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Chiral fermions (CFs) in condensed matters, distinguished by right (+) or left (−) handedness, hold a promise for emergent quantum devices. Although a chiral anomaly induced current, J chiral = J (+) − J (−), occurs in Weyl semimetals due to the charge imbalance of the CFs, monitoring spatial flow and temporal dynamics of J chiral has not been demonstrated yet. Here, we report real-space imaging and control of J chiral on the topological Dirac semimetal KZnBi at room temperature (RT) by near-field terahertz (THz) spectroscopy, establishing a relation for an electromagnetic control of J chiral . In THz electric and external magnetic fields, we visualize a spatial flow of coherent J chiral in macroscopic length scale and monitor its temporal dynamics in picosecond time scale, revealing its ultralong transport length around 100 micrometers. Such coherent J chiral is further found to be controlled according to field directions, suggesting the feasibility of information science with topological Dirac semimetals at RT.

Failure to respond to treatment in epithelial ovarian cancer can often be attributed to platinum-based chemotherapy resistance. However, the possible mechanisms or candidate biomarkers associated with platinum resistance are yet to be elucidated, even though many researchers have performed related studies.We performed RNA sequencing of clinical specimens obtained from patients with platinum-sensitive or resistant epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Furthermore, various bioinformatics approaches, including spatial analysis of functional enrichment, were used to identify key regulators and associated underlying mechanisms of platinum resistance in EOC.Through RNA-sequencing, we identified 263 differentially expressed genes (98 upregulated and 165 downregulated) and subjected them to Gene Oncology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses, which were characterized to the traditional platinum-resistant characteristics. Subsequently, the gene interaction network and module analysis by spatial analysis of functional enrichment software demonstrated protein kinase C and casein kinase substrate in neurons 3 (PACSIN3) as the only upregulated hub gene, and neurotensin (NTS) and KIAA0319 as downregulated hub genes in platinum-resistant EOC. We selected PACSIN3 for further analysis because it has not been studied in relation to response to platinum-based chemotherapy. PACSIN3 was significantly upregulated in ovarian cancer cells compared to immortalized human ovarian surface epithelial cells. In addition, cisplatin-induced apoptosis was measured in PACSIN3 knockout OVCA433 and BRCA-mutated EOC cell line, SNU251, by a fluorescence-activated cell sorting-based Annexin-V/propium iodide double staining assay, which revealed a significant increase in apoptosis.Taken together, the present study presents PACSIN3 as a promising predictive biomarker associated with platinum resistance, especially in BRCA-mutated epithelial ovarian cancers.

PTK7 is a catalytically defective receptor protein tyrosine kinase upregulated in various cancers, including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). In previous studies, we observed a positive correlation between PTK7 expression levels and tumorigenicity in various ESCC cell lines and xenograft mice with ESCC KYSE-30 cells. In this study, we analyzed the effects of anti-PTK7 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) on the tumorigenic activity in KYSE-30 cells and in mouse xenograft models. PTK7 mAb-32 and mAb-43 bind with a high affinity to the extracellular domain of PTK7. PTK7 mAbs significantly reduced three-dimensional cell proliferation, adhesion, wound healing, and migration. PTK7 mAbs also reduce chemotactic invasiveness by decreasing MMP-9 secretion. PTK7 mAbs decreased actin cytoskeleton levels in the cortical region of KYSE-30 cells. PTK7 mAbs reduced the phosphorylation of ERK, SRC, and FAK. In a mouse xenograft model of ESCC using KYSE-30 cells, PTK7 mAbs reduced tumor growth in terms of volume, weight, and the number of Ki-67-positive cells. These results demonstrated that PTK7 mAbs can inhibit the tumorigenicity of ESCC at the cellular level and in vivo by blocking the function of PTK7. Considering the anticancer activities of PTK7 mAbs, we propose that PTK7 mAbs can be used in an effective treatment strategy for PTK7-positive malignancies, such as ESCC.

BACKGROUND In this study, we designed a new technique for open septal reduction using a polydioxanone (PDS) plate and compared it with closed reduction (CR). METHODS This study included 19 consecutive patients with nasoseptal fracture: 10 receiving open reduction with a PDS plate (PDS group) and 9 undergoing CR group. Open septal reduction was performed after CR for nasal bone fracture. A mucoperichondrial flap was unilaterally elevated, and the deviated septal cartilage was reduced. The PDS plate was inserted horizontally above the vomerine suture. Surgical outcome was analyzed with three-dimensional volumetry and with a quality-of-life scale for nasal obstruction (Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation scale). RESULTS Complications included 1 case of septal perforation in the CR group and 1 case of PDS exposure and septal hematoma in the PDS group. In the three-dimensional volumetric analysis of the PDS group, the median value of the nasal cavity change significantly differed between 1.14 mL (interquartile range; 0.46-2.4) at the preoperative computed tomography scan and 0.33 mL (interquartile range; -0.22 to 1.29) at the postoperative computed tomography scan (**P = 0.0039). The Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation scale revealed significant improvement in nasal obstruction postsurgically (median value, 42.5-7.5; *P = 0.0139) in the PDS group. CONCLUSIONS Polydioxanone plates potentially present a new concept of open septal reduction in terms of septal reinforcement compared with the subtractive approach of open septal reduction.

To confirm the change of muzzle velocity and the most suitable probability distribution model of the 155 mm K9 howitzer barrel with chrome plating and changed rifling. Using a statistical program, the muzzle velocity were plotted on a normal distribution, a 2-parameter and 3-parameter Weibull distribution on a probability paper. Also, statistical parameters were estimated and muzzle velocity fitness test and probability of K676 charge were plotted. In both the chrome-plated with standard rifling and changed rifling for K9 barrel, the 2-parameter and 3-parameter Weibull distribution were skewed to the left compared to the normal distribution. It was confirmed that the muzzle velocity of the K9 barrel with chromium-plated is suitable for the normal distribution and 3-parameter Weibull distribution model.

Despite the high expression of neuropilin‑1 (NRP‑1) in human glioblastoma (GB), the understanding of its function as a co‑receptor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) in angiogenesis is currently limited. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to elucidate the non‑classical function of NRP‑1 expression in human GB. Expression patterns of NRP‑1 and VEGF‑A were determined by sandwich ELISA, western blot analysis, or immunohistochemistry. Differential dependency of GB cells following ablation of VEGF‑A signaling was validated

NANOG engages with tumour initiation and metastasis by regulating the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). However, its role in association with pAMPKα, and its clinical significance in EOC have not been elucidated even though AMPK is known to degrade NANOG in various human cancers. Hence, we investigated the role of pAMPKα and its association with NANOG as potential prognostic biomarkers in EOC. Both NANOG and pAMPKα expression were significantly overexpressed in EOCs comparing nonadjacent normal epithelial tissues, benign tissues, and borderline tumours. NANOG overexpression was significantly associated with poor disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS), whereas pAMPKα overexpression was associated with good DFS and OS. Importantly, multivariate analysis revealed that the combination of high NANOG and low pAMPKα expression was a poor independent prognostic factor for DFS and was associated with platinum resistance. In ovarian cancer cell lines, siRNA-mediated NANOG knockdown diminished migration and invasion properties by regulating the EMT process via the AMPK/mTOR signalling pathway. Furthermore, treatment with AMPK activator suppressed expression of stemness factors such as NANOG, Oct4 and Sox2. Collectively, these findings established that the combination of high NANOG and low pAMPKα expression was associated with EOC progression and platinum resistance, suggesting a potential prognostic biomarker for clinical management in EOC patients.

Background: The gold standard of treatment for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is cervical conization. There remains a concern regarding the residual disease if resection is incomplete. However, few studies have so far examined the methods to improve the complete resection of the entire lesion with LEEP, eg, applying Lugol’s solution during LEEP. We examined whether the use of Lugol’s solution reduces the proportion of positive resection margins after the loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP). Methods: A total of 1,751 consecutive women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) who underwent LEEP at three university hospitals were retrospectively retrieved from the database. Outcomes included positive resection margins and residual disease pathologically confirmed within 6 months after LEEP. Results: Positive resection margins were noted in 345 (19.7%) cases. Among 1,507 women followed up, residual disease was diagnosed in 100 (6.6%) cases (69/308 cases with positive margins; 31/1,199 cases with negative margins). The Lugol’s solution group was less likely to have positive resection margins (11.8% vs. 25.5%; P < 0.01), to require additional surgical intervention (5.4% vs. 10.2%; P < 0.01), and to have residual disease (4.9% vs. 8.0%; P = 0.02). A multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated that Lugol’s solution reduced the proportion of positive resection margins (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.31), and that age 50 years or older (aOR, 1.64), pre-conization cervical cytology (aOR, 1.53), high-risk HPV (aOR 1.75), and CIN 2–3 (aOR, 2.65) were independent risk factors for margin positivity (P < 0.01 for all except high-risk HPV). Conclusions: Lugol’s solution optimizes CIN treatment by reducing the proportion of positive resection margins and residual disease after LEEP.

A giant thrombosed extracranial internal carotid artery aneurysm (ECCA) is extremely rare and its treatment is challenging. Despite the advance of endovascular technique, open surgery is still considered a first-line treatment in giant thrombosed ECCA. We describe a case of giant thrombosed ECCA which was successfully treated by aneurysmectomy and graft interposition with the technical details.

Aspect-based sentiment analysis is a text analysis technique that categorizes data by aspect and identifies the sentiment attributed to each one and a task for a fine-grained sentiment analysis. In order to accurately perform a fine-grained sentiment analysis, a sentiment word within a text, a target it modifies, and a holder who represents the sentiment word are required; however, they should be extracted in sequence because the sentiment word is an important clue for extracting the target, which is key evidence of the holder. Namely, the three types of information sequentially become an important clue. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a stepwise multi-task learning model for holder extraction with RoBERTa and Bi-LSTM. The tasks are sentiment word extraction, target extraction, and holder extraction. The proposed model was trained and evaluated under Laptop and Restaurant datasets in SemEval 2014 through 2016. We have observed that the performance of the proposed model was improved by using stepwised features that are the output of the previous task. Furthermore, the generalization effect has been observed by making the final output format of the model a BIO tagging scheme. This can avoid overfitting to a specific domain of the review text by outputting BIO tags instead of the words.

This study examined the relationships among personality traits, coping efficacy, and academic stress in medical and non-medical students in South Korea, and investigated the mediating effect of coping efficacy in the relationship between personality traits and academic stress. The study group comprised 210 medical students and 175 non-medical students. They were asked to rate their personality traits, coping efficacy, and academic stress. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS ver. 26.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) and AMOS ver. 26.0 (IBM Corp.). Medical students scored higher for examination stress and lower for extroversion than non-medical students. In both groups, extroversion and conscientiousness positively affected coping efficacy, while neuroticism influenced it negatively. Neuroticism directly influenced all types of academic stress in both groups, while extroversion and conscientiousness only had direct effects on examination stress among medical students. Coping efficacy mediated the associations between personality traits and academic stress, except for the relationship between neuroticism and grade stress among medical students. The study indicates that coping efficacy had a significant effect on relieving academic stress among students with higher scores for extroversion and conscientiousness. Efforts should be made to decrease neuroticism to lower academic stress, as the relationship between neuroticism and academic stress is not directly influenced by coping efficacy. The implications of these results are discussed regarding a consultation system for students, especially those in medical school.

Background We assessed the long‐term clinical outcomes of an intermediate lesion (IL) according to the presence of a combined culprit lesion (CCL). Hypothesis Long‐term clinical outcomes of IL may be affected by the presence of a CCL. Methods Angiographic findings (n = 1096) and medical chart were reviewed. Patients with IL were divided into two groups: IL without CCL group (n = 383, 64.5%) and IL with CCL group (n = 211, 35.5%). Results The major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in the IL with CCL group were significantly higher than those in the IL without CCL group (death: 12.3% vs. 7.0%, myocardial infarction: 3.3%vs. 0.5%, stroke: 6.6% vs. 2.6%, and revascularization [RVSC]: 25.1% vs. 7.6%) during a mean follow up period of 118.4 ± 5.5 months. IL related RVSC rate in the IL with CCL group was higher than that in the IL without CCL group (5.7% vs. 2.1%, p = 0.020). RVSC rate related to IL in total subjects was lower than that related to stented lesion (3.4% vs. 6.4%). The important predictors of total MACE in total subjects were the presence of CCL, IL percent diameter stenosis, hypertension, history of percutaneous coronary intervention, blood glucose and ejection fraction. The predictors of IL related RVSC were IL percent diameter stenosis and IL located in the right coronary artery. Conclusion 10‐year clinical outcomes of an IL (especially IL without CCL) were better than those of stented lesions. This study suggests that the IL can be safely followed up in sites that do not have ability to assess functional study.

Realizing a state of matter in two dimensions has repeatedly proven a novel route of discovering new physical phenomena. Van der Waals (vdW) materials have been at the center of these now extensive research activities. They offer a natural way of producing a monolayer of matter simply by mechanical exfoliation. This work demonstrates that the possible multiferroic state with coexisting antiferromagnetic and ferroelectric orders possibly persists down to the bilayer flake of NiI$_{2}$. By exploiting the optical second-harmonic generation technique, both magnitude and direction of the ferroelectric order, arising from the cycloidal spin order, are successfully traced. The possible multiferroic state's transition temperature decreases from 58 K for the bulk to about 20 K for the bilayer. Our observation will spur extensive efforts to demonstrate multi-functionality in vdW materials, which have been tried mostly by using heterostructures of singly ferroic ones until now.