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According to the nonlinear and non-stationary of the planetary gearbox vibration signal fault characteristics is difficult to extract and the problem of low classification accuracy Gaussian kernel extreme learning machine based on random generation kernel parameters， a method for identifying the state of planetary gearboxes with enhence multi-scale permutation entropy （EMPE） and nuclear-polarized Gaussian kernel extreme learning machine （KELM） is proposed. Firstly， noise reduction of vibration signals of planetary gearbox planetary gears by morphological average filtering and using EMPE to obtain permutation entropy values at multiple scales to constructing eigenvector set. Secondly， kernel parameter σ of Gaussian kernel extreme learning machine is optimized by kernel polarization. Finally， using the EMPE eigenvector set as input， the planetary gear state identification model is constructed by the training of KP-KELM algorithm. The experiment results show that， compared with the fault classification model based on SVM and KELM， the EMPE and KP-KELM planetary gear fault diagnosis method has higher classification accuracy and stronger generalization ability.

Ultra-wideband (UWB) is a promising indoor position technology with centimetre-level positioning accuracy in line-of-sight (LOS) situations. However, walls and other obstacles are common in an indoor environment, which can introduce non-line-of-sight (NLOS) and deteriorate UWB positioning accuracy to the meter level. This paper proposed a succinct method to identify NLOS induced by walls and mitigate the error for improved UWB positioning with NLOS. First, NLOS is detected by a sliding window method, which can identify approximately 90% of NLOS cases in a harsh indoor environment. Then, a delay model is designed to mitigate the error of the UWB signal propagating through a wall. Finally, all the distance measurements, including LOS and NLOS, are used to calculate the mobile UWB tag position with ordinary least squares (OLS) or weighted least squares (WLS). Experiment results show that with correct NLOS indentation and delay model, the proposed method can achieve positioning accuracy in NLOS environments close to the level of LOS. Compared with OLS, WLS can further optimise the positioning results. Correct NLOS indentation, accurate delay model and proper weights in the WLS are the keys to accurate UWB positioning in NLOS environments.

The detection of wear debris in lubricating oil is effective for determining current equipment operating conditions for fault diagnosis. In this paper, a permanent magnet ferromagnetic wear debris sensor is proposed that is composed of a compact structure and a detection coil that generates an induced voltage when wear debris passes through a magnetic field. A three-dimensional model of the sensor is established, the internal axisymmetric high-gradient magnetic field of the sensor is analyzed, and a mathematical model of the sensor signal is proposed. The effects of the air gap structure of the sensor and the relative permeability, velocity, and volume of the wear debris on the sensor performance are analyzed. The correctness of the theoretical results is proven by single particle experiments, and the sensor is calibrated to achieve quantitative analysis of the wear debris.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer and has poor prognosis. Cytokeratin (CK)19-positive (CK19+) HCC is especially aggressive; early identification of this subtype and timely intervention can potentially improve clinical outcomes. In the present study, we developed a preoperative gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based radiomics model for noninvasive and accurate classification of CK19+ HCC. A multicenter and time-independent cohort of 257 patients were retrospectively enrolled (training cohort, n = 143; validation cohort A, n = 75; validation cohort B, n = 39). A total of 968 radiomics features were extracted from preoperative multisequence MR images. The maximum relevance minimum redundancy algorithm was applied for feature selection. Multiple logistic regression, support vector machine, random forest, and artificial neural network (ANN) algorithms were used to construct the radiomics model, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of corresponding classifiers. The incidence of CK19+ HCC was significantly higher in male patients. The ANN-derived combined classifier comprising 12 optimal radiomics features showed the best diagnostic performance, with AUROCs of 0.857, 0.726, and 0.790 in the training cohort and validation cohorts A and B, respectively. The combined model based on multisequence MRI radiomics features can be used for preoperative noninvasive and accurate classification of CK19+ HCC, so that personalized management strategies can be developed.

ObjectiveAlternative splicing (AS) is the mechanism by which a few genes encode numerous proteins, and it redefines the concept of gene expression regulation. Recent studies showed that dysregulation of AS was an important cause of tumorigenesis and microenvironment formation. Therefore, we performed a systematic analysis to examine the role of AS in breast cancer (Breast Cancer, BrCa) progression.MethodsThe present study included 993 BrCa patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database in the genome-wide analysis of AS events. We used differential and prognostic analyses and found differentially expressed alternative splicing (DEAS) events and independent prognostic factors related to patients’ overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). We divided the patients into two groups based on these AS events and analyzed their clinical features, molecular subtyping and immune characteristics. We also constructed a splicing factor (SF) regulation network for key AS events and verified the existence of AS events in tissue samples using real-time quantitative PCR.ResultsA total of 678 AS events were identified as differentially expressed, of which 13 and 10 AS events were independent prognostic factors of patients’ OS and DFS, respectively. Unsupervised clustering analysis based on these prognostic factors indicated that the Cluster 1 group had a better prognosis and more immune cell infiltration. SFs were significantly related to the expression of AS events, and AA-RPS21 was significantly upregulated in tumors.ConclusionAlternative splicing expands the mechanism of breast cancer progression from a new perspective. Notably, alternative splicing may affect the patient’s prognosis by affecting the infiltration of immune cells. Our research provides important guidance for subsequent studies of AS in breast cancer.

Monocrotaline (MCT), a pyrrolizidine alkaloid, is the major toxin in Crotalaria, which causes cell apoptosis in humans and animals. It has been reported that the liver is a vulnerable target of MCT. However, the exact molecular mechanism of the interaction between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and liver injury induced by MCT is still unclear. In this study, the cytotoxicity of MCT on primary rat hepatocytes was analyzed by a CCK-8 assay and Annexin V-FITC/PI assay. Protein expression was detected by western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. As a result, MCT significantly decreased the cell viability and mediated the apoptosis of primary rat hepatocytes. Meanwhile, MCT could also induce ER stress in hepatocytes, indicated by the expression of ER stress-related proteins, including GRP78, p-IRE1α, ATF6, p-eIF2α, ATF4, and CHOP. Pretreatment with 4-PBA, an inhibitor of ER stress, or knockdown of CHOP by siRNA could partly enhance cell viability and relieve the apoptosis. Our findings indicate that ER stress is involved in the hepatotoxicity induced by MCT, and CHOP plays an important role in this process.

Numerous path-planning studies have been conducted in past decades due to the challenges of obtaining optimal solutions. This paper reviews multi-robot path-planning approaches and decision-making strategies and presents the path-planning algorithms for various types of robots, including aerial, ground, and underwater robots. The multi-robot path-planning approaches have been classified as classical approaches, heuristic algorithms, bio-inspired techniques, and artificial intelligence approaches. Bio-inspired techniques are the most employed approaches, and artificial intelligence approaches have gained more attention recently. The decision-making strategies mainly consist of centralized and decentralized approaches. The trend of the decision-making system is to move towards a decentralized planner. Finally, the new challenge in multi-robot path planning is proposed as fault tolerance, which is important for real-time operations.

The evaluation of rolling bearing performance degradation has important implications for the prediction and health management (PHM) of rotating equipment. A method for evaluation of rolling bearing performance degradation based on comprehensive index reduction and support vector data description (SVDD) is proposed in this study. Firstly, the improved variational mode decomposition (VMD) method was used to decompose vibration signals, and the defect frequency amplitude ratio index which is sensitive to early faults is extracted. Secondly, a comprehensive feature index set of rolling bearings is constructed by combining traditional time-domain and time–frequency-domain indexes, and the main features are extracted by the dimensionality reduction algorithm of locally linear embedding (LLE). Finally, the SVDD evaluation model was utilized to characterize and evaluate the rolling bearing lifetime degradation process using the distance from the test sample to the trained hypersphere center. Results showed that the proposed comprehensive degradation index can accurately detect the occurrence of early weak fault stage of rolling bearings and objectively reveal the performance degradation process of rolling bearings.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is associated with a high mortality rate worldwide. The therapeutic outcomes can be significantly improved if diagnosis and treatment are initiated earlier in the disease process. Recently, the carboxylesterase (CaE) activity/level in human plasma was reported to be a novel serological biomarker candidate for HCC. In this article, we fabricated a new fluorescent probe with AIE characteristics for the rapid detection of CaE with a more reliable ratiometric response mode. The TCFISE probe showed high sensitivity (LOD: 93.0 μU/mL) and selectivity toward CaE. Furthermore, the good pH stability, superior resistance against photobleaching, and low cytotoxicity highlight the high potential of the TCFISE probe for application in the monitoring of CaE activity in complex biological samples and in live cells, tissues, and animals.

Deep rock will be influenced by the excavation disturbances of different degrees, which seriously affects the safety production of underground mines. Considering that deep rock will be impacted by different temperatures and varied disturbance degrees, this work analyzes the effect of temperature on the dynamic properties of marble by means of the dynamic and static combined SHPB test device. The results reveal that as the temperature climbed, the diameter and height of the specimen increased and the mass and longitudinal wave velocity dropped. The variation laws of total stress–strain curves after varied high temperatures are substantially the same; the peak stress was negatively correlated with the action temperature. At 25 °C~400 °C, the failure mode of specimens is less affected by temperature. When the temperature is higher than 400 °C, the failure degree of specimens increases with the growth of temperature. At 25~400 °C, the above energy varies minimally. At 400~800 °C, with the increase in temperature, the incident energy, transmitted energy and absorption energy decrease, and the reflection energy increases gradually.

Background In China, double-seed (DS) sowing (i.e., sowing two seeds per hole) has been conventionally performed towards the erect-plant-type peanuts to increase the low germination rate due to poor seed preservation conditions. However, the corresponding within-hole plant competition usually limits the subsequent plant growth and the final yield. We developed a high-yield cultivation system of single-seed (SS) precision sowing to solve this paradox, saving 20% of seeds and increasing yields by more than 10% relative to the conventional DS sowing. Methods To explore the mechanisms of these two different cropping patterns in peanut yields, we conducted transcriptomic and physiological comparisons in the seeding plant leaf and root tissues between SS precision sowing and standard DS sowing treatments. Results After assembly, each library contained an average of 43 million reads and generated a total of 523,800, 338 clean reads. After GO and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis, we found the key genes for biotic and abiotic stress showed higher expression in roots of plants grown under the SS precision sowing treatment, including genes encoding disease resistance, oxidation-reduction, hormone related, and stress response transcription factors and signaling regulation proteins. In particular, the resveratrol synthesis genes related to stress and disease resistance appeared induced in roots under the SS sowing treatment. Conclusion These data indicated that Aspergillus flavus resistance and stress tolerance in roots under SS precision sowing were enhanced compared with roots under the DS sowing treatment. This work benefits the development of underground pods and thus increasing peanut yields.

This study is to theoretically and experimentally investigate the propagation of stress waves in the filled joint set. The time-domain recursive method is used to derive the propagation equations in the filled joint set, and the filled joints are further simplified into structural planes without joint thickness. The split-Hopkinson rock bar is modified to simulate P wave propagation normally across the parallel filled joints. The relationship among stress-closure curve, joint specific stiffness, transmission coefficient and loading rate is analyzed. The results show that, for the rock mass with a single joint, both the joint specific stiffness and transmission coefficient of different filling materials increase with loading rate. More serious particle breakage of the filling materials leads to lower joint specific stiffness and transmission coefficient. For the rock mass with two joints, the joint specific stiffness of each joint affects the transmission coefficient of the filled joint set. It is found that our theoretical calculations are basically consistent with the experimental ones, and the joint specific stiffness can well characterize the propagation behavior of stress wave in the filled parallel rock joints.

We present ab initio calculations of cross sections for projectile and target excitation occurring in the course of He+ + He collisions using a three-active-electron semiclassical nonperturbative approach. Intermediate impact energies ranging from 1 keV to 225 keV/u are considered. The results of our calculations agree well with available measurements for both projectile and target excitation in the respective overlapping energy regions. A comparison of our results with those of other theoretical calculations further demonstrates the importance of a nonperturbative approach that includes a sufficient number of channels. Furthermore, it is found that the cross sections for target excitation into singlet states show a valley centered at about 25 keV/u, resulting from competition with electron transfer to singlet projectile states. By contrast, the cross sections for target excitation into triplet states do not exhibit any such structures.

In order to study the influence of pillar stopping blasting on the stability of cemented backfill, the dynamic impact test under low strain rate (61.1∼86.8 s−1) was conducted on cemented backfill with two kinds of strength using three-dimensional coupled static-dynamic SHPB equipment. At the same time, the strain rate effect of failure mode, dynamic strength factor, and energy transfer of backfill were analyzed. The results show that when the cemented backfill was loaded under different strain rates in the initial three-dimensional static pressure environment, the pore compaction process was no longer obvious but directly entered the elastic deformation stage. Within the range of strain rates, the extreme value of dynamic intensity factor (DIF) of CTB230 was 6.8, while the extreme value of dynamic intensity factor of CTB310 specimen did not appear within the range of strain rates due to the improvement of the internal cementation force between particles. The fracture surfaces of specimens were perpendicular to the direction of load, and the failure mode was mainly the axial tensile failure, and the fracture surfaces were mostly close to the loading end. According to energy calculation, reflected energy accounts for 80.4%∼86.6% of incident energy; dissipated energy, 5.5%∼14.3%; transmitted energy, 5.3%∼7.9%.

In the traditional presplitting blasting, the presplit holes are generally uniformly initiated, which causes local damage to the retained rock mass while forming the damping ditch. In order to determine the optimal delay time of the precise delay initiation hole by hole, the finite element software ANSYS/LS-DYNA is used to build a blasting model of the concrete, which includes concrete, explosive, and air to simulate the crack forming process of the presplitting hole under various initiation modes. Four kinds of initiation modes for blasting, namely, simultaneous initiation with 0 ms, 9 ms, 12 ms, and 15 ms of delay between adjacent holes, are set up to determine the exact delay time of the best presplitting effect. The simulation results show that when the prehole detonates simultaneously, the inner hole crack penetrates the fastest, but the peak stress around the hole is up to 147.9 MPa. When interhole delayed initiation is used, although the time of interhole crack penetration is prolonged, the stress coupling is generated around the precrack and the maximum stress is obviously reduced. The maximum stress generated under the three delayed initiation conditions is only 76.8 MPa. Considering the requirement of damage control of surrounding rock mass and the rapid formation of precrack, 9 ms delay time is determined as the precise delay time of this test.

The deformation and failure characteristics of red sandstone under subzero temperature were studied by the split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) dynamic impact test. The effects of different subzero temperatures on rock strength properties, fractal dimension, and dissipated energy were analyzed combined with microfracture morphology. The reasons for rock dynamic mechanical property deterioration under lower subzero temperatures were revealed. The research shows that low subzero temperature will cause “frostbite” of red sandstone. Under high strain rate loading, the rock will quickly lose its bearing capacity, and its dynamic mechanical strength will drop sharply. The dissipated energy WL of the frozen rock specimen is positively correlated with the fractal dimension D and closely related to the macroscopic failure characteristics. It could be concluded that greater dissipation energy leads to more serious damage of rock and accordingly results in a larger fractal dimension. Fracture morphology analysis shows that the lower subzero temperature generated remarkable cracks in the material interface of the red sandstone. The damage of the red sandstone could be explained by the fact that the crack tip had low plastic deformation ability under high strain rate loading and the composition of cement was vulnerable to the subzero temperature effect.

In order to prevent rockfall caused by open-pit blasting on the high and steep slope and ensure that the passive protective net structure has sufficient impact resistance, the mechanism of blasting flyrock causing rockfall is analyzed by using ANSYS/AUTODYN to establish the model of rockfall and passive protective net; at the same time, the influences of protective net size, rockfall kinetic energy, and rockfall size to the protective effect were also studied. The results show that under the condition of the same rockfall kinetic energy and rockfall size, the larger the size of the protective net, the longer the buffer time, and the impact force that net can sustain is greater; by assuming the protective net size and rockfall size to be a constant, the greater the rockfall kinetic energy, the less the interaction time between rock and net, and the greater the impulse force that net can suffer; similarly, by keeping the protective net size and the kinetic energy of rockfall to be a constant, it is found that the larger the size of the rockfall, the larger the interaction area and longer interaction time with the net, and the less net will be disrupted; the protective net used in the mine can intercept the rockfall caused by flyrock in blasting process effectively and ensure the safety of villager at the foot of the mountain.

In order to optimize the arrangement of cutting holes in tunnel blast in Dahongshan Copper Mine, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation were combined to preliminarily determine the diameter of the hollow hole and the distance between the charge hole and the hollow hole during cut blast, which was verified through the field blast test. The research results show that with the increase of the hole diameter, the peak compressive stress of rock surrounding the empty hole gradually decreases, and the peak tensile stress gradually increases, which is consistent with the calculation results; when the hole diameter is 10 cm, the two first blast holes are arranged horizontally and 30 cm from the empty hole, two second blast holes are arranged vertically and 40 cm away from the empty hole, and the four third blast holes are arranged at a horizontal distance of 45 cm and a vertical distance of 45 cm from the empty hole; the contour area in numerical simulation is the maximum. The difference in contour area, contour width, and contour and contour height between the measured value and the simulation result is 5.3%, 3.3%, and 3.4%, respectively, indicating that the combination of theoretical calculation and numerical simulation is suitable for prediction of cavity section after blast in tunnel excavation.

In order to study the fractal characteristics of the pomegranate biotite schist under the effect of blasting loads, a one-dimensional SHPB impact test was carried out to test the dynamic compressive strength, damage morphology, fracture energy dissipation density, and other parameters of the rocks under different strain rates; besides, sieve tests were conducted to count the mass fractal characteristics of the crushed masses under different strain rates to calculate the fractal dimension of the crushed rock D. Finally, the relationships between fractal dimension and dynamic compressive strength, crushing characteristics, and energy dissipation characteristics were analysed. The results show that under different impact loads, the strain rate effect of the rock is significant and the dynamic compressive strength increases with the increasing strain rate, and they show a multiplicative power relationship. The higher the strain rate of the rock, the deeper the fragmentation and the higher the fractal dimension, and the fractal dimension and rock crushing energy density are multiplied by a power relationship. By performing the comparative analysis of the pomegranate biotite schist, a reasonable strain rate range of 78.75 s-1~82.51 s-1 and a reasonable crushing energy consumption density range of 0.78 J·cm-3~0.92 J·cm-3 were determined. This research provides a great reference for the analysis of dynamic crushing mechanism, crushing block size distribution, and crushing energy consumption of the roadway surrounding rock.

The effect of low temperature on dynamic mechanical properties of low-temperature frozen marble at a high strain rate was studied by a dynamic impact test. The influence of temperature changes (25°C–40°C), especially negative temperature changes, on dynamic strength, peak strain, and failure mode of the marble was analyzed. Combined with the fracture morphology, the reasons for the deterioration of dynamic mechanical strength of water-saturated marble at lower negative temperatures were investigated. The experimental results show that the dynamic mechanical properties of marble are significantly affected by the change of freezing temperature. The dynamic strength firstly decreases and then increases with the decrease of temperature in the range of 25°C to −20°C, but the dynamic strength decreases sharply after −20°C. The peak strain increases first, then decreases, and then increases, and the inflection point temperature of the change is −5°C and −20°C, respectively, which is completely different from the static load test results of frozen rock at low temperature. According to fracture morphology analysis, water-ice phase transformation at −5°C leads to the nucleation and expansion of a large number of microcracks and micropores in marble, and the interaction between slip separation cracks and microstructures caused by shear deformation under impact separates the massive crystals inside the rock into microscopic crystals, thus reducing the bearing capacity and strength of marble. From −5°C to −20°C, the ice medium and marble matrix contract when cooled, and the microcracks and micropores caused by the phase transition gradually close during the contraction process, the integrity of the rock is restored, and the dynamic strength of the rock is increased. At −20°C, there is a great difference in the shrinkage rate of the marble matrix and the ice medium, and the internal microstructure increases. Meanwhile, the impact amplifies the brittleness of the rock at low temperatures, leading to a sharp decrease in the dynamic strength of the marble.

In order to effectively reduce the disturbance of the precrack blasting vibration on slope rock mass, except paying attention to the damping effect of the precrack, it is also necessary to optimize the blasting parameters and initiation mode of the precrack itself. Based on the blasting theory and empirical formula, the parameters of presplitting blasting such as the hole diameter, hole spacing, charge decoupling coefficient, and line charge density were determined, and field tests of conventional pre-splitting blasting and presplitting blasting with precise delay and hole-by-hole initiation were carried out on the west slope of Buzhaoba. Regression analysis was carried out on the vibration monitoring data, and the blasting vibration attenuation regularity of slope particles was obtained. By comparing the monitored vibration velocity of the two presplitting blasting tests and the forecast results of theoretical calculation, the average reduction rate of the conventional same row blasting vibration is 26.40%, while that of the hole-by-hole blasting vibration can reach 41.45% with a half hole rate of 80.7% and an irregularity of about 130 mm. Results show that the effect of precise delay initiation between preholes based on the digital electronic detonator is better than that of the simultaneous initiation of preholes. Therefore, it is suggested that the hole-by-hole presplitting blasting technology should be applied in the excavation of boundary slope and the treatment of high and steep slope.

Ovarian cancer is a gynecological cancer from which it is difficult to be completely cured. It is common to use regimens as an effective treatment for ovarian cancer, but these inevitably bring serious side effects. New treatment strategies and special drugs are needed to improve the prognosis of patients. Celastrol is a natural product, isolated from traditional medicine, that has been proven to be curative for inflammation and cancers. However, the non-targeting and low solubility of celastrol limit its clinical application. We prepared celastrol-loaded nanoparticles for the efficient treatment of ovarian cancer via oxidative stress amplification. In this work, a tumor-targeted, ROS-sensitive nanoparticle was designed, synthesized, and assembled into a drug delivery system that used celastrol. Folic acid (FA) groups on the surface of nanoparticles guide them to actively target the surface of the tumor cell membrane. Thioketal (TK) bonds in nanoparticles can be oxidized and broken into -SH within the ROS level of tumor tissues, which causes the breaking of the PEG hydrophilic shell layer of nanoparticles and promotes the release of celastrol. The released celastrol further stimulated the production of ROS and amplified the intracellular ROS level to promote the apoptosis of tumor cells, thus achieving a therapeutic effect on the celastrol treated ovarian cancer.

Objective The aim of the study was to quantitatively assess the association of metallothionein 2A ( MT2A ) polymorphisms rs28366003 and rs1610216 with cancer risk. Methods Crude odd ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to estimate associations of the polymorphisms with cancer risk. Results Six eligible case-control studies with 1899 cases and 2437 controls focused on rs28366003, and three of those six studies, with 548 cases and 926 controls, additionally focused on rs1610216. Pooled analysis showed that MT2A rs28366003 and rs1610216 were associated with cancer risk: (AG + GG) vs. AA, OR = 2.67; GG vs. (AG + AA), OR = 5.97; GG vs. AA, OR = 6.80; AG vs. AA, OR = 2.46; G vs. A, OR = 2.67 for rs28366003; and CC vs. (TC+TT), OR = 2.51; CC vs. TT, OR = 2.42 for rs1610216. Subgroup analysis based on ethnicity showed a significant association of rs28366003 with cancer risk in Asian and Caucasian populations. However, a significant association of rs1610216 with cancer risk was found only in the Asian population. Conclusion MT2A rs28366003 and rs1610216 polymorphisms were associated with cancer risk and might serve as genetic biomarkers for predicting cancer risk. However, larger studies are needed to confirm these findings.

Lipid metabolic disorders have become a major global public health concern. Fatty liver and dyslipidemia are major manifestations of these disorders. Recently, MicroRNA-33 (miR-33), a post-transcriptional regulator of genes involved in cholesterol efflux and fatty acid oxidation, has been considered as a good therapeutic target for these disorders. However, the traditional methods of gene therapy impede their further clinical transformation into a mature treatment system. To counter this problem, in this study we used mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) as nanocarriers to deliver miR-33 antagomirs developing nanocomposites miR-MSNs. We observed that the hepatocellular uptake of miR-33 antagomirs increased by ∼5 times when they were delivered using miR-MSNs. The regulation effects of miR-MSNs on miR-33 and several genes involved in lipid metabolism were confirmed in L02 cells. In a high-fat diet fed mice, miR-33 intervention via miR-MSNs lowered the serum triglyceride levels remarkably by 18.9% and reduced hepatic steatosis. Thus, our results provide a proof-of-concept for a potential strategy to ameliorate lipid metabolic disorders.

BackgroundIrisin, a newly identified peptide, is critical to regulating metabolism, thermogenesis, and reducing oxidative stresses. Our recent works demonstrated that irisin protected the heart against myocardial ischemic injury and preserved the function of mitochondria. However, whether irisin preserves myocardial performance and attenuates insulin resistance in type II diabetes remains unknown.ObjectiveEffects of irisin on type II diabetes-induced cardiac dysfty unction and insulin resistance in db/db mice were studied. Methods: Homozygous db/db mice (n=5/each group) for spontaneous mutation (Leprdb) and heterozygous (heterozygous) mice (n=5/each group) for control were used to assess for cardiac performance and impairment of insulin resistance. Homozygous and heterozygous controls received a treatment with either irisin (100 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection, every other day) or vehicle control (PBS) for 4 weeks at 16 weeks of age. Insulin tolerance test and glucose tolerance test were employed to determine insulin resistance in mice. Cardiac function was assessed by echocardiography. Metabolic features including hyperglycemia and body growth were also examined. Immunohistochemical analysis was employed to determine myocardial hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis. Immunoblots were employed to determine the signaling pathway associated with irisin treatment.ResultsHomozygous db/db mice developed an impairment in insulin sensitivity as indicated by Insulin tolerance test (ITT), glucose tolerance test (GTT) (p

The present study was undertaken with the aim to examine the relationship between temperature and humidity and milk production traits in Guanzhong dairy goats reared in China, and to assess the possibility of future genetic selection in dairy goats for increased tolerance to adverse environmental conditions, thereby improving goat farm management in China. Production data included 149 Guanzhong dairy goats with the first-lactation collected throughout 2019. The traits investigated were milk yield, and indicators of milk composition of Guanzhong dairy goats. For high temperature, significant and marked daily milk yield drops, up to 16% (about 0.23 kg/d per head) were observed in July and August when compared with the other months. The fat content, protein content, and dry matter were significantly lower in July and August. Importantly, milk production traits present significant correlations with high temperature, while high humidity had little effect on milk composition of Guanzhong dairy goats. Therefore, the adverse environmental conditions on farm profit is not negligible, and the strategies could be improving the goat farm management as well as obtaining thermotolerant animals through genetic selection.

Objective This study investigated micro (mi)RNAs associated with the survival of patients with gallbladder carcinoma (GBC). Methods miRNA expression profiling was carried out of 40 cancerous tissues from GBC patients with long-term (n = 20) and short-term (n = 20) survival and eight healthy gallbladder tissues from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. miRNAs dysregulated in GBC patients with long-term or short-term survival were identified using GEO2R and VennDiagram packages, and analyzed by miRNA target prediction tools and the clusterProfiler package. Results Compared with healthy gallbladder tissues, 104 and 124 miRNAs were dysregulated in cancerous tissues of GBC patients with long-term survival and short-term survival, respectively. Two miRNAs (hsa-miR-142-5p and hsa-miR-146b-5p) and 22 miRNAs (such as hsa-miR-30a-3p, hsa-miR-660-5p, and hsa-miR-338-3p) were exclusively dysregulated in GBC patients with long-term and short-term survival, respectively. Enrichment analysis revealed that miRNAs exclusively dysregulated in GBC patients with short-term survival were involved in 46 biological processes, 10 cellular components, 11 molecular functions, and 44 pathways such as morphogenesis of an epithelium, response to transforming growth factor beta, heterochromatin, and phosphatase binding. Conclusion This study not only identified some promising biomarkers for predicting survival in GBC patients, but also contributed to our understanding of the pathogenesis and prognosis of GBC.

The early fault signal of rolling bearings is very weak, and when analyzed under strong background noise, the traditional signal processing method is not ideal. To extract fault characteristic information more clearly, the second-order UCPSR method is applied to the early fault diagnosis of rolling bearings. The continuous potential function itself is a continuous sinusoidal function. The particle transition is smooth and the output is better. Because of its three parameters, the potential structure is more comprehensive and has more abundant characteristics. When the periodic signal, noise and potential function are the best match, the system exhibits better denoise compared to that of other methods. This paper discusses the influence of potential parameters on the motion state of particles between potential wells in combination with the potential parameter variation diagrams discussed. Then, the formula of output signal-to-noise ratio is derived to further study the relationships among potential parameters, and then the ant colony algorithm is used to optimize potential parameters in order to obtain the optimal output signal-to-noise ratio. Finally, an early weak fault diagnosis method for bearings based on the underdamped continuous potential stochastic resonance model is proposed. Through simulation and experimental verification, the underdamped continuous potential stochastic resonance results are compared with those of the time-delayed feedback stochastic resonance method, which proves the validity of the underdamped continuous potential stochastic resonance method.

Background: Pyrotinib, an irreversible pan-ERBB inhibitor, has shown promising antitumour activity, and acceptable tolerability. This research was conducted to evaluate the actual use and effectiveness of pyrotinib in China, therefore, contributed to solve the problem of real-world data scarcity.Methods: In this retrospective study, 168 patients who received pyrotinib treatment for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) in Hunan Province from June 2018 to August 2019 were included. Progression-free survival (PFS), tumor mutation burden (TMB), and drug-related adverse events (AEs) after pyrotinib administration were analyzed.Results: The median PFS (mPFS) time in the 168 participants was 8.07 months. The mPFS times in patients with pyrotinib in second-line therapy (n = 65) and third-or-higher-line therapy (n = 94) were 8.10 months and 7.60 months, respectively. Patients with brain metastases achieved 8.80 months mPFS time. In patients with pyrotinib in third-or-higher-line therapy, patients who had previously used lapatinib still got efficacy but showed a shorter mPFS time (6.43 months) than patients who had not (8.37 months). TMB was measured in 28 patients, K-M curve (P = 0.0024) and Multivariate Cox analysis (P = 0.0176) showed a significant negative association between TMB and PFS. Diarrhea occurred in 98.2% of participants (in any grade) and 19.6% in grade 3–4 AEs.Conclusion: Pyrotinib is highly beneficial to second-or-higher-line patients or HER2-positive MBC patients with brain metastases. Pyrotinib seems to be a feasible strategy both in combination of chemotherapeutic drugs or as a replacement of lapatinib if diseases progressed. TMB could be a potential predictor for evaluating pyrotinib's effectiveness in HER2-positive MBC.

Based on the online electromagnetic scale suppression dynamic simulation table designed by our team, the magnetic induction intensity in the cavity of single- and multi-layer winding electromagnetic water processor is simulated and analyzed by using numerical simulation. The relationship between the magnetic induction intensity of the inner cavity and the number of turns of the coil, wire diameter, and inner diameter and the effect of the segment on the intensity of the magnetic induction in the inner cavity are analyzed. According to the Bio–Savarts law, the formula for calculating the magnetic induction intensity in the cavity of multi-layer winding electromagnetic water processor is derived. Moreover, the structural parameters of the processor are determined based on the simulation results of the Maxwell equations. According to the simulation results, we make a new multi-layer winding electromagnetic water processor, which will be used on the online electromagnetic scale suppression dynamic simulation table in the future.

The leakage current, which is influenced by the operating voltage, the surface contamination, and environmental variables, is one of the most basic online monitoring parameters for the surface contamination status of insulators. However, the impact of temperature and humidity on leakage current have not been expressed concisely nor distinguished according to sunny and rainy weather. In this paper, based on leakage current online monitoring data, the time-domain waveforms of leakage current of an insulator string in Shenzhen, China, were compared with those of the ambient temperature and humidity. Results indicate that the leakage current presents a saddle-shaped curve on days without rain, and that there is a remarkable positive correlation between leakage current and humidity as well as a negative correlation between leakage current and temperature. In a short period (several days) without rain, as long as the relative humidity keeps constant, the leakage current would vary insignificantly, whereas it may vary in a wide range at the same temperature. Moreover, the functional relation mathematical model I = a * eb*RH between the first harmonic component of leakage current and the relative humidity is presented, inferring that the insulator string leakage current depends mainly on the ambient relative humidity in a day without rain.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007484.].

In Indonesia, Pinus merkusii, the Sumatran pine, is the most important forest tree in the industry. This study aimed to determine the effects of pine forest types and sites on the abundance of ambrosia beetles in four pine forest types and sites, i.e., the protected pine forest (PF1 & PF2), the pine forests-based agroforestry (PA1 & PA2), the tapped-pine forests (TP1 & TP2), and the non-tapped pine forests (NP1 & NP2). The environmental variables and the stand-ages were also studied related to the number of ambrosia beetle individuals and species. Twenty ethanol baited traps were installed to attract and collect the ambrosia beetles in each pine forest site. The descriptive analysis, the nested analysis of variance, and correlation analysis were applied to determine the differences in ambrosia beetle abundance between the pine forest sites, the relationship between the stand-age, humidity, elevation, and temperature to the number of individuals and species of ambrosia beetle, and species diversity of ambrosia beetles in each pine forest type. The Jaccard distance was calculated to investigate the dissimilarity between each pine forest site based on the ambrosia beetle species composition and abundance. The 999 ambrosia beetles (15 species) were reported in this study. Two were Platypodinae, and 13 were Scolytinae subfamilies. Xyleborinus andrewesi was the most abundant ambrosia beetle. The abundance of ambrosia beetles was significantly different between pine forest types (F = 89.23, p < 0.001). The population of ambrosia beetles was the highest in the protected pine forest, and the lowest one was identified in the non-tapped pine forest and the pine forest-based agroforestry. Based on the pine forest types, the highest number of ambrosia beetle species was in the protected pine forest (13 species), and the lowest one was in the pine forest-based agroforestry (7 species). The highest and the lowest numbers of ambrosia beetles were in the protected pine forest site 2 (11 species) and in the pine forest–based agroforestry site 2 & the non-tapped pine forest site 1 (3 species). The highest dissimilarity was shown by the highest distances between the pine forest-based agroforestry site 1 and the non-tapped pine forest site 1 based on the Jaccard distance. The stand-age, humidity, and temperature potentially effected the number of ambrosia beetle individuals and species. The elevation also indicated to influence the number of ambrosia beetle individuals however it isn’t happened on the number of ambrosia beetle species. This study contributes to identify the suitable pine forest types related to the ambrosia beetle management.

Mapping the thunderstorm electrical structure could provide an effective way for lightning-sensitive facilities protection, such as aircraft and maritime assets. However, the weather radar that is normally used to forecast storms and rainfall mainly detects precipitation in the atmosphere and indicates the existence of liquid raindrops and ice particles by reflectivity. Here, we use intra-cloud events of eight thunderstorm days in the warm season, which are detected by VLF/LF Total Lightning monitoring system, to reveal the thunderstorm electrical structures in the 300 × 300 km area of the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region. The differences in height range in four types of time intervals and three types of intro-cloud events proportions are compared on 16 May. With the proportion between 20% and 80% in the time interval of 15 min, the height distribution and the electrical structure of eight thunderstorm days are clearly exhibited. The positive IC events lie in the average height between 7.5 and 12.4 km, while the negative IC events are located between 5.3 and 11.7 km. The electrical structures show the variations during the evolution process, with a dipole structure in most circumstances, while temporary reversions are identified in the initial and the dissipating stage of thunderstorms, presenting the inverted dipole and the tripole structures.

During the periparturient period, dairy cows suffer drastic metabolic stress because of plasma increased non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) that stem from a negative energy balance. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a hepatokine that activates the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway to maintain intracellular energy balance and tissue integrity via the promotion of catabolism and the inhibition of anabolic regulation. FGF21 treatment caused a 50% reduction in triglyceride (TG) content in liver in dairy cows. However, it is not clear whether FGF21 regulates lipid metabolism in bovine liver. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of FGF21 on lipid metabolism via AMPK signaling in bovine hepatocytes. The hepatocytes isolated from calves were treated with different concentrations of FGF21 or co-treated with AMPK inhibitor (BML-275). Herein, the study showed that FGF21 significantly reduced TG content in a dose–response manner and promoted very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) secretion via an up-regulation of the proteins (ApoB 100, ApoE and MTTP) involved in VLDL secretion. Otherwise, the genes associated with lipid transport (LDLR and CD36) and lipid oxidation (PPARGC1A, ACOX1 and CPT1A), were up-regulated following FGF21 treatment. Moreover, FGF21 treatment inhibited lipogenesis via SREBF1, ACACA, FASN and ACLY inhibition. After being co-treated with the AMPK inhibitor, FGF21-induced changes were reversed in some genes. In conclusion, these results indicate that FGF21 adaptively regulates energy metabolism for a negative impact on lipogenesis, strengthens lipid oxidation, and inhibited lipid transportation via AMPK signaling in bovine hepatocytes. The present data suggest the possibility that FGF21 has potential value in alleviating perinatal metabolic diseases in dairy cows, and specific research in vivo should be studied in more detail.

Abstract Background During peripartum period, dairy cows are highly susceptible to energy metabolism disorders such as fatty liver and ketosis. Angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), known as hepatokines, play important roles in lipid metabolism. The purposes of our study were to evaluate variations of serum ANGPTL4 and FGF21 concentrations in periparturient dairy cows and changes in these serum analyte concentrations of energy-related metabolic disorders in early lactation dairy cows. This study was divided into two experiments. Experiment I: Blood parameters were measured in healthy periparturient Holstein cows from 4 wk antepartum to 4 wk postpartum (n = 219). In this experiment, weekly blood samples were obtained from 4 wk before the expected calving date through 4 wk after calving. Experiment II: Blood parameters were measured in healthy cows (n = 30) and cows with clinical ketosis (n = 29) and fatty liver (n = 25) within the first 4 wk of lactation. In the present study, all blood samples were collected from the coccygeal vein in the early morning before feeding. Results Serum ANGPTL4 and FGF21 concentrations peaked at parturition, and declined rapidly over the following 2 wk Serum ANGPTL4 and FGF21 concentrations were positively correlated with serum non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) concentration (r = 0.856, P = 003; r = 0.848, P = 0.004, respectively). Cows with clinical ketosis and fatty liver had significantly higher serum ANGPTL4 and FGF21 concentrations than healthy cows (P

Background/Aims: The genetics of human height is a frequently studied and complex issue. However, there is limited genetic research of short stature. To uncover the subgroup of patients to have higher yield and to propose a simplified diagnostic algorithm in the next generation era. Methods: This study included 114 Chinese children with height SDS ≤ -2.5 and unknown etiology from 2014 to 2015. Target/whole exome sequencing (referred as NGS) and chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) were performed on the enrolled patients sequentially to identify potential genetic etiologies. The samples solved by NGS and CMA were retrospectively studied to evaluate the clinical pathway of the patients following a standard diagnostic algorithm. Results: In total, a potential genetic etiology was identified in 41 (36%) patients: 38 by NGS (33.3%), two by CMA (1.8%), and an additional one by both (0.9%). There were 46 different variants in 29 genes and 2 pathogenic CNVs identified. The diagnostic yield was significantly higher in patients with facial dysmorphism or skeletal abnormalities than those without the corresponding phenotype (P=0.006 and P=0.009, respectively, Pearson’s χ2 test). Retrospectively study the cohort indicate 83.3% patients eventually would be evaluated by NGS/CMA. Conclusion: This study confirms the utility of high-throughput molecular detection techniques for the etiological diagnosis of undiagnosed short stature and suggests that NGS could be used as a primary diagnostic strategy. Patients with facial dysmorphism and/or skeletal abnormalities are more likely to have a known genetic etiology. Moving NGS forward would simplified the diagnostic algorithm.

Abstract Background Histone deacetylases (HDACs) play a critical role in modulating myocardial protection and cardiomyocyte survivals. However, Specific HDAC isoforms in mediating myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury remain currently unknown. We used cardiomyocyte-specific overexpression of active HDAC4 to determine the functional role of activated HDAC4 in regulating myocardial ischemia and reperfusion in isovolumetric perfused hearts. Methods In this study, we created myocyte-specific active HDAC4 transgenic mice to examine the functional role of active HDAC4 in mediating myocardial I/R injury. Ventricular function was determined in the isovolumetric heart, and infarct size was determined using tetrazolium chloride staining. Results Myocyte-specific overexpressing activated HDAC4 in mice promoted myocardial I/R injury, as indicated by the increases in infarct size and reduction of ventricular functional recovery following I/R injury. Notably, active HDAC4 overexpression led to an increase in LC-3 and active caspase 3 and decrease in SOD-1 in myocardium. Delivery of chemical HDAC inhibitor attenuated the detrimental effects of active HDAC4 on I/R injury, revealing the pivotal role of active HDAC4 in response to myocardial I/R injury. Conclusions Taken together, these findings are the first to define that activated HDAC4 as a crucial regulator for myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury.

The demonstration of pure organic room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) luminogens with complementary emission is a key requirement for developing low-cost white light emitters. Here, the authors construct RTP-active organic salt compounds by exchanging the counterion with a heavy halide ion.

Abstract High power vacuum electronic devices of millimeter wave to terahertz regime are attracting extensive interests due to their potential applications in science and technologies. In this paper, the design and experimental results of a powerful compact oversized surface wave oscillator (SWO) in Y-band are presented. The cylindrical slow wave structure (SWS) with rectangular corrugations and large diameter about 6.8 times the radiation wavelength is proposed to support the surface wave interacting with annular relativistic electron beam. By choosing appropriate beam parameters, the beam-wave interaction takes place near the π-point of TM01 mode dispersion curve, giving high coupling impedance and temporal growth rate compared with higher TM0n modes. The fundamental mode operation of the device is verified by the particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation results, which also indicate its capability of tens of megawatts power output in the Y-band. Finally, a compact experimental setup is completed to validate our design. Measurement results show that a terahertz pulse with frequency in the range of 0.319–0.349 THz, duration of about 2 ns and radiation power of about 2.1 MW has been generated.

In order to identify the faults of rolling bearing of wind turbines, the variational modal decomposition (VMD) was combined with two methods, including calculation order tracking (COT) and reversed sequence squared envelope spectrum (RE-SES), to carry out the envelope order analysis. The non-stationary signals in time domain were converted into stationary signals in angle domain by equal angle sampling. And the bearing fault characteristic information was obtained by envelope method. The results show that the modulation order of amplitude modulation signal can be extracted more effectively by VMD combined with RE-SES envelope order method. The VMD filter could make the fault feature order more prominent, and it is easy to identify the fault, and it provide reference for the fault diagnosis of rolling bearing of wind turbine under variable speed condition.

In this paper, a two-layer model for islanded microgrids with communication constraints is proposed, where a key component of the model is a top layer communication network composed of agents over the bottom layer microgrid. Agents on the communication network collect present states of distributed generators to which they connect and exchange information with neighbors according to the asynchronous communication protocol. Furthermore, a systematic method is presented to derive a set of control laws for agents from a given communication network. However, communication constraints, such as packet losses, may occur on the communication network. Therefore, a power estimation term is employed and added into the control laws in order to alleviate the negative impact on the performance. Furthermore, two theorems are proved, which ensure the power balance in the system and the proportional outputs of distributed generators, while the proposition gives the convergence of the control laws with the power estimation term. Finally, simulations are carried out and the results show that the fluctuations of the frequency and voltage are small and meet the requirements, when fluctuations of load demand and environmental conditions are considered. Moreover, the proportional outputs of distributed generators still can be achieved, even if the probability of packet losses is high.

The economic dispatch in islanded microgrids (MGs) is a thorny problem due to the low equivalent inertia and the uncertainty of environmental conditions. In this paper, a two-layer model is proposed for economic dispatch in islanded MGs, in which an MG is considered as the lower layer, while a communication network is considered as the upper layer. Furthermore, a systematic method is presented to derive fully distributed control laws from any given communication network. On the communication network, there are two subgraphs, G̃ and Ĝ, one of which consists of all agents, while the other of which consists of only controllable agents. Correspondingly, two sets of control laws are derived from the two subgraphs, where the control laws from the subgraph G̃ ensure the supply-demand balance in the MG, while the control laws from the subgraph Ĝ realize the economic dispatch. Moreover, the economic operation in MGs can be satisfied, only if agents on the communication network regulate distributed generators iteratively according to the control laws. Finally, three cases are designed to evaluate the performance of the method, and the simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

The present study was conducted regarding four acute-phase proteins (APPs) including C-reactive protein (CRP), ceruloplasmin (CP), serum amyloid A (SAA), and haptoglobin (HP) in dairy goats during the periparturient period. The aim of this study was to detect the changes in APPs in plasma during the periparturient period of healthy dairy goats. Guanzhong dairy goats with no other symptoms (n = 15) were selected on the basis of their blood calcium (Ca) and β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) concentration. The plasma was collected once a week for ±3 weeks delivery. The concentrations of the four APPs mentioned above were determined using goat-specific ELISA kits. The results showed the CRP level in plasma decreased from 3 weeks to 1 week antepartum and increased later until 1 week postpartum and then decreased to a similar level with antepartum between 1 and 3 weeks postpartum. The content of CP showed a decline in 3 weeks before parturition and an upward trend between 1 week antepartum and 3 weeks postpartum. The SAA concentration decreased from 3 weeks antepartum to 2 weeks postpartum and rebounded later. The level of HP decreased during 3 weeks before parturition and increased until 1 week postpartum, then reached a stable value. Clear variation range and rules of APPs contribute to perinatal health monitoring of dairy goats.

During the perinatal period, the abnormally high plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) concentration caused by the negative energy balance (NEB) can impose a significant metabolic stress on the liver of dairy cows. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is an important adaptive response that can serve to maintain cell homeostasis in the event of stress. The protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) pathway is the most rapidly activated cascade when ER stress occurs in cells and has an important impact on the regulation of hepatic lipid metabolism and autophagy modulation. However, it is unknown whether NEFA can affect autophagy through modulating the PERK pathway, under NEB conditions. In this study, we provide evidence that NEFA treatment markedly increased lipid accumulation, the phosphorylation level of PERK and eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α), and the expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (Grp78), activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP). More importantly, NEFA treatment can cause a substantial increase in the protein levels of autophagy-related gene 7 (ATG7), Beclin-1 (BECN1), sequestosome-1 (p62), and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3)-II, and in the number of autophagosomes in primary bovine hepatocytes. The addition of GSK2656157 (PERK phosphorylation inhibitor) can significantly inhibit the effect of NEFA on autophagy and can further increase lipid accumulation. Overall, our results indicate that NEFA could promote autophagy via the PERK pathway in bovine hepatocytes. These findings provide novel evidence about the potential role of the PERK signaling pathway in maintaining bovine hepatocyte homeostasis.

The formation of the irregular γ′ precipitates in the nickel-based superalloy Waspaloy was investigated during the continuous cooling, which is relevant to the cooling rates and interrupted temperature. The morphology of the γ′ precipitates was observed to change from a dispersed sphere to the flower-like one with the decreasing of the cooling rates. It was found that there are three modes of transportation of the solute atoms involved in relation to the γ′ precipitates: dissolution from the small γ′ precipitates to the γ matrix, diffusion to the large γ′ precipitates from the matrix, and the short distance among γ′ precipitates close to each other. Meanwhile, the slower cooling rates tend to result in the serrated grain boundaries, and the wavelength between successive peaks (λ) and the maximum amplitude (A) are larger with the decreasing of the cooling rates. The content of the low ΣCSL boundaries increases with the decreasing of the cooling rates, which is of great benefit in improving the creep property of the Waspaloy.

Carbon and oxygen isotopes of marine carbonate rocks or fossil shells could indicate global sea-level relative change. Generally, heavier carbon isotopes or lighter oxygen isotopes reflected rise of global sea-level relative changes, and vice versa. For carbonate rocks deposited before Tertiary, carbon isotope was more stable than oxygen isotope, and thus it was more suitable to indicate global sea-level relative fluctuation. Within time limit of the 3rd-order sequence (1-10Ma), large scale migration of carbonate platforms would not occur and carbonate productivity would not change greatly, therefore, a research method of marine tectonic sequence (i.e, a contrastive analysis method of carbon and oxygen isotopes-sedimentary cycles) was proposed. Thus, the marine 3rd-order sequences were divided the global sea-level sequence which was controlled by global sea-level change and the tectonic sequence which was controlled by regional tectonic subsidence and uplift. The global sea-level fluctuation indicated by carbon and oxygen isotopes were consistent with variation of sedimentary cycles and water depth of the global sea-level sequence, but were not consistent with variation of sedimentary cycles and water depth of the tectonic sequence. As a case study of Ordovician in Tarim Basin, two 3rd-order global sea-level sequences were identified in the Lower Ordovician, while six 3rd-order tectonic sequences controlled by collision and compression between Arkin island arc, Kudi active continental margin uplift and Tarim Plate were identified in the Middle and Upper Ordovician. Particularly, OSQ6 in the Upper Ordovician (Lianglitage Formation) was a typical tectonic sequence. Keywords: The global sea-level sequence, The tectonic sequence, The 3rd-order sequence, Carbon and oxygen isotope, Lianglitage Formation, Ordovician, Tarim Basin