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AgNbO3 has a potential for high power capacitors due to its antiferroelectric characteristics. Here, the authors achieve multilayer capacitors with energy-storage density of 14 J·cm−3 by heterovalent-doping-enabled atom-displacement fluctuation.

Understanding the mechanisms and spatial correlations of crystallographic symmetry breaking in ferroelectric materials is essential to tuning their functional properties. While optical second harmonic generation (SHG) has long been utilized in ferroelectric studies, its capability for probing complex polar materials has yet to be fully realized. Here, we develop a SHG spectral imaging method implemented on a home-designed laser-scanning SHG microscope, and demonstrate its application for a model system of (K,Na)NbO3 single crystals. Supervised model fitting analysis produces comprehensive information about the polarization vector orientations and relative fractions of constituent domain variants as well as their thermal evolution across the polymorphic phase transitions. Multiple domains and phases are clearly delineated at different temperatures, suggesting the phase competitions in (K,Na)NbO3. Besides, we show that unsupervised matrix decomposition analysis can quickly and faithfully reveal domain configurations without a priori knowledge about specific material systems. The SHG spectral imaging method can be readily extended to other ferroelectric materials with potentials to be further enhanced.

Ultrafine-grained (Sm0.2Gd0.2Dy0.2Er0.2Yb0.2)2Zr2O7 high-entropy zirconates with single fluorite structure have been fabricated by high-pressure sintering of the self-synthesized nanopowders for the first time. The as-sintered samples exhibit a good microstructure with a grain size of 220 nm and a relative density of 96.8%, which yield excellent comprehensive mechanical properties with a high Vickers hardness of 12.5 GPa and a high fracture toughness of 3.4 MPa·m1/2. In addition, the as-sintered samples possess a good thermostability with the grain growth rate of 30 nm/h, and a low thermal conductivity of 1.57 W·m−1·°C−1 at room temperature. The superior mechanical and thermal properties are primarily attributed to the “high-entropy” and grain-refinement effects and good interface bonding.

ObjectiveThe relationship between serum selenium levels and papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), especially the pathological features, still remains controversial. We conducted this study to investigate the relationship between serum selenium levels and PTC in a Chinese population.MethodsCross-sectional data of 284 patients with PTC were collected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University. The general clinical characteristics, serum selenium levels, and tumor pathological features were described in PTC. The association between serum selenium levels and pathological features in PTC was analyzed using SPSS 26.0 statistical software.ResultsOur results showed that the median serum selenium level was 79.15 μg/L (IQR: 71.00 - 86.98 μg/L) in PTC patients. Serum selenium levels were lower in females than males (p = 0.035). Serum selenium levels were negatively correlated with the number of lymph node metastases (p = 0.048). High serum selenium (OR = 0.397, 95%CI: 0.217 - 0.725) and diastolic blood pressure (OR = 1.028, 95%CI: 1.005 - 1.051) were related factors for the incidence of bilateral tumors. High serum selenium (OR = 0.320, 95%CI: 0.166 - 0.617) and diastolic blood pressure (OR = 1.066, 95%CI: 1.031 - 1.103) were related factors for tumor multifocal incidence.ConclusionsThe serum selenium levels of PTC patients in females were lower than males. High serum selenium levels might be a protective factor in PTC patients. Further research is necessary to better understand the influence of selenium on PTC progression.

Background: ShenQiWan is commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy, which is closely related to mitochondrial fusion and endoplasmic reticulum stress. This study aimed to investigate the intervention effect and molecular mechanisms of ShenQiWan on renal injury in KKAy mice.Methods: C57BL/6J mice (11 weeks old) were fed a regular diet upon arrival, while KKAy mice (11 weeks old) were fed a high-fat diet upon arrival. At 12 weeks of age, KKAy mice with random blood glucose ≥13.9 mmol/L were identified as diabetic mice and randomly divided into the model group (n = 30) and the treatment group (n = 30), while C57BL/6J mice of 12 weeks old (n = 30) served as the control group. The treatment group received daily aqueous decoction of ShenQiWan (13.5 g/kg), while the control group and model group received daily equal amounts of saline from 12 weeks old to 24 weeks old. The general status of mice was observed regularly, and fasting blood glucose and 24-hour urine microalbumin were measured. Ten mice were euthanized in each group at the age of 16, 20, and 24 weeks, serum samples were used for biochemical indexes and kidney tissues were used for morphological studies. GRP78, OPA1, MFN1, MFN2 mRNA and protein expression were detected by Real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry and Western blot.Results: The mice in the model group exhibited symptoms of lethargy, slow movement, obesity, polyuria and proteinuria. Morphological observation revealed pathological changes, including thickening of the glomerular basement membrane and interstitial fibrosis. After treatment with ShenQiWan, the fasting blood glucose level of KKAy mice was significantly reduced, urinary albuminuria was decreased, serum biochemical indexes were improved, renal tissue pathological changes were significantly alleviated. The results also showed a significant reduction in the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related factor GRP78 and an increase in the expression of mitochondrial fusion-related factors OPA1, MFN1 and MFN2 after treatment with ShenQiWan.Conclusion: ShenQiWan can protect diabetic mice from renal damage by modulating mitochondrial fusion and alleviating endoplasmic reticulum stress, exerting its protective effects.

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of adding tea tree oil (TTO) in the basal diet on growth performance, immune function, and intestinal function in broilers. This study utilized 1,650 one-day-old broilers with good health and similar body weight. Subjects were randomized into 5 groups with 6 replicates each: the control group (CON, basal diet), positive control group (PCG, basal diet + 100 mg/kg oregano oil in diet), low-dose TTO group (TTO-L, 50 mg/kg TTO added in the basal diet), medium-dose TTO group (TTO-M, 100 mg/kg TTO added in the basal diet), and high-dose TTO group (TTO-H, 200 mg/kg TTO added in the basal diet). The whole test period lasted 28 d. The results showed that the broilers fed with TTO supplemented diet had significantly higher body weight and average daily gain (ADG) (P = 0.013), and had a lower feed conversion ratio (F/G) (P = 0.010) throughout the trial period. The index of thymus in TTO-M increased significantly compared to CON (P = 0.015) on d 28. On d 14 and 28, C3, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-2 levels in TTO-L serum were significantly increased (P < 0.001); the 3 test groups supplemented with TTO had significantly higher titers of avian influenza H9 subtype in their serum (P < 0.05). Tea tree oil supplement in the diet also had a positive and significant effect on the intestinal morphology of broilers throughout the experiment (P < 0.05). These results indicate that TTO has the ability to promote broiler growth, regulate immunity, and improve intestinal morphology. The proposed dosage of adding 50 mg/kg in broiler basal diets provides a theoretical basis for its subsequent use in livestock feeds.

Prudent wound-healing strategies hold great potential in expediting tissue renovation and regeneration. Despite the widespread adoption of hydrogels as preferred carriers for wound healing patches, achieving optimal mechanical compatibility and superior wound performance remains a formidable challenge. Consequently, meticulous attention must be given to the formulation of hydrogel structure and materials design to overcome these hurdles. In response, we have developed an ePatch composed of polyacrylamide (PAAM) as the primary hydrogel structure, augmented with MXene, silver nanowires (AgNWs), and resveratrol to act as sustained-release agents, structural enhancers, and antibacterial agents, respectively. Notably, the ePatch exhibited exceptional wound-fitting capabilities and impressive mechanical stretchability (with a relative standard deviation [RSD] of only 1.36% after 55 stretches) and Young’s modulus. In contrast to the commercial 3M Tegaderm, the ePatch demonstrated superior wound healing properties, with the inclusion of MXene into PAAM/AgNWs playing a pivotal role in expanding the ePatch’s potential use across various interconnected fields.

BackgroundMachine learning is a potentially effective method for identifying and predicting the time of the onset of stroke. However, the value of applying machine learning in this field remains controversial and debatable. ObjectiveWe aimed to assess the value of applying machine learning in predicting the time of stroke onset. MethodsPubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane were comprehensively searched. The C index and sensitivity with 95% CI were used as effect sizes. The risk of bias was evaluated using PROBAST (Prediction Model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool), and meta-analysis was conducted using R (version 4.2.0; R Core Team). ResultsThirteen eligible studies were included in the meta-analysis involving 55 machine learning models with 41 models in the training set and 14 in the validation set. The overall C index was 0.800 (95% CI 0.773-0.826) in the training set and 0.781 (95% CI 0.709-0.852) in the validation set. The sensitivity and specificity were 0.76 (95% CI 0.73-0.80) and 0.79 (95% CI 0.74-0.82) in the training set and 0.81 (95% CI 0.68-0.90) and 0.83 (95% CI 0.73-0.89) in the validation set, respectively. Subgroup analysis revealed that the accuracy of machine learning in predicting the time of stroke onset within 4.5 hours was optimal (training: 0.80, 95% CI 0.77-0.83; validation: 0.79, 95% CI 0.71-0.86). ConclusionsMachine learning has ideal performance in identifying the time of stroke onset. More reasonable image segmentation and texture extraction methods in radiomics should be used to promote the value of applying machine learning in diverse ethnic backgrounds. Trial RegistrationPROSPERO CRD42022358898; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/Prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=358898

Anti-tumor drug resistance is a challenge for human triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) treatment. Our previous work demonstrated that TNFAIP2 activates RAC1 to promote TNBC cell proliferation and migration. However, the mechanism by which TNFAIP2 activates RAC1 is unknown. In this study, we found that TNFAIP2 interacts with IQGAP1 and Integrin β4. Integrin β4 activates RAC1 through TNFAIP2 and IQGAP1 and confers DNA damage-related drug resistance in TNBC. These results indicate that the Integrin β4/TNFAIP2/IQGAP1/RAC1 axis provides potential therapeutic targets to overcome DNA damage-related drug resistance in TNBC.

Rare ginsenosides have already been widely applied in many fields, including health food and bio-medicine. The human being can expose to rare ginsenosides directly or indirectly increasingly. However, there are few studies on the safety assessment of rare ginsenoside mixtures. In the present study, the sub-chronic toxicity of rare ginsenosides for 90 days on SD rats was performed by combining the intestinal flora analysis and urine metabonomics aiming to illustrate the safety of long-term consumption of rare ginsenosides and the potential damage for liver and intestinal. 48 adult rats were divided into four groups: control (0 mg/kg), low-dose (60 mg/kg), medium-dose (200 mg/kg), and high-dose (600 mg/kg). Rats in the high-dose group showed inflammatory changes in their livers and intestines. The strong bactericidal effect of rare ginsenosides caused intestinal flora disorder and changed the structure of intestinal flora in rats, thus inducing intestinal damage in rats. In the high-dose group, levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) increased significantly. As a result of the high-dose treatment, certain metabolic pathways were altered, such as vitamin B6 metabolism, methionine metabolism, glutathione metabolism, and others. These results indicated that high doses of rare ginsenosides induced liver injury by affecting the above metabolic pathways. Rare ginsenosides with no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) were below 200 mg/kg/day in vivo. Thus, this present study provides insight into the rational use of rare ginsenosides.

To illustrate the essential role of Apis cerana Fabricius in plant pollination, a survey was conducted using PCR, DNA barcoding, and high-throughput sequencing technologies to assess the diversity of plants foraged by A. cerana at five sites around Qinling Mountains. A fragment of the rbcL gene in pollen isolated from honey collected at each site was amplified and sequenced. The results show that samples BJ and TC, samples FP and AK have a high correlation, respectively. According to the information of a total of 64 plant species identified in the five sites, belonging to 53 genera, 37 families, and 23 orders, it is found that there is a relatively high diversity and complex composition of nectar and pollen plants and that most of the plants are sporadically available. The identified species show higher occurrence in some orders, such as Sapindales, Rosales, etc. There are significantly more plants of temperate origin than those of tropical origin, 58.5% and 34.0%, respectively. Some species of Rosales or Sapindales are more visited by A. cerana, with Toxicodendron vernicifluum (Stokes) being the dominant species. These results provide a basis for assessing the role of A. cerana in plant pollination and maintaining biodiversity.

Objective: Glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 is an incretin hormone that acts after food intake to stimulate insulin production, enhance satiety, and promote weight loss. Here we describe the discovery and characterization of ecnoglutide (XW003), a novel GLP-1 analog. Methods: We engineered a series of GLP-1 peptide analogs with an alanine to valine substitution (Ala8Val) and a γGlu-2xAEEA linked C18 diacid fatty acid at various positions. Ecnoglutide was selected and characterized in GLP-1 receptor signaling assays in vitro, as well as in db/db mice and a diet induced obese (DIO) rat model. A Phase 1, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, single (SAD) and multiple ascending dose (MAD) study was conducted to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of subcutaneous ecnoglutide injection in healthy participants. SAD doses ranged from 0.03 to 1.0 mg; MAD doses ranged from 0.2 to 0.6 mg once weekly for 6 weeks (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04389775). Results: In vitro, ecnoglutide potently induced cAMP (EC50 = 0.018 nM) but not GLP-1 receptor internalization (EC50 > 10 μM), suggesting a desirable signaling bias. In rodent models, ecnoglutide significantly reduced blood glucose, promoted insulin induction, and led to more pronounced body weight reduction compared to semaglutide. In a Phase 1 trial, ecnoglutide was generally safe and well tolerated as a once-weekly injection for up to 6 weeks. Adverse events included decreased appetite, nausea, and headache. The half-life at steady state ranged from 124 to 138 h, supporting once-weekly dosing. Conclusions: Ecnoglutide showed a favorable potency, pharmacokinetic, and tolerability profile, as well as a simplified manufacturing process. These results support the continued development of ecnoglutide for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity.

There has been a surge of research interest in the promising lead-free potassium−sodium niobate (KNN)-based ceramics, applications of which could be significantly promoted by improving thermal stability of piezoelectricity. Besides, endowing the KNN-based ceramics with photoluminescence property by rare-earth-ion doping can make them more completive lead-free counterparts in potential applications such as novel multifunctional sensing devices. Herein, a novel KNN-based ceramic material doped with Eu was elaborately designed to simultaneously obtain enhanced temperature-stable piezoelectricity and good luminescence property. By the introduction of diffused phase transition and the modulation of unit cell distortion, a large piezoelectric strain coefficient (d*33) with a small variation (590±59 pm/V) over a wide temperature range (from room temperature to 110 ℃) was realized. The optimal composition also exhibited a considerable piezoelectric coefficient (d33) with small fluctuation (330±33 pC/N) from 20 to 80 ℃. In addition to the enhanced temperature-stable piezoelectricity, the luminescence of these ceramics was slightly enhanced with the elevation of BaZrO3 (BZ) doping contents, which could be attributed to the increased compositional disorder and the decreased unit cell distortion of the matrix material. Moreover, an optical characteristic was more prominent at ultra-low temperatures. This work unprecedentedly provides a novel paradigm for the design of multifunctional KNN-based ceramics with enhanced temperature-stable piezoelectricity and good luminescence property, revealing the great potential of the rare-earth-element-doped KNN material for future applications in the novel multifunctional devices.

A3BO7-type (A = rare earth (RE), B = Nb or Ta) oxides have been studied as protective coating materials because of their low thermal conductivity; however, their hardness, toughness, and stiffness are insufficient, particularly for members with webeirte-type structures. In this work, we have synthesized two high-entropy oxides (HEOs) of weberite-type RE niobates/tantalates (RE3Nb/TaO7), i.e., (Nd1/7Sm1/7Eu1/7Gd1/7Dy1/7Ho1/7Er1/7)3NbO7 (7HEOs-Nb) and (Nd1/7Sm1/7Eu1/7Gd1/7Dy1/7Ho1/7Er1/7)3(Nb1/2Ta1/2)O7 (7HEOs-NbTa), to overcome the mechanical deficiencies. The short- and long-range ordered arrangements of RE cations in the A-site and Nb/Ta cations in the B-site were identified by the X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDS), and transmission electron microscopy. The enhancements in hardness (H = 9.4 GPa) and fracture toughness (KIC = 2.0 MPa·m1/2) were realized by grain refinement, solid solution strengthening, and high stiffness (K). The exceptional phase stability at 25−1500 ℃, amorphous thermal conductivity (k = 1.5−1.7 W·m−1·K−1 at 25−900 ℃), and high thermal expansion coefficients (TEC > 11.0×10−6 K−1 at 1500 ℃) further supported their potential application as protective coating materials.

Abstract Background Workplace violence (WPV) is considered a global problem, particularly in the health sector; however, no studies have assessed the national prevalence of WPV against emergency physicians and the associated factors in China. Methods A national cross-sectional survey was conducted in 31 provinces/autonomous regions/municipalities across China between July 2019 and September 2019. A total of 15 455 emergency physicians were selected using a multistage stratified random sampling method. A structured self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information on WPV and potential associated factors among emergency physicians. Descriptive and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify the predictors of WPV. Results A total of 14 848 emergency physicians responded effectively (effective response rate: 96.07%). Of the respondents, 90.40%, 51.45%, and 90.00% reported exposure to any type of WPV, physical or nonphysical violence in the preceding year, respectively. Verbal aggression (87.25%) was the most common form of violence, followed by threat (71.09%), physical assault (48.24%), verbal sexual harassment (38.13%), and sexual assault (19.37%). Patients’ families were the main perpetrators of these incidents. Unmet patient needs, taking drugs or drinking, and long waiting times were the main contributors to WPV. Physicians who were from low-developed regions, female, and without shift work were less likely to have experienced any type of WPV. Chinese emergency physicians who were from medium-developed regions, had a bachelor’s degree, worked in a higher level hospital, had a higher professional title, with lower incomes, had a history of hypertension or coronary heart disease, were smokers or drinkers, and worked in hospitals without preventive measures or training for WPV and not encouraging to report WPV were more likely to have experienced any type of WPV. The predictors of WPV varied in different types of WPV. Conclusions This study shows that the prevalence of WPV against emergency physicians is high in China. Measures should be taken at the physicians, patients, hospital, and national levels to protect GPs from WPV; for example, improving physicians’ level of service and hospital’ reporting procedures. Creating a prevention strategy and providing a safer workplace environment for emergency physicians should be prioritized.

Abstract Background Both immune-reaction and lncRNAs play significant roles in the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of ovarian cancer (OC). In this study, we aimed to construct an immune-related lncRNA risk model for patients with OC. Method Single sample GSEA (ssGSEA) algorithm was used to analyze the proportion of immune cells in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the hclust algorithm was used to conduct immune typing according to the proportion of immune cells for OC patients. The stromal and immune scores were computed utilizing the ESTIMATE algorithm. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analyses were utilized to detect immune cluster-related lncRNAs. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was conducted for lncRNA selection. The selected lncRNAs were used to construct a prognosis-related risk model, which was then validated in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and in vitro validation. Results We identify two subtypes based on the ssGSEA analysis, high immunity cluster (immunity_H) and low immunity cluster (immunity_L). The proportion of patients in immunity_H cluster was significantly higher than that in immunity_L cluster. The ESTIMATE related scores are relative high in immunity_H group. Through WGCNA and LASSO analyses, we identified 141 immune cluster-related lncRNAs and found that these genes were mainly enriched in autophagy. A signature consisting of 7 lncRNAs, including AL391832.3, LINC00892, LINC02207, LINC02416, PSMB8.AS1, AC078788.1 and AC104971.3, were selected as the basis for classifying patients into high- and low-risk groups. Survival analysis and area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the signature pointed out that this risk model had high accuracy in predicting the prognosis of patients with OC. We also conducted the drug sensitive prediction and found that rapamycin outperformed in patient with high risk score. In vitro experiments also confirmed our prediction. Conclusions We identified 7 immune-related prognostic lncRNAs that effectively predicted survival in OC patients. These findings may offer a valuable indicator for clinical stratification management and personalized therapeutic options for these patients.

In this paper, we introduce some monotonicity rules for the ratio of integrals. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the function $-T_{\nu ,\alpha ,\beta }(s)$ is completely monotonic in $s$ and absolutely monotonic in $\nu $ if and only if $\beta \ge 1$, where $T_{\nu ,\alpha ,\beta }(s)=K_{\nu }^2(s)-\beta K_{\nu -\alpha }(s)K_{\nu +\alpha }(s)$ defined on $s>0$ and $K_{\nu }(s)$ is the modified Bessel function of the second kind of order $\nu $. Finally, we determine the necessary and sufficient conditions for the functions $s \mapsto T_{\mu ,\alpha ,1}(s)/T_{\nu ,\alpha ,1}(s)$, $s \mapsto (T_{\mu ,\alpha ,1}(s) + T_{\nu ,\alpha ,1}(s))/(2T_{(\mu +\nu )/2,\alpha ,1}(s))$, and $s \mapsto \frac{\mathrm{d}^{n_1}}{\mathrm{d} \nu ^{n_1}} T_{\nu ,\alpha ,1}(s)/\frac{\mathrm{d}^{n_2}}{\mathrm{d} \nu ^{n_2}} T_{\nu ,\alpha ,1}(s)$ to be monotonic in $s\in (0,\infty )$ by employing the monotonicity rules.

Background: To investigate the incidence of falls in elderly in nursing homes and to determine the differences in confidence indexes of daily living in the Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC) in elderly fallers or nonfallers. Methods: We conducted a perspective study with elderly (ages >75 years old) from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2020, living in community nursing homes in Tongzhou district, Beijing. All the participants were able to walk independently, had not experienced any fall episodes, were capable of following commands, and they sufficiently cooperated with the process of the examination. A face-to-face visit or telephone interview was conducted with participants on a regular basis for 12 months. The falling incidence and the differences of ABC scale confidence indexes between fallers and nonfallers were investigated. Results: This study included 87 older adults (67 nonfall participants and 20 fall participants). Falls occurred at a rate of 23 per 100 people per year. The ABC scale index of the faller group was 37%, which indicated very low balance confidence and a high risk of falling. The ABC scale index of the nonfaller group was 80%, which indicated normal balance confidence and no risk of falling. There were significant differences in ABC scale indexes between the faller and nonfaller groups (37% vs. 80%, P = 0.005). There were significant differences in activities such as walking around the house, climbing up and down stairs, picking up slippers from floor, reaching on tiptoes, standing on a chair to reach, walking outside to a nearby car, getting in/out of a car, walking across a parking lot, walking up and down a ramp, walking in a crowded mall between two groups of people, walking in a crowd (risk of bumping into other people), going up an escalator without rail assistance, and walking on an icy sidewalk between the two groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Nursing homes have a high rate of falls among older adults. The ABC scale can assess balance confidence and the risk of falling in older adults. To reduce or prevent falls, health-care professionals should screen those who are at high risk of falling and enroll them in a fall prevention program.

The tuning of robotic prosthesis control is essential to provide personalized assistance to individual prosthesis users. Emerging automatic tuning algorithms have shown promise to ease the device personalization procedure. However, very few automatic tuning algorithms consider the user preference as the tuning goal, which may limit the adoptability of the robotic prosthesis. In this study, we propose and evaluate a novel prosthesis control tuning framework for a robotic knee prosthesis, which could enable user preferred robot behavior in the device tuning process. The framework consists of 1) a User-Controlled Interface that allows the user to select their preferred knee kinematics in gait and 2) a reinforcement learning-based algorithm for tuning high-dimension prosthesis control parameters to meet the desired knee kinematics. We evaluated the performance of the framework along with usability of the developed user interface. In addition, we used the developed framework to investigate whether amputee users can exhibit a preference between different profiles during walking and whether they can differentiate between their preferred profile and other profiles when blinded. The results showed effectiveness of our developed framework in tuning 12 robotic knee prosthesis control parameters while meeting the user-selected knee kinematics. A blinded comparative study showed that users can accurately and consistently identify their preferred prosthetic control knee profile. Further, we preliminarily examined gait biomechanics of the prosthesis users when walking with different prosthesis control and did not find clear difference between walking with preferred prosthesis control and when walking with normative gait control parameters. This study may inform future translation of this novel prosthesis tuning framework for home or clinical use.

Abstract Over the past few decades, more alcohol‐problem concerns focused on reducing the risk of hangover caused by the alcoholic beverages over‐consumption. Chinese distilled spirits (Baijiu) is one of the most favorite alcoholic beverages. The intention of this study is to explore the associations of main flavor components in Baijiu and hangover symptoms using mice acute alcohol withdrawal model. The behaviors of each mouse were assessed by open‐field tests using separate groups of mice with the treatment of sauce‐aroma Baijiu, light‐aroma Baijiu, strong‐aroma Baijiu, pure alcohol, and distilled water, respectively. The behavioral data including total move distance and immobile time were used as indicators for the evaluation of the liquor intoxicating effects. Alcohol and acetaldehyde concentrations in mice plasma and the neurotransmitter contents of GABA and Glu in mice cerebellum were detected afterward. The results showed that the mice with the treatment of Baijiu samples displayed unusual exciting behaviors including increased alcohol metabolization with alleviating drunken and hangover symptoms, compared with that of pure alcohol control groups after 2–4 h. Moreover, the sauce‐aroma Baijiu treatment group showed lessening intoxicated symptoms than those of light‐aroma Baijiu and strong‐aroma Baijiu. In addition, there were significant differences between Baijiu and pure alcohol treatment groups at the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABAergic levels and its receptor GABA‐AR1 activating levels in the mice neuron cells. Furthermore, the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) analysis inferred that the flavor compounds acetic acid, ethyl acetate, ethyl lactate, and 1‐propanol in the sauce‐aroma Baijiu were played the major roles in the drunk behaviors that caused by the hangover. While, the acetic acid in the sauce‐aroma Baijiu was speculated as a major flavor component to accelerate the alcohol metabolism and retard hangover symptoms.