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219. Environmental transfer parameters for radionuclides released from the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. Chapter 5 Forest ecosystems

Author

Hashimoto, Shoji, Komatsu, Masabumi, Imamura, Naohiro, Ohashi, Shinta, Kato, Hiroaki, Howard, B., Tagami, Keiko, Nishina, Kazuya, and al., et

Abstract

Approximately 70% of the territory affected by the Fukushima Daiichi accident is covered by forest (Fig. 5.1) [5.1]. Forests in Fukushima prefecture consist of about 0.34 million ha of forest plantations and 0.58 million ha of natural/semi natural forest. In this section, radiocaesium interception by tree canopy, transfer to tree and forest products (sansai, mushrooms and game animals), and mobility in tree and soil are described.

Published
2020

228. Crystal Structures and Conduction Paths of Sc-Doped CaTiO3Fast Oxide-Ion Conductors with Orthorhombic Symmetry

Author

Nomura, Katsuhiro, Hashimoto, Shin-ichi, Namioka, Tomoaki, Kato, Hiroaki, Hagiwara, Takeshi, and Hoshikawa, Akinori

Abstract

The crystal structures and electron density distributions (EDDs) of Ca-deficient Sc-doped CaTiO3fast oxide-ion conductors, Ca0.97(Ti0.97Sc0.03)O3−δ(CTS3) and Ca0.96(Ti0.9Sc0.1)O3−δ(CTS10), were investigated in the temperature range of 298–1173 K in N2to analyze the effect of composition on the perovskite structure and oxide-ion transport mechanism. CTS3 and CTS10 exhibited orthorhombic Pnmasymmetry in temperature ranges of 298–1173 K and 973–1173 K, respectively, with CTS10 exhibiting lower symmetry and reduction in oxide-ion conductivity below 973 K. The EDDs of CTS3 and CTS10 at 1173 K indicated unique chemical bonds and conduction paths. CTS3 and CTS10 showed covalent bonds between (Ti,Sc) and O1 (or O2) sites. CTS3, with a lower oxide-ion conductivity than that of CTS10, exhibited pseudo-one-dimensional (1D) zig-zag curved conduction paths for oxide-ions along the a-axis, unlike previously reported curved migration paths along the b-axis in CaTiO3, and chemical bonds between Ca and O1 sites, indicating oxide-ion conduction suppression. In CTS10, additional conduction paths were observed along the a-axis, forming three-dimensional (3D) zig-zag curved conduction paths in the ac-plane and along the b-axis, with the weakening of the chemical bonds between the Ca and O1 sites. The oxide-ion conductivity and mobile oxide-ion concentration of CTS10 were 3.6 and 2.0 times those of CTS3, respectively, at 1173 K; the higher oxide-ion conductivity of CTS10 could be attributed to an increase in the mobile oxide-ion concentration and mobility with a 1D to 3D change in the conduction paths and a weakening of chemical bonds between the Ca and O1 sites.

Published
2022
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234. A novel method of esophagogastrostomy by overlap anastomosis with placement of the remnant stomach into the lower mediastinum after laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy

Author

Yasuda, Atsushi, primary, Kimura, Yutaka, additional, Hiraki, Yoko, additional, Momose, Kota, additional, Kato, Hiroaki, additional, Shiraishi, Osamu, additional, Shinkai, Masayuki, additional, Imano, Motohiro, additional, Imamoto, Haruhiko, additional, and Yasuda, Takushi, additional

Published
2021
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238. Structural basis for gibberellin recognition by its receptor GID1

Author

Shimada, Asako, Ueguchi-Tanaka, Miyako, Nakatsu, Toru, Nakajima, Masatoshi, Naoe, Youichi, Ohmiya, Hiroko, Kato, Hiroaki, and Matsuoka, Makoto

Subjects
Gibberellins -- Structure -- Physiological aspects -- Research, Protein binding -- Physiological aspects -- Research, Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation, Structure, Physiological aspects, Research
Abstract

Gibberellins (GAs) are phytohormones essential for many developmental processes in plants (1). A nuclear GA receptor, GIBBERELLIN INSENSITIVE DWARF1 (GID1),has a primary structure similar to that of the hormone-sensitive lipases [...]

Published
2008

241. Nucleus Accumbens-Associated Protein 1 Binds DNA Directly through the BEN Domain in a Sequence-Specific Manner

Author

Nakayama, Naomi, primary, Sakashita, Gyosuke, additional, Nagata, Takashi, additional, Kobayashi, Naohiro, additional, Yoshida, Hisashi, additional, Park, Sam-Yong, additional, Nariai, Yuko, additional, Kato, Hiroaki, additional, Obayashi, Eiji, additional, Nakayama, Kentaro, additional, Kyo, Satoru, additional, and Urano, Takeshi, additional

Published
2020
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244. Lumi-Map, a Real-Time Luciferase Bioluminescence Screen of Mutants Combined with MutMap, Reveals Arabidopsis Genes Involved in PAMP-Triggered Immunity

Author

Kato, Hiroaki, primary, Onai, Kiyoshi, additional, Abe, Akira, additional, Shimizu, Motoki, additional, Takagi, Hiroki, additional, Tateda, Chika, additional, Utsushi, Hiroe, additional, Singkarabanit-Ogawa, Suthitar, additional, Kitakura, Saeko, additional, Ono, Erika, additional, Zipfel, Cyril, additional, Takano, Yoshitaka, additional, Ishiura, Masahiro, additional, and Terauchi, Ryohei, additional

Published
2020
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247. Reassessment of the in vivo functions of DNA polymerase I and RNase H in bacterial cell growth

Author

Fukushima, Sanae, Itaya, Mitsuhiro, Kato, Hiroaki, Ogasawara, Naotake, and Yoshikawa, Hirofumi

Subjects
DNA polymerases -- Physiological aspects, Primers (Molecular genetics) -- Physiological aspects, Bacterial growth -- Genetic aspects, Biological sciences
Abstract

A major factor in removing RNA primers during the processing of Okazaki fragments is DNA polymerase I (Pol I). Pol I is thought to remove the RNA primers and to fill the resulting gaps simultaneously. RNase H, encoded by rnh genes, is another factor in removing the RNA primers, and there is disagreement with respect to the essentiality of both the polA and rnh genes. In a previous study, we looked for the synthetic lethality of paralogs in Bacillus subtilis and detected several essential doublet paralogs, including the polA ypcP pair. YpcP consists of only the 5'-3' exonuclease domain. In the current study, we first confirmed that the polA genes of both Escherichia coli and B. subtilis could be completely deleted. We found that the 5'-3' exonuclease activity encoded by either polA or ypcP xni was required for the growth of B. subtilis and E. coli. Also, the 5'-3' exonuclease activity of Pol I was indispensable in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus. These results suggest that a 5'-3' exonuclease activity is essential in these organisms. Our success in constructing a B. subtilis strain that lacked all RNase H genes indicates that the enzymatic activity is dispensable, at least in the wild type. Increasing the 5'-3' exonuclease activity partially compensated for a defective phenotype of an Rnase H-deficient mutant, suggesting cooperative functions for the two enzyme systems. Our search for the distribution of the 5'-3' exonuclease domain among 250 bacterial genomes resulted in the finding that all eubacteria, but not archaea, possess this domain.

Published
2007

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