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Polyamides (PAs) are repeatedly exposed to environments of varying humidity throughout their service life. Due to their hygroscopic nature, moisture diffusion can alter the polymer properties, some...

BACKGROUND: This study examined the interactive effects of acculturation (host culture acquisition) and enculturation (heritage culture retention) on Latina/o caregivers’ beliefs about their child completing the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine series. METHODS: Participants were 161 caregiver-child dyads from Florida. Using multiple regression, caregiver knowledge and health beliefs (perceived threat, benefits, barriers, subjective norms, and self-efficacy) about series completion were predicted from caregivers’ scores on acculturation, enculturation, and their interaction, controlling for sociodemographics. RESULTS: Acculturation and enculturation interacted to predict knowledge, benefits, barriers, and self-efficacy. Caregivers with high acculturation scores generally supported series completion, regardless of their enculturation score. However, when acculturation was low, caregivers who retained more (vs. less) of their heritage culture were more knowledgeable and held more favorable beliefs about series completion. DISCUSSION: Findings highlight the importance of independently assessing acculturation and enculturation in Latina/o immigrant populations. Overlooking enculturation may lead to incomplete conclusions about acculturation and health.

The ‘hollow tree’ etymology for the ethnonym Kipchak is considered to be a folk etymology, and most of the scholars who treat of this subject have given into this mistake. In their search for alternative etymologies they proposed numerous terms, but they remain unconvincing suggestions. Here I show, convincingly I think, that Kipchak indeed means ‘hollow tree’. In Hebrew כַּף kaph means anything ‘hollow’, and עֵצָ֔ה etsah or etzah means a ‘tree’. Thus evidently the original form of the ethnonym Kipchak is the Hebrew term kaph tsah or kaph tzah, ‘hollow tree’. Oghuz Khagan named the child Kipchak, Hollow Tree, because his mother gave him birth in the hollow of a tree. This etymology indicates that Oghuz Khagan and his people not only spoke Hebrew, but were of Hebrew descent as well. As for the Hun capital, Varachan, I propose the Város + Hun, i.e. ‘Hun City’ etymology. Finally in the Djagfar Tarihi the Turkic road is also the Silk Road, Turgu-yuly, indicating the Dargo or Turgu, drága ‘dear, expensive, precious’ etymology for the ethnonym Turk.