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Two new chemical constituents, japopenoid D (1), and japopenoid E (2), were isolated and identified from the flower buds of Lonicera japonica Thunb. The structures of these compounds were elucidated based on spectroscopic analysis (HR-ESI-MS, NMR), and the absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were determined by comparison of their electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra with literature and theoretical calculation. The anti-inflammatory activities of the isolates were evaluated by measuring their inhibitory effects on PGE2 and IL-6 production in LPS stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. As a result, compound 1 could reduce PGE2 and IL-6 levels in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages with IC50 values of 6.78 and 42.07 μM, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Occurrence of a reservoir landslide and its potential secondary hazards near a dam can result in significant losses and casualties, such as those that resulted from the Vajont landslide. In this study, a cataclinal rock slope in the Maoergai reservoir was taken as a case to study the characteristics of the gravitational deformation process and to analyse the potential threat. The stability of the rock slope was analysed using the limit equilibrium method, and the potential landslide movement and subsequent waves were simulated. Results indicated that lithology, geological structure, reservoir water-level changes and artificial activities all play an important role in large deformations of rock slopes that are characterized by a combination of bending–toppling and, principally, shear slip. Pre-calculations of potential threats indicated that the impact of a landslide wave would be greater at dead water levels than at the normal water level and could result in the blockage of the inlet to the water-diversion structure on the opposite right bank. These findings provide implications for the control of reservoir rock slopes: (i) serious attention should be paid to the influence of water on rock strength in the early investigation of geological disasters; and (ii) infiltration must be prevented during water-level rise. Thematic collection: This article is part of the Role of water in destabilizing slopes collection available at: https://www.lyellcollection.org/cc/Role-of-water-in-destabilizing-slopes [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new phenylpropanoid allopyranoside (1) and a new indolinone alkaloid (2) were isolated from the rhizomes of Actaea dahurica (syn. Cimicifuga dahurica). The structures of those two compounds were deduced as cimicifugaside F (1) and 3E,11E-(3-methyl-2-butenylidene acid)-2-indolinone-1-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (2) by detailed analysis of their MS, 1D and 2D NMR data and comparison with literatures. Additionally, the isolates were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on the production of NO by LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To improve the efficiency of ESA (Enterprise Application Software) development, component-based software development is a good solution. However, though those general software components, like JavaBean, COM/COM+ (Component Object Model), are maturely used to develop ESAs, it is still too inefficient to industrialize ESA development. This is because design of software component has a tightly correlation with the inner structure of an ESA and should not be independent from architecture of ESA. By analysing software patterns and characteristics, a business component (BC) modelling based on pattern is proposed first. Then a BC scheduling pattern and an executable workflow model are presented to show the principle by which BCs are organized and scheduled. The proposed method is a PSM (Platform-Specific Model) modelling which a part of MDA (Model-Driven Architecture) based framework. Finally, a case is showed that our method can provide theoretical and practical significance to the development software of ESA.