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As a kind of maneuverable pulsed power supply (PPS), the Magnetic Flux Compression Generator (MFCG) can be used in many military fields, but the MFCG concept has not been explored systematically. The definitions of MFCG were given in two ways: the electric circuit model and the magnetic field model, and the latter was indispensable to resolve many technical difficulties. According to the field model, the working principles of the MFCG with perfect solenoid were shown as the magnetic flux conservation or the magnetic flux linkage conservation. The inherent coherence of the two definitions was also outlined. The names of MFCGs were discussed, and the distinguishing features of MFCG from other pulsed generators were summarized. According to the different forms of the windings and the different moving modes of the armatures, 14 kinds of MFCGs were classified systematically, and their characteristics were generalized respectively. The most useful kinds of MFCGs were the piston type, the explosive one, and the rotary one. The key technology of the piston type MFCG was analyzed and the conclusion is that the conical armature without any longitudinal slits on its surface is necessary. The working process of the two stages explosive MFCG for the microwave bomb was reviewed: the first stage as a magnetic energy accumulator, and the second as an ordinary pulsed generator. The CPA, as a kind of rotary MFCG, was developed as a kind of drum alternator in the big ship to power the EM launcher. The essential work was important for MFCG concept, theory research, technology development, and military applications. Index Terms--Magnetic flux compression generator (MFCG), military applications, new concept weapons, pulsed power supply.

It is unclear whether G protein-coupled receptor 61 (GPR61) affecting body weight, plays a role in the association between birth weight and weather. This study aimed to assess the effects of prenatal weather and GPR61 on birth weight. A total of 567 mother-newborn pairs were recruited in Houzhai Center Hospital during 2011–2012. We detected the maternal and neonatal GPR61 promoter methylation levels, and obtained meteorological and air pollution data. A positive association was observed between maternal and neonatal GPR61 methylation levels, and both of them were affected by precipitation, relative humidity (RH) and daily temperature range (DTR). Birth weight was associated negatively with RH and positively with DTR (P < 0.05). A significant association was observed between birth weight and neonatal GPR61 methylation. We observed that maternal GPR61 methylation seemed to modify associations between weather and birth weight (P interaction < 0.10), while neonatal GPR61 methylation mediated the effects of RH and DTR on birth weight (P < 0.05). Our findings revealed the significant associations among prenatal weather, GPR61 methylation and birth weight. Maternal GPR61 methylation may modify the susceptibility of birth weight to prenatal weather conditions, while neonatal GPR61 methylation may be a bridge of the effects of prenatal RH and DTR on birth weight. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The scaled boundary finite element method (SBFEM) developed by Wolf and Song has shown certain parallels to the finite element method (FEM) and boundary element method (BEM). Because of its semi‐analytical nature, SBFEM is particularly suitable for the analysis of wave propagation in unbounded domains. This paper makes a certain modification of the standard SBFEM. A new idea of scaling surface instead of a scaling center is introduced to formulate the governing SBFE equations for the analysis of wave propagation in multilayered half‐space, which leads to simplifying the modeling and saving considerably the computational effort. In addition, by employing the proposed approach, some problems encountered in engineering practice, which are difficult to deal with by the conventional SBFEM, for example, 3D foundation impedance on half‐space with irregular geographical features, can be effectively solved. The proposed approach also helps to simplify the solution of shell structures. Numerical examples are provided to validate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reflectance-difference signal between s and p-polarized light when monitoring epitaxy growth of thin film was treated using a simplified model.

We have provided two compact designs of on-chip silicon photonic crystal (PhC) AND and XOR logic devices, which can provide multiple logic functions through different input frequencies within one structure. Compared to the former ones, the overall size is short to 10a × 18a (approximately 4 × 8 μm2). The working principle of the structures is lead to the directional leakage of the center cavity and the signal contrast are reached to 5.7 dB of AND and -19.66 dB of XOR functions, which could have potential applications in the field of all-optical signal processing and integrated optical circuits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]