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In this paper, we propose a model order reduction algorithm based on low-rank Gramian approximation for bilinear systems. The main idea of the approach is to use approximate low-rank factors of the controllability and observability Gramians, which are constructed from the expansion coefficients of the matrix exponential functions in the space spanned by Laguerre functions using a recurrence formula, to generate approximate balanced system for the large-scale bilinear system. Then, the reduced-order model is obtained by truncating the states corresponding to the small approximate generalized Hankel singular values. Finally, a numerical experiment is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

In this work, thermophoretic sampling experiments are carried out in a constant volume combustion chamber (CVCC) accompanied by the subsequent high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) imaging to investigate the morphology, nanostructure, and size of soot particles directly sampled within the reacting diesel jet spray flame under ambient conditions close to practical engine combustion. The experiments are performed with different fuel injection masses to examine the variation of the morphological and nanostructural parameters of soot primary particles and aggregates with the fuel injection quantity, Qs. The results show the particles sampled in the cases with low fuel injection quantity (Qs) have a fraction of separately existing small primary particles and small aggregates made up of only several primary particles. As the fuel injection mass is further increased, the number of soot particles increase but the projection area becomes smaller. The fractal dimension of the sampled aggregates i...

BACKGROUND This study investigated the effect of 70% portal vein ligation (PVL), a widely used procedure for inducing rapid liver regeneration, on the expression of autophagy-related proteins in non-ligated liver lobes in rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS Rats were subjected to either sham (n=30, major portal vein branches were exposed but kept intact) or PVL (n=30, major portal vein branches were double-ligated) operations. Liver samples were collected 12, 24, 48, 72, and 168 h after the operation. Liver volume, liver color, non-ligated liver percentage, and the expressions of light chain (LC) 3, beclin 1, and cyclin D1 in the non-ligated liver lobes were determined. RESULTS When compared to sham rats, increased (P

The traditional target tracking algorithms have utilized the information on the target position. With the development of radar high-resolution technology, it is possible to obtain the pose of target. In this paper, two target tracking algorithms aided by the pose of target are proposed. First, the pose of the target is estimated in the real time by the high-resolution range profile, and then, the pose is added to the target measurement equation. Because the relationship between the pose and the motion parameters of the targets is nonlinear, the extended Kalman filter algorithm aided by the pose of target (Pose-EKF) and the unscented Kalman filter algorithm aided by the pose of target (Pose-UKF) are proposed. The results of simulation demonstrate that compared with the traditional extended Kalman filter algorithm (EKF) and the traditional Unscented Kalman filter algorithm (UKF), the proposed algorithm can greatly improve the target tracking accuracy (position precision and velocity precision) and the convergence speed. The pose measurement error has a little effect on the tracking performance. The difference in the tracking accuracy between Pose-EKF and Pose-UKF is very little. But the Pose-EKF is better than Pose-UKF in terms of computation time, but Pose-EKF fails and Pose-UKF is effective when the pose is critical.

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-4-tar-10.1177_1753466620981858 for Targeted inhibition of β-catenin alleviates airway inflammation and remodeling in asthma via modulating the profibrotic and anti-inflammatory actions of transforming growth factor-β1 by Rujie Huo, Xinli Tian, Qin Chang, Dai Liu, Chen Wang, Jingcui Bai, Runjuan Wang, Guoping Zheng and Xinrui Tian in Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-5-tar-10.1177_1753466620981858 for Targeted inhibition of β-catenin alleviates airway inflammation and remodeling in asthma via modulating the profibrotic and anti-inflammatory actions of transforming growth factor-β1 by Rujie Huo, Xinli Tian, Qin Chang, Dai Liu, Chen Wang, Jingcui Bai, Runjuan Wang, Guoping Zheng and Xinrui Tian in Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-tar-10.1177_1753466620981858 for Targeted inhibition of β-catenin alleviates airway inflammation and remodeling in asthma via modulating the profibrotic and anti-inflammatory actions of transforming growth factor-β1 by Rujie Huo, Xinli Tian, Qin Chang, Dai Liu, Chen Wang, Jingcui Bai, Runjuan Wang, Guoping Zheng and Xinrui Tian in Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-2-tar-10.1177_1753466620981858 for Targeted inhibition of β-catenin alleviates airway inflammation and remodeling in asthma via modulating the profibrotic and anti-inflammatory actions of transforming growth factor-β1 by Rujie Huo, Xinli Tian, Qin Chang, Dai Liu, Chen Wang, Jingcui Bai, Runjuan Wang, Guoping Zheng and Xinrui Tian in Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-3-tar-10.1177_1753466620981858 for Targeted inhibition of β-catenin alleviates airway inflammation and remodeling in asthma via modulating the profibrotic and anti-inflammatory actions of transforming growth factor-β1 by Rujie Huo, Xinli Tian, Qin Chang, Dai Liu, Chen Wang, Jingcui Bai, Runjuan Wang, Guoping Zheng and Xinrui Tian in Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease