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* Echelus polyspondylus McCosker & Ho, 2015 +��RAE�� Echelus polyspondylus McCosker & Ho, 2015: 73, figs. 1���3. (type locality: Dong-gang, southwestern Taiwan). Remarks. Some specimens of this species were previously misidentified as Myrophis microchir, which indicates the similarity between these two groups. This is a deepwater species, occasionally collected by bottom trawl off northeastern and southwestern Taiwan., Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Mccosker, John E., Hibino, Yusuke, Loh, Kar-Hoe, Tighe, Kenneth A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2015, Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan, pp. 140-189 in Zootaxa 4060 (1) on page 168, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/243651

+ Scolecenchelys laticaudata (Ogilby, 1897) ffiAEA�� Myropterura laticaudata Ogilby, 1897: 247 (type locality: Fiji Islands [South Pacific]). Scolecenchelys gymnota (non Bleeker, 1854): Shao et al., 2008: 239. Scolecenchelys laticaudata (Ogilby, 1897): Hibino & Kimura, 2015 a:unnumbered. Voucher specimens: ASIZP 55133 (Hengchun, Pingtung); USNM 313981 (Kenting, Pingtung). Remarks. This is a new record for Taiwan. Specimens previously referred to Scolecenchelys gymnota (ASZIP 55133) are identified as this species (Hibino & Kimura, 2015 a). The USNM specimen was collected from a shallow coral reef in southern Taiwan., Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Mccosker, John E., Hibino, Yusuke, Loh, Kar-Hoe, Tighe, Kenneth A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2015, Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan, pp. 140-189 in Zootaxa 4060 (1) on page 176, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/243651

* Ophichthus bicolor McCosker & Ho, 2015 AEAAEª Ophichthus bicolor McCosker & Ho, 2015: 76, figs. 4–6 (type locality: Dong-gang, southwestern Taiwan). Remarks. A deepwater species occasionally collected from southeastern Taiwan by hook and line and southwestern Taiwan by bottom trawl.

Serrivomer sector Garman, 1899 ��*oY�� Serrivomer sector Garman, 1899: 320, pl. 63 (type locality: Eastern Pacific, 3 ����� 7 ��N, 79 ����� 86 ��W, 0���1772 fathoms [0���3240 m]). Shao et al., 2008: 239. Remarks. This rare species is represented by only one specimen collected from Taiwan., Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Mccosker, John E., Hibino, Yusuke, Loh, Kar-Hoe, Tighe, Kenneth A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2015, Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan, pp. 140-189 in Zootaxa 4060 (1) on page 177, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/243651

* Dysomma taiwanensis Ho, Smith & Tighe, 2015 a*aU�� Dysomma taiwanensis Ho, Smith & Tighe, 2015 d: 87, figs. 1 A���B, 2 A���B (type locality: Daxi, Yilan, northeastern Taiwan). Remarks. A rare deepwater species represented only by the type series collected by bottom trawl off southeastern Taiwan., Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Mccosker, John E., Hibino, Yusuke, Loh, Kar-Hoe, Tighe, Kenneth A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2015, Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan, pp. 140-189 in Zootaxa 4060 (1) on page 178, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/243651

+ Parabathymyrus brachyrhynchus (Fowler, 1934) AA*Aa�� Arisoma [sic] brachyrhynchus Fowler, 1934: 269, fig. 30 (Bongo Island, Illana Bay, southern Mindanao Island, Philippines, 7 �� 21 ' 45 "N, 124 ��07' 15 "E, 158 fathoms [289 m]). Parabathymyrus brachyrhynchus (Fowler, 1934): Smith & Kanazawa, 1977: 532; Ho et al., 2015 b: 134. Remarks. A common species collected from deep waters by bottom trawl off northeastern and southwestern Taiwan, more abundant in southwestern Taiwan. Many specimens in the collections were previously misidentified as P. macrophthalmus., Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Mccosker, John E., Hibino, Yusuke, Loh, Kar-Hoe, Tighe, Kenneth A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2015, Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan, pp. 140-189 in Zootaxa 4060 (1) on page 148, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/243651, {"references":["Fowler, H. W. (1934) Descriptions of new fishes obtained 1907 to 1910, chiefly in the Philippine Islands and adjacent seas. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 85, 233 - 367.","Smith, D. G. & Kanazawa, R. H. (1977) Eight new species and a new genus of congrid eels from the western north Atlantic with redescriptions of Ariosoma analis, Hildebrandia guppyi, and Rhechias vicinalis. Bulletin of Marine Science, 27 (3), 530 - 543.","Ho, H. - C., Smith D. G. & Shao, K. - T. (2015 b) Notes on the congrid eel genus Parabathymyrus from the western Pacific Ocean, with the description of a new species (Pisces: Anguilliformes: Congridae). Zootaxa, 4060 (1), 131 - 139. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4060.1.15"]}

* Gymnothorax pseudomelanosomatus Loh, Shao & Chen, 2015 *��AA��R Gymnothorax pseudomelanosomatus Loh, Shao & Chen in Loh et al., 2015: 32. (type locality: Changbin, Taitung county, southeastern Taiwan). Remarks. A deep-living species that is only represented by the two type specimens collected from southeastern Taiwan and one specimen from southwestern Taiwan (USNM 395050); it is easily confused with Gymnothorax melanosomatus, which was also described from same region., Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Mccosker, John E., Hibino, Yusuke, Loh, Kar-Hoe, Tighe, Kenneth A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2015, Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan, pp. 140-189 in Zootaxa 4060 (1) on page 160, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/243651

Anguilla luzonensis Watanabe, Aoyama & Tsukamoto, 2009 kT�� Anguilla luzonensis Watanabe, Aoyama & Tsukamoto, 2009: 389 (type locality: north Luzon Island, Philippines). Chen et al., 2012: 68; Chang et al., 2013: 44., Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Mccosker, John E., Hibino, Yusuke, Loh, Kar-Hoe, Tighe, Kenneth A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2015, Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan, pp. 140-189 in Zootaxa 4060 (1) on page 142, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/243651, {"references":["Chang, G. - C., Hung, Y. - S. & Liu, F. - K. (2013) Identification of the elver, Anguilla celebesensis from the surrounding waters of Taiwan. Journal of Taiwan Fisheries Research, 21 (1), 43 - 48. [in Chinese]"]}

Chilorhinus platyrhynchus (Norman, 1922) Ad���� Brachyconger platyrhynchus Norman, 1922: 218 (type locality: New Britain Island, Bismarck Archipelago [Papua New Guinea, western Pacific]). Chilorhinus platyrhynchus (Norman, 1922): Shao et al., 2008: 237. Remarks. This is a rare species represented by a few specimens collected by bottom trawl from southwestern Taiwan and two catalog records (three specimens total) in the USNM collection collected by rotenone off southern Taiwan., Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Mccosker, John E., Hibino, Yusuke, Loh, Kar-Hoe, Tighe, Kenneth A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2015, Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan, pp. 140-189 in Zootaxa 4060 (1) on page 143, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/243651, {"references":["Norman, J. R. (1922) Two new fishes from New Britain and Japan. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 9), 10 (56), 217 - 218. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222932308632764"]}

+ Histiobranchus bathybius (G��nther, 1877) *AA№�� Synaphobranchus bathybius G��nther, 1877: 445 (type locality: south of Tokyo, Japan and South Atlantic between Cape of Good Hope and Kerguelen Island). Voucher specimen: ASIZP 66208 (Suao, Yilan, northeastern Tawian). Remarks. This is a new record for Taiwan, and it is only represented by a single specimen collected from northeastern Taiwan at 2204���2334 m., Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Mccosker, John E., Hibino, Yusuke, Loh, Kar-Hoe, Tighe, Kenneth A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2015, Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan, pp. 140-189 in Zootaxa 4060 (1) on page 179, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/243651

Scuticaria tigrina (Lesson, 1828) **��%R Ichthyophis tigrinus Lesson, 1828: 399 (type locality: Bora Bora, Society Islands [French Polynesia]). Uropterygius tigrina (Lesson, 1828): Shen et al., 1993: 99. Scuticaria tigrina (Lesson, 1828): Chen, 2004: 29; Shao et al., 2008: 238; Loh et al., in press:table 1. Remarks. A rare species found in coral reef regions of southeastern Taiwan., Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Mccosker, John E., Hibino, Yusuke, Loh, Kar-Hoe, Tighe, Kenneth A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2015, Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan, pp. 140-189 in Zootaxa 4060 (1) on page 162, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/243651

Gymnothorax ypsilon Hatooka & Randall, 1992 YAA��R Gymnothorax ypsil on Hatooka & Randall, 1992: 183, figs. 1���2 (type locality: Uotsurijima Island, Senkaku Islands, Japan). Chen, 2004: 29; Loh et al., in press:table 1. Gymnothorax punctatofasciatus (not of Bleeker, 1863): Okada, 1938: 154; Chen, 1956: 80; Chen & Weng, 1967: 24; Chen, 1969: 127; Shen, 1984 a: 108; Chen & Yu, 1986: 248. Remarks. This rare species is found in relatively deep coral reef regions around Taiwan. It was confused with G. punctatofasciatus by previous authors. The records of G. punctatofasciatus in Taiwan refers to this species., Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Mccosker, John E., Hibino, Yusuke, Loh, Kar-Hoe, Tighe, Kenneth A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2015, Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan, pp. 140-189 in Zootaxa 4060 (1) on page 162, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/243651

* Dysomma longirostrum Chen & Mok, 2001 ɫdaUª Dysomma longirostrum Chen & Mok, 2001: 79, figs. 1 A, 2 (type locality: Nanfangao fish market, northeastern Taiwan, 100– 150 m). Shao et al., 2008: 238; Ho & Shao, 2011: 22, table 1; Ho et al., 2015 d: 95. Remarks. A rare species represented by several specimens in collections worldwide. In Taiwan it is represented only by the holotype.

Anguilla celebesensis Kaup, 1856 W��aeA�� Anguilla celebesensis Kaup, 1856 b: 42 (type locality: Lake Tondano, Sulawesi, Indonesia). Tseng, 1982: 59; Chang et al., 2011: 1; Chen et al., 2012: 1; Chang et al., 2013: 44. Remarks. Tseng (1982) first recorded this species based on juveniles. Although there are other records of this species, no adults have been formally recorded. Chen et al. (2012) noted that some juveniles of this species may have been included with Anguilla luzonensis, a recently described species. Chang et al. (2013) confirmed that this species, also based on juveniles, is present in Taiwanese waters., Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Mccosker, John E., Hibino, Yusuke, Loh, Kar-Hoe, Tighe, Kenneth A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2015, Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan, pp. 140-189 in Zootaxa 4060 (1) on page 142, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/243651, {"references":["Kaup, J. J. (1856 b) Catalogue of the apodal fish, in the collection of the British Museum. British Museum, London, viii + 163 pp.","Tseng, W. - N. (1982) On the new record of Anguilla celebesensis from Taiwan. Chinese Bioscience, 19, 57 - 66. [in Chinese]","Chang, G. - C., Hung, Y. - S. & Liu, F. - K. (2011) How many fresh eel species in Taiwan? Fishery Research Institute E-Paper, 66, 1. [in Chinese]","Chang, G. - C., Hung, Y. - S. & Liu, F. - K. (2013) Identification of the elver, Anguilla celebesensis from the surrounding waters of Taiwan. Journal of Taiwan Fisheries Research, 21 (1), 43 - 48. [in Chinese]"]}

Neenchelys parvipectoralis Chu, Wu & Jin, 1981 AR*ª Neenchelys parvipectoralis Chu, Wu & Jin, 1981: 24 (type locality: Pingtan Island, Fujian Province, China). Ho et al., 2010: 29, table 1; Ho et al., 2013: 11. Remarks. A very common species in the South China Sea, including southwestern Taiwan and Vietnam.

* Neenchelys cheni (Chen & Weng, 1967) RR*�� Myrophis cheni Chen & Weng, 1967: 39 (Type locality: Tungkang [Dong-gang], southwestern Taiwan). Chen, 1969: 130; Shen 1984 a: 117; Chen & Yu, 1986: 258; Shen et al., 1993: 112; Shao et al., 2008: 238. " Neenchelys " cheni (Chen & Weng, 1967): Ho et al. 2010: 24, table 1; Ho & Shao, 2011: 23, table 1. Neenchelys cheni (Chen & Weng, 1967): Hibino et al., 2012: 345; Ho et al., 2013: 5. Neenchelys retropinna Smith & B��hlke, 1983: McCosker & Chen, 2000: 356. Remarks. An uncommon species collected by midwater trawls off southwestern Taiwan., Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Mccosker, John E., Hibino, Yusuke, Loh, Kar-Hoe, Tighe, Kenneth A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2015, Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan, pp. 140-189 in Zootaxa 4060 (1) on pages 169-170, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/243651

Moringua abbreviata (Bleeker, 1863) AE≪≪�� Aphthalmichthys abbreviatus Bleeker, 1863: 163 (type locality: Prigi, Java; Batu; Manado, Sulawesi; Ternata; Ambon, Indonesia). Moringua abbreviata (Bleeker, 1863): Chen & Weng, 1967: 8; Chen, 1969: 124; Shen, 1984 a: 103; Chen & Yu, 1986: 247; Shen et al., 1993: 98, fig. 14 - 8; Shao et al., 2008: 237; Ho et al., 2010:table 1., Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Mccosker, John E., Hibino, Yusuke, Loh, Kar-Hoe, Tighe, Kenneth A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2015, Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan, pp. 140-189 in Zootaxa 4060 (1) on page 150, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/243651, {"references":["Bleeker, P. (1863) Notice sur deux especes inedites du genre Aphthalmichthys Kp. Nederlandsch Tijdschrift voor de Dierkunde, 1, 163 - 166.","Chen, J. T. - F. & Weng, H. T. - C. (1967) A review of the apodal fishes of Taiwan. Biological Bulletin of Tunghai University, Ichthyology Series, 6, 1 - 86.","Chen, J. T. - F. (1969) A synopsis of the vertebrates of Taiwan. Volume 1. Commerical Books Co., Taipei, 548 pp.","Shen, S. - C. (1984 a) Synopsis of fishes of Taiwan. Southern Materials Center, Taipei, Taiwan, 533 pp.","Chen, J. T. - F. & Yu, M. - J. (1986) A synopsis of the vertebrates of Taiwan, revised and enlarged edition. Commercial Press, Taipei, 1092 pp. [in Chinese]","Shen, S. - C., Lee, S. - C., Shao, K. - T., Mok, H. - K., Chen, C. - T. & Chen, C. - H. (1993) Fishes of Taiwan. Department of Zoology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 960 pp."]}

+ Uropterygius alboguttatus Smith, 1962 b* RAER Uropterygius alboguttatus Smith, 1962: 427, pl. 60, fig. E (type locality: Assumption Island, western Indian Ocean). Uropterygius xanthopterus (not of Bleeker, 1859): Ho et al., 2010:table 1. Voucher specimen: NMMB-P 2560 (Taiwan). Remarks. The specimen of Uropterygius xanthopterus listed in Ho et al (2010) is reidentified as this species. This is a new record in Taiwan., Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Mccosker, John E., Hibino, Yusuke, Loh, Kar-Hoe, Tighe, Kenneth A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2015, Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan, pp. 140-189 in Zootaxa 4060 (1) on page 163, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/243651

Echidna nebulosa (Ahl, 1789) ��sAER Muraena nebulosa Ahl, 1789: 7, pl. 1, right fig. (type locality: in Orientali India [Indonesia]). Echidna nebulosa (Ahl, 1789): Chen & Weng, 1967: 13; Chen, 1969: 127; Shen, 1984 a: 106; Shen, 1988: 11; Chen & Yu, 1986: 247; Shen et al., 1993: 100; Shao et al., 1994 a: 276; Chen et al., 1994: 47; Chen et al., 1997:appendix 1; Chen, 2004: 27; Shao et al., 2008: 238; Ho et al., 2010:table 1; Loh et al., in press:table 1. Remarks. A very common species found in coral reef regions of shallow waters around Taiwan., Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Mccosker, John E., Hibino, Yusuke, Loh, Kar-Hoe, Tighe, Kenneth A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2015, Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan, pp. 140-189 in Zootaxa 4060 (1) on page 152, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/243651, {"references":["Ahl, J. N. (1789) Specimen ichthyologicum de Muraena et Ophichtho, quod venia exp. fac. Med. ups. Praeside Carol. Pet. Thunberg, etc. Upsala, 14 pp.","Chen, J. T. - F. & Weng, H. T. - C. (1967) A review of the apodal fishes of Taiwan. Biological Bulletin of Tunghai University, Ichthyology Series, 6, 1 - 86.","Chen, J. T. - F. (1969) A synopsis of the vertebrates of Taiwan. Volume 1. Commerical Books Co., Taipei, 548 pp.","Shen, S. - C. (1984 a) Synopsis of fishes of Taiwan. Southern Materials Center, Taipei, Taiwan, 533 pp.","Shen, S. - C. (1988) Catalogue of the fish specimen deposited in the museum of the Department of Zoology, National Taiwan University. Acta Zoological Taiwanica, 2, 1 - 162.","Chen, J. T. - F. & Yu, M. - J. (1986) A synopsis of the vertebrates of Taiwan, revised and enlarged edition. Commercial Press, Taipei, 1092 pp. [in Chinese]","Shen, S. - C., Lee, S. - C., Shao, K. - T., Mok, H. - K., Chen, C. - T. & Chen, C. - H. (1993) Fishes of Taiwan. Department of Zoology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 960 pp.","Shao K. - T., Chen, J. - P., Ho, L. - T., Lin, C. - P., Kao, P. - H., Lin, P. - L. & Chen, L. - S. (1994 a) Checklist and distributional pattern of the fishes of the Pescadores Islands. In: Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University (Ed.) Proceeding of the 4 th Indo-Pacific fish Conference: systematics and evolution of Indo-Pacific fishes. Kasetsart University, Bangkok, pp. 267 - 280.","Chen, J. - P., Jan, R. - Q. & Shao, K. - T. (1997) Checklist of reef fishes from Taiping Island (Itu Aba Island), Spratly Islands, South China Sea. Pacific Science, 51 (2), 143 - 166.","Chen, C. - H. (2004) Checklist of fishes of Penghu. FRI special publication, 4, 1 - 175."]}

* Saurenchelys gigas Lin, Smith & Shao, 2015 ��ffi�� Saurenchelys gigas Lin, Smith & shao In Lin et al., 2015: 122 (type locality: Daxi, Yilan, northeastern Taiwan). Remarks. This is the largest known species of the genus and is known from Taiwan and Vietnam., Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Mccosker, John E., Hibino, Yusuke, Loh, Kar-Hoe, Tighe, Kenneth A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2015, Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan, pp. 140-189 in Zootaxa 4060 (1) on page 165, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/243651

* Cirricaecula macdowelli McCosker & Randall, 1993 aeR⅛RAE�� Cirricaecula macdowelli McCosker & Randall, 1993: 190, fig. 1-2 (type locality: Penghu Island, Taiwan strait, 30���50 m). Chen, 2004: 30; Ho & Shao, 2011: 23, table 1. Remarks. This species is known only from the holotype collected in shallow water of Penghu Island, southwestern Taiwan., Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Mccosker, John E., Hibino, Yusuke, Loh, Kar-Hoe, Tighe, Kenneth A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2015, Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan, pp. 140-189 in Zootaxa 4060 (1) on pages 167-168, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/243651

Dysomma polycatodon Karrer, 1983 +*aU�� Dysomma polycatodon Karrer, 1983: 89, figs. 27 A���B (type locality: Madagascar, 15 �� 21 'S, 46 �� 11 'E, 170���175 m). Chen & Mok, 2001: 79; Ho et al., 2015 d: 99. Remarks. A common species collected by bottom trawl from northeastern and southwestern Taiwan, but not as abundant as D. anguillare., Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Mccosker, John E., Hibino, Yusuke, Loh, Kar-Hoe, Tighe, Kenneth A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2015, Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan, pp. 140-189 in Zootaxa 4060 (1) on page 178, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/243651

+ Nettenchelys gephyra Castle & Smith, 1981 RffiAE�� Nettenchelys gephyra Castle & Smith in Smith, B��hlke & Castle, 1981: 553, figs. 8���11 (type locality: New Caledonia). Smith et al., 2015: 110. Remarks. A rare deep-sea species collected by bottom trawl off northeastern Taiwan. This is a new record in Taiwan., Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Mccosker, John E., Hibino, Yusuke, Loh, Kar-Hoe, Tighe, Kenneth A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2015, Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan, pp. 140-189 in Zootaxa 4060 (1) on page 165, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/243651

Enchelycore pardalis (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846) ��kWdR Muraena pardalis Temminck & Schlegel, 1846: 268, pl. 119 (type locality: Nagasaki, Japan). Chen & Weng, 1967: 15; Chen, 1969: 127; Shen, 1984 a: 107; Chen & Yu, 1986: 247; Shao et al., 1994 a: 276. Enchelycore pardalis (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846): Shen et al., 1993: 101; Chen et al., 1994: 47; Chen, 2004: 27; Shao et al., 2008: 238; Ho et al., 2010:table 1; Loh et al., in press:table 1. Remarks. A common species found in the coral reef regions around Taiwan., Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Mccosker, John E., Hibino, Yusuke, Loh, Kar-Hoe, Tighe, Kenneth A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2015, Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan, pp. 140-189 in Zootaxa 4060 (1) on page 153, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/243651, {"references":["Temminck, C. J. & Schlegel, H. (1846) Pisces. In: Fauna Japonica, sive descriptio animalium quae in itinere per Japoniam suscepto annis 1823 - 30 collegit, notis observationibus et adumbrationibus illustravit P. F. de Siebold. Part 1 (10 - 14), 173 - 269.","Chen, J. T. - F. & Weng, H. T. - C. (1967) A review of the apodal fishes of Taiwan. Biological Bulletin of Tunghai University, Ichthyology Series, 6, 1 - 86.","Chen, J. T. - F. (1969) A synopsis of the vertebrates of Taiwan. Volume 1. Commerical Books Co., Taipei, 548 pp.","Shen, S. - C. (1984 a) Synopsis of fishes of Taiwan. Southern Materials Center, Taipei, Taiwan, 533 pp.","Chen, J. T. - F. & Yu, M. - J. (1986) A synopsis of the vertebrates of Taiwan, revised and enlarged edition. Commercial Press, Taipei, 1092 pp. [in Chinese]","Shao K. - T., Chen, J. - P., Ho, L. - T., Lin, C. - P., Kao, P. - H., Lin, P. - L. & Chen, L. - S. (1994 a) Checklist and distributional pattern of the fishes of the Pescadores Islands. In: Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University (Ed.) Proceeding of the 4 th Indo-Pacific fish Conference: systematics and evolution of Indo-Pacific fishes. Kasetsart University, Bangkok, pp. 267 - 280.","Shen, S. - C., Lee, S. - C., Shao, K. - T., Mok, H. - K., Chen, C. - T. & Chen, C. - H. (1993) Fishes of Taiwan. Department of Zoology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 960 pp.","Chen, C. - H. (2004) Checklist of fishes of Penghu. FRI special publication, 4, 1 - 175."]}

Uroconger lepturus (Richardson, 1845) RAEa�� Congrus lepturus Richardson, 1845 b: 106, pl. 56, figs. 1���6 (type locality: Canton, China). Uroconger lepturus (Richardson, 1845): Chen & Weng, 1967: 56; Chen, 1969: 133; Shen 1984 a: 113; Chen & Yu, 1986: 253; Shen et al., 1993: 118; Shao et al., 2008: 239; Ho et al., 2010:table 1. Remarks. A species complex which may represent more than one species. At least two species occur in Taiwan, based on DNA barcodes, number of cephalic pores and coloration. Further studies are needed. Very common around Taiwan., Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Mccosker, John E., Hibino, Yusuke, Loh, Kar-Hoe, Tighe, Kenneth A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2015, Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan, pp. 140-189 in Zootaxa 4060 (1) on page 149, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/243651, {"references":["Richardson, J. (1845 b) Ichthyology. Part 3. In: Hinds, R. B. (Ed.), The zoology of the voyage of H. M. S. Sulphur, under the command of Captain Sir Edward Belcher, R. N., C. B., F. R. G. S., etc., during the years 1836 - 42, No. 10. London: Smith, Elder & Co., pp. 99 - 150. [plates. 55 - 64]","Chen, J. T. - F. & Weng, H. T. - C. (1967) A review of the apodal fishes of Taiwan. Biological Bulletin of Tunghai University, Ichthyology Series, 6, 1 - 86.","Chen, J. T. - F. (1969) A synopsis of the vertebrates of Taiwan. Volume 1. Commerical Books Co., Taipei, 548 pp.","Shen, S. - C. (1984 a) Synopsis of fishes of Taiwan. Southern Materials Center, Taipei, Taiwan, 533 pp.","Chen, J. T. - F. & Yu, M. - J. (1986) A synopsis of the vertebrates of Taiwan, revised and enlarged edition. Commercial Press, Taipei, 1092 pp. [in Chinese]","Shen, S. - C., Lee, S. - C., Shao, K. - T., Mok, H. - K., Chen, C. - T. & Chen, C. - H. (1993) Fishes of Taiwan. Department of Zoology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 960 pp."]}

Muraenesox cinereus (Forssk��l, 1775) AA�� Muraena cinerea Forssk��l, 1775: 22 (Type locality: Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea). Muraenesox cinereus (Forssk��l, 1775): Chen, 1956: 77; Chu, 1957: 15; Chen & Weng, 1967: 75; Chen, 1969: 133; Shen 1984 a: 114; Chen & Yu, 1986: 254; Shen et al., 1993: 118; Shao et al., 1994 a: 276; Chen, 2004: 31; Shao et al., 2008: 239; Ho et al., 2010:table 1; Shen and Wu, 2011: 135; Lin et al., 2013: 170. Remarks. This is a very common species collected by bottom trawls and hook and lines around Taiwan., Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Mccosker, John E., Hibino, Yusuke, Loh, Kar-Hoe, Tighe, Kenneth A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2015, Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan, pp. 140-189 in Zootaxa 4060 (1) on page 151, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/243651, {"references":["Forsskal, P. (1775) Descriptiones animalium avium, amphibiorum, piscium, insectorum, vermium; quae in itinere orientali observavit ... Post mortem auctoris edidit Carsten Niebuhr. Hauniae. 20 + xxxiv + 164 pp.","Chen, J. T. - F. (1956) A synopsis of the vertebrates of Taiwan. Kaiming Press, Taipei, 292 pp. [In Chinese]","Chu, K. - Y. (1957) A list of fishes from Pescadore Islands. Report of Institute of Fishery Biology, National Taiwan University, 1 (2), 14 - 23.","Chen, J. T. - F. & Weng, H. T. - C. (1967) A review of the apodal fishes of Taiwan. Biological Bulletin of Tunghai University, Ichthyology Series, 6, 1 - 86.","Chen, J. T. - F. (1969) A synopsis of the vertebrates of Taiwan. Volume 1. Commerical Books Co., Taipei, 548 pp.","Shen, S. - C. (1984 a) Synopsis of fishes of Taiwan. Southern Materials Center, Taipei, Taiwan, 533 pp.","Chen, J. T. - F. & Yu, M. - J. (1986) A synopsis of the vertebrates of Taiwan, revised and enlarged edition. Commercial Press, Taipei, 1092 pp. [in Chinese]","Shen, S. - C., Lee, S. - C., Shao, K. - T., Mok, H. - K., Chen, C. - T. & Chen, C. - H. (1993) Fishes of Taiwan. Department of Zoology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 960 pp.","Shao K. - T., Chen, J. - P., Ho, L. - T., Lin, C. - P., Kao, P. - H., Lin, P. - L. & Chen, L. - S. (1994 a) Checklist and distributional pattern of the fishes of the Pescadores Islands. In: Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University (Ed.) Proceeding of the 4 th Indo-Pacific fish Conference: systematics and evolution of Indo-Pacific fishes. Kasetsart University, Bangkok, pp. 267 - 280.","Chen, C. - H. (2004) Checklist of fishes of Penghu. FRI special publication, 4, 1 - 175.","Shen, S. - C. & Wu, K. - Y. (2011) Fishes of Taiwan. National Museum of Marine Biology & Aquarium, Pingtung, 895 pp."]}

Ophichthus apicalis (Bennett, 1830) ffiAE�� Ophisurus apicalis Bennett, 1830: 692 (type locality: Sumatra, Indonesia). Ophichthus apicalis (Bennett, 1830):?Shen et al., 1993: 113;?Shao et al., 2008: 238;?Ho et al., 2010:table 1;?Chiu et al. 2013: 206; McCosker & Ho, 2015: 73. Ophichthys apicalis (Bennett, 1830):?Chen & Weng. 1967: 72;?Chen, 1969: 137;?Shen 1984 a: 118;?Chen & Yu, 1986: 259. Remarks. This name has been applied to more than one species. Several recently described species, including O. machidai, O. obtusus and O. shaoi from Taiwan have all previously been misidentified as this species. As the type was lost, no details are available for this species. Chiu et al. (2013) recognized this species but without providing any voucher for it. McCosker & Ho (2015) recognized three specimens as the present species., Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Mccosker, John E., Hibino, Yusuke, Loh, Kar-Hoe, Tighe, Kenneth A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2015, Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan, pp. 140-189 in Zootaxa 4060 (1) on page 171, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/243651

+ Bathycongrus guttulatus (G��nther, 1887) ��**Aa�� Congromuraena guttulata G��nther, 1887: 252 (type locality: off Matuku, Fiji Islands). Voucher specimens: USNM 401083 (Dong-gang); NMMB-P 4041 (Dong-gang). Remarks. This is a new record for Taiwan. It is a rare species collected by bottom trawl off southwestern Taiwan., Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Mccosker, John E., Hibino, Yusuke, Loh, Kar-Hoe, Tighe, Kenneth A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2015, Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan, pp. 140-189 in Zootaxa 4060 (1) on page 145, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/243651, {"references":["Gunther, A. (1887) Report on the deep-sea fishes collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 76. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger, 22 (pt. 57), 268 pp. [66 plates]"]}

+ Muraenichthys thompsoni Jordan & Richardson, 1908 AERA�� Muraenichthys thompsoni Jordan & Richardson, 1908: 237, fig. 1 (type locality: Manila Bay, the Philippines). Voucher specimen: NMMB-P 17508 (Dong-gang). Remarks. A new record, collected in southwestern Taiwan., Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Mccosker, John E., Hibino, Yusuke, Loh, Kar-Hoe, Tighe, Kenneth A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2015, Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan, pp. 140-189 in Zootaxa 4060 (1) on page 169, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/243651

+ Scolecenchelys macroptera (Bleeker, 1857) ⋏RA�� Muraenichthys macropterus Bleeker, 1857 a: 91 (type locality: Ambon Island, Molucca Islands, Indonesia). Voucher specimen: USNM 314037 (Hengchun, Pingtung). Remarks. This is a new record for Taiwan. The voucher specimen was collected from a tide pool in southern Taiwan., Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Mccosker, John E., Hibino, Yusuke, Loh, Kar-Hoe, Tighe, Kenneth A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2015, Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan, pp. 140-189 in Zootaxa 4060 (1) on page 176, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/243651

* Dysomma opisthoproctus Chen & Mok, 1995 aaaU�� Dysomma opisthoproctus Chen & Mok, 1995: 927, fig. 1 (type locality: off the coast of Nan-Fang-Ao, northeastern Taiwan, 200 m). Smith, 1999 a: 1661; Chen & Mok, 2001: 79; Shao et al., 2008: 238; Ho & Shao, 2011: 22, table 1; Ho et al., 2015 d: 98. Remarks. A rare species, to date known only from the holotype., Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Mccosker, John E., Hibino, Yusuke, Loh, Kar-Hoe, Tighe, Kenneth A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2015, Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan, pp. 140-189 in Zootaxa 4060 (1) on page 178, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/243651

+ Muraenichthys hattae Jordan & Snyder, 1901 AERA�� Muraenichthys hattae Jordan & Snyder, 1901: 862, fig. 12 (type locality: rock pool at Wakanoura, Wakayama Prefecture, Japan). Voucher specimen: NTUM 1075 (Da-xi). Remarks. A new record, collected in northeastern Taiwan., Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Mccosker, John E., Hibino, Yusuke, Loh, Kar-Hoe, Tighe, Kenneth A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2015, Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan, pp. 140-189 in Zootaxa 4060 (1) on pages 168-169, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/243651

Gymnothorax thyrsoideus (Richardson, 1845) ��AEA��R Muraena thrysoidea Richardson, 1845 b: 111 (type locality: Canton, China). Gymnothorax thyrsoideus (Richardson, 1845): Shao et al., 2008: 238; Ho et al., 2010:table 1; Loh et al., in press:table 1. Gymnothorax thyrsoidea (Richardson, 1845): Chen & Yu, 1986: 247; Shen et al., 1993: 107. Siderea thyrsoidea (Richardson, 1845): Chen et al., 1994: 52; Chen, 2004: 30. Remarks. A common species found in coral reef regions around Taiwan., Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Mccosker, John E., Hibino, Yusuke, Loh, Kar-Hoe, Tighe, Kenneth A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2015, Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan, pp. 140-189 in Zootaxa 4060 (1) on page 161, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/243651

+ Nessorhamphus danae Schmidt, 1931 ARffiO�� Nessorhamphus danae Schmidt, 1931: 487, fig. 4 (type locality: Indian Ocean, W of Sumatra). Voucher specimen: USNM 436661. Remarks. This is a new record for the family and genus in Taiwan and is based on a single metamorphic larva from Dong-gang, SW Taiwan. It is tentatively identified as N. danae based on the position of the last vertical blood vessel (LVBV, or renal artery), at approximately myomere 65���71, which is within the range given for this species by Karmovskaya (1985). The comparable count in N. ingolfianus, the only other species in the genus, is 72���78., Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Mccosker, John E., Hibino, Yusuke, Loh, Kar-Hoe, Tighe, Kenneth A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2015, Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan, pp. 140-189 in Zootaxa 4060 (1) on page 149, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/243651, {"references":["Schmidt, J. (1931) Oceanographic expedition of the Dana, 1928 - 1930. Nature (London), 127, 444 - 446, 487 - 490. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1038 / 127487 a 0","Karmovskaya, E. S. (1985) Mesopelagic eels of family Derichthyidae. Journal of Ichthyology, 25 (6), 119 - 134."]}

+ Ophichthus megalops Asano, 1987 ⋏RAE�� Ophichthus megalops Asano, 1987: 135, figs. 1���2 (type locality: Owase, Mie Prefecture, Japan, ca. 360 m).?Ho et al., 2010:table 1; McCosker & Ho, 2015: 72. Voucher specimens: NMMB-P 12006, 12193 (Nan-fang-ao); NMMB-P 17751 (Daxi). Remarks. New record for Taiwan. Although Ho et al. (2010) identified a specimen as this species, that specimen is now recognized as an unidentified species. The specimens on which this record is based were collected in northeastern Taiwan., Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Mccosker, John E., Hibino, Yusuke, Loh, Kar-Hoe, Tighe, Kenneth A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2015, Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan, pp. 140-189 in Zootaxa 4060 (1) on page 173, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/243651

Gymnothorax pseudomelanosomatus Loh, Shao & Chen, new species English name: False black body moray eel Fig. 1, Table 1) Holotype: TOU-AE 5302, male, 675 mm TL, 12 September 2008, off-shore from Changbin, Taitung county, Taiwan, longline, caught by J.-S. Chiou. Paratype: TOU-AE 5301, female, 736 + mm TL, 11 December 2008; are from Changbin, Taitung county, longline, caught by J.-S. Chiou. Diagnosis. An elongate and unpatterned moray eel of the genus Gymnothorax with body and fins uniformly greyish brown; anus just before mid-body, preanal length 2.0 in TL; head length 11.3 in TL; depth at gill opening 27.8 in TL. Teeth uniserial, few, long and needle-like. Mean vertebral formula 7-89 - 206. Description. Morphometric and meristic data are provided in Table 1. Following values are provided for holotype, followed by paratype in parentheses. Proportions in percent of total length: preanal length 49.3 (49.7), depth at gill opening 3.6 (3.4), depth at anus 2.4 (2.3), predorsal length 6.1 (6.0), head length 8.9 (8.8). Proportions in percent of head length: length of upper jaw 43.6 (40.9), length of lower jaw 42.6 (37.9), interorbital width 13.3 (12.2), snout length 20.5 (20.6), eye diameter 8.6 (7.8). G. prolatus G. sagmacephalus P. brummeri S. dorsalis S. sathete...Continued on next page G. prolatus G. sagmacephalus P. brummeri S. dorsalis S. sathete Teeth uniserial. The following values are provided for holotype, followed by paratype in parentheses. Median intermaxillary teeth 1 (4); maxillary teeth uniserial about 8 / 8 (10 / 10); intermaxillary teeth 6 / 6 (6 / 6); vomerine teeth uniserial 5 (6); dentary teeth uniserial about 14 / 14 (14 / 15) (Fig. 2). Head pores typical, three supraorbital pores, four infraorbital pores, six mandibular pores. Two to three branchial pores, branchial pores small before gill opening. Gill opening below mid-side. Total vertebrae 202–206, predorsal vertebrae 5–7, preanal vertebrae 89 – 89, MVF 6-89 - 206. FIGURE 2. Diagrams of dentition and placement of jaw pores from the type specimens of Gymnothorax pseudomelanosomatus.sp. nov.: A, Holotype, male, TOU-AE 5302, 675 mm TL; B, paratype, female, TOU-AE 5301, 736 + mm TL. Distribution. Known from the type series collected from southeastern Taiwan off Changbin, Taitung County at depth ca. 200 m. Biology. A small species, maximun length 675 mm TL in male, 736 mm TL in female (gravid, distended with 1.0– 1.2 mm eggs). Etymology. From the Greek pseudes (false) and melanosomatus, the name for the black body moray that it superficially resembles and has previously been identified as. To be treated as a noun in apposition. Remarks. Gymnothorax pseudomelanosomatus sp. nov. can be distinguished from the similar species, G. melanosomatus Loh, Shao & Chen 2011, by the following features (Table 2): (1) grey brown body (vs. black) (Fig 3 C); (2) longer snout length 20.5 % (vs. 17.8 %) of head length; (3) smaller eye diameter 8.2 % (vs. 10.0%) of head length; (4) smaller preanal length 49.5 % (vs. 58.5 %) of total length; and (5) preanal vertebrae 89 – 89 (vs. 105– 109). It also differs from G. prolatus Sasaki & Amaoka, 1991 (Fig 3 D) by the smaller eye diameter 8.2 % (vs. 10.1 %) of head length; smaller predorsal length 6.0 % (vs. 7.2 %) of total length, and more preanal vertebrae 89 (vs. 78), and more total vertebrae 206 (vs. 179); and from G. polyspondylus Böhlke & Randall, 2000 by the longer preanal length 49.5 % (vs. 43.3 %) of total length, and in the total vertebrae 206 (vs. 233).

* Macrocephenchelys brevirostris (Chen & Weng, 1967) ⋏ffiAEda�� Rhynchoconger brevirostris Chen & Weng, 1967: 54, fig. 40 (type locality: Tungkang, southwestern Taiwan). Chen, 1969: 132; Shen 1984 a: 113; Chen & Yu, 1986: 253; Shen et al., 1993: 117. Macrocephenchelys brevirostris (Chen & Weng, 1967): Smith in Randall & Lim, 2000: 586; Karmovskaya, 2004:S 24; Shao et al., 2008: 239; Ho et al. 2010: 23, table 1; Ho & Shao, 2011: 24, table 1. Remarks. This is a common deepwater species collected by bottom trawls, more abundant off southwestern than in northeastern Taiwan. It is likely a senior synonym of Macrocephenchelys soela Castle, 1990, described from Australia. According to Karmovskaya (2004), this species also occurs in the Philippines and New Caledonia., Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Mccosker, John E., Hibino, Yusuke, Loh, Kar-Hoe, Tighe, Kenneth A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2015, Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan, pp. 140-189 in Zootaxa 4060 (1) on page 148, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/243651, {"references":["Chen, J. T. - F. & Weng, H. T. - C. (1967) A review of the apodal fishes of Taiwan. Biological Bulletin of Tunghai University, Ichthyology Series, 6, 1 - 86.","Chen, J. T. - F. (1969) A synopsis of the vertebrates of Taiwan. Volume 1. Commerical Books Co., Taipei, 548 pp.","Shen, S. - C. (1984 a) Synopsis of fishes of Taiwan. Southern Materials Center, Taipei, Taiwan, 533 pp.","Chen, J. T. - F. & Yu, M. - J. (1986) A synopsis of the vertebrates of Taiwan, revised and enlarged edition. Commercial Press, Taipei, 1092 pp. [in Chinese]","Shen, S. - C., Lee, S. - C., Shao, K. - T., Mok, H. - K., Chen, C. - T. & Chen, C. - H. (1993) Fishes of Taiwan. Department of Zoology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 960 pp.","Karmovskaya, E. S. (2004) Benthopelagic bathyal conger eels of families Congridae and Nettastomatidae from the western tropical Pacific, with descriptions of ten new species. Journal of Ichthyology, 44 (Supplement 1), S 1 - 32.","Ho, H. - C. & Shao, K. - T. (2011) Annotated checklist and type catalog of fish genera and species described from Taiwan. Zootaxa, 2957, 1 - 74."]}

Congrhynchus talabonoides Fowler, 1934 A��Add�� Congrhynchus talabonoides Fowler, 1934: 273, fig. 33 (type locality: Macabalan Pt., northern Mindanao Island, Philippines, 8 �� 37 ' 37 "N, 124 �� 35 'E, ca. 214 fathoms [391 m]). Chen & Yu, 1986: 254. Remarks. This species has only been recorded in Taiwan once; there is a voucher in NMMB-P collection (NMMB- P 1461) and the identification is confirmed., Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Mccosker, John E., Hibino, Yusuke, Loh, Kar-Hoe, Tighe, Kenneth A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2015, Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan, pp. 140-189 in Zootaxa 4060 (1) on page 150, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/243651, {"references":["Fowler, H. W. (1934) Descriptions of new fishes obtained 1907 to 1910, chiefly in the Philippine Islands and adjacent seas. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 85, 233 - 367.","Chen, J. T. - F. & Yu, M. - J. (1986) A synopsis of the vertebrates of Taiwan, revised and enlarged edition. Commercial Press, Taipei, 1092 pp. [in Chinese]"]}

Enchelynassa canina (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) ��ffA*R Muraena canina Quoy & Gaimard, 1824: 247 (type locality: Pulau Waigeo, Papua Barat, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea). Enchelynassa canina (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824): Chen & Yu, 1986: 249; Loh et al., 2012: 210; Loh et al., in press:table 1. Remarks. A relatively deep living rare species from southeastern Taiwan represented by only a few specimens in collections., Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Mccosker, John E., Hibino, Yusuke, Loh, Kar-Hoe, Tighe, Kenneth A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2015, Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan, pp. 140-189 in Zootaxa 4060 (1) on page 154, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/243651, {"references":["Quoy, J. R. C. & Gaimard, J. P. (1824) Description des Poissons. Chapter IX. In: Freycinet, L. de, Voyage autour du Monde ... execute sur les corvettes de L. M. \" L'Uranie \" et \" La Physicienne, \" pendant les annees 1817, 1818, 1819 et 1820. Paris, pp. 192 - 401.","Chen, J. T. - F. & Yu, M. - J. (1986) A synopsis of the vertebrates of Taiwan, revised and enlarged edition. Commercial Press, Taipei, 1092 pp. [in Chinese]"]}

Pisodonophis cancrivorus (Richardson, 1848) RAA*AE�� Ophisurus cancrivorus Richardson, 1848 b: 97 (type locality: Port Essington, Northern Territory, Australia). Pisodonophis cancrivorus (Richardson, 1848): Jordan & Evermann, 1902: 326; Jordan & Richardson, 1909: 172; Chen, 1956: 76; Chen & Weng, 1967: 65; Lee, 1967: 44; Chen, 1969: 137; Shen 1984 a: 116; Chen & Yu, 1986: 258; Shen, 1988: 15; Shen et al., 1993: 114; Chen & Fang, 1999: 54; Shao et al., 2008: 238; Chen, 2004: 31; Ho et al., 2010:table 1. Remarks. A very common and abundant species found in shallow waters around Taiwan, especially over mud bottoms., Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Mccosker, John E., Hibino, Yusuke, Loh, Kar-Hoe, Tighe, Kenneth A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2015, Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan, pp. 140-189 in Zootaxa 4060 (1) on page 175, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/243651

* Gavialiceps taiwanensis (Chen & Weng, 1967) a*��ffi�� Chlopsis taiwanensis Chen & Weng, 1967: 81, fig. 61 (Type locality: Tungkang, southwestern Taiwan). Chen, 1969: 134; Shen, 1984 a: 114; Chen & Yu, 1986: 255; Shen et al., 1993: 115. Gavialiceps taiwanensis (Chen & Weng, 1967): Karmovskaya, 1994: 84; Smith in Randall & Lim, 2000: 586; Shao et al., 2008: 239; Ho et al., 2010: 25; Ho & Shao, 2011: 24, table 1; Lin et al., 2013: 167. Gavialiceps taeniola (not of Alcock, 1889): Shao et al., 2008: 239. Remarks. The assignment of this species to the Muraenesocidae is provisional. This is the most abundant eel species found in bycatch of midwater trawls in Taiwan., Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Mccosker, John E., Hibino, Yusuke, Loh, Kar-Hoe, Tighe, Kenneth A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2015, Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan, pp. 140-189 in Zootaxa 4060 (1) on pages 150-151, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/243651, {"references":["Chen, J. T. - F. & Weng, H. T. - C. (1967) A review of the apodal fishes of Taiwan. Biological Bulletin of Tunghai University, Ichthyology Series, 6, 1 - 86.","Chen, J. T. - F. (1969) A synopsis of the vertebrates of Taiwan. Volume 1. Commerical Books Co., Taipei, 548 pp.","Shen, S. - C. (1984 a) Synopsis of fishes of Taiwan. Southern Materials Center, Taipei, Taiwan, 533 pp.","Chen, J. T. - F. & Yu, M. - J. (1986) A synopsis of the vertebrates of Taiwan, revised and enlarged edition. Commercial Press, Taipei, 1092 pp. [in Chinese]","Shen, S. - C., Lee, S. - C., Shao, K. - T., Mok, H. - K., Chen, C. - T. & Chen, C. - H. (1993) Fishes of Taiwan. Department of Zoology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 960 pp.","Karmovskaya, E. S. (1994) Systematics and distribution of the eel genus Gavialiceps (Congridae) in the Indo-west Pacific. Journal of Ichthyology, 34 (3), 73 - 89.","Ho, H. - C. & Shao, K. - T. (2011) Annotated checklist and type catalog of fish genera and species described from Taiwan. Zootaxa, 2957, 1 - 74.","Alcock, A. W. (1889) Natural history notes from H. M. Indian marine survey steamer`Investigator, ' Commander Alfred Carpenter, R. N., D. S. O., commanding. -- No. 13. On the bathybial fishes of the Bay of Bengal and neighbouring waters, obtained during the seasons 1885 - 1889. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Ser. 6), 4, 450 - 461."]}

+ Yirrkala misolensis (G��nther, 1872) ���A��№ffiAE�� Ophichthys misolensis G��nther, 1872 b: 426 (type locality: Misol Island, Irian Jaya, Indonesia). Voucher specimens: NMMB-P 12003 (Dong-gang); NMMB-P 17506 (Dong-gang). Remarks. This is a new record for Taiwan; represented by only a few specimens collected by bottom trawl in southwestern Taiwan. It is very common in Vietnam, e.g. Nha Trang and Mui Ne, collected from depths less than 100 meters, based on HH's observation., Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Mccosker, John E., Hibino, Yusuke, Loh, Kar-Hoe, Tighe, Kenneth A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2015, Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan, pp. 140-189 in Zootaxa 4060 (1) on page 177, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/243651

Bascanichthys kirkii (G��nther, 1870) AAE�� Ophichthys kirkii G��nther, 1870: 89 (type locality: Rovuma Bay, eastern Africa). Bascanichthys kirkii (G��nther, 1870): Chen & Weng, 1967: 62; Chen, 1969: 137; Shen 1984 a: 116; Chen & Yu, 1986: 258; Shen et al., 1993: 110; Shao et al., 2008: 238; Ho et al., 2010:table 1. Remarks. An uncommon species; several specimens have been collected from river mouths around Taiwan., Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Mccosker, John E., Hibino, Yusuke, Loh, Kar-Hoe, Tighe, Kenneth A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2015, Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan, pp. 140-189 in Zootaxa 4060 (1) on page 166, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/243651

Channomuraena vittata (Richardson, 1845) AsR��R Ichthyophis vittatus Richardson, 1845 a: pl. 53, figs. 7���9 (type locality uncertain, brought from China). Channomuraena vittata (Richardson, 1845): Loh et al., in press:table 1. Remarks. A very rare species only represented by a few specimens collected from southeastern Taiwan. * Cirrimaxilla Chen & Shao, 1995 Cirrimaxilla Chen & Shao, 1995: 328 (Type species. Cirrimaxilla formosa Chen & Shao, 1995, by monotypy). Loh et al., 2008: 138; S��ret et al., 2008: 192; Ho & Shao, 2011: 21. * Cirrimaxilla formosa Chen & Shao, 1995 a * 3 R Cirrimaxilla formosa Chen & Shao, 1995: 330, fig. 1 (Type locality: Nanwan, southern tip of Taiwan, Ping-tung County). Shao et al., 2008: 238; Ho & Shao, 2011: 21, tale 1; Loh et al., 2008: 138; Loh et al., in press:table 1. Remarks. This species was tentatively synonymized with Channomuraena bauchotae from the Indian Ocean by B��hlke & Smith (2002), but this needs to be confirmed. At any rate, neither of these species belongs in Channomuraena, which has quite different dentition. Cirrimaxilla formosa was recently found to be common in stomach contents of sea snakes in New Caledonia (S��ret et al., 2008)., Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Mccosker, John E., Hibino, Yusuke, Loh, Kar-Hoe, Tighe, Kenneth A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2015, Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan, pp. 140-189 in Zootaxa 4060 (1) on page 152, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/243651, {"references":["Richardson, J. (1845 a) Ichthyology. Part 2. In Hinds, R. B. (Ed.), The zoology of the voyage of H. M. S. Sulphur, under the command of Captain Sir Edward Belcher, R. N., C. B., F. R. G. S., etc., during the years 1836 - 42, No. 9. London: Smith, Elder & Co., pp. 71 - 98. [plates. 45 - 54]","Chen, H. - M. & Shao, K. - T. (1995) New eel genus, Cirrimaxilla, and description of the type species, Cirrimaxilla formosa (Pisces, Muraenidae) from southern Taiwan. Bulletin of Marine Science, 57, 328 - 332.","Seret, B., Brischoux, F., Bonnet, X. & Shine R. (2008) First record of Cirrimaxilla formosa (Muraenidae) from New Caledonia, found in sea snake stomach contents. Cybium, 32 (2), 191 - 192","Ho, H. - C. & Shao, K. - T. (2011) Annotated checklist and type catalog of fish genera and species described from Taiwan. Zootaxa, 2957, 1 - 74.","Bohlke, E. B. & Smith, D. G. (2002) Type catalog of Indo-Pacific Muraenidae. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences Philadelphia, 152, 89 - 172. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1635 / 0097 - 3157 (2002) 152 [0089: TCOIPM] 2.0. CO; 2"]}

* Brachysomophis longipinnis McCosker & Randall, 2001 ��RAE��AE�� Brachysomophis longipinnis McCosker & Randall, 2001: 23, figs. 5, 7���8, 13 (type locality: Taiwan Strait, ca. 50 m). Ho & Shao, 2011: 23, table 1; McCosker & Ho, 2014: 96. Remarks. This species was originally described from the single holotype. McCosker & Ho (2014) reported two additional specimens recently collected in southwestern Taiwan., Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Mccosker, John E., Hibino, Yusuke, Loh, Kar-Hoe, Tighe, Kenneth A. & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2015, Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan, pp. 140-189 in Zootaxa 4060 (1) on pages 166-167, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/243651