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IZVLEČEK Uvod: Dostopni turizem postaja vedno bolj prepoznana domena za delovnega terapevta. Univerzalno oblikovanje se osredotoča na načrtovanje okolja, da bo to uporabno in prilagojeno čim širšemu krogu uporabnikov z namenom vključevanja in izvajanja dejavnosti oziroma okupacij. Univerzalno oblikovanje ima pomembno vlogo tudi pri načrtovanju turističnih produktov v dostopnem turizmu. Zanimala nas je univerzalna dostopnost mobilne hiške v Termah Čatež. Namen: Na podlagi zakonskih zahtev, priporočil in ogleda dejanskega stanja smo analizirali dostopnost mobilne hiške. Oblikovali smo potencialne prilagoditve, ki bi objekt naredile uporabnega vsem osebam z zmanjšano zmožnostjo. Pri izdelavi priporočil za prilagoditev smo upoštevali smernice in načela univerzalnega oblikovanja dostopnega turizma. Metode dela: Po dogovoru za sodelovanje s ponudnikom mobilne hiške v Termah Čatež smo s pomočjo pripravljenega ocenjevalnega obrazca za oceno univerzalne dostopnosti ocenili dejansko stanje objekta. Na podlagi zbranih ugotovitev smo izdelali predlog potencialnih prilagoditev mobilne hiške po vzorcu šestih korakov univerzalnega oblikovanja. Rezultati: Objekt ni univerzalno dostopen za osebe z zmanjšano zmožnostjo, precejšnja odstopanja od zakonskih zahtev in priporočil so se pokazala predvsem na področju vhoda in notranjosti objekta. Podali smo predlog prilagoditev, ki bi naredile objekt univerzalno dostopnejši. Glede na stopnjo posega, smo jih razdelili na dve skupini. Predlogi so povezani predvsem z univerzalno dostopnostjo mobilne hiške glede klančine, širine vrat in velikosti notranjih prostorov objekta. Razprava in zaključek: Kljub zavzemanju za enakopravno družbo je turistična ponudba v Sloveniji še v večini neprilagojena. Ugotovili smo, da se nedostopnost tovrstnih turističnih objektov kaže z neurejenimi dostopnimi potmi, neprilagojenimi vstopi v objekte, kar se pa tiče notranjosti samih objektov, so ti velikokrat premajhni. S prilagoditvijo mobilne hiške po načelih univerzalnega oblikovanja bi lahko objekt naredili dostopnejši in primernejši za osebe z zmanjšano zmožnostjo, bi pa prilagoditev zahtevala večji poseg. Trg proizvajalcev mobilnih hišk že ponuja možnost nabave že prilagojene hiške za tovrstne osebe, so pa te finančno težje dostopne. K prilagoditvi in funkcionalnosti mobilnih hišk bi, v vseh fazah načrtovanja, s svojim znanjem veliko doprinesel delovni terapevt, kjer se pri uresničevanju teh ciljev v procesu velikokrat poslužuje načel univerzalnega oblikovanja. Ključne besede: osebe z zmanjšano zmožnostjo, prilagajanje, mobilna hiška, dostopni turizem ABSTRACT Introduction: Accessible tourism is becoming an increasingly recognized domain for occupational therapists. Universal design focuses on planning the environment so that it will be useful and adapted to the widest possible range of users with the purpose to include and perform activities or occupations. The universal design also plays an important role in the planning of tourist products in accessible tourism. We were interested in the universal accessibility of the mobile home in Terme Čatež. Purpose: Based on legal requirements, recommendations, and a review of the actual situation, we analyzed the accessibility of the mobile home. We designed potential adaptations that would make the facility usable by all persons with reduced abilities. When making recommendations for adaptation, we took into account the guidelines and principles of the universal design of accessible tourism. Methods: Following an agreement to cooperate with the provider of a mobile home in Terme Čatež, we assessed the actual condition of the facility with the help of a prepared assessment form for assessing universal accessibility. Based on the collected findings, we created a proposal for potential adaptations of the mobile home based on the pattern of six steps of universal design. Results: The facility is not universally accessible for people with reduced abilities. Significant deviations from legal requirements and recommendations were evident mostly in the area of the entrance and interior of the facility. We proposed adjustments that would make the facility more universally accessible. Depending on the degree of intervention, we divided them into two groups. The proposals are mainly related to the universal accessibility of the mobile home in terms of the ramp, the width of the door, and the size of the interior spaces of the building. Discussion and conclusion: Despite the commitment to an equal society, the tourism offer in Slovenia is still largely unadapted. We ascertained that the inaccessibility of such tourist facilities is manifested by unorganized access routes and inadequate entrances to the facilities. As for the interior of the facilities, they are often too small. By adapting the mobile home according to the principles of universal design, the building could be made more accessible and suitable for people with reduced abilities. However, the adaptation would require major intervention. The market of mobile home manufacturers already offers the possibility of purchasing a home already adapted for such people. However, they are more difficult to be accessed financially. In all stages of planning, the adaptation and functionality of mobile homes would be greatly contributed by an occupational therapist with knowledge who often uses the principles of universal design in the process to achieve these goals. Keywords: persons with reduced abilities, adaptation, mobile home, accessible tourism

[ES] El Caravaning es un término anglosajón que hace referencia a la realización de viajes de distinta duración mediante el uso de un vehículo preparado para vivir en él. Se trata de una forma de viajar destinada a aquellas personas que desean disponer de mayor movilidad con la casa acuestas. El sector ha avanzado mucho desde sus inicios, son muchas las comodidades que se pueden encontrar dentro de una caravana, aunque dado que la sociedad es cambiante, y sus necesidades también lo son, existen ciertos aspectos que pueden ser mejorados para aumentar el confort dentro de la caravana. Es por ello que se plantea el diseño y mejora de una ventana con el objetivo de conseguir un accesorio más aislante tanto térmica como acústicamente, proporcionando a los usuarios una mejor experiencia., [EN] Caravaning is an English word that refers to making trips of different durability by using a prepared vehicle to live in it. It is a way of travelling for those who want to have more capacity of mobility with the bedding house. The sector has come a long way since its inception, there are many comforts that can be found, although since society is changing, and so are their needs, there are certain aspects that can be improved to increase comfort. According to this, a new design and improvement of a window have been proposed with the aim of obtaining a more insulating accessory both thermal and acoustic, providing users with a improved experience.

Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Thematik von Immobilien und deren Nutzung bzw Nutzungsmöglichkeiten. Begrifflichkeiten der Vermögensverwaltung und des Gewerbebetriebes werden erläutert und es erfolgt vertiefend die Analyse der Abgrenzungsmerkmale bei unterschiedlichen Nutzungsvarianten. Ebenso werden die daraus resultierenden steuerlichen Folgen bei einer Änderung der Zuordnung der Einkunftsart ausführlich dargestellt. Es wird auf die Vermietung von Immobilien abgestellt und nicht auf Vermietung beweglicher Wirtschaftsgüter, sofern diese nicht näher erwähnt werden. Ebenso werden die gewerbebetrieblichen bzw vermögensverwaltenden Abgrenzungskriterien nicht bei Nutzung von Kapitalvermögen behandelt. Hauptsächlich, sofern nicht anders erwähnt, ist von natürlichen Personen, die in Österreich unbeschränkt steuerpflichtig sind, die Rede. Zu Beginn der Arbeit werden die Eigenschaften des Gewerbebetriebes thematisiert und auch die mögliche Beurteilung einer Betätigung als Liebhabereitätigkeit behandelt. Anschließend wird die Verwaltung unbeweglichen Vermögens mit zugehörigen Begrifflichkeiten, sowie die Abgrenzungsmerkmale zum Gewerbebetrieb erläutert. Weiters wird auf Grundstücksveräußerungen sowohl im privaten als auch betrieblichen Bereich eingegangen und die Entstehung gewerblichen Grundstückshandels dargestellt. Danach werden die Folgen eines Wechsels von bloßer Vermögensverwaltung zum Gewerbebetrieb (und umgekehrt) behandelt. Mitbehandelt werden Themen im Zusammenhang mit Grundstücken, wie die steuerliche Betrachtung von Mobilheimen sowie die Entstehung und Auswirkung einer Miteigentumsgemeinschaft. Ziel der Arbeit ist es anhand der vielfältigen Nutzungsmöglichkeiten von Immobilien, in vertiefender Form die Abgrenzungsmerkmale der Vermögensverwaltung zum Gewerbebetrieb zu eruieren und eine Übersicht über die aktuell geltende Gesetzeslage sowie die Ansicht der Finanzverwaltung und der Literatur, genauso wie gerichtliche und höchstgerichtliche Rechtsprechung zu erstellen. Die Arbeit soll ebenso dazu dienen, interessierten Personen, die bisher mit diesen steuerlichen Themenbereichen wenig in Berührung gekommen sind, einen ersten Ein- und Überblick der Materie zu verschaffen. This thesis deals with the topic of property and its use or possible uses. The concepts of asset management and business operations are explained and a detailed analysis of the demarcation features for different types of use is carried out. The resulting tax consequences of a change in the classification of the type of income are also explained in detail. The focus is on the renting of real estate and not on the renting of movable assets unless these are mentioned. Similarly, the commercial or asset-managing criteria of delimitation are not dealt with in the case of the use of capital assets. Unless otherwise mentioned, the focus is on natural persons who are subject to unlimited tax liability in Austria. At the beginning of this thesis, the characteristics of a business enterprise are discussed. Subsequently, the management of immovable assets is explained with the associated terminology, as well as the demarcation features from business operations. Furthermore, the sale of real estate, both in the private and business sector, is dealt with and the emergence of commercial property trading is described. The consequences of a change from mere asset management to business operation (and vice versa) are then dealt with. Also treated are topics related to real estate, such as the fiscal consideration of mobile homes as well as the creation and effects of a joint ownership. The aim of the work is to elicit the demarcation characteristics of asset management from business operations in an in-depth form on the basis of the diverse possibilities of using real estate and to create an overview of the currently applicable legal situation as well as the view of the tax authorities and the literature, as well as judicial and supreme court rulings. The work is also intended to provide interested persons who have had little contact with these tax issues with an initial insight and overview of the subject matter.

Este proyecto presenta todo el proceso de análisis, diseño, construcción y homologación de un furgón de vivienda para un encargo con requerimientos específicos, con toda la información y documentación implicada en la conversión, siendo un proceso adaptable a diferentes proyectos de camperización con diferentes requisitos y/o diferentes tipos de vehículos. Para empezar se hace una contextualización del concepto y el sector de los vehículos camper, la tipología de estos y la normativa aplicable a las camperizaciones. Seguidamente se plantean las necesidades específicas del proyecto llevando esto a la toma de decisiones preliminares de la conversión, que a través del proceso de diseño empleado, se van concretando los detalles de todo el equipamiento y los sistemas que lo componen hasta llegar a un diseño definitivo. Se realizan los cálculos pertinentes de cada apartado de estudio y se hace un cálculo de costes integral de todo el desarrollo de proyecto, de principio a fin, incluyendo: proyección, construcción y homologación. This project presents the entire process of analysis, design, construction and homologation of a motor-home for a contract with specific requirements, with all the information and documentation involved in the conversion, being a process adaptable to different camper conversion projects with different requirements and/or different types of vehicles. To begin with, a contextualization of the concept and the sector of camper vehicles is made, their typology and the regulations applicable to camperizations. Next, the specific needs of the project are raised, leading to the preliminary decision-making of the conversion, which through the design process used, specifies the details of all the equipment and the systems that compose it until reaching a final design. The pertinent calculations of each section of study are made and a comprehensive cost calculation is made of the entire development of the project, from start to finish, including: projection, construction and homologation.

Aquest projecte presenta tot el procés de creació del disseny de catorze mobles per furgonetes camper. En primer lloc, realitzarem una sèrie d’estudis del sector, de la competència i dels productes que hi ha al mercat per tal de tenir un punt de partida. Seguidament, brindarem una investigació de les principals necessitats dels usuaris que volen camperitzar una furgoneta. Aquesta investigació té dues funcions principals, d’una banda, tenir clares les necessitats per tal de poder dissenyar els mobles tan acurats com sigui possible, i d’altra banda, atorgar-li a un potencial client la informació imprescindible per camperitzar la seva furgoneta. Pel que fa el disseny de mobles, un dels principals objectius és ser adaptables en diferents models de furgonetes. Això ens desmarca de la competència, augmentant les vendes d’un mateix moble ja que pot ser produït en massa per abaratir el seu cost. Aquests mobles han de buscar sempre la multifuncionalitat per tal d’estalviar espai dins la furgoneta. En aquest projecte és mostra el modelatge d’aquests mobles i s’explica el seu muntatge. Finalment, s’ha realitzat un catàleg amb tots els mobles i la informació rellevant per potencials clients i usuaris. This project presents the whole process of creating the design of fourteen pieces of furniture for camper vans. First of all, we will carry out a study of the sector, of the competition and of the market products in order to have a point of departure. Next, we will provide an investigation of the main needs of users who want to camp a van. This research has two main functions, on the one hand, to have clear the needs of our clients in order to be able to design the furniture as accurately as possible, and on the other hand, to give to a potential customer, the essential information to camp their van. When it comes to the furniture design, one of the main goals is to be adaptable in different models of vans. This allow us to stand out from the competition, increasing sales of the same piece of furniture, given that it can be mass-produced to lower its cost. This furniture always looks for multifunctionality in order to save space inside the van. The project also shows the modeling of this furniture and explains its assembly. Finally, a catalog has been created with all the furniture and relevant information for potential customers and users.

En aquest document es mostra el resultat d’un estudi per la camperització d’un element de transport per a viatjar, en concret, el d’una una furgoneta de la marca i model Volkswagen Caddy Maxi. Tota la informació recollida permet valorar les diferents opcions en l’àmbit de disseny, organització i materials per escollir les òptimes. Seguidament, amb el programa AutoCAD s’elabora els plànols i la distribució de les instal·lacions d’aquest projecte. Finalment es realitza un pressupost global i unes conclusions