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The enforcement in the Chilean territory of the law 20,958 of Contribution to Public Space will cause a significant change in the city. Impacts on the city planning and territorial administrations instruments, the productive sector and the its community. It seems advisable and necessary make visible in advance the effects in order that the public policy acceptance, construction and consolidation would be consistent and adequate, allowing to overcome the scarcity of endowments and opportunities for urban life. Situation generated in time as a result of the urban densification processes that increased the occupation and diversified the applications.The analysis of the evolution and modes of production of residential buildings in height in Santiago city allowed to validate the relevance of the construction of public space that solves the functional requirements, promotes integration, consolidates community life and minimizes the effect density by compensating the agglomeration with amenities for recreation, showing that independent of the political, economic, social and cultural changes that occur on society, the social welfare caused by the satisfaction of collective needs is achieved with access to goods and services available to society as a whole.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the susceptibility of clinical isolates of Enterobacterales and Pseudomonas aeruginosa to fosfomycin and to determine the concordance of disk diffusion (DD) and broth microdilution (BMD) with agar dilution (AD) for fosfomycin susceptibility testing. Methods: The activity of fosfomycin against 225 clinical isolates of Escherichia coli (n = 64), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 68), Enterobacter spp. (n = 28) and P. aeruginosa (n = 65) was tested by AD, DD and BMD. For DD, results were recorded considering and not considering colonies growing within the inhibition halo as recommended by the CLSI and EUCAST, respectively. Escherichia coli breakpoints were used for all Enterobacterales. Results were reported as categorical agreement (CA), major error (ME; false-resistant), very major error (VME; false-susceptible) and minor error (any other discrepancies). Results: Fosfomycin susceptibility of all tested species was >90% by AD. Following CLSI guidelines, DD was the only method reaching ≥90% CA with AD for E. coli and K. pneumoniae, albeit yielding 6% ME. Neither DD nor BMD achieved acceptable CA percentages for Enterobacter spp. Following EUCAST guidelines, none of the methods had CA ≥ 90%. For Enterobacterales, the best performance of DD is achieved when read as indicated by EUCAST but interpreted according the CLSI breakpoints (>97% CA; 0% VME; ≤2% ME). For P. aeruginosa, BMD yielded the best results (89% CA; 0% VME; 11% ME). Conclusion: Neither DD or BMD provide accurate results owing to unacceptable ME and VME percentages even when performed as intended by the guidelines.

Influencers are the new brand narrative. This is why many companies and institutions are positioning their executives –using their full names– to build loyalty amongst their diverse client base. On the other hand, the reputation strategy known as “CEO Executive Visibility” aims to promote a brand by putting the spotlight on its top management and aligning their character traits with the values that the organisation wishes to transmit, thus capturing new audiences, improving follower loyalty and generating more engagement. Along these lines, and using content analysis and quantitative research methods, and combining economic and communication factors as theoretical underpinnings, this investigation examines how the chairpersons of the companies listed in the Ibex 35 (the Spanish benchmark index) use the main social networks (Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn, Instagram, YouTube and personal blogs). The results obtained show how executive visibility strategies are applied in Spain and who the main influencers in this financial environment are. This research evidences that the chairpersons of Ibex 35 companies do not post consistently on social media and that there is a link between the public image of a company’s top management and the perception of a company and its commitment to its audience.

Abstract Objective To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the Allplex™ Entero-DR, a quantitative PCR-based method, for the detection of β-lactamase-encoding genes and vancomycin-resistance determinants in 156 previously characterized Gram-negative bacilli and Enterococcus spp. from bacterial cultures. Result The method had 100% sensitivity and between 92 and 100% of specificity for identifying bla KPC, bla VIM, bla IMP, bla NDM, bla OXA-48-like, bla CTX-M and vanA. In nine isolates, unspecific amplifications were detected. The Ct of these false positives was above 33. The Ct of the correctly identified bla and van genes did not surpass 28 and 30, respectively. None of the clinical isolates included as negative controls yielded any amplification. Therefore, the Allplex™ Entero-DR assay is a highly accurate test for the detection of important antibiotic resistance determinants. With this assay, reliable results can be obtained within 3 h. However, according to our data, samples with Ct values greater than 33 should be considered with caution.

Abstract We analyzed theoretically and experimentally the performance of the 19 different ornamental caps of the individual chimneys located on the terrace of Palau Güell (Barcelona, Spain) designed by Antoni Gaudí. This set of chimney caps has wide range of external geometries and different number and shapes of openings. Models of the chimney caps were obtained using photogrammetry and 3D printing. Wind tunnel measurements of the pressure inside the stack pipe connected to the cap were performed for different external and stack flow velocities. Two distinct orientations of the external flow with respect to the chimneys were considered. We derived a simple theoretical model, based on the potential flow theory, to relate the non-dimensional pressure reduction in the stack (chimney draft) with the ratio between the external and stack flow velocities. It has been found that the behavior of the chimneys caps predicted by this model is in agreement with the measurements. It has been found that the performance of the chimneys depends mainly on the number of supports of the conical cover of the cap and it is essentially independent on the shape of the cap and on the number and geometry of the openings located on the cap. These conclusions obtained for this particular set of chimneys can be useful for the design of caps for ornamental or general use.

Abstract Background Ureaplasma urealyticum is a fastidious bacteria which lacks a cell wall. Extragenital infections are rare in immunocompetent adults. There are few literature reports of perinephric abscess. We present a case of non-resolving multifocal “culture-negative” abscesses in a hypogammaglobulinemic adult female due to U. urealyticum. Case presentation 66-year-old female with a one-week history of fever, malaise and new right hip and leg pain. Past medical history was notable for chronic pancytopenia secondary to in remission B cell follicular lymphoma, ESRD on intermittent hemodialysis with bilateral nephrostomy tubes and Crohn’s. CT abdomen/pelvis revealed a small left perinephric hematoma and proximal right femur fluid collection. Persistent right thigh pain led to additional ultrasound with anterior thigh collection and CT revealed an irregular rim-enhancing fluid collection in the left posterior pararenal space. Antimicrobial therapy included ertapenem and vancomycin followed by meropenem, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, daptomycin and metronidazole in setting of persistent culture-negative results and clinical deterioration. Following detection of U. urealyticum by 16S rDNA PCR in both left pararenal and right trochanteric bursa abscesses doxycycline was started. Despite this, the patient died four days later. Conclusions Disseminated infection by U. urealyticum has been documented in immunocompromised adult patients with few reports of perinephric abscess. We propose that ascending genitourinary route led to perinephric abscess. The multiple disseminated fluid collections make it highly suspicious for hematogenous spread given the lack of radiographic enhancement to suggest contiguous spread. Diagnosis and treatment of U. urealyticum-disseminated infection is extremely challenging as culture is laborious and not routinely performed. Furthermore, the lack of cell wall renders beta-lactams and vancomycin ineffective and therefore requirement for “atypical” coverage. Early diagnosis and treatment are key to prevent further complications and death.

The annealing temperature and thickness are two important factors to optimize the morphology of the active layer for a better performance of inverted polymer solar cells (iPSCs). Herein, the effects of the annealing temperature and the thickness of the active layer on the performances of iPSCs based on PBDB-T:IT-M are analyzed. Titanium oxide and vanadium oxide are used as electron and hole transporting layers, respectively. The device made with PBDB-T:IT-M layer (ca. 90 nm thick) thermally annealed at 100 °C exhibits the best performing under simulated AM 1.5G light. The idealities factor of iPSCs with two different annealing temperatures are determined by measuring the open-circuit voltage as a function of light intensity. The study shows that recombination losses in iPSCs annealed at 160 °C are governed by non-geminate recombination mechanisms, while in iPSCs annealed at 100 °C, the recombination losses are mainly due to band-tail trap states. Additional impedance spectroscopy measurements reveal that the device with an annealing temperature of 160 °C exhibits a higher charge-transfer in the bulk layer. However, the device thermally annealed at 100 °C shows lower charge-transfer resistance through all layers involved in the charge extraction. The results of this work show the importance of the annealing temperature on the charge-transfer at the active layer/vanadium oxide interface.

RNA-seq has become the standard tool for collecting genome-wide expression data in diverse fields, from quantitative genetics and medical genomics to ecology and developmental biology. However, RNA-seq library preparation is still prohibitive for many laboratories. Recently, the field of single-cell transcriptomics has reduced costs and increased throughput by adopting early barcoding and pooling of individual samples —producing a single final library containing all samples. In contrast, RNA-seq protocols where each sample is processed individually are significantly more expensive and lower throughput than single-cell approaches. Yet, many projects depend on individual library generation to preserve important samples or for follow-up re-sequencing experiments. Improving on currently available RNA-seq methods we have developed TM3′seq, a 3′-enriched library preparation protocol that uses Tn5 transposase and preserves sample identity at each step. TM3′seq is designed for high-throughput processing of individual samples (96 samples in 6h, with only 3h hands-on time) at a fraction of the cost of commercial kits ($1.5 per sample). The protocol was tested in a range of human and Drosophila melanogaster RNA samples, recovering transcriptomes of the same quality and reliability than the commercial NEBNext kit. We expect that the cost- and time-efficient features of TM3′seq make large-scale RNA-seq experiments more permissive for the entire scientific community.

Resumen: Julián Herbert es un escritor, poeta, músico y cantante de rock mexicano nacido en Acapulco en 1971. Ganador del Premio Nacional de Cuento Juan José Arreola en 2006 por el compendio de cuentos Cocaína (Manual de usuario), entrega en su tercera obra narrativa un florilegio de situaciones y perspectivas sobre el consumo de la famosa droga. Sin complacencia, y en un prolífico diálogo intertextual que alimenta la emergencia de una poética singular, los 16 cuentos echan una luz original y cruda sobre las distintas dimensiones de la adicción, desde sus promesas seductoras y sus efectos embriagadores hasta los abismos más destructores de la dependencia y de la desilusión. De espejismo en paraíso artificial y de canto de las sirenas en caza de ballenas blancas, se despliegan las trayectorias de los protagonistas, náufragos en busca de una realidad alternativa, a contracorriente o contracultural. Résumé : Julián Herbert est un écrivain, poète, musicien et chanteur de rock mexicain né à Acapulco en 1971. Lauréat du Prix National de la Nouvelle Juan José Arreola en 2006 pour le recueil de nouvelles Cocaína (Manual de usuario), il livre dans ce troisième opus narratif un florilège de situations et de perspectives sur la consommation de la drogue éponyme. Sans complaisance, et dans un prolifique dialogue intertextuel qui nourrit l’émergence d’une poétique singulière, les 16 nouvelles jettent un éclairage original et cru sur les différentes facettes de l’addiction, des promesses séductrices et des effets enivrants jusqu’aux gouffres les plus destructeurs de la dépendance et de la désillusion. De mirage en paradis artificiel et de chant des sirènes en chasse à la baleine blanche, les trajectoires des personnages se déploient, naufragés en quête d’une réalité alternative, à contre-courant ou contre-culturelle. Abstract: Julián Herbert is a Mexican writer, poet, musician and rock singer who was born in Acapulco in 1971. Winner of the National Short Story Prize Juan José Arreola in 2006 for the collection of short stories Cocaína (Manual de usuario), he offers in this third narrative book an anthology of situations and perspectives about cocaine consumption. Uncompromisingly, and through a rich intertextual dialogue that nourishes the emergency of a singular poetics, the 16 short stories shed a crude and original light upon the many faces of drug addiction, from the seducing promises and the fascinating effects until the most destructing depths of dependence and disillusion. From mirage to artificial paradise and from the song of the siren to whale hunting, the characters’ paths spread out like castaways in search for an alternative reality, a reality that would go against the flow, like a countercurrent or counterculture.

Este artículo presenta los resultados de investigación titulada “Identidad cultural de la provincia de Soto y la provincia de Vélez en el departamento de Santander”, realizado como trabajo de grado por Karina Archila cuya pregunta problema fue ¿qué acciones comunicativas consolidan la identidad cultural y las tradiciones en las provincias de Soto y Vélez? El objetivo general fue realizar un estudio comparativo del arraigo de la identidad cultural entre los habitantes de las provincias referenciadas, en Santander, Colombia. Como objetivos específicos: identificar el conocimiento acerca de los elementos que conforman su identidad cultural que tienen los habitantes de las provincias en mención; caracterizar las prácticas culturales que existen en dichas provincias, y la intervención que hacen las alcaldías junto a las Casas de la Cultura para su visibilización; enunciar los eventos cotidianos de los habitantes de la provincia de Soto y la provincia de Vélez, así como la puesta en práctica de costumbres y características tradicionales arraigadas a su cultura santandereana. Para desarrollar el estudio se usó el método fenomenológico con enfoque mixto, se emplearon la encuesta, la entrevista y el diario de campo como técnicas de recolección de datos. Entre los principales resultados se encontró que en las dos provincias se atribuye gran importancia a la identidad cultural pero en la provincia de Vélez está mucho más arraigada ya que el veleño está convencido de su identidad y enseña esos valores a sus hijos, tradición que se ha transmitido de generación en generación desde la colonia.

El propósito del presente artículo es analizar las estrategias referentes a los factores curriculares, plan de estudios, investigación e innovación y práctica docente, implementados por la Escuela Normal Superior María Auxiliadora de Cúcuta (ENSMA) en el año 2018 y, si los mismos se ajustan a las condiciones básicas de calidad establecidas por el Ministerio de Educación Nacional (MEN) para el funcionamiento de los Programas de Formación Complementaria de las Escuelas Superiores Normales. El artículo se elaboró a partir del método documental, la información sobre los factores implementados se obtuvo a partir de los informes elaborados por mesas de trabajo conformadas por la ENSMA. La investigación arrojó como resultado que las estrategias diseñadas por la mencionada Institución Educativa permiten el cumplimiento de las condiciones básicas de calidad establecidas por el MEN, concernientes a los factores analizados. The purpose of this article is to analyze the strategies related to curricular factors, curricula, research, innovation, and teaching practices implemented by the María Auxiliadora de Cúcuta Teacher Training College (ENSMA) in 2018, and whether they conform to the basic quality conditions established by the Ministry of National Education (MEN) for the operation of Complementary Training Programs of Teacher Training Colleges. The article was elaborated using a documentary method. The information on the implemented factors was obtained from the documentary reports elaborated by working groups, conformed by the ENSMA. The research showed that the strategies designed by the mentioned Educational Institution, allow the fulfillment of the basic conditions of quality established by the MEN, concerning the analyzed factors.

Background: Parents'/guardians' perceptions of their children's oral health are useful proxies of their clinically determined caries status and are known to influence dental care-seeking behavior. In this study, we sought to examine (1) the social and behavioral correlates of fair/poor child oral health reported by guardians and (2) quantify the association of these reports with the prevalence of early childhood caries (ECC), unrestored caries lesions and toothaches.Methods: We used guardian-reported child oral health information (dichotomized as fair/poor vs. excellent/very good/good) obtained via a parent questionnaire that was completed for n = 7,965 participants (mean age = 52 months; range = 36-71 months) of a community-based, cross-sectional epidemiologic study of early childhood oral health in North Carolina between 2016 and 2019. Social, demographic, oral health-related behavioral data, and reports on children's history of toothaches (excluding teething) were collected in the same questionnaire. Unrestored ECC (i.e., caries lesions) was measured via clinical examinations in a subset of n = 6,328 children and was defined as the presence of one or more tooth surfaces with an ICDAS ≥ 3 caries lesion. Analyses relied on descriptive and bivariate methods, and multivariate modeling with average marginal effect (A.M.E.) estimation accounting for the clustered nature of the data. Estimates of association [prevalence ratios (PR) and adjusted marginal effects (AME) with 95% confidence intervals (CI)] were obtained via multilevel generalized linear models using Stata's svy function and accounting for the clustered nature of the data.Results: The prevalence of fair/poor oral health in this sample was 15%–it increased monotonically with children's age, was inversely associated with parents' educational attainment, and was higher among Hispanics (21%) and African Americans (15%) compared to non-Hispanic whites (11%). Brushing less than twice a day, not having a dental home, and frequently consuming sugar-containing snacks and beverages were significantly associated with worse reports (P < 0.0005). Children with fair/poor reported oral health were twice as likely to have unrestored caries lesions [prevalence ratio (PR) = 2.0; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.8-2.1] and 3.5 times as likely to have experienced toothaches [PR = 3.5; 95% CI = 3.1-3.9] compared to those with better reported oral health.Conclusions: Guardian reports of their children's oral health are valuable indicators of clinical and public health-important child oral health status. Those with fair/poor guardian-reported child oral health have distinguishing characteristics spanning socio-demographics, oral-health related practices, diet, and presence of a dental home.

El aprendizaje de los estudiantes en la Educación Superior depende de múltiples factores, entre ellos las dimensiones pedagógica y tecnológica; el presente trabajo muestra un estudio de evaluación para un conjunto de materiales vertidos en una plataforma educativa, con la extracción de aquellos factores que muestran aportación significativa en la forma de aprender en Entornos Virtuales de Aprendizaje (EVA). Mediante una metodología cuantitativa, se realiza un análisis de la condición de una muestra de n=19 Guías de Estudio Independiente (GEI) mediante un instrumento que mide la calidad de los materiales presentados; los resultados del análisis evidencian el estado de eficiencia del modelo educativo con relación a la dimensión pedagógica, los elementos que debe contener, la estructura de materiales y una propuesta para que el instrumento y análisis de la información sean replicados en diversos contextos de la Educación a Distancia (EaD). Abstract Knowledge acquisition in higher education students depends on multiple factors, among them, pedagogical and technological dimensions. This research shows a study of an evaluation performed on a compilation of material provided within an educational platform, with the extraction of factors that demonstrate significant contributions in the manner by which learning is achieved in a virtual learning environment (VLE). By means of a quantitative methodology, an analysis was performed on condition sample n=19 independent study guidelines (ISG) with an instrument which measures the quality of materials presented. The results of the analysis provide evidence of the status of efficiency in the educational model in relation with the pedagogical dimension, the elements should consist of the material’s structure and a proposal so that the instrument and analysis of the information be replicated in different distance educational contexts.

Individual animals vary in their behaviors. This is true even when they share the same genotype and were reared in the same environment. Clusters of covarying behaviors constitute behavioral syndromes, and an individual’s position along such axes of covariation is a representation of their personality. Despite these conceptual frameworks, the structure of behavioral covariation within a genotype is essentially uncharacterized and its mechanistic origins unknown. Passing hundreds of inbred Drosophila individuals through an experimental pipeline that captured hundreds of behavioral measures, we found sparse but significant correlations among small sets of behaviors. Thus, the space of behavioral variation has many independent dimensions. Manipulating the physiology of the brain, and specific neural populations, altered specific correlations. We also observed that variation in gene expression can predict an individual’s position on some behavioral axes. This work represents the first steps in understanding the biological mechanisms determining the structure of behavioral variation within a genotype.

Purpose: We report the case of a 33-year-old male who presented with unilateral central serous retinopathy three days after the injection of a COVID-19 vaccine. Observations: A 33-year-old healthy Hispanic male referred to the ophthalmology service due to blurry vision and metamorphopsia in the right eye without any flashes, floaters, eye redness or pain. The patient reported that 69 hours prior to presentation he received the first dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine. He denied any past ocular history or pertinent medical history. He does not take any medicines and denies stressful factors in his life. The clinical examination and imaging tests were consistent with central serous retinopathy that resolved in three months. Conclusions and importance: This is the first report of an ocular complication potentially associated with a COVID-19 vaccination. Our case contributes information of a side effect potentially related to this new vaccine.

Presentación del volumen 67/3.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic Gram-negative pathogen with an increase in the frequency of infections caused by multidrug resistant (MDR) and extensively drug resistant (XDR) strains, limiting the available therapeutic options. The most troublesome resistance is the acquisition and production of carbapenemases such as Verona integron-encoded metallo-β-lactamases (VIM), the most frequent and widespread, and the Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemases (KPC), which has continuously spread in the last decade. Its dissemination is linked to their location on mobile genetic elements (MGEs). In Colombia, VIM and KPC have been increasing in its frequency showing major successful dissemination. In this article, we molecularly characterized and analyzed the genetic context of blaVIM and blaKPC in carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa (CRPA) isolates from infected and colonized patients in two tertiary-care hospitals, one in Medellín and the other in a municipality close to Medellín, both areas with high carbapenemase endemicity in Colombia (2013–2015). Using whole-genome sequencing (WGS), we identified a remarkable variety of genetic backgrounds in these MDR P. aeruginosa isolates carrying blaKPC–2 and blaVIM–2. There were a diversity of class 1 integron and variations in the gene cassettes associated to blaVIM–2, as well as a possible event of spread of blaKPC–2 mediated by a plasmid that contained part of Tn4401b in one infection case. The dissemination of blaVIM–2 and blaKPC–2 in P. aeruginosa in this area in Colombia has been strongly influenced by successful international clones, carrying these genes and additional determinants of resistance on MGEs, accompanied by gene rearrangement under an antimicrobial selection pressure. These findings emphasize the need to implement control strategies based on rational antibiotic use.

Plasmid-mediated dissemination of antibiotic resistance among fecal Enterobacteriaceae in natural ecosystems may contribute to the persistence of antibiotic resistance genes in anthropogenically impacted environments. Plasmid transfer frequencies measured under laboratory conditions might lead to overestimation of plasmid transfer potential in natural ecosystems. This study assessed differences in the conjugative transfer of an IncP-1 (pKJK5) plasmid to three natural Escherichia coli strains carrying extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, by filter mating. Matings were performed under optimal laboratory conditions (rich LB medium and 37°C) and environmentally relevant temperatures (25, 15 and 9°C) or nutrient regimes mimicking environmental conditions and limitations (synthetic wastewater and soil extract). Under optimal nutrient conditions and temperature, two recipients yielded high transfer frequencies (5 × 10–1) while the conjugation frequency of the third strain was 1000-fold lower. Decreasing mating temperatures to psychrophilic ranges led to lower transfer frequencies, albeit all three strains conjugated under all the tested temperatures. Low nutritive media caused significant decreases in transconjugants (−3 logs for synthetic wastewater; −6 logs for soil extract), where only one of the strains was able to produce detectable transconjugants. Collectively, this study highlights that despite less-than-optimal conditions, fecal organisms may transfer plasmids in the environment, but the transfer of pKJK5 between microorganisms is limited mainly by low nutrient conditions.

Synaptic plasticity is characterized by remodeling of existing synapses caused by strengthening and/or weakening of connections. This is represented by long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD). The occurrence of a presynaptic spike (or action potential) followed by a temporally nearby postsynaptic spike induces LTP; conversely, if the postsynaptic spike precedes the presynaptic spike, it induces LTD. This form of synaptic plasticity induction depends on the order and timing of the pre- and postsynaptic action potential, and has been termed spike time-dependent plasticity (STDP). After an epileptic seizure, LTD plays an important role as a depressor of synapses, which may lead to their complete disappearance together with that of their neighboring connections until days after the event. Added to the fact that after an epileptic seizure the network seeks to regulate the excess activity through two key mechanisms: depressed connections and neuronal death (eliminating excitatory neurons from the network), LTD becomes of great interest in our study. To investigate this phenomenon, we develop a biologically plausible model that privileges LTD at the triplet level while maintaining the pairwise structure in the STPD and study how network dynamics are affected as neuronal damage increases. We find that the statistical complexity is significantly higher for the network where LTD presented both types of interactions. While in the case where the STPD is defined with purely pairwise interactions an increase is observed as damage becomes higher for both Shannon Entropy and Fisher information.

El sector periodístico español se caracteriza por la merma de la capacidad de negocio en sus unidades mercantiles dedicadas al papel y la búsqueda ineludible de modelos que permitan su continuidad. Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar los principales grupos periodísticos en el ámbito regional, en base a la distribución autonómica y al comportamiento de algunos de sus periódicos. Los once casos sometidos a análisis, de los que se analizan las cifras principales de su actividad económica (ingresos y EBITDA) y aquellas vinculadas a su output (tirada y difusión), son: Joly, Henneo, Zeta, Prensa Ibérica, Serra, Vocento, Promecal, Edigrup Media, Godó, Grupo Voz y Noticias. Los resultados permiten cuantificar la paulatina pérdida de cuota de mercado de los periódicos regionales.

Concomitant inhibition of multiple cancer-driving kinases is an established strategy to improve the durability of clinical responses to targeted therapies. The difficulty of discovering kinase inhibitors with an appropriate multitarget profile has, however

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This article presents the application of the Internet of things (IoT), as a technological tool for the development of a wireless sensor network with the aim of monitoring and controlling a series of environmental variables affecting the cultivation of coffee and its final quality. The logical and physical design of the network and its devices was carried out, the sensors network was configured in a given field and the information of certain environmental variables was collected to be compared with a series of parameters already established. This procedure will allow the coffee growers to observe the behavior of these variables over time and set the generation of alerts or warnings when these measures are outside the established ranges. The study determined that the management of coffee cultivation is quite complex due to the large number of varieties found, the terrain and environmental variables affecting the production process and the final quality of the grain. It was also determined that the development and implementation of wireless sensor networks is possible today due to factors such as the reduction of device costs and the use of open source software, avoiding additional licensing values. Finally, based on the parameters analyzed, it was possible to establish that one of the main problems in coffee crops is the intense humidity that, in practice, can affect the performance of the sensors and their measurements.

La presente investigación tuvo como propósito evaluar el bienestar animal en dos sistemas de producción caprinos en Ocaña Norte de Santander. El enfoque investigativo fue mixto; componente cualitativo recopilando datos por observación e interacción directa con los ejemplares, y el cuantitativo midió los cuatro principios del protocolo Welfare Quality® (buena alimentación, buen alojamiento, buena salud y comportamiento adecuado), 11 criterios y 33 indicadores para valorar el bienestar animal. El tipo de investigación aplicada fue descriptiva caracterizando el proceso de los apriscos. El análisis de resultados demostró que los dos sistemas de producción obtuveiron calificación de excelente, ya que el puntaje en todos los principios evaluados fue mayor al 55%, presentado una valoración general promedio de 93.47%. Discriminados de la siguiente forma 98,47% buena alimentación, 95,02% buen alojamiento, 90,20% buena sanidad y 90,18% en comportamiento apropriado, debido a los puntos a mejorar en los indicadores de los critérios evaluados.

Background: Recent studies suggest that sustained use of generic antibiotics may be associated with clinical failure and emergence of antibacterial resistance. The present study was designed to determine the clinical outcome between the use of generic meropenem (GM) and brand-name meropenem (BNM). Additionally, this study evaluated the economic impact of GM and BNM to determine if the former represents a cost-effective alternative to the latter. Methods: Patients treated between January 2011 and May 2014 received GM while patients treated between June 2014 and March 2017 received BNM. Mortality was compared between groups. Total infection cost was defined by the cost of antimicrobial consumption, length of stay, and laboratory and imaging exams until infection resolution. Findings: A total of 168 patients were included; survival rate for the 68 patients treated with GM was 38% compared to 59% in the patients treated with BNM. Multivariate analysis showed that the variables most strongly-associated with mortality were cardiovascular disease (OR 18.18, 95% CI 1.25–262.3, p = 0.033) and treatment with generic meropenem (OR 18.45, 95% CI 1.45–232.32, p = 0.024). On the other hand, total infection cost did not show a significant difference between groups (BNM $10,771 vs. GM $11,343; p = 0.91). Interpretation: The present study suggests that patients treated with GM have a risk of death 18 times higher compared to those treated with BNM. Furthermore, economic analysis shows that GM is not more cost effective than BNM. Summary: More studies measuring clinical outcomes are needed to confirm the clinical equivalence of brand-name versus generic antibiotics, not only for meropenem but also for other molecules. Keywords: Generic drugs, Meropenem, Mortality, Costs, Critical care, Gram negative bacteria

El presente estudio asocia la presencia de estrés académico y las estrategias de afrontamiento utilizadas por los estudiantes universitarios matriculados en una Institución de Educación Superior en Cartagena de Indias (Colombia). Corresponde a un estudio analítico de corte transversal, en el cual participaron 1947 estudiantes matriculados durante el primer período de 2018. Para tal fin se utilizaron tres instrumentos: la Encuesta sobre Aspectos Sociodemográficos, la Escala de Afrontamiento del Estrés Académico (A-CEA) y la Escala de Estrés Académico Percibido (EEAP). Para el análisis bivariado, se empleó el test de Fisher. La comparación de frecuencia de uso de cada una de las estrategias de afrontamiento ante cada situación estresante, se realizó a través de análisis de varianzas multivariante de una vía (MANOVA). Los participantes fueron en su gran mayoría hombres (53.5%), solteros (95.4%), de nivel socioeconómico bajo (63.4%), con pérdida de alguna asignatura (50.23%). Los estudiantes ante situaciones estresantes utilizan como estrategia de afrontamiento la reevaluación positiva, la planificación y el apoyo social ante la competencia por las calificaciones (p=0.00); debilidad de carácter (p=0.00); profesores críticos (p=0.00) y cantidad de trabajo (p=0.02). La estrategia de afrontamiento más utilizada por los estudiantes fue la reevaluación positiva ante los diferentes estresores académicos, el establecer los elementos a intervenir y las estrategias a utilizar para fortalecer las respuestas del estudiante ante las situaciones de estrés.

Over the past 20 years, Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) patients and providers have seen an increase in options to treat PAH. Currently, there are choices for the delivery of medications approved to treat patients with PAH where at one point the only option was intravenous (IV) therapy. This case study details the transition from IV Epoprostenol to oral Treprostinil for the treatment of a 53 year old female diagnosed with severe Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension whose quality of life became unbearable by the IV medication delivery route. This patient was a synchronized swimmer in her youth and her passion for water activities continued throughout her short life. After her diagnosis of severe PAH, her life abruptly changed as she was placed on triple therapy, which consisted of an endothelin receptor antagonist (ERA), a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor (pde-5), and the IV epoprostenol. The patient experienced severe side effects that negatively impacted her ability to resume her activities of daily life and swimming. Although she remained hemodynamically stable on IV therapy, her poor quality of life and severe depression convinced her cardiologist that transitioning to an oral treprostinil would be the only option for her survival. At the time, there was a lack of clinical trials or guidelines to support the transition from IV to oral prostacyclins to follow, so an interdisciplinary team approach needed to be taken to ensure that the safety and efficacy of the transition would be maintained.

Résumé : Quelques-uns des auteurs les plus remarqués et prolifiques sur le devant de la scène mexicaine de ces dernières années, comme Mario Bellatin, Cristina Rivera Garza et Jorge Volpi, interrogent dans leurs récits les rapports complexes qui articulent le je avec l’altérité. Dans El Gran Vidrio (2007), La muerte me da (2007) et El jardín devastado (2008) respectivement, l’introspection du narrateur homodiégétique mène à une exploration sans complaisance de la place de l’autre dans les processus de construction de l’identité subjective. Il en ressort une vision désabusée des relations humaines, mais aussi et surtout, une grande effervescence créative qui emporte le sujet narrateur dans un devenir-autre permanent. Resumen: Algunos de los escritores más notables y prolíficos en el escenario literario mexicano de los últimos años, como Mario Bellatin, Cristina Rivera Garza y Jorge Volpi, cuestionan en sus relatos las complejas relaciones que articulan al yo con la alteridad. En El Gran Vidrio (2007), La muerte me da (2007) y El jardín devastado (2008) respectivamente, la introspección del narrador homodiegético conduce a una exploración poco indulgente de la importancia del otro en los procesos de construcción de la identidad subjetiva. De ahí resultan una visión desilusionada de las relaciones humanas, pero también y sobre todo, una marcada efervescencia creativa que guía al sujeto narrador hacia un devenir-otro permanente. Abstract: Some of the most outstanding and prolific writers on the contemporary Mexican literature stage, like Mario Bellatin, Cristina Rivera Garza and Jorge Volpi, wonder in their narrative about the complex connections between the self and alterity. In El Gran Vidrio (2007), La muerte me da (2007) and El jardín devastado (2008) respectively, the homodiegetic narrator’s introspection leads to an uncompromising exploration of the place of the other in subjective identity construct processes. It results in a disillusioned vision of human relationships, but also and most importantly an unrestrained creativity that brings the first person narrator to a permanent becoming-other.

The present paper characterizes the education researcher, who develops his task in an initial teacher training institution in Mexico called the Normal School, in the complex dimensions in which he carries out his professional activities in a task that is still being defined due to his recent integration into institutional life, due to the fact that Normal schools have been organized and fulfilling teaching activities for more than a century. The purpose is to identify and define the conditions and elements that intervene in the development of the research skills of the professors who are members of an academic body. This investigation was carried out using the research-action methodology with a critical and phenomenological analysis from different viewpoints, stages and actors; from the perspective that the author obtained as head of her investigation area, as the institutional representative before the program for professional teacher development for higher education (RIP before PRODEP in Spanish) and as head of the BCENELUB-CA-3 “Investigadores Educativos IBYCENECH” group of researchers with official recognition, with which she designed and implemented a formative trajectory. The different specific critical path that is described puts forth the strengths and obstacles encountered while reaching each of the goals set throughout the research process. Among the main results it is notable that all of the members of the team obtained the recognition of Desirable Profile which the PRODEP awards, were registered in the organization as Academic Body in Formation and ascended to Academic Body in Consolidation in a period of three years. Among the main conclusions, the interest of the teacher and his generic competencies stand out, upon which with arduous work and commitment he is able to create or strengthen those which distinguish him as a researcher.

Objetivo: Este estudio pretende analizar los tiempos de la gestión editorial en las revistas colombianas de Ciencias de la Salud indexadas en Scimago (SJR), año 2017.Método: Consistió en la revisión de 782 artículos publicados en las 18 revistas de Ciencias de la Salud. En el trabajo se calcularon coeficientes de correlación y se aplicó el coeficiente de similaridad de Gower.Resultados: Como resultado se halló 775 artículos con fechas de recepción y aceptación provenientes de las 18 revistas, que se distribuyeron en 524 (67,61 %) de Investigación, 70 (9,03 %) de Revisión, 17 (2,19 %) de Reflexión y 164 (21,16 %) de Tipos de estudios de casos. En el estudio no se obtuvieron correlaciones significativas entre las variables.Conclusiones: Con respecto al coeficiente de Gower, se pudo inferir que la Revista Colombiana de Cardiología y la Revista Facultad de Medicina fueron las que aprobaron en menor tiempo los artículos publicados en el periodo 2017.

This article describes the effect of the oxidative stress inducers Angiotensin II and 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) on different cell lines. The levels of expression Angiotensin type 1 and type 2 receptors in different dopaminergic cell lines are shown. The data indicate that treatment with Angiotensin II and 6-OHDA increases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreases cell viability. NRF2 is a transcription factor induced by ROS. We provide data that NRF2 overexpression increases cell viability in response to oxidative stress inducers compared to control cells, and that these inducers can, both separately and in combination, enhance the expression of NRF2-regulated genes heme oxygenase 1 (Hmox1), NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 (Nqo1) and Kruppel like factor 9 (Klf9). Interpretation of these data and additional information is presented in the research article “Angiotensin II induces oxidative stress and upregulates neuroprotective signaling from the NRF2 and KLF9 pathway in dopaminergic cells“ (Parga et al., 2018) [1]. Keywords: NRF2, KLF9, Dopaminergic, Redox signaling, Oxidative stress, Renin-angiotensin system