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Background and aims – This study is a part of an ongoing survey of Perenniporia (Basidiomycota, Polyporales) in the Neotropics. Methods – Material is examined and described using morphology-based methods. Key results – Perenniporia subovoidea is proposed as new. New records of little known species are presented. A key to the Perenniporia species with resupinate basidiome is also presented. Conclusion – Perenniporia subovoidea is reported from Costa Rica. New records of P. aurantiaca, P. chromatica, P. parvispora, P. roseo-isabellina, and P. xantha are presented. All these species are endemic to the Neotropical areas.

Conservation of wood-decaying fungi requires improved knowledge about the long-term effects of forest management; regarding habitat loss, fragmentation and fire suppression. To better understand such effects, I examined the influence of area, isolation, fire history and forest stand characteristics on communities of wood-decaying fungi. Species richness and composition were studied along a gradient of 22 forested islands varying in size (0.16 to 17.58 ha) and fire history (spanning 5000 years) in a boreal forest archipelago in northern Sweden. A total of 490 records of 41 polypore species were found in 33 circular plots, each 0.1 ha in size. Species richness and the number of red-listed species were analyzed using generalized linear models (GLMs), while species composition was examined using non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordination. The species composition was clearly different between recent-fire (< 300 years since last fire) and old-fire (≥ 300 years since last fire) islands, mirroring the shift in tree species composition as pine-associated fungal species were replaced by spruce-associated fungal species. The volume of logs was the only variable influencing the species richness, although the diversity of logs showed a clear trend of also influencing species richness positively. The results demonstrate the importance of having both recent-fire and old-fire forests as landscape-level habitats and species pools, where fire naturally would constitute a key role for maintaining forest biodiversity in the boreal forest landscape. The results also stress the importance of dead wood for species richness at the individual forest stands.

A new poroid genus with two conspicuous and common species growing on living Fabaceae trees is described from the Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests biome of Brazil. Both taxa in this forest pathogen genus resemble Phellinus rimosus macroscopically, but are distinguished by a dimitic hyphal system with skeletal hyphae present only in the trama of the tube layer while the context remains monomitic, and by the ellipsoid, thick-walled, adaxially flattened, yellow basidiospores that turn chestnut brown in KOH solution. Molecular and morphological studies of Brazilian specimens macroscopically similar to the Phellinus rimosus species complex were carried out to solve their phylogenetic relationships among the Hymenochaetaceae. Phellinotus gen. nov. with P. neoaridus sp. nov. as the genus type and P. piptadeniae comb. nov. are presented and described. Phylogenetically, Phellinotus is closely related to Arambarria, Inocutis, Fomitiporella and other taxonomically unresolved terminal clades, and unrelated to Fulvifomes and Phylloporia. Phellinotus and other genera of poroid Hymenochaetaceae that lack setae or setal hyphae and produce thick-walled, colored (pale yellow to rusty brown) basidiospores form a phylogenetic group here named the ‘phellinotus clade’. Our results indicate the need to include taxa from unexplored areas in order to get a thorough understanding of the phylogeny of the Hymenochaetaceae. Fil: Drechsler Santos, Elisandro Ricardo. Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Departamento de Botânica. Laboratório de Micologia; Brasil Fil: Robledo, Gerardo Lucio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; Argentina Fil: Lima Júnior, Nelson. Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Departamento de Micologia; Brasil Fil: Malosso, Elaine. Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Departamento de Micologia; Brasil Fil: Reck, Matheus. Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Departamento de Botânica. Laboratório de Micologia; Brasil Fil: Gibertoni, Tatiana. Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Departamento de Micologia; Brasil Fil: Calvacanti, María de Queiroz. Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Departamento de Micologia; Brasil Fil: Rajchenberg, Mario. Centro de Investigación y Extensión Forestal Andino Patagónico; Argentina

The cover and extent of boreal broadleaved forests have been decreasing due to modern forest management practices and fire suppression. As decomposers of woody material, polypores are ecologically important ecosystem engineers. The ecology and conservation biology of polypores have been studied intensively in boreal coniferous forests. However, only a few studies have focused on the species living on broadleaved trees. To increase knowledge on this species group we conducted polypore surveys in 27 broadleaved forests and 303 forest compartments (539 ha) on the southern boreal zone in Finland and measured dead wood and forest characteristics. We detected altogether 98 polypore species, of which 13 are red-listed in Finland. 60% of the recorded species are primarily associated with broadleaved trees. The number of species in a local community present in a broadleaved forest covered approximately 50 species, of which 30–40 were primarily associated with broadleaved trees. The size of the inventoried area explained 67% of the variation in the species richness, but unlike in previous studies conducted in coniferous forests, dead wood variables as well as forest structure had very limited power in explaining polypore species richness on forest stand level. The compartments occupied by red listed Protomerulius caryae had an especially high volume of living birch, but otherwise the occurrences of red-listed species could not be predicted based on the forest structure.

Este trabalho foi baseado em coleções realizadas pelos autores e em material depositado no herbário João Murça Pires (MG), procedentes da Estação Científica Ferreira Penna (ECFPn, 1°38' - 1°48S; 51°20' - 51°36'W). Ganoderma esta representado por três espécies: G. australe, G. multiplicatum e G. stipitatum, e Phellinus por sete: P. baccharidis, P. calcitratus, P. extensus, P. fastuosus, P. gilvus, P. shaferi e P. undulatus. This work is based on collections undertaken by the authors and on material deposited in the João Murça Pires herbarium (MG), from the Ferreira Penna Scientific Station (ECFPn, 1°38' - 1°48S; 51°20' - 51°36'W). Ganoderma is represented by three species: G. australe, G. multiplicatum and G. stipitatum, and Phellinus by seven: P. baccharidis, P. calcitratus, P. extensus, P. fastuosus, P. gilvus, P. shaferi and P. undulatus.

Se registra Fomitopsis minutispora Rajchenb. (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) por primera vez en Chile. Los basidiomas de la especie fueron hallados sobre troncos caídos, siempre en bosques con presencia del género Nothofagus en la Región de los Ríos. Se presenta una breve descripción, fotografías de la especie y una clave para diferenciar los políporos de basidiomas perennes y pileados más comunes en los bosques de Nothofagus de Chile. Fil: Sandoval, Pablo. Universidad de Chile; Chile. BIOTA; Chile Fil: Rajchenberg, Mario. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Centro de Investigación y Extensión Forestal Andino Patagónico; Argentina

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A synopsis of Grammothelopsis Jülich (Aphyllophorales, Basidiomycota) is provided and G. neotropica Robledo & Ryvarden is described as new. Fil: Robledo, Gerardo Lucio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; Argentina Fil: Ryvarden, Leif. University of Oslo; Noruega

Amauroderma trichodermatum is reported from Bolivia, the collection being the fourth one known worldwide. The species is unique in the genus by having a hirsute pileus and a monomitic hyphal system. The use of the epithet “trichodermatum” as a correction for the typographical error “trichodematum” is proposed. A description and illustrations are provided based on the fresh Bolivian specimen, which has been compared with the type. Fil: Robledo, Gerardo Lucio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; Argentina Fil: Newman, David. San Francisco State University; Estados Unidos Fil: Popoff, Orlando Fabian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; Argentina Fil: Drechsler Santos, Elisandro Ricardo. Universidade Federal Da Santa Catarina; Brasil Fil: Ryvarden, Leif. Institute de Biological Sciences; Noruega

This article presents the various functional groups and guilds occupied by saproxylic beetles. The nomenclature is detailed and the ecological groups are placed in their own habitats offered by the deadwood or the wood in decomposition. Analysis by light microscopy of the gut contents of adults of Mycetoma suturale (Panzer), Serropalpus barbatus (Schallenberg) (Melandryidae) and Triplax rufipes (Fabricius) (Erotylidae) allowed us to demonstrate a nutrition based on fungi sporophores for M. suturale and T. rufipes. In S. barbatus and T. rufipes guts, we found symbiotic yeasts. No woody material was detected in the digestive organ of S. barbatus despite its larva living in decaying coniferous wood. Lastly, we have studied two Eucnemidae : Hylis olexai (Palm) and Xylophilus corticalis (Paykull). The digestive tract could not be detected by dissection of the adults. Probably, the gut is present but very fine, fragile and unable to resist preservation and fixation., Les différents groupes fonctionnels et guildes dont relèvent les coléoptères saproxyliques sont présentés. La nomenclature est détaillée et les groupes écologiques sont replacés les uns par rapports aux autres dans les habitats que produit le bois mort ou en décomposition. L'analyse en microscopie optique des contenus stomacaux d'adultes de Mycetoma suturale (Panzer), Serropalpus barbatus (Schallenberg) (Melandryidae) et Triplax rufipes (Fabricius) (Erotylidae) nous a permis de mettre en évidence l'ingestion de champignons chez M. suturale et T. rufipes. Des levures stomacales sont observées chez S. barbatus et T. rufipes. Aucune matière ligneuse n'a pu être décelée chez S. barbatus dont les larves vivent dans le bois de résineux en décomposition. Enfin, pour les deux Eucnemidae étudiés -Hylis olexai (Palm) et Xylophilus corticalis (Paykull) -, le tube digestif n'a pu être mis en évidence par dissection. Il est probable que celui-ci soit très fin, fragile et dégradé par les liquides de conservation plutôt que véritablement absent., Dodelin Benoît, Pene Benjamin, André Jean. L'alimentation des coléoptères saproxyliques et notes sur les contenus stomacaux de cinq espèces. In: Bulletin mensuel de la Société linnéenne de Lyon, 74ᵉ année, n°10, décembre 2005. pp. 335-345.

In the traditional popular culture there are over ten different varieties of mushrooms growing in the Polish territory that are in use. A few of them used to be utilised as medicines. The official science doesn't reflect this use. Only four species of mushrooms are described in seven studied polish pharmacopoeias from the MX and XX centuries: two polypores, medicinal yeast and ergot. In the first Polish pharmacopoeia - Pharmaopoeia Regni Poloniae published in 1817 Boletus igniarius and Boletu...

Tropical Africa and America have each about 400 species and 70 genera of polypore fungi. There are seven endemic genera in tropical America, three in Africa. The number of brown rotting species is low, only 3% in both areas, compared with about 25% in boreal conifer forests; 13% of the African polypores are endemic, no number is as yet known from tropical America. Amauroderma has an endemism of about 90% on both continents, which contrasts with other groups of polypores. In Phellinus there are about 60 species out of which about 60% are endemic in tropical America while the numbers are about 30 and 5% respectively in Africa. It is suggested that the reason for these differences is the isolated position of tropical America while Africa has been connected to tropical Asia through more or less continuous forests in previous geological periods. En la parte tropical deÁfrica y América se encuentran alrededor de 400 especies y 70 géneros de hongos poliporales. De estos géneros, siete son endémicos de América y tres deÁfrica. La cantidad de hongos poliporales causantes de podredumbre café es baja, solo un 3% en ambas zonas, comparado con un 25% en los bosques boreales de coníferas; un 13% de los poliporales en ´África son endémicos, se desconoce aún el porcentaje para América. El género Amauroderma tiene un endemismo de alrededor de 90% en ambos continentes, lo que contrasta con otros grupos de poliporales. En el género Phellinus se han comunicado alrededor de 60 especies enAmérica tropical, de las cuales un 60% son endémicas, mientras que en África se han comunicado 30 especies, con un endemismo de 5%. Se ha sugerido que la razón para tales diferencias ha sido la posición aislada de América tropical, mientras que África se mantuvo conectada con Asia tropical a través de bosques más o menos continuos en anteriores períodos geológicos.

The prefire fungal flora (polypores and corticoid fungi) of 284 dead trees, mainly fallen trunks of Norway spruce (Picea abies), was studied in 1991 in an old, spruce-dominated mesic forest in southern Finland. Species diversity of the prefire fungal flora was very high, including a high proportion of locally rare species and four threatened polypore species in Finland. In 1992 part of the study area (7.3 ha) was clear-cut and a 1.7 ha forest stand in the center of study area was left standing with a tree volume of 150 m3/ha, and later on (June 1st) in the same year the whole area was burned. Burning was very efficient and all trees in the forest stand were dead one year after the fire. Also the ground layer burned almost completely. In 1993 the fungal flora of the 284 sample trees was studied again. Most of the trees had burned strongly and the fungal species diversity and the evenness in community structure had decreased considerably as compared with the prefire community. Species turnover was also great, especially in corticoid fungi. Greatest losses in the species numbers occurred in moderately and strongly decayed trees, in coniferous trees and in very strongly burned trees. Fungal flora of non-decayed and slightly decayed trees, deciduous trees and slightly burned trees seemed to have survived the fire quite well, and in these groups the species numbers had increased slightly as compared with the prefire community. Fungal species suffering from fire (anthracophobe species) were mainly growing in moderately and strongly decayed trees before the fire, whereas species favoured by fire (anthracophile species) were growing in less decayed trees. No fruitbodies of threatened polypores or other ‘old-forest species’ of polypores were found again after fire. Some very common and effective wood-rotting fungi (e.g. Fomitopsis pinicola, Fomes fomentarius, Antrodia serialis) survived the fire quite well (anthracoxene species). Species favoured by fire were mainly ruderal species which can utilize new, competition-free resources created by fire, and species that have their optima in dry and open places also outside forest-fire areas. Some rarities, e.g. Phanerochaete raduloides and Physisporinus rivulosus, were favoured by fire.

This survey presents the first poroid Hymenochaetaceae checklist from Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar, São Paulo state, Brazil, where 24 species are presented. Fulvifomes melleoporus, Fuscoporia chrysea, Fuscoporia rhabarbarina, Inonotus linteus, Inonotus portoricensis, Phellinus grenadensis, Phellinus roseocinereus and Phellinus undulatus are cited for São Paulo state for the first time, and Fulvifomes glaucescens is a new record to Brazil. Full description of the new record for Brazil, comments on the new records for São Paulo state, photos of the new records, as well as an identification key for the 24 confirmed species found in the park are presented. Resumo Esta pesquisa apresenta a primeira lista de espécies de fungos poroides da família Hymenochaetaceae do Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar, São Paulo, Brasil, onde 24 espécies são registradas pela primeira vez na localidade. Fulvifomes melleoporus, Fuscoporia chrysea, Fuscoporia rhabarbarina, Inonotus linteus, Inonotus portoricensis, Phellinus grenadensis, Phellinus roseocinereus e Phellinus undulatus são citados para o estado de São Paulo pela primeira vez e Fulvifomes glaucescens é um novo registro para o Brasil. São apresentadas descrição do registro novo para o Brasil, comentários sobre os registros novos para o estado de São Paulo e fotos dos novos registros, além de uma chave de identificação para as 24 espécies encontradas no parque.

Conservation of wood-inhabiting fungi requires sufficient knowledge of their occurrences on woody substrates. We studied and compared two major fungal wood-decay fungi groups (polypores and corticioids) on dead wood. Eight fungal or substrate groups were separated in the analyses. In total, 6,102 dead wood units were surveyed, and 5,682 occurrences of 302 fungal species were recorded. Our analyses included also empty dead wood units, which is rather rare in quantitative ecological studies of dead wood species. In general, the occurrence of fungal species did not exactly follow the availability of dead wood substrates, indicating high importance of substrate quality on species. Furthermore, polypores and corticioids differed from each other in their substrate occurrence patterns. The largest differences were found in diameter classes, corticioids occurring more often on small dead wood units. Our findings emphasize the importance of maintaining the variation in dead wood quality when preserving the diversity of wood-inhabiting fungi.