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A hot gas duct is an indispensable component for the nuclear-process heat applications of the Very-High-Temperature Reactor (VHTR), which has to fulfill three requirements: to withstand high temperature, high pressure, and large pressure transient. In this paper, numerical investigation of pressure transient is performed for a hot gas duct under rapid depressurization. System depressurization imposes an imploding pressure differential on the internal structural elements of a hot gas duct, the structural integrity of which is susceptible to being damaged. Pressure differential and its imposed duration, which are two key factors to evaluate the damage severity of a hot gas duct under depressurization, are examined in regard to depressurization rate and insulation packing tightness. It is revealed that depressurization rate is a decisive parameter for controlling the pressure differential and its duration, whereas insulating-packing tightness has little effect on them.

Herein conductive elastomers by homogeneous distribution of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in a styrene-co-butadiene-co-styrene (SBS) triblock copolymer matrix is reported. The inherent π–π stacking ensures nearly single-layer adsorption of the SBS molecules on the surfaces of MWCNTs, translating into reliable interfacial interactions. The resulting MWCNT/SBS nanocomposites are highly elastic and conductive. It is believed that this finding opens up a new way to fabricate conductive elastomers holding great promise as superior piezoresistive sensors that may integrate a ‘touch’ function in wearable electronics and computers.

Traffic management plays a crucial role in achieving high-performance networking with optimal resource utilization. However, efficient and effective traffic management could be very challenging in large-scale dynamic networking environments. Software-defined networking (SDN) together with Big Data analytics offers a promising approach to addressing this challenging problem. We first provide an overview of the general process of network traffic management, in both conventional Internet Protocol (IP)-based networks and the emerging SDN networks. Then, we present an architectural framework of Big Data-based traffic management in SDN. We discuss some possible Big Data analytics applications for data analysis and decision-making in SDN for traffic management. We also identify some open issues and challenges that must be addressed for applying Big Data analytics techniques in SDN traffic management, which offer possible topics for future research and technology development.

Background Both high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (HF-rTMS) and low-frequency rTMS (LF-rTMS) are reported to benefit upper limb motor function rehabilitation in patients with stroke. However, the efficacy of combining LF- and HF-rTMS (LF-HF rTMS) has not been adequately explored, especially in the early phase of stroke. Objective To compare the effects of LF- and LF-HF rTMS on the upper limb motor function in the early phase post stroke. Methods Sixty-two patients were randomly assigned to three groups: LF-rTMS group (1 Hz rTMS to the contralesional hemisphere), LF-HF rTMS group (1 Hz rTMS to the contralesional hemisphere followed by 10 Hz rTMS to the lesional hemisphere) and sham group. The patients received the same conventional rehabilitation accompanied with sessions of rTMS for 15 consecutive days. The upper limb motor function was evaluated using the Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) and the Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT) before the first session, after the last session, and at 3 months after the last session. Results All patients finished the study without any adverse reaction. Three groups exhibited improvement in terms of the FMA score and the log WMFT time at the end of the treatment and 3 months later. Better improvement was found in the LF-HF rTMS group than in the LF-rTMS and sham groups. Conclusion The results indicated that both LF- and LF-HF rTMS were effective in promoting upper limb motor recovery in patients with acute stroke. Combining HF- and LF-rTMS protocol in the present study is tolerable and more beneficial for motor improvement than the unilateral use of LF-rTMS alone.

This paper presents an experimental investigation of the fatigue properties of limestone subjected to triaxial compression with axial cyclic loading. Tests were conducted on intact limestone samples with a loading frequency of 0.5 Hz and a confining pressure of 10 MPa. The test results show the following five points. (1) Under triaxial conditions, the axial and circumferential deformations at the failure point induced by cyclic loading are slightly larger than the corresponding deformations at the peak stress achieved by conventional compression tests. (2) The first level cyclic loading process has a strong influence on rock deformation in the primary phase during subsequent level cyclic loading. A smaller difference in stress amplitude between the two loading stress levels leads to less deformation during the latter. (3) Circumferential and volumetric changes are more sensitive to fatigue failure in terms of deformation and strain rate than axial changes. (4) The three phases of dissipated energy evolution are consistent with a sample’s deformation such that the energy dissipation characteristics reflect the fatigue damage evolution process. (5) A new damage formula is proposed that can concisely describe a rock’s zero-cycle damage and damage evolution.

The thermodynamic behaviors analysis for the transient flow of a compressible gas in a duct after an accidental rupture is undertaken based on the numerical simulation, which is performed by solving the coupled conservation equations, momentum equations and energy equations of an axisymmetric, transient, viscous flow. Applied in high temperature and high pressure atmosphere, super high temperature gas-carrying duct is constructed in structure as: thermal insulating media is installed between the liner tube and the outer wall of the hot gas duct. This structure is widely used in engineering such as the pipeline of the nuclear reactor, oil transportation and aerospace engineering. The pressure and the temperature, and their corresponding differences in insulating media and depressurization channel are calculated numerically. The results show that the depressurization rates in the insulting media and depressurization channel are much lower than that in the hot gas duct, and due to the insulting media, the max pressure differences vary with different amplitudes of depressurization. Compared the results with available experimental and numerical data conducted by Weber, they share the same trends though there are differences between the simulation and the experimental results, and the comparisons validate the effectiveness of the model and method.

Software-Defined Network (SDN) is expected to have a significant impact on future networking.Although exciting progress has been made toward realizing SDN, application of this new networking paradigm in the future Internet to support end-to-end QoS provisioning faces some new challenges. The autonomous network domains coexisting in the Internet and the diverse user applications deployed upon the Internet call for a uniform Service Delivery Platform (SDP) that enables high-level network abstraction and inter-domain collaboration for end-to-end service provisioning. However, the currently available SDN technologies lack effective mechanisms for supporting such a platform. This chapter presents an SDP framework that applies the Networkas-a-Service (NaaS) principle to provide network abstraction and orchestration for end-to-end service provisioning in SDN-based future Internet. In order to address the new challenges brought in by resource abstraction enabled by NaaS to system modeling and analysis for QoS evaluation, a profile-based analysis method developed based on the network calculus theory is also presented in this chapter.

Recent rapid development of both networking and cloud computing technologies is transforming the Internet from an infrastructure for data transportation to a general platform for service provisioning upon which a wide spectrum of cloud computing applications can be deployed. Such transform requires networking and cloud computing to be integrated in the next generation Internet, which calls for federated management of both networking and computing resources for service provisioning. The Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA), which has been widely adopted in cloud computing through the IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS paradigms, has been applied in networking to enable the Network-as-a-Service (NaaS) paradigm. The NaaS in networking together with IaaS in cloud computing offers a promising approach toward converged network-Cloud service provisioning in the next generation Internet. A key challenge to achieve high performance converged network-cloud services lies in composition of network and Cloud services with end-to-end performance guarantee. In this chapter, we present our recent research progress in Quality of Service (QoS)-aware network- cloud service composition, including system model and problem formulation for network-cloud service composition and our proposal of an efficient algorithm to solve this problem. We also report the experimental results for evaluating the performance of the proposed algorithm in this chapter.

A fundamental strategy taken by the research for the next generation Internet lies in application of the service-orientation principle in the field of networking, which enables the as-a-Service paradigm that has been widely adopted in cloud computing, for example, Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) and Software-as-a-Service (SaaS), inside future networking systems. Therefore, such an approach to future network design is referred to as Network-as-a-Service (NaaS). NaaS is expected to play a crucial role in the next generation Internet that may introduce significant changes in both network architecture and service delivery model. The main objective of this chapter is to give a high-level overview of the NaaS concept with its key enabling technologies and to present the significant impact of NaaS on the development of Internet architecture and service model. The author hopes to provide readers with a big picture about the NaaS paradigm and its important role in the next generation Internet together with a holistic vision across networking and cloud computing for future service provisioning.

The emerging IoT introduces many new challenges that cannot be adequately addressed by the current 'cloud-only' architectures. The cooperation of the fog and cloud is considered to be a promising architecture, which efficiently handles IoT's data processing and communications requirements. However, how to schedule tasks to better adapt to IoT real-time needs and reduce the energy in the fog-cloud system is not well addressed. In this paper, we first model the energy consumption of the fog and cloud, respectively, and formulate a task scheduling problem into a constrained optimisation problem in fog-cloud computing system. Then, an efficient deadline-energy scheduling algorithm based on ant colony optimisation (DEACO) is put forward to tackle this problem, which achieves to reduce energy consumption on the condition of satisfying the task deadline. Finally, algorithms have been simulated on the extended CloudSim simulator. The experimental results have shown that our scheduling approach reduces energy more effective.

In this paper, the system scheme and system architecture for transceiver of WIA-PA are presented. The low-IF topology and direct up conversion method are employed, corresponding to receiver part and transmitter part. And in the baseband part, differential and correlation demodulate received signals, as well as time sync, frequency offset calibrate and frame sync operations are designed for solvation the problem of real radio environmental effects. The chip implements using 0.18μm CMOS process has small chip area and low power consumption. The minimum sensitivity of receiver is less than-85dBm for 1% PER (packet error rate), which is better than the required sensitivity for specification.

Montmorillonite intercalated polyaniline material was prepared by Situ polymerization method,the effects ofinitiator content, polymerization time, temperature and other parameters on the adsorption Cu2+of prepared material were discussed by single-actor method and the montmorillonite loaded copper ions-polyaniline was obtained. Finally an anti-corrosion coating was prepared with montmorillonite loaded copper ions-polyaniline as filler.The results showed that montmorillonite intercalated polyaniline had the best adsorption characteristics on Cu2+and its light transmission rate reached 100% when the montmorillonite was 2g, the initiator (ammonium persulfate) was 0.1g, the temperature was 80°C, and the polymerization time was 2h. The prepared anti-corrosion coating had good corrosion resistance and its hardness was 90, its adhesive force reached level 1 when mass fraction of filler was 10% in total.

Two new cyanide-bridged compounds, [Mn(L)(μ1,3-N(CN)2)]n (1) and {[Mn2(L)2(H2O)2]K(H2O)2Co(CN)6}n (2). (H2L = N,N′-bis-5-chloro-salicylidene)-1,2-diaminoethane), are synthesized and structurally characterized. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that compounds 1 and 2 are composed of interesting 1D chain-like structure in which the manganese center is hexa-coordinated in the distorted octahedral geometry. In compound 1, Mn(III) ions are bridged by N(CN)2− ligands with μ1,3 modes, while two CN− groups in Co(CN)63− ligand bridge two Mn(III) ions leading to a heterometallic trinuclear unit in compound 2, several of the units are further connected by the linkage of CN− groups and K(I) ions to form the chain-like structure. TGA results indicate that two compounds possess excellent thermostabilities. Magnetic measurement demonstrates that compounds 1 and 2 perform antiferromagnetic interaction with the coupling parameters (J) of −0.722 and −0.849 cm−1, respectively. Magneto-structural correlation has been discussed as well.

A facile, industrially viable strategy is proposed for the scalable production of transition metal disulphide/graphite nanoflake composites by a combination of ball milling and short-time sonication. The experimental conditions are mild and energy efficient, and the yields are fairly high. This strategy can produce larger MoS2 and WS2 nanoflakes with more lithium storage sites than the conventional, long-time sonication method. Besides, the obtained graphite nanoflakes have a higher degree of lattice integrity than reduced graphene oxide that is structurally permanently damaged, and can thus serve as a high-efficiency conductive additive. A prominent synergy is witnessed between the excellent electrochemical performances of the MoS2 and WS2 nanoflakes and the high electronic conductivity of the graphite nanoflakes. The resulting MoS2 and WS2/graphite nanoflake composites exhibit superior lithium storage capacities, cycling stabilities and rate capabilities, thus providing a basis for developing high-performance anodes of next-generation lithium-ion batteries.

Oxidative stress and excess hepatic lipid accumulation contribute to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Radix Hedysari polysaccharides (RHP) have attracted interest due to their antioxidant properties and immunomodulatory effects. However, the effect of RHP on hepatic lipid metabolism remains to be elucidated. In the present study, the response of Sprague-Dawley rat livers to a high-fat diet and RHP treatment was investigated by evaluating body weight, liver histology, hepatic lipid content, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity and lipid metabolism gene transcriptional profiles. The present study demonstrated that RHP ameliorated lipid metabolism disorders, regulated hepatic lipid content, improved liver inflammation and damage, activated AMPK via phosphorylation, upregulated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α and downregulated the mRNA expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c in rat livers, which reduced lipogenesis and increased lipolysis. Taken together, these results suggested that RHP effectively ameliorates lipid metabolism disorders in rat livers; thus, RHP may be a potential therapeutic agent in the prevention of hepatic steatosis.

For the sake of obtaining the ammunition storage and transportation shelter, that had the characteristic of rational structure, high reliability and convenient take put, it was needed to design internal structure . This paper analysed the placement of pill ,cartridge case and fuze, and designed 6 schemes of internal structure design, which was regarding the ××mm howitzer projectile as the object to study, based on the technology requirement and demand of the ammunition storage and transportation shelter ,and the ammunition characteristic. By comparing and analyzing, the strength of shelter scheme 1,4 was best. The scheme 4 was better than other schemes in reliability of fixed device and convenience of taking and putting ammunition. The scheme 4 had the characteristic of rational structure, high reliability and convenient use for force. The ammunition storage and transportation shelter applied the scheme 4

Quality-of-Service (QoS) provisioning plays a pivotal role in widespread deployment of new emerging services over the current Internet and is expected to be an indispensable attribute of future Internet. Though relevant progress has been made towards ensuring QoS, modeling and developing efficient algorithms for end-to-end QoS provisioning remain challenging problems in the current and future Internet infrastructure. In this paper, we address these challenging problems from a generic routing perspective, emphasizing modeling and algorithms as well as evaluation on end-to-end QoS provisioning. Specifically, we first model the common features of major technologies for end-to-end QoS provisioning in a "bottom-up" manner. Through the model, a set of end-to-end performance bounds that indicate the serving capability of substrates are obtained. Then we propose two routing algorithms based upon the model and performance bounds. The analysis on computational property of proposed algorithms proves that they are light-weighted and cost-effective. We also conduct thorough performance comparison between the proposed algorithms and previous best-known results in both theoretical and experimental ways. Our results show that the model and the algorithms developed in this paper are efficient and superior to other competitors, thus are applicable to the various networking systems for end-to-end QoS provisioning in current and future Internet.

In recent years, the 1000MW ultra-supercritical unit has developed rapidly for its high efficiency and low energy consumption in china. In order to further reduce the energy consumption, the energy consumption distribution of a typical ultra-supercritical unit is analyzed in detail, which can make contribution for the energy conservation of units. Based on the theory of unit energy consumption and according to the thermodynamic calculation of a 1000MW ultra super critical generating unit under the design condition and off-design loads, this paper reveals the distribution of energy consumption rules of the whole unit, including every subsystem. The results indicate that when the load deviates from the design load, the total energy consumption of system will increase.

To identify the potential of energy conversation in power units, the energy consumption distribution model of supercritical power generation unit under various conditions are established based on a 600MW supercritical power generation system. Methods of unit energy consumption are applied and the total additional energy consumption is calculated under various loads, which varies from 30% TMCR load to full TMCR load. The energy consumption distribution of every heater in the boiler, cylinders of the turbine and the whole plant unit are analyzed. And the distribution rules of energy consumption of various conditions are revealed. The effects of key parameters on unit energy consumption are also investigated.

According to the occurrence conditions of deeply inclined coal seam of 81206 working face in Yanya coal mine, methods including transmission rock theory calculation and numerical calculation based on the relationship between supports and surrounding rock are used to calculate and analyze. The proper working resistance of support is 5979.2kN and the supporting intensity is 0.8~0.95MPa. The regression equation associated with roof subsidence displacement , thickness of the coal seam, working face length and supporting intensity is accomplished, which provides theoretical basis for the support selection.

t is a development trend of urban planning from 2D to 3D on the basis of introduction and their combinative application of ArcGIS and SketchUp. In this paper, designing and implementing the urban 3D visualization system, devising the system frame, introducing the key technology, through the instance, showing that the system has practicality and generality. CLC number: P208 Document id code: B

With the rising of the nuclear power plant accident, making the knowledge base of knowledge express difficultly, the inference efficiency of the device system is decreasing as well, but the complexity of nuclear power plant has led to the uncertainty of knowledge. In order to solve these problems, the credibility factor and uncertainty propagation algorithm of the network model is applied to the knowledge representation and inference of expert system, and using the CLIPS implements the fault reasoning. Experiments shows that use of credibility factor and uncertainty propagation algorithm of the network model can effectively solve the uncertainty information and structured knowledge representation in the event of a failure, and inference efficiency of nuclear power plant is improved.

The microstructure of X80 pipeline steel in different directions were observed by SEM technique and its effective grain size and misorientation were statistically analyzed by EBSD system. Based on these results, the mechanical properties at 0°, 45° and 90° to the rolling direction of X80 pipeline steel were studied. The results show that, owing to finer grain size and less low-angle grain boundaries, strengths and impact toughness of X80 pipeline steel at 90° direction are optimal. While the pipeline steel possesses finer grain size, more high-angle grain boundaries and less low-angle grain boundaries, the crack propagation is effectively suppressed, then its impact toughness is improved.

The buffer setting and management mechanism in Critical chain method was combined with practical progress vanguard line in this paper. Then the information statistical and analysis methods of project schedule was given, and the methods are applied in project scheduling management of warship scheduled repair. With the application analysis in maintenance project shows that this methods can identify the activity chain which really lead to the lag of project scheduling. This shows that the method was given in this paper presents an applicable value for actual warship scheduled repair project scheduling management. CLC number: U672 Document id code: A

This paper reviewed and analyzed the literature about the improvement mechanism of energy efficiency, examining the relationship among industrial structure adjustment, technology innovation and energy efficiency with Hubei province’s data during 2001~2010, and finding that industrial structure adjustment and technology innovation can promote energy efficiency very significantly. Even so, because the elimination of backward production capacity will be more difficult and the energy-saving space will be narrower, government should encourage citizens’ participation, pay more attention to the use of market mechanisms, and promote the development and application of the technology using preferential tax policies.

ObjectiveTo study the effects of Zhiwei Fangbian Capsule (ZWFBC) on lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) and ATPase activities in gastric mucosa of chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) rats with Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome.MethodsTotally 90 rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: normal group (n=10) and model group (n=80). The CAG rat model of Qi deficiency and blood stasis type was induced by synthetic methods. After modeling for 12 weeks and the successful CAG model was determined, the CAG model rats were divided by random number table into model group (MG), ZWFB high-dose group (ZWFBH), ZWFB middle-dose group (ZWFBM), ZWFB low-dose group (ZWFBL) and Weimeisu group (WM), 9 rats in each group. The rats in the normal and model groups were intragastrically administrated with distilled water, 10 mL/kg every day; the ZWFB high-dose group with ZWFB, 0.6 g·kg−1·d−1; the ZWFB middle-dose group with ZWFB, 0.3 g·kg−1·d−1; the ZWFB low-dose group with ZWFB, 0.15 g·kg−1·d−1, and the WM group with suspension of WM, 0.25 g·kg−1·d−1 . The treatment was given for 90 consecutive days. Then general survival states were observed and the activities of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), succinic dehydrogenase (SDH), Na+-K+-ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase in gastric mucosa tissue were detected.ResultsCompared with the normal group, activity of LDH in the gastric mucosa (P

The fatigue behavior of friction stir spot welded (FSSW) AZ31 magnesium alloy sheet joints was investigated by tension–compression of fatigue test. The results suggest that all the fatigue failures occur at the stir zone of the FSSW AZ31 sheet joints, and all cracks initiate at the stir zone outer edge between the upper and lower sheet. When the cycle force equals 1 kN, the crack propagates along the interface of heat-affected zone and thermo-mechanical zone, simultaneously across the direction of force; while the cycle force equals 3 kN, the crack propagates along the diameter of stir zone and shear failure occurs finally. Moreover, the transverse microsections indicate that there is a tongue-like region at the outer edge of stir zone between the two AZ31 sheets, and the direction of tongue-like region is toward outside of the stirred zone and all fatigue cracks initiate at the tongue-like region.

In this paper, we design and implement general parameterized IP (Intellectual Property) cores of convolutional encoder with SMIC 0.35μm CMOS technology, serial structure and parallel structure respectively. And analyze each of the power dissipation using Synopsys PTPX tool. The result shows the parallel circuit structure saves 14 percent power dissipation compared to that of serial circuit structure, with the same encode radio. Meanwhile, computing speed of parallel structure with 8-bit parallelism is 8 times than that of serial structure under the same clock frequency. Certainly, serial circuit structure has their particular characters such as easily realized and less resource consumption.

The characters of more high speed computing and much less low power dissipation are needed to settle for convolutional encodes. In this paper, we present a parallel method for convolutional encodes with SMIC 0.35μm CMOS technology; hardware design and VLSI implementation of this algorithm are also presented. Use this method, parallel circuits structure can be easily designed, which take on excellent characters of more high speed computing and low power dissipation compared with traditional serial shift register structure for convolutional encodes.

The medium redundancy is achieved thanks to two different physical networks. Each node shall be linked to both physical networks via a Link Selector. Ethernet data before heading to Media Access Controller, in order to achieve the medium redundancy, there is a Link Selector functional block, it can put three physical networks of the best quality network data to the Media Access Controller. This will ensure the robustness and stability of the physical network. The data delay is only a few microseconds time, does not affect the normal operation of network. All combinations of line and star (or tree) topology are allowed. The line topology will require external hubs or internal hubs with four ports.

In this paper, we review security and usability scenarios. We propose security enhancement without losing usability. We apply this approach to popular application systems in the database. Specifically, we analyze database security in access control, auditing, authentication, encryption, integrity control, and backups. Finally, we present our recommendations for system security and usability to go together.

Internet of Things (IoT) is one of the most significant recent developments in the field of networking. Energy efficiency and scalability are two important technical issues that must be fully addressed in order to build high-performance IoTs. Topology control (TC) plays a crucial role in scalable and energy-efficient IoTs. In this chapter, we first give an overview of TC technologies and their applications in IoTs. Then we describe a systematic approach for topology construction in IoT to achieve scalability and energy efficiency. Such an approach includes a hierarchical system framework for IoT deployment, an optimization model for realizing energy efficiency, and an algorithm for solving the optimization mode. Experimental results are also presented in the chapter to show effectiveness of this topology construction approach.

To observe the dynamic time-phase expressions of key genes of brain-gut CaM signal pathway of spleen Qi deficiency rats and the intervention effect of Sijunzi decoction.Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the normal control group, model 14 d, 21 d, 28 d groups, and Sijunzi decoction 14 d, 21 d, 28 d groups. Except for the normal control group, the remaining groups were included into the spleen Qi deficiency model with the bitter cold breaking Qi method (ig 7.5 g · kg⁻¹ · d⁻¹ of Rheum officinale, Fructus aurantii immaturus, Magnolia officinalis preparation) and the exhaustive swimming method. On the 7th day after the modeling, the Sijunzi decoction groups were orally administered with Sijunzi decoction 20 g · kg⁻¹ · d⁻¹. The expressions of key genes CaM/CaMK II of CaM signaling pathway in hippocampus and intestine at different time points by immunohistochemical method and Western blot. At the same time, the intervention effect of Sijunzi decoction on spleen Qi deficiency rats and its mechanism were analyzed.Spleen Qi deficiency rats showed higher intestinal CaM/CaMK II expression and lower hippocampus CaM/CaMK II expression than normal rats (P0.05, P0.01). After the treatment of Sijunzi decoction, spleen Qi deficiency rats showed reduction in intestinal CaM/CaMK II expression and increase in hippocampus CaM/CaMK II expression (P0.05, P0.01).The formation of spleen Qi deficiency syndrome may be related to the high expression of CaM/CaMK II in small intestine tissues and its low expression in hippocampus tissues. Sijunzi decoction may achieve the therapeutic effect in spleen Qi deficiency syndrome by reducing the CaM/CaMK II expression in intestinal tissues and increasing it in hippocampus tissues.

GdFeO3 microspheres were synthesized by a hydrothermal method followed by calcination. Citrate acid and ethylene glycol were found to be key factors to the purity and the surface morphology of the GdFeO3 microspheres. UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectrum shows that the products have broad absorption in visible-light region, whereas the magnetic measurement indicates the products show weak ferromagnetic behavior and can be easily separated from the suspension by a magnet. The photocatalytic experiment demonstrates that the prepared GdFeO3 microspheres exhibit well and stable photocatalytic activity for decomposition of 4-chlorophenol under visible-light irradiation, which is ascribed to their porous structures as well as narrow optical band gap.

Turbo Code is a channel coding with excellent error-correcting performance in the condition of low noise-signal ratio.It has a superior decoding performance approaching the Shannon limit by adopting the random coding and decoding. This paper focuses on Turbo code and its implementation with FPGA and deeply analyzes the decoding theory and algorithm of Turbo code. Firstly, it analyzes the decoding theory of Turbo code. Then, it discusses key issues in the process of implementation with the most excellent and complicated Max—log—MAP algorithm. At last, it ends up with the Turbo encoder and decoding algorithm which hardware is successfully implemented finally.

In this paper, ANSYS, a finite element analysis software is used to simulate the change of temperature field in micro-hole processing with millisecond laser, which determines the diameter and depth of the hole drilled. The relationship between processing parameters and the hole size is plotted, so as to achieve size control of a micro-hole processing. Compared with experimental results, simulation is effective for laser processing of micro-hole and can be referenced to choose the best processing parameters.

The technology to produce micro-holes without recast layer on nickel-based alloy is studied in this work. The holes are firstly drilled with Nd: YAG laser, a millisecond pulsed laser of high power and efficiency. For the reason of thermal effect, however, holes drilled by this laser always have the defect of recast layer, which is a serious problem, especially in the application as aviation and aerospace engine. In order to remove the recast layer, laser parameters are optimized to produce micro-holes with the least recast layer, and then a kind of chemical etching is used to clear the residual recast layer completely.

The experiments of micro-hole ablation are conducted firstly on titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V with Nd: YAG millisecond laser. A significant factor which affects the depth of blind hole is found: the depth of recast material. This paper closely examines the regularity of recast depth varying with laser parameters, discovering that the ratio of recast depth to the entire hole depth decreases as pulse width decreases, and increases as peak power decreases. Verification experiment is conducted on stainless steel 1Cr13, eventually micro-hole with very thin recast layer is drilled when the maximum peak power and the minimum pulse width of the present millisecond laser are used.

The gob-side entry retaining technology can be used to not only solve the problem of intensity in successive mining but also reduce the 10,000 tons' drivage rate and improve the coal recovery. Based on the established roof cutting mechanical model, the method of numerical simulation is used to determine the technical parameters of gob-side entry retaining in one coal mine. The reduction in cross-section of the roadway is 10.8% according to the field observation, which shows that the gob-side entry retaining has obtained preferable results and fulfilled the demand of safe production in the face.

Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) in plants is known to be associated with structural change and the presence of new chimeric genes in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). In this study, the atp6 and apt9 gene fragments were cloned from mtDNA of a CMS line and its maintainer and restorer lines of ramie (Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaud.) using PCR and degenerate primers that were designed according to the conserved sequences within the coding region of chondriogenes atp6 and atp9 of some dicotyledons recorded in GenBank. In spite of incompleteness of the coding region, the cloned fragments showed a homology of over 94% and over 85% with atp6 and atp9 genes, respectively, from the dicotyledons in GenBank. The whole sequences of atp6 and atp9 genes including the complete open reading frames were cloned by amplifying the 3′ and 5′ end unknown sequences of these gene fragments using a DNA Walking strategy. The atp6 gene showed no difference among the CMS line, maintainer and restorer lines of ramie in DNA sequence, transcription and translation, and in the levels of protein. However, compared to the atp9 gene from the maintainer and restorer lines, within the coding region, the atp9 gene from the CMS line had a number of different nucleotides and a sequence deficiency of as many as 21 nucleotides at the 3′ end. An unusual high expression of the atp9 gene in the CMS line at the budding and full-bloom stages was revealed by RT-PCR analysis. The results indicated that the variation in DNA sequence and its encoding product, and/or the abnormal expression of the atp9 gene in the CMS line, may be closely related to male sterility in ramie. This work provides basic knowledge for understanding the function of the atp9 gene causing CMS in ramie and subsequently the molecular genetic mechanisms.

The plastic deformation and damage behavior of coarse-grained commercially pure iron containing grain boundary micro-voids were investigated at room temperature with different strain rates ranging from 1.0×10-5s-1 to 1.0×10-2s-1 under uniaxial tension. It is found that, with increasing strain rate, the lower yield stress and ultimate tensile strength increase normally, and abnormally the elongation increases as well. By comparison with the similar cases of other materials, the present phenomenon of anomalous strain rate effect on elongation is thought to be related to the pre-existence of GB micro-voids in the raw CP iron material. The extending deformation of GB micro-voids towards the tensile direction would contribute more to the total elongation, as the strain rate increases; this should be the most possible reason for the anomalous strain-rate dependence of elongation.

The test here is to simulate the process of flat and vertical roll from Baogang heavy rail using the finite element, which analyzes the steel, the high strings, the initial stress and straightening process effect on residual stress. It is concluded that the discipline among the steel, the high strings, the initial stress, straightening process and residual stress.

Keloid is regarded as a fibroproliferative disorder with excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix. However, the molecular mechanism of keloid formation is not well understood and no treatment modality is consistently effective. Heat shock protein 47 (HSP47) is known as a collagen-specific molecular chaperone which plays a critical role in collagen biosynthesis. Results of our previous in vitro experiments demonstrated that HSP47 might be an important reason for excessive collagen accumulation in regard to keloid formation. Our objective is to investigate whether HSP47 has an influence on collagen metabolism in animal keloid models. The constructed plasmids, carrying HSP47-small hairpin RNA (shRNA), were transfected into animal keloid models, in comparison with the control groups. After transfection, the mRNA and protein expression of HSP47 and collage type I were detected by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot. Both the mRNA and protein levels of HSP47 in animal keloid models were decreased dramatically after transfection of the HSP47- shRNA plasmid, in comparison with the control group. Following the down-regulation of HSP47, we found that the volume of animal keloid models and the major collagen expression were reduced correspondingly. Combining the results of our previous in vitro experiment results, we suggest that overexpression of HSP47 in keloid fibroblast cells could induce excessive collagen accumulation by enhancing collagen synthesis, which not only presents a possible mechanism of keloid formation, but also offers a therapeutic potential of RNA interference to HSP47 for the treatment of keloids and other fibroproliferative disorders.

To investigate the fatigue failure of coal under uniaxial stress, multilevel cyclic loading tests on cylindrical coal specimens were conducted in a laboratory using the MTS815.02 rock-mechanics test system (MTS Systems Corporation, Eden Prairie, MN). Specimens were tested for as many as 1,500 loading cycles under each cyclic loading session. From these tests, the following conclusions can be drawn. The peak stress of cyclic loading has a significant effect on the coal specimen’s fatigue behavior. When the peak stress of cyclic loading is less than the coal fatigue strength, the coal specimen’s deformation stops increasing after a certain number of loading cycles, and the number of acoustic emission (AE) counts is low. When the peak stress of cyclic loading exceeds the coal fatigue strength, the axial, circumferential, and volumetric strains and the energy dissipation exhibit the same progression through three phases: a primary phase, a steady phase, and an acceleration phase. The region division of the three phases of the strain and energy dissipation evolution is coincident. The AE activity also exhibits three phases: an active, a quiet, and a very active phase. In the very active phases, numerous AE signals exist when the stress is at its peak, but no AE signals exist near the stress minima. Coal specimens that are subjected to conventional uniaxial compression tests and specimens that are deformed by cyclic loading tests fail in very different ways. The former specimens fail mainly because of a single inclined shear plane, whereas the latter specimens are reduced to a mound of small fragments.

Rationale Acute compartment syndrome is a highly aggressive condition, which needs rapid diagnosis and surgical emergency. Most cases are caused by trauma, fractures, surgeries, or vascular injury, while other causes are easily misdiagnosed. Patients concerns A 29-year-old female, with a medical history of an insect bite on the left calf but not recent trauma, was admitted to the hospital due to the swelling and pain around the bite area. Diagnoses Acute compartment syndrome of the lower leg. Interventions After admission, she developed septic shock symptoms, given intravenous antibiotics treatments. However, the condition worsened with increasing pain, loss of sensation, tense swelling, and severe pain to any stretch of the tissues. Thus the patient received fasciotomy followed by repeat and thorough debridement. After the wounds healed completely, systematic rehabilitation was performed for three weeks. Outcomes After three months of follow-up, the patient is able to walk, and moves up and down the stairs, independently. Lessons Our case highlights the possibility of acute compartment syndrome caused by insect bites when the patient presents with the signs of the condition, and the importance of earlier rehabilitation interventions to improve the functional outcome post operation.

The present study was to investigate chemical components of polysaccharides isolated from Golden needle (GNP) mushroom using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). Then, anti-inflammatory effect of the polysaccharides was also evaluated. Results indicated that GNP was composed of the three monosaccharides (glucose, mannose and xylose) with a molar ratio of 3.5:0.8:1.4. GNP could significantly decreased CD4+ CD8+, ICAM-1, and MPO in serum and colon of normal and burned rats. It could be concluded that GNP possessed strong anti-inflammatory activity in burned rats.