201. Inhibition of Antiviral Innate Immunity by Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Lpro through Interaction with the N-Terminal Domain of Swine RNase L.
- Author
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Chao Sui, Dandan Jiang, Xiangju Wu, Sidang Liu, Feng Li, Li Pan, Xiaoyan Cong, Juntong Li, Dongwan Yoo, Rock, Daniel L., Miller, Laura C., Changhee Lee, Yijun Du, and Jing Qi
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FOOT & mouth disease , *VIRUS diseases , *NATURAL immunity , *SWINE , *ANIMAL diseases - Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is the pathogen of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), which is a highly contagious disease in cloven-hoofed animals. To survive in the host, FMDV has evolved multiple strategies to antagonize host innate immune responses. In this study, we showed that the leader protease (Lpro) of FMDV, a papain-like proteinase, promoted viral replication by evading the antiviral interferon response through counteracting the 29,59-oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS)/RNase L system. Specifically, we observed that the titers of Lpro deletion virus were significantly lower than those of wildtype FMDV (FMDV-WT) in cultured cells. Our mechanistic studies demonstrated that Lpro interfered with the OAS/RNase L pathway by interacting with the N-terminal domain of swine RNase L (sRNase L). Remarkably, Lpro of FMDV exhibited species-specific binding to RNase L in that the interaction was observed only in swine cells, not human, monkey, or canine cells. Lastly, we presented evidence that by interacting with sRNase L, FMDV Lpro inhibited cellular apoptosis. Taken together, these results demonstrate a novel mechanism that Lpro utilizes to escape the OAS/RNase L-mediated antiviral defense pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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