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Mohammed bin Salman's human rights record remains abysmal, but Biden seems to have decided that -- to lower fuel prices and strengthen the alliance against Russia's invasion of Ukraine -- he must stop keeping the crown prince at arm's length. President Joe Biden is bringing the Saudi crown prince in from the cold. [Extracted from the article]

In this article, the author reflects on the racial discrimination in International Criminal Court (ICC) for Africans. He mentions that the African criticisms on discrimination have intensified following the indictment of Kenya's president Uhuru Kenyatta and his deputy by the court. He also discusses the crime of Apartheid as defined by the 2002 Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court for systematic oppression and domination by one racial group.

ABSTRACTThe contribution of interleukin-3 (IL-3), a hematopoietic growth factor and immunoregulatory cytokine, to resistance to blood-stage malaria was investigated by infecting IL-3-deficient (knockout [KO]) mice with Plasmodium bergheiNK65. Male IL-3 KO mice, but not female mice, were more resistant to infection than wild-type (WT) mice, as evidenced by lower peak parasitemia and prolonged survival. Both male and female IL-3 KO mice had increased splenomegaly and were more anemic than corresponding WT mice. Anemia was compensated for by an increase in bone marrow and splenic erythropoiesis in IL-3 KO mice, as evidenced by higher levels of erythroid progenitors. Plasma levels of gamma interferon (IFN-?) and CXCL9 (monokine induced by IFN-? [MIG]) were found to be significantly reduced in IL-3 KO mice during early stages of infection. In contrast, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) levels were significantly higher, and the percentage of peripheral blood neutrophils lower, in infected IL-3 KO mice than in WT counterparts. Overall, our results indicate that IL-3 plays a critical role in suppressing protective immunity to P. bergheiNK65 infection and that it is involved in inhibiting the development of splenomegaly, anemia, and erythropoiesis. IL-3 also influences IFN-?, CXCL9, and G-CSF production in response to infection. The abnormal responses seen in infected IL-3 KO mice may be due to the lack of IL-3 during development, to the lack of IL-3 in the infected mature mice, or to both.

In this article the author argues that the administration of U.S. President Barack Obama must focus on the promotion of domestic and international human rights policies in order to improve on U.S. foreign relations. He comments on the human rights violations committed by the administration of former U.S. President George W. Bush in its approach to the War on Terrorism. He proposes that necessary policies must include the prosecution of American torturers, the granting of fair trials to suspected terrorists, and participation in the United Nations (UN) Human Rights Council.

The article provides information on aspects related to policies of President-elect Donald Trump on Syrian war and relations with Syria. Topics discussed include Syrian President Bashar al- Assad's policy of indiscriminate firing upon civilian infrastructure, responsive approach of Russian President Vladimir Putin, and terrorists from Islamic State organization.

The author reflects on the plan of U.S. President George W. Bush to shut down the detention camp at the Guantánamo Bay Naval Base in Cuba. The detention camp is where suspected terrorists were imprisoned. Shutting it down would force the U.S. government to decide what should be done with these allegedly dangerous individuals. It investigates whether the U.S. criminal justice system can handle terrorism cases or whether due process should be sacrificed in the name of security. It discusses objections to conventional prosecutions of crimes.

The Haitian refugees fleeing their country are not the only victims of the Bush Administration's interdiction program. A further casualty is the Administration's policy on human rights in Haiti. From [...]

The article discusses the concept of curbing terrorism as the use of torture and coercion to force information from suspects.

This essay comments on the article "The Law of War in the War on Terror," by Kenneth Roth in the January/February 2004 issue of "Foreign Affairs." Roth chides the administration of U.S. President George W. Bush for using armed force and the law of armed conflict to capture and detain al-Qaeda's key operatives. But a war is in fact raging, and criminal law is too weak a weapon. Destroying the infrastructure of al Qaeda's operations has required diplomacy and the use of force as well as criminal law. The purpose of domestic criminal law is to inflict stigma and punishment, and so it must be applied cautiously. Roth suggests that criminal justice can provide all the tools necessary to defend a democratic public against catastrophic terrorism. But few criminal cases can be built on circumstantial evidence alone, and criminal proof demands near certainty, a very high hurdle that even first-rate intelligence cannot usually meet. The author, Roth, replies to the comment and points out that exceptions to the guarantees of criminal justice, once accepted, can come back to haunt us all. Roth also points out that detaching the notion of war from a traditional battlefield is easy. But it is much too dangerous to indulge.

Examines justifications on humanitarian intervention standards. Factors that contribute to justify the use of military force; Information on the criterion in legitimating humanitarian intervention; Forecast on the option to stop mass slaughter; Purpose of humanitarian intervention; Analysis of the compliance with humanitarian law. INSET: UNITED WE STAND.

Analyzes the war against terrorism declared by the U.S. after the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks. Effect of the effort to defeat particular terrorists on human rights; Importance of building a strong human rights culture in defeating terrorism in the long run; Challenge for the campaign against terrorism.

Presents letters to the editor referencing articles and topics discussed in previous issues. "Fall Guys," which focuses on the global preeminence of the U.S.; "Isolated," which discusses right-wing Anti-Americanism; "Dumb and Dumber," which comments on "Maxim."

In this article, the author comments on the U.S. president Barack Obama not keep up with public expectation to stop terrorism in the country. Topics discussed include authors narration on Obama's determination to hamper former president George Bush's rights in context of fighting terrorism in 2009, investigation needed for the ratified conventions against torture according to the author and his reflection on Obama's permission on use of aerial drones for targeted killing.

Presents letters to the editor. Criticism of the article "The False Dawn of Civil Society," by David Rieff, published in the journal "The Nation"; Appreciation of an article written by Leonard C. Lewin regarding social control, published in the journal "The Nation."

Presents letters to the editor referencing topics and articles discussed in previous issues. "Crying for Justice," which focused on assassinations and attempted assassinations and the prison sentences for assassins; "Christian Rights," which focused on religious liberty in China; "A Real Turkey," which discusses political issues in Turkey; Reaction to an advertisement for a book by David Horowitz.

Presents several letters to the editor referencing the articles published in previous issues of the periodical. "Hope Against Hope," published in the March 13 issue; "The Other Bill," published in the March 20 issue; "Tortellini," published in the March 20 issue; Rumors regarding marriage of celebrity Catharine A. MacKinnon; "Not Facing History," published in the March 6 issue; Political Pressure on the Library of Congress from the German government for exhibiting an anti-Hitler resistance exhibition; Issue of human rights of the Palestinians in Israel; Comments about programming of the cable television channel the Learning Channel; Views that the dominant American culture's acceptance of Asian feminine sexuality has preceded acceptance of ethnic Asians as genuine Americans.

Presents several letters to the editor. Comments on the article "Fusion Meltdown"; Discussion on the political activist Alex de Waal's criticisms of the human rights; Remarks on the article "Media Matters," by Richard Cohen.

The article offers information on the use of chemical weapons by Syria which killed 1,400 people at two sites in suburban Damascus, Syria on August 21, 2013. It informs that the U.S. organization Human Rights Watch has confirmed that the chemical weapon was fired by the military forces of Syria. It further mentions that Syrian forces have used rockets, artillery, and fuel-air explosives to attack populated areas, targeting functioning bakeries, medical facilities, and schools.

Letters to the editor are presented in response to several articles of the September and July/August 2013 issues, including "Drone Warrior: Has It Become Too Easy for a President to Kill?" about drone aircraft warfare by Mark Bowden, an article about outsider art by Sarah Boxer, and "Big in . . . Moscow" about the Pussy Riot punk band by Olga Khazan, with Bowden's and Boxer's replies.

Several letters to the editor are presented including one related to journalist Eskinder Nega and one on proposal to redevelop the Willesden Library.

The editorial presents the author's recommendations for 2008 U.S. presidential candidates John McCain or Barack Obama to improve the U.S. commitment to human rights when elected president. Recommendations include applying anti-torture legislation to the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), banning the use of extraordinary rendition, and closing the U.S. military prison in Guantánamo Bay, Cuba.

Reflects on the humanitarian intervention in the Iraq war. Factors to determine whether military intervention can be characterized as humanitarian; Number of Iraqis who were murdered by the Iraqi government during the last 25 years of Baath Party rule; Information on a December 2003 report of Human Rights Watch.

The article reports on International Criminal Court (ICC) prosecutor Fatou Bensouda as one of the 100 most influential people of 2012, discussing her appointment as the ICC's first African female chief prosecutor, as well as her work during the Rwanda genocide tribunals.

The article talks about the state of human rights under the administration of the President Donald Trump led government. Topics discussed include U.S. and Great Britain being the two traditional defenders of human rights, however with Trump displaying an affinity to rights-trampling strongmen and Britain being occupied by Brexit, human rights have been ignored by the countries. It also talks about the rise of populism in many parts of the world and inequality caused by globalization, automation, and technological change.