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4,570 results on '"Sesso A"'

203. Disruptive Behavior Disorders: Symptoms, Evaluation and Treatment

Author

Annarita Milone and Gianluca Sesso

Subjects
n/a, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract

Disruptive behavior disorders (DBD) refer to a group of conditions that typically share difficulties in modulating aggressive conducts, self-control, and impulses, with resulting behaviors that constitute a threat to others’ safety and to social norms [...]

Published
2022
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206. Effects of Vitamin D3 Supplementation on Cardiovascular and Cancer Outcomes by eGFR in VITAL

Author

Christine P. Limonte, Leila R. Zelnick, Andrew N. Hoofnagle, Ravi Thadhani, Michal L. Melamed, Samia Mora, Nancy R. Cook, Heike Luttmann-Gibson, Howard D. Sesso, I-Min Lee, Julie E. Buring, JoAnn E. Manson, and Ian H. de Boer

Subjects
Male, Cardiovascular Diseases, Parathyroid Hormone, Neoplasms, Dietary Supplements, Humans, Female, General Medicine, Vitamin D, Original Investigation, Aged, Cholecalciferol, Glomerular Filtration Rate
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Reduced 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) metabolism and secondary hyperparathyroidism are common with lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and may contribute to cardiovascular disease and cancer risk. METHODS: We assessed for heterogeneity by baseline eGFR of the effects of vitamin D(3) on cardiovascular and cancer outcomes in the Vitamin D and Omega-3 Trial (VITAL). Participants were randomized to 2000 IU vitamin D(3) and/or 1 g Ω-3 fatty acids daily using a placebo-controlled, two-by-two factorial design (5.3 years follow-up). Primary study end points were incident major cardiovascular events and invasive cancer. Changes in serum 25(OH)D and parathyroid hormone (PTH) were examined. RESULTS: Baseline eGFR was available for 15,917 participants. Participants’ mean age was 68 years, and 51% were women. Vitamin D(3) resulted in higher serum 25(OH)D compared with placebo (difference in change 12.5 ng/ml; 95% CI, 12 to 13.1 ng/ml), without heterogeneity by eGFR (P interaction, continuous eGFR=0.2). Difference in change in PTH between vitamin D(3) and placebo was larger with lower eGFR (P interaction=0.05): –6.9 (95% CI, –10.5 to –3.4), –5.8 (95% CI, –8.3 to –3.4), –4 (95% CI, –5.9 to –2.2), and –3.8 (95% CI, –5.6 to –2) pg/ml for eGFR

Published
2022
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207. The effect of vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on pain prevalence and severity in older adults: a large-scale ancillary study of the VITamin D and OmegA-3 triaL (VITAL).

Author

Soens, Mieke A., Sesso, Howard D., Manson, JoAnn E., Fields, Kara G., Buring, Julie E., I-Min Lee, Cook, Nancy R., Eunjung Kim, Bubes, Vadim, Dushkes, Rimma, Serhan, Charles N., and Rathmell, James P.

Subjects
*OMEGA-3 fatty acids, *VITAMIN D, *OLDER people, *DIETARY supplements, *OLDER men
Abstract

A diet supplemented with vitamin D and marine omega-3 fatty acids may prevent and treat painful disorders by promoting the resolution of inflammation. However, large, randomized placebo-controlled trials evaluating the effects of supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin D on the presence and severity of pain are lacking. VITamin D and OmegA-3 triaL—Pain (VITALPain) is an ancillary study to the VITAL trial, a large randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of vitamin D (2000 IU/day) and omega-3 supplementation (1 g/day) over 5.3 years of median follow-up, among 25,871 older men and women. We assessed pain among those reaching the end of the VITAL intervention phase using questions from the 2012 National Health Interview Survey. We used ordinal logistic regression to test the effect of vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids on the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval [CI] of reporting higher pain prevalence or severity. Overall, 19,611 participants provided complete pain information at the end of the VITAL trial. The ORs for higher pain prevalence or severity for vitamin D and omega-3 supplementation vs placebo were 0.99 ([CI] 0.94-1.05) and 0.99 ([CI] 0.94-1.04), respectively. There was no interaction between the 2 active treatments. Dietary supplementation with commonly used moderate doses of vitamin D or omega-3 fatty acids over a median of 5.3 years did not result in a lower prevalence or severity of pain in middle-aged and older U.S. adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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209. Impact of pain and adverse health outcomes on long-term US testicular cancer survivors.

Author

Dinh, Paul C, Monahan, Patrick O, Fosså, Sophie D, Sesso, Howard D, Feldman, Darren R, Dolan, M Eileen, Nevel, Kathryn, Kincaid, John, Vaughn, David J, Martin, Neil E, Sanchez, Victoria A, Einhorn, Lawrence H, Frisina, Robert, Fung, Chunkit, Kroenke, Kurt, and Travis, Lois B

Subjects
TESTICULAR cancer, CANCER survivors, PERIPHERAL vascular diseases, PAIN, NEURALGIA, MENTAL health, FUNCTIONAL status
Abstract

Background No study has quantified the impact of pain and other adverse health outcomes on global physical and mental health in long-term US testicular cancer survivors or evaluated patient-reported functional impairment due to pain. Methods Testicular cancer survivors given cisplatin-based chemotherapy completed validated surveys, including Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System v1.2 global physical and mental health, Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System pain questionnaires, and others. Multivariable linear regression examined relationships between 25 adverse health outcomes with global physical and mental health and pain-interference scores. Adverse health outcomes with a β ^  of more than 2 are clinically important and reported below. Results Among 358 testicular cancer survivors (median age = 46 years, interquartile range [IQR] = 38–53 years; median time since chemotherapy = 10.7 years, IQR = 7.2–16.0 years), median adverse health outcomes number was 5 (IQR = 3–7). A total of 12% testicular cancer survivors had 10 or more adverse health outcomes, and 19% reported chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain. Increasing adverse health outcome numbers were associated with decreases in physical and mental health (P  <  .0001 each). In multivariable analyses, chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain (⁠ β ^ = −3.72; P  =  .001), diabetes (⁠ β ^ = −4.41; P  =  .037), obesity (⁠ β ^ = −2.01; P  =  .036), and fatigue (⁠ β ^ = −8.58; P  <  .0001) were associated with worse global mental health, while being married or living as married benefited global mental health (⁠ β ^  = 3.63; P  =  .0006). Risk factors for pain-related functional impairment included lower extremity location (⁠ β ^  = 2.15; P  =  .04) and concomitant peripheral artery disease (⁠ β ^  = 4.68; P  <  .001). Global physical health score reductions were associated with diabetes (⁠ β ^ = −3.81; P  =  .012), balance or equilibrium problems (⁠ β ^ = −3.82; P  =  .003), cognitive dysfunction (⁠ β ^ = −4.43; P  <  .0001), obesity (⁠ β ^ = −3.09; P  <  .0001), peripheral neuropathy score (⁠ β ^ = −2.12; P  <  .0001), and depression (⁠ β ^ = −3.17; P  <  .0001). Conclusions Testicular cancer survivors suffer adverse health outcomes that negatively impact long-term global mental health, global physical health, and pain-related functional status. Clinically important factors associated with worse physical and mental health identify testicular cancer survivors requiring closer monitoring, counseling, and interventions. Chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain must be addressed, given its detrimental impact on patient-reported functional status and mental health 10 or more years after treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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213. Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies five new susceptibility loci for pancreatic cancer

Author

Alison P. Klein, Brian M. Wolpin, Harvey A. Risch, Rachael Z. Stolzenberg-Solomon, Evelina Mocci, Mingfeng Zhang, Federico Canzian, Erica J. Childs, Jason W. Hoskins, Ashley Jermusyk, Jun Zhong, Fei Chen, Demetrius Albanes, Gabriella Andreotti, Alan A. Arslan, Ana Babic, William R. Bamlet, Laura Beane-Freeman, Sonja I. Berndt, Amanda Blackford, Michael Borges, Ayelet Borgida, Paige M. Bracci, Lauren Brais, Paul Brennan, Hermann Brenner, Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Julie Buring, Daniele Campa, Gabriele Capurso, Giulia Martina Cavestro, Kari G. Chaffee, Charles C. Chung, Sean Cleary, Michelle Cotterchio, Frederike Dijk, Eric J. Duell, Lenka Foretova, Charles Fuchs, Niccola Funel, Steven Gallinger, J. Michael M. Gaziano, Maria Gazouli, Graham G. Giles, Edward Giovannucci, Michael Goggins, Gary E. Goodman, Phyllis J. Goodman, Thilo Hackert, Christopher Haiman, Patricia Hartge, Manal Hasan, Peter Hegyi, Kathy J. Helzlsouer, Joseph Herman, Ivana Holcatova, Elizabeth A. Holly, Robert Hoover, Rayjean J. Hung, Eric J. Jacobs, Krzysztof Jamroziak, Vladimir Janout, Rudolf Kaaks, Kay-Tee Khaw, Eric A. Klein, Manolis Kogevinas, Charles Kooperberg, Matthew H. Kulke, Juozas Kupcinskas, Robert J. Kurtz, Daniel Laheru, Stefano Landi, Rita T. Lawlor, I.-Min Lee, Loic LeMarchand, Lingeng Lu, Núria Malats, Andrea Mambrini, Satu Mannisto, Roger L. Milne, Beatrice Mohelníková-Duchoňová, Rachel E. Neale, John P. Neoptolemos, Ann L. Oberg, Sara H. Olson, Irene Orlow, Claudio Pasquali, Alpa V. Patel, Ulrike Peters, Raffaele Pezzilli, Miquel Porta, Francisco X. Real, Nathaniel Rothman, Ghislaine Scelo, Howard D. Sesso, Gianluca Severi, Xiao-Ou Shu, Debra Silverman, Jill P. Smith, Pavel Soucek, Malin Sund, Renata Talar-Wojnarowska, Francesca Tavano, Mark D. Thornquist, Geoffrey S. Tobias, Stephen K. Van Den Eeden, Yogesh Vashist, Kala Visvanathan, Pavel Vodicka, Jean Wactawski-Wende, Zhaoming Wang, Nicolas Wentzensen, Emily White, Herbert Yu, Kai Yu, Anne Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Wei Zheng, Peter Kraft, Donghui Li, Stephen Chanock, Ofure Obazee, Gloria M. Petersen, and Laufey T. Amundadottir

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Genetic variants associated with susceptibility to pancreatic cancer have been identified using genome wide association studies (GWAS). Here, the authors combine data from over 9000 patients and perform a meta-analysis to identify five novel loci linked to pancreatic cancer.

Published
2018
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214. Prevalence of chronic kidney disease and comorbidities in isolated African descent communities (PREVRENAL): methodological design of a cohort study

Author

Natalino Salgado-Filho, Joyce Santos Lages, Dyego José Brito, João Victor Salgado, Gyl Eanes Silva, Alcione Miranda Santos, Francisco Chagas Monteiro-Júnior, Elisangela Milhomen Santos, Antônio Augusto Silva, Denizar Vianna Araújo, and Ricardo Castro Sesso

Subjects
African, Kidney disease, Glomerular filtration rate, Brazil, Population study, Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology, RC870-923
Abstract

Abstract Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is considered a serious public health problem, both in Brazil and worldwide, with an increasing number of cases observed inrecent years. Especially, CKD has been reported to be highly prevalent in those of African descent. However, Brazil lacks data from early-stage CKD population studies, and the prevalence of CKD is unknown for both the overall and African descent populations. Hence, the present study aimsto estimate the prevalence of early-stage CKD and its associated risk factors in African-Brazilians from isolated African-descent communities. Herein, the detailed methodology design of the study is described. Methods This population-based, prospective, longitudinal, cohort study (PREVRENAL) is performed in three stages: first, clinical, nutritional, and anthropometric evaluations; measurements of serum and urinary markers; and examinations of comorbiditieswere performed. Second, repeated examinations of individuals with CKD, systemic arterial hypertension, and/or diabetes mellitus; image screening; and cardiac risk assessment were performed. Third, long-term monitoring of all selected individuals will be conducted (ongoing). Using probability sampling, 1539 individuals from 32 communities were selected. CKD was defined asaglomerular filtration rate (GFR) ≤60 mL/min/1.73m2 and albuminuria > 30 mg/day. Discussion This study proposes to identify and monitor individuals with and without reduced GFR and high albuminuria in isolated populations of African descendants in Brazil. As there are currently no specific recommendations for detecting CKD in African descendants, four equations for estimating the GFR based on serum creatinine and cystatin C were used and will be retrospectively compared. The present report describes the characteristics of the target population, selection of individuals, and detection of a population at risk, along with the imaging, clinical, and laboratory methodologies used. The first and second stages have been concluded and the results will be published in the near future. The subsequent (third) stage is the long-term, continuous monitoring of individuals diagnosed with renal abnormalities or with CKD risk factors. The entire study population will be re-evaluated five years after the study initiation. The expectation is to obtain information about CKD evolution among this population, including the progression rate, complication development, and cardiovascular events.

Published
2018
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215. Validation of the Proposed Specifiers for Conduct Disorder (PSCD) Scale in a Sample of Italian Students

Author

Pietro Muratori, Carlo Buonanno, Anna Gallani, Giuseppe Grossi, Valentina Levantini, Annarita Milone, Simone Pisano, Randall T. Salekin, Gianluca Sesso, Gabriele Masi, and Annalaura Nocentini

Subjects
grandiose-manipulative, callous-unemotional, daring-impulsive, psychopathy, early adolescent, conduct problems, Pediatrics, RJ1-570
Abstract

This study aimed to further validate the self-reported version of the Proposed Specifiers Conduct Disorder (PSCD) scale, testing the associations between the PSCD with a scale that measures emotional/behavioral difficulties and prosocial behaviors (Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire, SDQ). A total of 536 Italian students (47.76% male; 11–14 years) completed the PSCD, while their caregivers and teachers completed the SDQ. A series of confirmatory factor analyses to test the best fitting model were run. The internal consistency of the PSCD was evaluated, and the correlations between the PSCD self-reported scores and SDQ Parent and Teacher report scores were examined. A bi-factor model was fitted with a refined 19-item version of the scale, which showed adequate fit indices. The PSCD total score was strongly associated with higher parent- and teacher-rated conduct problems, hyperactivity, and lower prosocial behavioral symptoms. In conclusion, this study indicated that the self-report PSCD shows preliminary promise as a reliable, easy-to-use tool, for measuring psychopathic traits in Italian children and young adolescents.

Published
2021
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216. Biological Bases of Empathy and Social Cognition in Patients with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Focus on Treatment with Psychostimulants

Author

Pamela Fantozzi, Gianluca Sesso, Pietro Muratori, Annarita Milone, and Gabriele Masi

Subjects
empathy, theory of mind, emotion recognition, ADHD, disruptive behavior, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract

In recent years, there has been growing interest in investigating the effect of specific pharmacological treatments for ADHD not only on its core symptoms, but also on social skills in youths. This stands especially true for ADHD patients displaying impulsive aggressiveness and antisocial behaviors, being the comorbidity with Disruptive Behavior Disorders, one of the most frequently observed in clinical settings. This systematic review aimed to synthesize research findings on this topic following PRISMA guidelines and to identify gaps in current knowledge, future directions, and treatment implications. Search strategies included the following terms: ADHD; methylphenidate and other ADHD drugs; empathy, theory of mind and emotion recognition. Full-text articles were retrieved and data from individual studies were collected. Thirteen studies were finally included in our systematic review. Ten studies assessing changes in empathy and/or theory of mind in patients with ADHD treated after pharmacological interventions were identified. Similarly, seven partially overlapping studies assessing changes in emotion recognition were retrieved. Despite a great heterogeneity in the methodological characteristics of the included studies, most of them reported an improvement in emphatic and theory of mind abilities in youths with ADHD treated with psychostimulants and nonstimulant drugs, as well as positive but less consistent results about emotion recognition performances.

Published
2021
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219. Body Mass Index, Diabetes and Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Risk: The Liver Cancer Pooling Project and Meta-analysis

Author

Petrick, Jessica L., Thistle, Jake E., Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Anne, Zhang, Xuehong, Wactawski-Wende, Jean, Van Dyke, Alison L., Stampfer, Meir J., Sinha, Rashmi, Sesso, Howard D., Schairer, Catherine, Rosenberg, Lynn, Rohan, Thomas E., Robien, Kim, Purdue, Mark P., Poynter, Jenny N., Palmer, Julie R., Newton, Christina C., Linet, Martha S., Liao, Linda M., Lee, I-Min, Koshiol, Jill, Kitahara, Cari M., Hofmann, Jonathan N., Graubard, Barry I., Giovannucci, Edward, Gaziano, J. Michael, Gapstur, Susan M., Freedman, Neal D., Chong, Dawn Q., Chan, Andrew T., Buring, Julie E., Beane Freeman, Laura E., Campbell, Peter T., and McGlynn, Katherine A.

Published
2018
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220. Tobacco, alcohol use and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: The Liver Cancer Pooling Project

Author

Petrick, Jessica L., Campbell, Peter T., Koshiol, Jill, Thistle, Jake E., Andreotti, Gabriella, Beane-Freeman, Laura E., Buring, Julie E., Chan, Andrew T., Chong, Dawn Q., Doody, Michele M., Gapstur, Susan M., Gaziano, John Michael, Giovannucci, Edward, Graubard, Barry I., Lee, I-Min, Liao, Linda M., Linet, Martha S., Palmer, Julie R., Poynter, Jenny N., Purdue, Mark P., Robien, Kim, Rosenberg, Lynn, Schairer, Catherine, Sesso, Howard D., Sinha, Rashmi, Stampfer, Meir J., Stefanick, Marcia, Wactawski-Wende, Jean, Zhang, Xuehong, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Anne, Freedman, Neal D., and McGlynn, Katherine A.

Published
2018
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222. Effectiveness of a 16-month multi-component and environmental school-based intervention for recovery of poor income overweight/obese children and adolescents: study protocol of the health multipliers program

Author

Pollyanna Fernandes Patriota, Andrea Rocha Filgueiras, Viviane Belucci Pires de Almeida, Guilherme Aparecido Costa Alexmovitz, Carlos Eduardo da Silva, Vivian Fortuna Feres de Carvalho, Natália Carvalho, Maria Paula de Albuquerque, Semiramis Martins Alvares Domene, Wagner Luiz do Prado, Gustavo Enrique Salazar Torres, Ana Paula Reis de Oliveira, Ricardo Sesso, and Ana Lydia Sawaya

Subjects
Obesity, Nutrition education, Weight reduction programs, Clinical trials, Study protocol, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Abstract Background Excess of weight is a serious public health concern in almost all countries, afflicting people of different ages and socioeconomic backgrounds. Studies have indicated the need for developing treatment strategies that intervene directly in the obesogenic environment. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a multi-component and environmental school-based intervention, lasting 16 months, on the recovery of the nutritional status of low-income children and adolescents with overweight/ obesity. Methods/study design The study was conducted by the Center for Recovery and Nutritional Education (CREN) in São Paulo, Brazil. Two schools located in poor neighborhoods were selected for the intervention, between March 2016 and June 2017. The participants were all students aged 8 to 12 years from the two participating schools. At the beginning of the intervention, anthropometric measurements were carried out to assess the nutritional status of the students. For convenience, students from one of the schools were considered as the control group, while those from the other school formed the experimental group. The intervention in the experimental group (n = 438) consists of the following weekly activities at school: psychological counseling in groups, theoretical/practical nutrition workshops, and supervised physical education classes. In addition, theoretical and practical educational activities are held regularly for parents, teachers, and cooks. Students with excess of weight (≥1 body mass index [BMI] –for-age Z score, n = 138) received clinical and nutritional care periodically at the outpatient care at CREN. Students enrolled in the control group (n = 353) participated in psychological counseling groups and theoretical/practical nutrition workshops for 6 months held in the school environment to provide motivation to entire classrooms. In the following 10 months, students with excess of weight from the control group (n = 125) were invited to attend the routine outpatient care at CREN. Discussion This study is the first to assess the effectiveness of a multi-component and environmental school-based intervention for the recovery of low-income, overweight/obese children and adolescents. If positive, the results demonstrate the feasibility for the recovery of excess of weight in populations of similar conditions and age. Trial registration Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials - ReBEC Primary Id Number RBR-9t2jr8 . Registration Date: Nov. 30, 2016. Retrospectively registered. Protocol version: 3.

Published
2017
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223. Global value chains: an analysis of the overflow effect of the Brazilian auto industry for the years 2000 and 2014

Author

Gustavo Henrique Leite de Castro, Renan Henrique Luquini, Marcia Regina Gabardo Camara, Umberto Antonio Sesso Filho, and Paulo Rogério Alves Brene

Subjects
Automobile industry, Global Value Chains, Input-Output, Overflow, Economic growth, development, planning, HD72-88, Economics as a science, HB71-74
Abstract

The objective of this work is to map, analyze and compare the production multipliers and the overflow effect related to the manufacturing sector of motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers to 43 countries plus the rest of the world - focusing on Brazil - for the years of 2000 and 2014. For this purpose, a theoretical and empirical discussion was held that contemplates theories about the Global Value Chains and a retrospective of the Brazilian automobile industry. The work used the global input-output analysis to estimate the production multipliers based on data available from WIOD (2017). As the main result the research indicates an increase of the multipliers of global production, occurring the same for this sector in Brazil. Another important result was the reduction of the overflow effect for Brazil going against the global effect, that is, this sector, which is supported by the State, decreased its external dependence

Published
2017
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224. Genome-wide association study identifies multiple risk loci for renal cell carcinoma

Author

Ghislaine Scelo, Mark P. Purdue, Kevin M. Brown, Mattias Johansson, Zhaoming Wang, Jeanette E. Eckel-Passow, Yuanqing Ye, Jonathan N. Hofmann, Jiyeon Choi, Matthieu Foll, Valerie Gaborieau, Mitchell J. Machiela, Leandro M. Colli, Peng Li, Joshua N. Sampson, Behnoush Abedi-Ardekani, Celine Besse, Helene Blanche, Anne Boland, Laurie Burdette, Amelie Chabrier, Geoffroy Durand, Florence Le Calvez-Kelm, Egor Prokhortchouk, Nivonirina Robinot, Konstantin G. Skryabin, Magdalena B. Wozniak, Meredith Yeager, Gordana Basta-Jovanovic, Zoran Dzamic, Lenka Foretova, Ivana Holcatova, Vladimir Janout, Dana Mates, Anush Mukeriya, Stefan Rascu, David Zaridze, Vladimir Bencko, Cezary Cybulski, Eleonora Fabianova, Viorel Jinga, Jolanta Lissowska, Jan Lubinski, Marie Navratilova, Peter Rudnai, Neonila Szeszenia-Dabrowska, Simone Benhamou, Geraldine Cancel-Tassin, Olivier Cussenot, Laura Baglietto, Heiner Boeing, Kay-Tee Khaw, Elisabete Weiderpass, Borje Ljungberg, Raviprakash T. Sitaram, Fiona Bruinsma, Susan J. Jordan, Gianluca Severi, Ingrid Winship, Kristian Hveem, Lars J. Vatten, Tony Fletcher, Kvetoslava Koppova, Susanna C. Larsson, Alicja Wolk, Rosamonde E. Banks, Peter J. Selby, Douglas F. Easton, Paul Pharoah, Gabriella Andreotti, Laura E. Beane Freeman, Stella Koutros, Demetrius Albanes, Satu Männistö, Stephanie Weinstein, Peter E. Clark, Todd L. Edwards, Loren Lipworth, Susan M. Gapstur, Victoria L. Stevens, Hallie Carol, Matthew L. Freedman, Mark M. Pomerantz, Eunyoung Cho, Peter Kraft, Mark A. Preston, Kathryn M. Wilson, J. Michael Gaziano, Howard D. Sesso, Amanda Black, Neal D. Freedman, Wen-Yi Huang, John G. Anema, Richard J. Kahnoski, Brian R. Lane, Sabrina L. Noyes, David Petillo, Bin Tean Teh, Ulrike Peters, Emily White, Garnet L. Anderson, Lisa Johnson, Juhua Luo, Julie Buring, I-Min Lee, Wong-Ho Chow, Lee E. Moore, Christopher Wood, Timothy Eisen, Marc Henrion, James Larkin, Poulami Barman, Bradley C. Leibovich, Toni K. Choueiri, G. Mark Lathrop, Nathaniel Rothman, Jean-Francois Deleuze, James D. McKay, Alexander S. Parker, Xifeng Wu, Richard S. Houlston, Paul Brennan, and Stephen J. Chanock

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Risk for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is higher when there are first-degree family members with the disease. Here, Scelo and colleagues perform a genome-wide association meta-analysis and new genome-wide scan to identify seven new loci with significant RCC association.

Published
2017
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226. Effects of cocoa extract and a multivitamin on cognitive function: A randomized clinical trial

Author

Laura D, Baker, Joann E, Manson, Stephen R, Rapp, Howard D, Sesso, Sarah A, Gaussoin, Sally A, Shumaker, and Mark A, Espeland

Subjects
Psychiatry and Mental health, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Developmental Neuroscience, Epidemiology, Health Policy, Neurology (clinical), Geriatrics and Gerontology
Abstract

Dietary supplements are touted for cognitive protection, but supporting evidence is mixed. COSMOS-Mind tested whether daily administration of cocoa extract (containing 500 mg/day flavanols) versus placebo and a commercial multivitamin-mineral (MVM) versus placebo improved cognition in older women and men.COSMOS-Mind, a large randomized two-by-two factorial 3-year trial, assessed cognition by telephone at baseline and annually. The primary outcome was a global cognition composite formed from mean standardized (z) scores (relative to baseline) from individual tests, including the Telephone Interview of Cognitive Status, Word List and Story Recall, Oral Trail-Making, Verbal Fluency, Number Span, and Digit Ordering. Using intention-to-treat, the primary endpoint was change in this composite with 3 years of cocoa extract use. The pre-specified secondary endpoint was change in the composite with 3 years of MVM supplementation. Treatment effects were also examined for executive function and memory composite scores, and in pre-specified subgroups at higher risk for cognitive decline.A total of 2262 participants were enrolled (mean age = 73y; 60% women; 89% non-Hispanic White), and 92% completed the baseline and at least one annual assessment. Cocoa extract had no effect on global cognition (mean z-score = 0.03, 95% CI: -0.02 to 0.08; P = .28). Daily MVM supplementation, relative to placebo, resulted in a statistically significant benefit on global cognition (mean z = 0.07, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.12; P = .007), and this effect was most pronounced in participants with a history of cardiovascular disease (no history: 0.06, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.11; history: 0.14, 95% CI -0.02 to 0.31; interaction, nominal P = .01). Multivitamin-mineral benefits were also observed for memory and executive function. The cocoa extract by MVM group interaction was not significant for any of the cognitive composites.Cocoa extract did not benefit cognition. However, COSMOS-Mind provides the first evidence from a large, long-term, pragmatic trial to support the potential efficacy of a MVM to improve cognition in older adults. Additional work is needed to confirm these findings in a more diverse cohort and to identify mechanisms to account for MVM effects.COSMOS-Mind was a large simple pragmatic randomized clinical trial in older adults conducted by mail and telephone. The trial used a two-by-two factorial design to assess treatment effects of two different interventions within a single large study. We found no cognitive benefit of daily cocoa extract administration (containing 500 mg flavanols) for 3 years. Daily multivitamin-mineral (MVM) supplementation for 3 years improved global cognition, episodic memory, and executive function in older adults. The MVM benefit appeared to be greater for adults with cardiovascular disease.

Published
2022
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227. Sugar-Sweetened and Artificially Sweetened Beverages and Risk of Liver Cancer and Chronic Liver Disease Mortality

Author

Zhao, Longgang, primary, Zhang, Xinyuan, additional, Coday, Mace, additional, Garcia, David O., additional, Li, Xinyi, additional, Mossavar-Rahmani, Yasmin, additional, Naughton, Michelle J., additional, Lopez-Pentecost, Melissa, additional, Saquib, Nazmus, additional, Shadyab, Aladdin H., additional, Simon, Michael S., additional, Snetselaar, Linda G., additional, Tabung, Fred K., additional, Tobias, Deirdre K., additional, VoPham, Trang, additional, McGlynn, Katherine A., additional, Sesso, Howard D., additional, Giovannucci, Edward, additional, Manson, JoAnn E., additional, Hu, Frank B., additional, Tinker, Lesley F., additional, and Zhang, Xuehong, additional

Published
2023
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228. Elucidation of the Bovine Intramammary Bacteriome and Resistome from healthy cows of Swiss dairy farms in the Canton Tessin

Author

Romanò, Alicia, primary, Ivanovic, Ivana, additional, Segessemann, Tina, additional, Vazquez Rojo, Laura, additional, Widmer, Jérôme, additional, Egger, Lotti, additional, Dreier, Matthias, additional, Sesso, Lorenzo, additional, Vaccani, Michael, additional, Schuler, Martin, additional, Frei, Daniel, additional, Frey, Juerg, additional, Ahrens, Christian H., additional, Steiner, Adrian, additional, and Graber, Hans Ulrich, additional

Published
2023
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229. Genetic Susceptibility to Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Risk for Pancreatic Cancer: Mendelian Randomization

Author

King, Sontoria D., primary, Veliginti, Swathi, additional, Brouwers, Martijn C.G.J., additional, Ren, Zhewen, additional, Zheng, Wei, additional, Setiawan, Veronica W., additional, Wilkens, Lynne R., additional, Shu, Xiao-Ou, additional, Arslan, Alan A., additional, Beane Freeman, Laura E., additional, Bracci, Paige M., additional, Canzian, Federico, additional, Du, Mengmeng, additional, Gallinger, Steven J., additional, Giles, Graham G., additional, Goodman, Phyllis J., additional, Haiman, Christopher A., additional, Kogevinas, Manolis, additional, Kooperberg, Charles, additional, LeMarchand, Loic, additional, Neale, Rachel E., additional, Visvanathan, Kala, additional, White, Emily, additional, Albanes, Demetrius, additional, Andreotti, Gabriella, additional, Babic, Ana, additional, Berndt, Sonja I., additional, Brais, Lauren K., additional, Brennan, Paul, additional, Buring, Julie E., additional, Rabe, Kari G., additional, Bamlet, William R., additional, Chanock, Stephen J., additional, Fuchs, Charles S., additional, Gaziano, J. Michael, additional, Giovannucci, Edward L., additional, Hackert, Thilo, additional, Hassan, Manal M., additional, Katzke, Verena, additional, Kurtz, Robert C., additional, Lee, I.-Min, additional, Malats, Núria, additional, Murphy, Neil, additional, Oberg, Ann L., additional, Orlow, Irene, additional, Porta, Miquel, additional, Real, Francisco X., additional, Rothman, Nathaniel, additional, Sesso, Howard D., additional, Silverman, Debra T., additional, Thompson, Ian M., additional, Wactawski-Wende, Jean, additional, Wang, Xiaoliang, additional, Wentzensen, Nicolas, additional, Yu, Herbert, additional, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Anne, additional, Yu, Kai, additional, Wolpin, Brian M., additional, Duell, Eric J., additional, Li, Donghui, additional, Hung, Rayjean J., additional, Perdomo, Sandra, additional, McCullough, Marjorie L., additional, Freedman, Neal D., additional, Patel, Alpa V., additional, Peters, Ulrike, additional, Riboli, Elio, additional, Sund, Malin, additional, Tjønneland, Anne, additional, Zhong, Jun, additional, Van Den Eeden, Stephen K., additional, Kraft, Peter, additional, Risch, Harvey A., additional, Amundadottir, Laufey T., additional, Klein, Alison P., additional, Stolzenberg-Solomon, Rachael Z., additional, and Antwi, Samuel O., additional

Published
2023
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230. Researching COVID to Enhance Recovery (RECOVER) adult study protocol: Rationale, objectives, and design

Author

Horwitz, Leora I., primary, Thaweethai, Tanayott, additional, Brosnahan, Shari B., additional, Cicek, Mine S., additional, Fitzgerald, Megan L., additional, Goldman, Jason D., additional, Hess, Rachel, additional, Hodder, S. L., additional, Jacoby, Vanessa L., additional, Jordan, Michael R., additional, Krishnan, Jerry A., additional, Laiyemo, Adeyinka O., additional, Metz, Torri D., additional, Nichols, Lauren, additional, Patzer, Rachel E., additional, Sekar, Anisha, additional, Singer, Nora G., additional, Stiles, Lauren E., additional, Taylor, Barbara S., additional, Ahmed, Shifa, additional, Algren, Heather A., additional, Anglin, Khamal, additional, Aponte-Soto, Lisa, additional, Ashktorab, Hassan, additional, Bassett, Ingrid V., additional, Bedi, Brahmchetna, additional, Bhadelia, Nahid, additional, Bime, Christian, additional, Bind, Marie-Abele C., additional, Black, Lora J., additional, Blomkalns, Andra L., additional, Brim, Hassan, additional, Castro, Mario, additional, Chan, James, additional, Charney, Alexander W., additional, Chen, Benjamin K., additional, Chen, Li Qing, additional, Chen, Peter, additional, Chestek, David, additional, Chibnik, Lori B., additional, Chow, Dominic C., additional, Chu, Helen Y., additional, Clifton, Rebecca G., additional, Collins, Shelby, additional, Costantine, Maged M., additional, Cribbs, Sushma K., additional, Deeks, Steven G., additional, Dickinson, John D., additional, Donohue, Sarah E., additional, Durstenfeld, Matthew S., additional, Emery, Ivette F., additional, Erlandson, Kristine M., additional, Facelli, Julio C., additional, Farah-Abraham, Rachael, additional, Finn, Aloke V., additional, Fischer, Melinda S., additional, Flaherman, Valerie J., additional, Fleurimont, Judes, additional, Fonseca, Vivian, additional, Gallagher, Emily J., additional, Gander, Jennifer C., additional, Gennaro, Maria Laura, additional, Gibson, Kelly S., additional, Go, Minjoung, additional, Goodman, Steven N., additional, Granger, Joey P., additional, Greenway, Frank L., additional, Hafner, John W., additional, Han, Jenny E., additional, Harkins, Michelle S., additional, Hauser, Kristine S. P., additional, Heath, James R., additional, Hernandez, Carla R., additional, Ho, On, additional, Hoffman, Matthew K., additional, Hoover, Susan E., additional, Horowitz, Carol R., additional, Hsu, Harvey, additional, Hsue, Priscilla Y., additional, Hughes, Brenna L., additional, Jagannathan, Prasanna, additional, James, Judith A., additional, John, Janice, additional, Jolley, Sarah, additional, Judd, S. E., additional, Juskowich, Joy J., additional, Kanjilal, Diane G., additional, Karlson, Elizabeth W., additional, Katz, Stuart D., additional, Kelly, J. Daniel, additional, Kelly, Sara W., additional, Kim, Arthur Y., additional, Kirwan, John P., additional, Knox, Kenneth S., additional, Kumar, Andre, additional, Lamendola-Essel, Michelle F., additional, Lanca, Margaret, additional, Lee-lannotti, Joyce K., additional, Lefebvre, R. Craig, additional, Levy, Bruce D., additional, Lin, Janet Y., additional, Logarbo, Brian P., additional, Logue, Jennifer K., additional, Longo, Michele T., additional, Luciano, Carlos A., additional, Lutrick, Karen, additional, Malakooti, Shahdi K., additional, Mallett, Gail, additional, Maranga, Gabrielle, additional, Marathe, Jai G., additional, Marconi, Vincent C., additional, Marshall, Gailen D., additional, Martin, Christopher F., additional, Martin, Jeffrey N., additional, May, Heidi T., additional, McComsey, Grace A., additional, McDonald, Dylan, additional, Mendez-Figueroa, Hector, additional, Miele, Lucio, additional, Mittleman, Murray A., additional, Mohandas, Sindhu, additional, Mouchati, Christian, additional, Mullington, Janet M., additional, Nadkarni, Girish N., additional, Nahin, Erica R., additional, Neuman, Robert B., additional, Newman, Lisa T., additional, Nguyen, Amber, additional, Nikolich, Janko Z., additional, Ofotokun, Igho, additional, Ogbogu, Princess U., additional, Palatnik, Anna, additional, Palomares, Kristy T. S., additional, Parimon, Tanyalak, additional, Parry, Samuel, additional, Parthasarathy, Sairam, additional, Patterson, Thomas F., additional, Pearman, Ann, additional, Peluso, Michael J., additional, Pemu, Priscilla, additional, Pettker, Christian M., additional, Plunkett, Beth A., additional, Pogreba-Brown, Kristen, additional, Poppas, Athena, additional, Porterfield, J. Zachary, additional, Quigley, John G., additional, Quinn, Davin K., additional, Raissy, Hengameh, additional, Rebello, Candida J., additional, Reddy, Uma M., additional, Reece, Rebecca, additional, Reeder, Harrison T., additional, Rischard, Franz P., additional, Rosas, Johana M., additional, Rosen, Clifford J., additional, Rouphael, Nadine G., additional, Rouse, Dwight J., additional, Ruff, Adam M., additional, Saint Jean, Christina, additional, Sandoval, Grecio J., additional, Santana, Jorge L., additional, Schlater, Shannon M., additional, Sciurba, Frank C., additional, Selvaggi, Caitlin, additional, Seshadri, Sudha, additional, Sesso, Howard D., additional, Shah, Dimpy P., additional, Shemesh, Eyal, additional, Sherif, Zaki A., additional, Shinnick, Daniel J., additional, Simhan, Hyagriv N., additional, Singh, Upinder, additional, Sowles, Amber, additional, Subbian, Vignesh, additional, Sun, Jun, additional, Suthar, Mehul S., additional, Teunis, Larissa J., additional, Thorp, John M., additional, Ticotsky, Amberly, additional, Tita, Alan T. N., additional, Tragus, Robin, additional, Tuttle, Katherine R., additional, Urdaneta, Alfredo E., additional, Utz, P. J., additional, VanWagoner, Timothy M., additional, Vasey, Andrew, additional, Vernon, Suzanne D., additional, Vidal, Crystal, additional, Walker, Tiffany, additional, Ward, Honorine D., additional, Warren, David E., additional, Weeks, Ryan M., additional, Weiner, Steven J., additional, Weyer, Jordan C., additional, Wheeler, Jennifer L., additional, Whiteheart, Sidney W., additional, Wiley, Zanthia, additional, Williams, Natasha J., additional, Wisnivesky, Juan P., additional, Wood, John C., additional, Yee, Lynn M., additional, Young, Natalie M., additional, Zisis, Sokratis N., additional, and Foulkes, Andrea S., additional

Published
2023
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231. Censo Brasileiro de Diálise 2021

Author

Nerbass, Fabiana B, primary, Lima, Helbert do Nascimento, additional, Thomé, Fernando Saldanha, additional, Vieira Neto, Osvaldo Merege, additional, Sesso, Ricardo, additional, and Lugon, Jocemir Ronaldo, additional

Published
2023
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232. Brazilian Dialysis Survey 2021

Author

Nerbass, Fabiana B, primary, Lima, Helbert do Nascimento, additional, Thomé, Fernando Saldanha, additional, Vieira Neto, Osvaldo Merege, additional, Sesso, Ricardo, additional, and Lugon, Jocemir Ronaldo, additional

Published
2023
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233. Risk of Kidney Failure and Mortality in Patients Under Nephrology Care in NonHigh-Income Settings

Author

Lopes, Antonio, Pecoits-Filho, Roberto, Combe, Christian, Jacquelinet, Christian, Massy, Ziad, Stengel, Benedicte, Duttlinger, Johannes, Fliser, Danilo, Lonnemann, Gerhard, Reichel, Helmut, Wada, Takashi, Yamagata, Kunihiro, Pisoni, Ron, Robinson, Bruce, Calice da Silva, Viviane, Sesso, Ricardo, Speyer, Elodie, Asahi, Koichi, Hoshino, Junichi, Narita, Ichiei, Perlman, Rachel, Port, Friedrich, Sukul, Nidhi, Wong, Michelle, Young, Eric, Zee, Jarcy, Guedes, Murilo, Tu, Charlotte, Bieber, Brian, Silva, Viviane Calice, and De Pinho, Natalia Alencar

Published
2024
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235. Associations of self-reported stair climbing with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality: The Harvard Alumni Health Study

Author

Juan Pablo Rey-Lopez, Emmanuel Stamatakis, Martin Mackey, Howard D. Sesso, and I-Min Lee

Subjects
Medicine
Abstract

To evaluate the association between numbers of floors climbed (per week) and all-cause and cardiovascular (CVD) mortality in men. A prospective study was conducted in 8874 men (Median [interquartile range] age: 65 years [60–71.6 years]) from the Harvard Alumni Health Study. Participants reported the number of floors habitually climbed, physical activity in their leisure time, other health related behaviours and any physician diagnosed disease in 1988. Men were followed for mortality through December 2008. Multivariate Cox hazard models to examine the association between weekly number of floors climbed and all-cause and CVD mortality adjusted for participation in total physical activity and other confounders.During a median follow-up of 12.4 years, 4063 men died (1195 from CVD). After adjusting for confounders (age, walking, sports/recreation, body mass index, alcohol intake, and smoking, diagnoses of hypertension or diabetes or high cholesterol) number of stairs habitually climbed was inversely associated with all-cause mortality (p trend

Published
2019
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236. Brazilian chronic dialysis survey 2017

Author

Fernando Saldanha Thomé, Ricardo Cintra Sesso, Antonio Alberto Lopes, Jocemir Ronaldo Lugon, and Carmen Tzanno Martins

Subjects
Kidney Failure, Chronic, Renal Dialysis, Census Data, Epidemiology, Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology, RC870-923
Abstract

Abstract Introduction: Having national data on chronic dialysis is essential in treatment planning. Objective: To present data of the survey from the Brazilian Society of Nephrology on patients with chronic kidney disease on dialysis in July 2017. Methods: Data was collected from dialysis units in Brazil. The data collection was done using a questionnaire completed online by the dialysis units. Results: Two hundred and ninety-one centers (38.4%) answered the questionnaire. In July 2017, the estimated total number of dialysis patients was 126,583. National estimates of prevalence and incidence rates of dialysis patients per million population (pmp) were 610 (range: 473 in the North region and 710 in the Midwest) and 194, respectively. The incidence rate of new dialysis patients with diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy was 77 pmp. The annual gross mortality rate was 19.9%. Of the prevalent patients, 93.1% were on hemodialysis and 6.9% on peritoneal dialysis, with 31,226 (24%) on the waiting list for renal transplantation. Venous catheter was used as access in 22.6% of patients on hemodialysis. The prevalence rate of positive serology for hepatitis C continued with a tendency to decrease (3.3%). Conclusion: The absolute number of patients and rates of incidence and prevalence on dialysis continued to increase; the mortality rate tended to rise. There were obvious regional and state discrepancies in these rates.

Published
2019
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244. Hemodialysis in Brazil: differences across geographic regions regarding demographics, laboratory parameters and drug prescription

Author

Nerbass, Fabiana Baggio, Lima, Helbert do Nascimento, Lugon, Jocemir Ronaldo, and Sesso, Ricardo

Subjects
Renal Dialysi, Epidemiology, Diálise Renal, Epidemiologia
Abstract

Introduction: Brazil has a vast territory divided into five geographic regions with important differences in sociodemographic indices. We aimed to present and compare socio-demographic characteristics, biochemical results, and drug prescription of patients on chronic hemodialysis (HD) treatment in the five geographic regions. Methods: We evaluated data from the Brazilian Dialysis Registry of all adult patients undergoing chronic HD in 2021. Variables included sociodemographic characteristics, serum levels of phosphate, calcium, and albumin, hemoglobin, urea reduction rate, and prescription of phosphate binders, erythropoietin, and intravenous iron. Data from the North and Northeast regions were combined into one group. Results: A total of 13,792 patients (57.9 ± 16.0 years old, 58.5% male, median HD vintage of 31 (11–66) months) from 73 dialysis centers were analyzed. Regional distribution was 59.5% in the Southeast; 21.7% in the South; 5.9% in the Midwest; and 12.9% in the North/Northeast. Sociodemographic features, biochemical results, and medication prescriptions differed across regions. The prevalence of elderly patients was lower in the Midwest and North/Northeast. The South region had the highest prevalence of hyperphosphatemia (41.2%) and urea reduction rate

Published
2023

245. Treatment with Methylphenidate Improves Affective but Not Cognitive Empathy in Youths with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Author

Pamela Fantozzi, Pietro Muratori, Maria Celeste Caponi, Valentina Levantini, Cristina Nardoni, Chiara Pfanner, Federica Ricci, Gianluca Sesso, Annalisa Tacchi, Annarita Milone, and Gabriele Masi

Subjects
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, social impairment, cognitive empathy, affective empathy, methylphenidate, Pediatrics, RJ1-570
Abstract

Background: Beside the core symptoms, patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) frequently show relevant difficulty in developing relationships with peers. Although ADHD symptoms may account for social impairment, deficits in cognitive and/or affective empathy have also been involved. Our aim was to investigate the effect of methylphenidate (MPH) treatment on affective and cognitive empathy. Methods: Sixty-one drug-naïve youths with ADHD (age range 6 to 17 years, mean 10.3 ± 2.8 years, 51 males) naturalistically treated with MPH monotherapy were followed up for 6 months for ADHD symptoms and empathy, measured with the Basic Empathy Scale. Results: After being treated with MPH, the patients showed a significant improvement in affective and cognitive empathy scores. Linear regression models showed that changes in inattention symptoms predicted changes in affective but not in cognitive empathy, while changes in the hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms did not predict changes in affective or cognitive empathy. Conclusions: Our study provides a further contribution for a better understanding of the possible effects of the MPH on youth’s characteristics.

Published
2021
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246. Whole-genome sequencing reveals host factors underlying critical COVID-19

Author

Kousathanas, A, Pairo-Castineira, E, Rawlik, K, Stuckey, A, Odhams, C, Walker, S, Russell, C, Malinauskas, T, Wu, Y, Millar, J, Shen, X, Elliott, K, Griffiths, F, Oosthuyzen, W, Morrice, K, Keating, S, Wang, B, Rhodes, D, Klaric, L, Zechner, M, Parkinson, N, Siddiq, A, Goddard, P, Donovan, S, Maslove, D, Nichol, A, Semple, M, Zainy, T, Maleady-Crowe, F, Todd, L, Salehi, S, Knight, J, Elgar, G, Chan, G, Arumugam, P, Patch, C, Rendon, A, Bentley, D, Kingsley, C, Kosmicki, J, Horowitz, J, Baras, A, Abecasis, G, Ferreira, M, Justice, A, Mirshahi, T, Oetjens, M, Rader, D, Ritchie, M, Verma, A, Fowler, T, Shankar-Hari, M, Summers, C, Hinds, C, Horby, P, Ling, L, Mcauley, D, Montgomery, H, Openshaw, P, Elliott, P, Walsh, T, Tenesa, A, Shelton, J, Shastri, A, Ye, C, Weldon, C, Filshtein-Sonmez, T, Coker, D, Symons, A, Esparza-Gordillo, J, Aslibekyan, S, Auton, A, Pathak, G, Karjalainen, J, Stevens, C, Andrews, S, Kanai, M, Cordioli, M, Polimanti, R, Pirinen, M, Harerimana, N, Veerapen, K, Wolford, B, Nguyen, H, Solomonson, M, Liao, R, Chwialkowska, K, Trankiem, A, Balaconis, M, Hayward, C, Richmond, A, Campbell, A, Morris, M, Fawns-Ritchie, C, Glessner, J, Shaw, D, Chang, X, Polikowski, H, Petty, L, Chen, H, Wanying, Z, Hakonarson, H, Porteous, D, Below, J, North, K, Mccormick, J, Timmers, P, Wilson, J, D'Mellow, K, Kerr, S, Niemi, M, Nkambul, L, von Hohenstaufen, K, Sobh, A, Eltoukhy, M, Yassen, A, Hegazy, M, Okasha, K, Eid, M, Moahmed, H, Shahin, D, El-Sherbiny, Y, Elhadidy, T, Abd Elghafar, M, El-Jawhari, J, Mohamed, A, Elnagdy, M, Samir, A, Abdel-Aziz, M, Khafaga, W, El-Lawaty, W, Torky, M, El-shanshory, M, Batini, C, Lee, P, Shrine, N, Williams, A, Tobin, M, Guyatt, A, John, C, Packer, R, Ali, A, Free, R, Wang, X, Wain, L, Hollox, E, Venn, L, Bee, C, Adams, E, Niavarani, A, Sharififard, B, Aliannejad, R, Amirsavadkouhi, A, Naderpour, Z, Tadi, H, Aleagha, A, Ahmadi, S, Moghaddam, S, Adamsara, A, Saeedi, M, Abdollahi, H, Hosseini, A, Chariyavilaskul, P, Chamnanphon, M, Suttichet, T, Shotelersuk, V, Pongpanich, M, Phokaew, C, Chetruengchai, W, Jantarabenjakul, W, Putchareon, O, Torvorapanit, P, Puthanakit, T, Suchartlikitwong, P, Hirankarn, N, Nilaratanakul, V, Sodsai, P, Brumpton, B, Hveem, K, Willer, C, Zhou, W, Rogne, T, Solligard, E, Asvold, B, Abedalthagafi, M, Alaamery, M, Alqahtani, S, Barakeh, D, Al Harthi, F, Alsolm, E, Safieh, L, Alowayn, A, Alqubaishi, F, Al Mutairi, A, Mangul, S, Alshareef, A, Sawaji, M, Almutairi, M, Aljawini, N, Albesher, N, Arabi, Y, Mahmoud, E, Khattab, A, Halawani, R, Alahmadey, Z, Albakri, J, Felemban, W, Suliman, B, Hasanato, R, Al-Awdah, L, Alghamdi, J, Alzahrani, D, Aljohani, S, Al-Afghani, H, Alrashed, M, Aldhawi, N, Albardis, H, Alkwai, S, Alswailm, M, Almalki, F, Albeladi, M, Almohammed, I, Barhoush, E, Albader, A, Massadeh, S, Almalik, A, Alotaibi, S, Alghamdi, B, Jung, J, Fawzy, M, Lee, Y, Magnus, P, Trogstad, L, Helgeland, O, Harris, J, Mangino, M, Spector, T, Duncan, E, Smieszek, S, Przychodzen, B, Polymeropoulos, C, Polymeropoulos, V, Polymeropoulos, M, Fernandez-Cadenas, I, Perez-Tur, J, Llucia-Carol, L, Cullell, N, Muino, E, Carcel-Marquez, J, Dediego, M, Iglesias, L, Planas, A, Soriano, A, Rico, V, Aguero, D, Bedini, J, Lozano, F, Domingo, C, Robles, V, Ruiz-Jaen, F, Marquez, L, Gomez, J, Coto, E, Albaiceta, G, Garcia-Clemente, M, Dalmau, D, Arranz, M, Dietl, B, Serra-Llovich, A, Soler, P, Colobran, R, Martin-Nalda, A, Martinez, A, Bernardo, D, Rojo, S, Fiz-Lopez, A, Arribas, E, de la Cal-Sabater, P, Segura, T, Gonzalez-Villa, E, Serrano-Heras, G, Marti-Fabregas, J, Jimenez-Xarrie, E, de Felipe Mimbrera, A, Masjuan, J, Garcia-Madrona, S, Dominguez-Mayoral, A, Villalonga, J, Menendez-Valladares, P, Chasman, D, Buring, J, Ridker, P, Franco, G, Sesso, H, Manson, J, Medina-Gomez, C, Uitterlinden, A, Ikram, M, Kristiansson, K, Koskelainen, S, Perola, M, Donner, K, Kivinen, K, Palotie, A, Ripatti, S, Ruotsalainen, S, Kaunisto, M, Nakanishi, T, Butler-Laporte, G, Forgetta, V, Morrison, D, Ghosh, B, Laurent, L, Belisle, A, Henry, D, Abdullah, T, Adeleye, O, Mamlouk, N, Kimchi, N, Afrasiabi, Z, Rezk, N, Vulesevic, B, Bouab, M, Guzman, C, Petitjean, L, Tselios, C, Xue, X, Schurr, E, Afilalo, J, Afilalo, M, Oliveira, M, Brenner, B, Lepage, P, Ragoussis, J, Auld, D, Brassard, N, Durand, M, Chasse, M, Kaufmann, D, Lathrop, G, Mooser, V, Richards, J, Li, R, Adra, D, Rahmouni, S, Georges, M, Moutschen, M, Misset, B, Darcis, G, Guiot, J, Guntz, J, Azarzar, S, Gofflot, S, Beguin, Y, Claassen, S, Malaise, O, Huynen, P, Meuris, C, Thys, M, Jacques, J, Leonard, P, Frippiat, F, Giot, J, Sauvage, A, von Frenckell, C, Belhaj, Y, Lambermont, B, Pigazzini, S, Nkambule, L, Daya, M, Shortt, J, Rafaels, N, Wicks, S, Crooks, K, Barnes, K, Gignoux, C, Chavan, S, Laisk, T, Lall, K, Lepamets, M, Magi, R, Esko, T, Reimann, E, Milani, L, Alavere, H, Metsalu, K, Puusepp, M, Metspalu, A, Naaber, P, Laane, E, Pesukova, J, Peterson, P, Kisand, K, Tabri, J, Allos, R, Hensen, K, Starkopf, J, Ringmets, I, Tamm, A, Kallaste, A, Bochud, P, Rivolta, C, Bibert, S, Quinodoz, M, Kamdar, D, Boillat, N, Nussle, S, Albrich, W, Suh, N, Neofytos, D, Erard, V, Voide, C, de Cid, R, Galvan-Femenia, I, Blay, N, Carreras, A, Cortes, B, Farre, X, Sumoy, L, Moreno, V, Mercader, J, Guindo-Martinez, M, Torrents, D, Kogevinas, M, Garcia-Aymerich, J, Castano-Vinyals, G, Dobano, C, Renieri, A, Mari, F, Fallerini, C, Daga, S, Benetti, E, Baldassarri, M, Fava, F, Frullanti, E, Valentino, F, Doddato, G, Giliberti, A, Tita, R, Amitrano, S, Bruttini, M, Croci, S, Meloni, I, Mencarelli, M, Rizzo, C, Pinto, A, Beligni, G, Tommasi, A, Di Sarno, L, Palmieri, M, Carriero, M, Alaverdian, D, Busani, S, Bruno, R, Vecchia, M, Belli, M, Picchiotti, N, Sanarico, M, Gori, M, Furini, S, Mantovani, S, Ludovisi, S, Mondelli, M, Castelli, F, Quiros-Roldan, E, Antoni, M, Zanella, I, Vaghi, M, Rusconi, S, Siano, M, Montagnani, F, Emiliozzi, A, Fabbiani, M, Rossetti, B, Bargagli, E, Bergantini, L, D'Alessandro, M, Cameli, P, Bennett, D, Anedda, F, Marcantonio, S, Scolletta, S, Franchi, F, Mazzei, M, Guerrini, S, Conticini, E, Cantarini, L, Frediani, B, Tacconi, D, Spertilli, C, Feri, M, Donati, A, Scala, R, Guidelli, L, Spargi, G, Corridi, M, Nencioni, C, Croci, L, Bandini, M, Caldarelli, G, Piacentini, P, Desanctis, E, Cappelli, S, Canaccini, A, Verzuri, A, Anemoli, V, Ognibene, A, Pancrazzi, A, Lorubbio, M, D'Arminio Monforte, A, Miraglia, F, Girardis, M, Venturelli, S, Cossarizza, A, Antinori, A, Vergori, A, Gabrieli, A, Riva, A, Francisci, D, Schiaroli, E, Paciosi, F, Scotton, P, Andretta, F, Panese, S, Scaggiante, R, Gatti, F, Parisi, S, Baratti, S, Della Monica, M, Piscopo, C, Capasso, M, Russo, R, Andolfo, I, Iolascon, A, Fiorentino, G, Carella, M, Castori, M, Merla, G, Squeo, G, Aucella, F, Raggi, P, Marciano, C, Perna, R, Bassetti, M, Di Biagio, A, Sanguinetti, M, Masucci, L, Valente, S, Mandala, M, Giorli, A, Salerni, L, Zucchi, P, Parravicini, P, Menatti, E, Trotta, T, Giannattasio, F, Coiro, G, Lena, F, Coviello, D, Mussini, C, Martinelli, E, Mancarella, S, Tavecchia, L, Crotti, L, Gabbi, C, Rizzi, M, Maggiolo, F, Ripamonti, D, Bachetti, T, La Rovere, M, Sarzi-Braga, S, Bussotti, M, Ceri, S, Pinoli, P, Raimondi, F, Biscarini, F, Stella, A, Zguro, K, Capitani, K, Suardi, C, Dei, S, Parati, G, Ravaglia, S, Artuso, R, Botta, G, Di Domenico, P, Rancan, I, Perrella, A, Bianchi, F, Romani, D, Bergomi, P, Catena, E, Colombo, R, Tanfoni, M, Vincenti, A, Ferri, C, Grassi, D, Pessina, G, Tumbarello, M, Di Pietro, M, Sabrina, R, Luchi, S, Barbieri, C, Acquilini, D, Andreucci, E, Segala, F, Tiseo, G, Falcone, M, Lista, M, Poscente, M, De Vivo, O, Petrocelli, P, Guarnaccia, A, Baroni, S, Smith, A, Boughton, A, Li, K, Lefaive, J, Annis, A, Chittoor, G, Josyula, N, Leader, J, Carey, D, Gass, M, Cantor, M, Yadav, A, van Heel, D, Hunt, K, Mason, D, Huang, Q, Finer, S, Trivedi, B, Griffiths, C, Martin, H, Wright, J, Trembath, R, Soranzo, N, Zhao, J, Butterworth, A, Danesh, J, Di 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Abstract

Critical COVID-19 is caused by immune-mediated inflammatory lung injury. Host genetic variation influences the development of illness requiring critical care1 or hospitalization2–4 after infection with SARS-CoV-2. The GenOMICC (Genetics of Mortality in Critical Care) study enables the comparison of genomes from individuals who are critically ill with those of population controls to find underlying disease mechanisms. Here we use whole-genome sequencing in 7,491 critically ill individuals compared with 48,400 controls to discover and replicate 23 independent variants that significantly predispose to critical COVID-19. We identify 16 new independent associations, including variants within genes that are involved in interferon signalling (IL10RB and PLSCR1), leucocyte differentiation (BCL11A) and blood-type antigen secretor status (FUT2). Using transcriptome-wide association and colocalization to infer the effect of gene expression on disease severity, we find evidence that implicates multiple genes—including reduced expression of a membrane flippase (ATP11A), and increased expression of a mucin (MUC1)—in critical disease. Mendelian randomization provides evidence in support of causal roles for myeloid cell adhesion molecules (SELE, ICAM5 and CD209) and the coagulation factor F8, all of which are potentially druggable targets. Our results are broadly consistent with a multi-component model of COVID-19 pathophysiology, in which at least two distinct mechanisms can predispose to life-threatening disease: failure to control viral replication; or an enhanced tendency towards pulmonary inflammation and intravascular coagulation. We show that comparison between cases of critical illness and population controls is highly efficient for the detection of therapeutically relevant mechanisms of disease.

Published
2022

248. Chronic hemodialysis patients with COVID-19 cared for by the public health system have higher mortality than those treated in private facilities: analysis of the Brazilian dialysis registry

Author

Helbert, do Nascimento Lima, Fabiana Baggio, Nerbass, Osvaldo Merege Vieira, Neto, Ricardo, Sesso, Jocemir Ronaldo, Lugon, and P H, Fraxino

Subjects
Nephrology, Urology
Abstract

Brazil is the third country globally in dialysis patients. Little is known about the impact of the type of health insurance on the outcome of these patients after COVID-19.We analyzed comorbidities, sociodemographic factors, and dialysis-related parameters from a retrospective cohort study of 1866 Brazilian chronic hemodialysis patients with COVID-19 from Feb 2020-July 2021. We evaluated the influence of health insurance (private vs. public) on the intensive care unit admission and 90 day fatality risk.From 1866 hemodialysis patients, 455 (24%) were admitted to the intensive care unit, and 350 (19%) died. The mean age was 57.5 years, 88% had public health insurance. Crude case-fatality rate was not different between groups (private vs. public risk ratio 1.11; 95% CI 0.82-1.52, p = 0.498). In fully adjusted multivariate models, patients with private health insurance did not have a higher chance to be admitted to an intensive care unit (odds ratio 0.97; 95% CI 0.63-1.50, p = 0.888), but they presented a lower death risk (hazard ratio 0.56; 95% CI 0.37-0.85, p = 0.006).The type of health insurance did not influence the access of hemodialysis patients with COVID-19 to an intensive care unit, but patients with private health insurance had a lower mortality risk.

Published
2022
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250. Intramammary use of antibiotics in dairy farms in the canton of Ticino before, during and after Staphylococcus aureus genotype B elimination

Author

Vaccani, M., Sesso, L., Pont, J., Schüpbach-Regula, G., and Bodmer, M.

Subjects
Staphylococcus aureus, Farms, Genotype, 630 Agriculture, General Veterinary, Cattle Diseases, Pilot Projects, Staphylococcal Infections, 500 Science, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Dairying, Milk, Animals, 590 Animals (Zoology), Cattle, Female, Mastitis, Bovine
Abstract

The aim of the study was to evaluate the use of intramammary antibiotics before, during and after the elimination of Staphylococcus aureus genotype B (SAGTB). Data on intramammary antibiotic use was collected in 65 dairy farms as part of a pilot project for SAGTB elimination in the canton of Ticino from 2017 to 2019. The investigated farms were divided into 46 affected farms (with at least one SAGTB-positive animal) and 19 control farms (SAGTB-free farms). Data on antibiotic use were requested from veterinarians and treatment incidence, as a measure of antibiotic use, was calculated based on medical records and veterinary prescriptions. In addition, the treatment incidence was calculated for 47 farms during alpine farming period. In 2018 (elimination year), the mean incidence of treatment during lactation in the SAGTB-positive farms was significantly higher than in the control farms (p=0,003). In 2019 no significantly lower antibiotic use during lactation or dry period was detected between 2017 (before elimination) and 2019 (after elimination). Alpine farming places where only S. aureus genotype B-negative animals had access to had a significantly lower antibiotic use during lactation (p=0,004). The new federal database (Antibiotics Information System in Veterinary Medicine, IS ABV) should allow continuous monitoring and to confirm the reduction of antibiotic use in the coming years.Das Ziel der Studie war es, den Verbrauch von intramammären Antibiotika vor, während und nach der Sanierung von Staphylococcus aureus Genotyp B (SAGTB) zu bewerten. In der Studie wurden Daten zum intramammären Antibiotikaverbrauch von 2017 bis 2019 in 65 Milchviehbetrieben im Rahmen eines Pilotprojekts zur SAGTB-Sanierung im Kanton Tessin erhoben, aufgeteilt in 46 Fallbetriebe (mit mindestens einem SAGTB-positiven Tier) und 19 Kontrollbetriebe (SAGTB-freie Betriebe). Daten zum Antibiotikaverbrauch wurden von Tierärzten angefordert, und dank der tierärztlichen Aufzeichnungen und Verschreibungen war es möglich, die Behandlungsinzidenz als Messgrösse für den Antibiotikaverbrauch zu berechnen. Zusätzlich konnte für 47 Betriebe auch die Behandlungsinzidenz während der Alpung berechnet werden. Im Jahr 2018 (Sanierungsjahr) war die Behandlungsinzi­denz während der Laktation in den SAGTB – positiven Betrieben im Mittel signifikant höher als für die Kontrollbetriebe (p=0,003). Beim Vergleich von 2017 (vor der Sanierung) mit 2019 (nach der Sanierung) gab es im Jahr 2019 keinen signifikant niedrigeren Antibiotikaverbrauch während der Laktation und für das Trockenstellen zu verzeichnen. Bei den Sömmerungsbetrieben wurde im Jahr nach der Sanierung (2019) ein signifikant tieferer Antibiotikaverbrauch während der Laktation für diejenigen Alpen festgestellt, welche nur S. aureus Genotyp B negative Tiere aufnahmen (p=0,004). Es ist zu hoffen, dass mit Hilfe der neuen Bundesdatenbank (Informationssystem Antibiotika in der Veterinärmedizin, IS ABV) das Monitoring in den kommenden Jahren fortgesetzt werden kann und die Reduzierung des Antibiotikaverbrauchs auch in den Folgejahren bestätigt werden.L’objectif de l’étude était d’évaluer la consommation d’antibiotiques intramammaires avant, pendant et après l’assainissement de Staphylococcus aureus génotype B (SAGTB). Dans le cadre d’un projet pilote d’assainissement SAGTB dans le canton du Tessin, l’étude a recueilli des données sur la consommation d’antibiotiques intramammaires de 2017 à 2019 dans 65 exploitations laitières réparties en 46 exploitations test (avec au moins un animal positif au SAGTB) et 19 exploitations témoins (exploitations exemptes de SAGTB). Les données relatives à la consommation d’antibiotiques ont été demandées aux vétérinaires et, grâce aux enregistrements et aux prescriptions des vétérinaires, il a été possible de calculer l’incidence du traitement en tant que mesure de la consommation d’antibiotiques. En outre, l’incidence des traitements pendant l’alpage a également pu être calculée pour 47 exploitations. En 2018 (année d’assainissement), l’incidence des traitements pendant la lactation était en moyenne significativement plus élevée dans les exploitations SAGTB-positives que pour les exploitations de contrôle (p=0,003). En comparant 2017 (avant l’assainissement) et 2019 (après l’assainissement), il n’y a pas eu de baisse significative de la consommation d’antibiotiques pendant la lactation et le tarissement en 2019. Dans les exploitations d’estivage, on a constaté l’année suivant l’assainissement (2019) une consommation d’antibiotiques significativement plus faible pendant la lactation pour les alpages qui n’accueillaient que des animaux négatifs à S. aureus génotype B (p=0,004). Il faut espérer qu’avec l’aide de la nouvelle base de données fédérale (Système d’information sur les antibiotiques en médecine vétérinaire, IS ABV), le monitoring pourra être poursuivi dans les années à venir et que la réduction de la consommation d’antibiotiques sera confirmée dans les années suivantes.Lo scopo dello studio era di valutare l’uso di antibiotici intramammari prima, durante e dopo il risanamento da Staphylococcus aureus genotipo B (SAGTB). I dati sull’uso di antibiotici intramammari sono stati raccolti in 65 aziende di bovine da latte, dal 2017 al 2019, nell’ambito di un progetto pilota per il risanamento dello SAGTB nel Canton Ticino. Le aziende esaminate sono state suddivise in 46 aziende infette (con almeno un animale positivo allo SAGTB) e 19 aziende di controllo (aziende prive di SAGTB). I dati sull’uso di antibiotici sono stati richiesti ai veterinari e l’incidenza dei trattamenti, come la misura dell’uso di antibiotici, è stata calcolata sulla base delle cartelle cliniche e delle prescrizioni veterinarie. Inoltre, l’incidenza dei trattamenti è stata calcolata per 47 aziende anche durante il periodo dell’alpeggio. Nel 2018 (anno del risanamento), l’incidenza media dei trattamenti durante la lattazione negli allevamenti positivi allo SAGTB era significativamente più alta rispetto agli allevamenti di controllo (p=0,003). Mettendo a confronto il 2017 (prima del risanamento) e il 2019 (dopo il risanamento) non è stato rilevato un uso di antibiotici significativamente inferiore durante la lattazione o il periodo di asciutta. Per gli allevamenti di estivazione, si è registrato un consumo di antibiotici significativamente inferiore durante la lattazione nell’anno successivo al risanamento (2019) per gli alpeggi che hanno alpeggiato solo animali negativi al genotipo B di S. aureus (p=0,004). Si spera che con l’aiuto della nuova banca dati federale (Sistema d’informazione sugli antibiotici nella medicina veterinaria, SI AMV), il monitoraggio possa continuare nei prossimi anni e che la riduzione del consumo di antibiotici sia confermata anche negli anni successivi.

Published
2022
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