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Purpose: To analyze the incidence and mortality of laryngeal cancer in cancer registration areas of China in 2010.Materials and Methods: Until June 1, 2013, 219 population-based cancer registries submitted data of 2010 to the National Central Cancer Registry of China covering about 207,229,403 population, and 120 cancer registries were selected after quality evaluation for this analysis. Laryngeal cancer cases were selected from the database according to International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision coded as "C32." We calculated the crude incidence and mortality rates of laryngeal cancer by sex, age, and location (urban/rural). The China population in 2000 and Segi's population were used as standardized populations for the calculation of age-standardized rates.Results: In 2010, it was estimated that there were 20,272 new cases diagnosed as laryngeal cancer in China, including 17,703 males and 2569 females. The crude incidence rate of laryngeal cancer was 1.54/100,000 in 2010, accounting for 0.66% of overall new cancer cases. The age-standardized by China population (ASRcn) and by world population (ASRwld) were 1.18/100,000 and 1.20/100,000, respectively. Cumulative rate (0-74 years old) and truncated age-standardized rate (35-64 years old) were 0.15% and 1.98/100,000, respectively. Moreover, it was estimated that there were 11 914 cases died in laryngeal cancer in China, including 10,038 males and 1876 females. The crude mortality rate was 0.91/100,000, accounting for 0.61% of overall cancer deaths. The ASRcn and ASRwld were 0.68/100,000 and 0.69/100,000, respectively. Cumulative rate and truncated age-standardized rates were 0.08% and 0.88/100,000, respectively.Conclusions: Both incidence and mortality of laryngeal cancer in China were still low in 2010. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To analyze the incidence and mortality of oral cavity cancer in the cancer registration areas of China in 2010.Materials and Methods: Until June 1, 2013, 219 population-based cancer registries submitted the data of 2010 to the National Central Cancer Registry of China covering about 207,229,403 population, and 120 cancer registries were selected after the quality evaluation for this analysis. Oral cavity cancer cases were selected from the database according to the International Classification of Diseases-10 coded as "C00-C10, C11-C12." We calculated the crude incidence and mortality rates of oral cavity cancer by sex, age, and location (urban/rural). The China population in 2000 and Segi's population were used as standardized populations for the calculation of age standardized rates.Results: In 2010, it was estimated that there were 34,319 new cases diagnosed as oral cavity cancer in China, including 23,096 males and 11,223 females. The crude incidence rate of oral cavity cancer was 2.61/100,000 in 2010, accounting for 1.11% of overall new cancer cases, ranked the 20th in all cancer sites. The age standardized by China population (ASRcn) and by world population (ASRwld) were 2.06/100,000 and 2.02/100,000, respectively. Cumulative rate (0-74 years old) and truncated age standardized rate (35-64 years old) were 0.23% and 3.82/100 000, respectively. In 2010, it was estimated that there were 14,652 cases died in oral cavity cancer in China, including 10,363 males and 4289 females. The crude mortality rate of oral cavity cancer was 1.11/100,000 in 2010, accounting for 0.75% of overall cancer deaths, ranked the 20th in all cancer sites. The ASRcn and ASRwld were 0.86/100,000 and 0.85/100,000, respectively. Cumulative rate and truncated age standardized rates were 0.10% and 1.30/100,000, respectively.Conclusions: Both the incidence and mortality of oral cavity cancer in China were still low in 2010. Primary prevention such as smoking control, reducing alcohol consumption, changing the habit of chewing betel nut, and chemical prevention should be enhanced in the general population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Previous studies reported the association between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of IL15 receptor alpha (IL15RA) gene with susceptibility to ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the spine (OPLL). However, the results were still in controversy. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the association between SNPs of IL15RA gene with susceptibility to OPLL in a Chinese Han population. Methods: A total of 235 OPLL patients and 250 age-matched healthy controls were recruited. All the subjects were genotyped using the PCR (polymerase chain reaction)-based invader assay. A case–control study was performed to define the contribution of rs2228059 and rs2296139 to predisposition of OPLL. We also performed subgroup analysis according to the different gender. Results: A significant association of rs2228059 with OPLL was observed in the Chinese Han population (p <0.001, OR = 1.63, 95% CI = 1.26–2.11). The subgroup analysis showed that there was a significant association between the allele frequency of rs2228059 and the susceptibility of OPLL in males (p = 0.002, OR = 1.72, 95% CI = 1.23–2.42). However, there was no significant association between SNP of rs2296139 and susceptibility to OPLL. Conclusions: The present study demonstrates that the SNP of rs2228059 in IL15RA gene is associated with susceptibility to OPLL in a Chinese Han population, especially in males. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Because of global climate change, it is necessary to add forest biomass estimation to national forest resource monitoring. The biomass equations developed for forest biomass estimation should be compatible with volume equations. Based on the tree volume and aboveground biomass data of Masson pine ( Pinus massoniana Lamb.) in southern China, we constructed one-, two- and three-variable aboveground biomass equations and biomass conversion functions compatible with tree volume equations by using error-in-variable simultaneous equations. The prediction precision of aboveground biomass estimates from one variable equation exceeded 95%. The regressions of aboveground biomass equations were improved slightly when tree height and crown width were used together with diameter on breast height, although the contributions to regressions were statistically insignificant. For the biomass conversion function on one variable, the conversion factor decreased with increasing diameter, but for the conversion function on two variables, the conversion factor increased with increasing diameter but decreased with increasing tree height. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Six-sulfatoxymelatonin (aMT6s) is a primary urinary metabolite of melatonin. We examined the association between aMT6s levels and shift work estimated by a job exposure matrix (JEM) among healthy participants of the Shanghai Women's Health Study. Methods: Creatinine-adjusted aMT6s levels were measured in the urine samples of 300 women and related to JEM shift work categories. Results: Adjusted geometric means of aMT6s levels from urine samples collected before 08:00 hours were lower among persons holding nighttime shift work jobs. The adjusted aMT6s levels (ng/mg creatinine) were 8.36 [95% confidence intervals (95% CI) 4.47-15.6], 6.37 (95% CI 3.53-11.5), 6.20 (95% CI 3.33-11.5), 3.81 (95% CI 2.02-7.19), and 3.70 (95% CI 1.92-7.11) from the lowest (never held a shift work job) to the highest (current job likely involved all-night shift work) shift work JEM scores (P=0.05). Conclusion: Our results indicate that night shift work JEM scores were significantly and inversely associated with aMT6s levels in early morning spot urine samples collected between 07:00-08:00 hours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent study has shown that an image of an object can be focused with a negative index material without a conventional lens. Based on this, we propose a scheme in which a given microwave source can be shifted a virtual distance by using a properly designed perfect lens. Two typical systems are studied in detail. One is a power combiner, by which several distributed sources can be combined as a single source at a required location. When the sources have the same initial phase, the system will perform as a perfect power combiner. The second is a multisource co-beam reflector, in which the offset sources generate beams that propagate back along the axis of the reflector; this has not been satisfactorily solved by any traditional methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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During the course of our research on new actinobacterial sources, a novel actinomycete strain YIM 63101 was isolated from the surface-sterilized roots of Artemisia annua L. collected from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan province, south-west China and characterized by using a polyphasic approach. The strain formed well-differentiated aerial and substrate mycelia. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain YIM 63101 belongs to the genus Pseudonocardia, with highest similarity to ' Pseudonocardia artemisiae YIM 63587' (99.4%). Sequence similarities between strain YIM 63101 and the other Pseudonocardia species ranged from 97.0 ( Pseudonocardia saturnea IMSNU 20052) to 94.0% ( Pseudonocardia compacta IMSNU 20111). The chemotaxonomic characteristics, such as cell wall diaminopimelic acid, whole-cell sugars, fatty acid components and the major menaquinones suggested that the organism belonged to the genus Pseudonocardia. The G + C content of the genomic DNA was 69.4 mol%. Based on comparative analysis of physiological, biochemical and chemotaxonomic data, including low DNA-DNA hybridization results, it is proposed that strain YIM 63101 represents a novel species of the genus Pseudonocardia, named Pseudonocardia bannaensis sp. nov. The type strain is YIM 63101 (= CCTCC AA 208077 = DSM 45300). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]