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The high storage capacity versus high selectivity trade-off barrier presents a daunting challenge to practical application as an acetylene (C2 H2 ) adsorbent. A structure-performance relationship screening for sixty-two high-performance metal-organic framework adsorbents reveals that a moderate pore size distribution around 5.0-7.5 A is critical to fulfill this task. A precise pore space partition approach was involved to partition 1D hexagonal channels of typical MIL-88 architecture into finite segments with pore sizes varying from 4.5 A (SNNU-26) to 6.4 A (SNNU-27), 7.1 A (SNNU-28), and 8.1 A (SNNU-29). Coupled with bare tetrazole N sites (6 or 12 bare N sites within one cage) as high-density H-bonding acceptors for C2 H2 , the target MOFs offer a good combination of high C2 H2 /CO2 adsorption selectivity and high C2 H2 uptake capacity in addition to good stability. The optimized SNNU-27-Fe material demonstrates a C2 H2 uptake of 182.4 cm3 g-1 and an extraordinary C2 H2 /CO2 dynamic breakthrough time up to 91 min g-1 under ambient conditions.

Rational exploration of efficient, inexpensive, and robust electrocatalysts is critical for the efficient water splitting. Conjugated conductive metal-organic frameworks (cMOFs) with multicomponent layered double hydroxides (LDHs) to construct bifunctional heterostructure catalysts are considered as an efficient but complicated strategy. Here, the fabrication of a cMOF/LDH hetero-nanotree array catalyst (CoNiRu-NT) coupled with monodispersed ruthenium (Ru) sites via a controllable grafted-growth strategy is reported. Rich-amino hexaiminotriphenylene linkers coordinate with the LDH nanotrunk to form cMOF nanobranches, providing numerous anchoring sites to precisely confine and stabilize RuN

Ternary CoCrNi medium entropy alloy (MEA) with a face-centered cubic (FCC) structure has been proven to possess superior mechanical properties in many studies. Alloying element addition is a common method to strengthen the alloys; however, the effects of rare earth element addition have rarely been discussed. In this study, different amounts of La were added in CoCrNi MEAs to investigate the microstructure and mechanical properties. (CoCrNi)100-xLax (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.5) MEAs were fabricated using arc-melting, followed by homogenization, hot rolling and recrystallization. While the structures of La-0, La-0.1 and La-0.2 were FCC solid solutions, LaNi5 precipitates of hexagonal crystal structure formed in the FCC matrix for La-0.3 and La-0.5. The presence of La in FCC matrix not only enhanced the lattice distortion because the atomic radius of La was larger than the other elements in the alloys, but also refined the grain size of the matrix. However, in the presence of LaNi5 precipitates, the La content was reduced in the matrix and the extents of both lattice distortion and grain refinement diminished which, in turn, resulted in the decreased hardness and tensile strength in La-0.3 and La-0.5. The optimum mechanical properties were obtained with small amounts of La addition in La-0.2 because of both solid solution strengthening and grain refinement strengthening.

The synthesis of economic carbon-based metal-free catalysts with high electroactivity for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is still a huge challenge for energy storage and conversion devices. Herein, the hollow N-doped carbon nanoflowers (h-N-CFs) with nanosheets subunits were synthesized by using 3,5-diaminobenzoic acid-1,3,5-benzenetricarboxaldehyde (DABA-BTCO) complex nanoflowers as the self-template and nitrogen resource. Various physical characterizations show that h-N-CFs with hollow and porous architecture have a high surface area (1390.3 m2g−1) and abundant activated N atoms (i.e., graphitic N and pyridinic N). Electrochemical measurements demonstrate that h-N-CFs synthesized at 800 °C can be used as an efficient metal-free ORR catalyst with prominent electroactivity and stability due to hollow architecture, abundant pores, and high N-doping content. Meanwhile, h-N-CFs also show eminent ORR selectivity (i.e., methanol tolerance) in alkaline media, which markedly surpasses benchmark Pt/C catalyst in the presence of methanol.

High gas‐uptake capacity is desirable for many reasons such as gas storage and sequestration. Moreover, ultrahigh capacity can enable a practical separation process by mitigating the selectivity factor that sometimes compromises separation efficiency. Herein, a single‐walled nickel–organic framework with an exceptionally high gas capture capability is reported. For example, C2H4 and C2H6 uptake capacities are at record‐setting levels of 224 and 289 cm3 g−1 at 273 K and 1 bar (169 and 110 cm3 g−1 at 298 K and 1 bar), respectively. Such ultrahigh capacities for both gases give rise to an excellent separation performance, as shown for C2H6/C2H4 with breakthrough times of 100, 60 and 30 min at 273, 283 and 298 K and under 1 atm. This new material is also shown to readily remove ethylene released from fruits, and once again, its ultrahigh capacity plays a key role in the extraordinary length of time achieved in the preservation of the fruit freshness., Long live bananas! A stable nickel metal–organic framework with a voracious and unsurpassed appetite for ethane can also perform direct air capture of ethylene to keep bananas going on and on.

Halloysite nanotube (HNT) is a natural bio-compatible and stable nanomaterial available in abundance at low-cost. In this work, HNT was modified by two strategies to make it suitable for supporting immobilization of chloroperoxidase (CPO). Firstly, Fe3O4 nanoparticles were deposited on HNT, so magnetic separation can be used instead of centrifugation. Then, the magnetic HNT was modified by 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES), which can provide amine group on surface of HNT and meanwhile inhibit the agglomeration of magnetic HNT. Then, HNT-Fe3O4 -APTES was linked with branched polyethyleneimine (PEI) to provide more amino for binding with enzyme. The so-prepared CPO@HNT-Fe3O4-APTES-PEI showed enhanced enzyme loading, reusability, improved thermal stability and tolerance to organic solvents than free CPO. For example, after 10 repeated uses, CPO@HNT- Fe3O4-APTES-PEI can maintain 92.20% of its original activity compared with 65.12% of activity of CPO@HNT-APTES-PEI and 45.69% of activity of CPO@HNT. The kinetic parameters indicated the affinity and specificity of immobilized enzyme to substrate was increased. CPO@HNT-Fe3O4-APTES-PEI was very efficient when it was applied in the degradation of pesticides mesotrione in wastewater. The degradation efficiency can reach 90% within 20 min at range of 5–40 μmol·L−1. These results ensure the potential practical application of this bio-materials in wastewater treatment.

The construction of superstable metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for selective gas uptake is urgently demanded but remains a great challenge. Herein, a unique bifunctional deformed [Ga

As an important organic intermediate, benzonitrile (BN) is widely involved in organic synthetic chemistry and pharmaceutical and dyestuff industries. However, the exploration of a more efficient and controllable synthesis technique and the corresponding greener catalysts for the synthesis of BN still poses a great challenge. Herein, with multimetallic two-dimensional conductive metal-organic frameworks (2D cMOF) as anodic electrocatalysts, we develop a green, convenient, and highly efficient electrochemical synthesis strategy for BN. Thanks to the intrinsic 2D electrically conductive structure and the optimized the multimetallic coupling catalytic effect, the resulting multimetallic 2D cMOFs exhibit excellent benzylamine (BA) electrooxidation performance. Especially, the trimetallic 2D cMOF (NiCoFe-CAT) requires an ultralow potential of 1.29 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) to achieve a 10 mA·cm-2 current density, which indicates the fastest reaction and the most favorable thermodynamic condition. A very high yield (0.058 mmol·mg-1·h-1) and faradic efficiency (∼87%) of benzonitrile are both achieved during the BA electrooxidation reaction at 1.45 V. The reaction mechanism investigations indicated that the various redox mediators of MII/MIII (Ni, Co, Fe) may be regarded as multimetal active species to promote BA conversion. Also, the excellent cycling durability of multimetallic 2D cMOFs further promotes their potential practical applications. These electrocatalytic performances are considered excellent and nearly surpass all other reported Ni-based inorganics or MOF-based electrocatalysts for the electrocatalytic oxidation of benzylamine.

System miniaturization: Shaping with multistep plasma etching and corner lithography A novel 3-D silicon shaping technology has been developed that combines a multistep etching process with corner lithography. Currently, system miniaturization relies extensively on 3-D machining techniques. A team headed by Shu Ni and Niels R. Tas at the University of Twente, Netherlands developed a versatile fabrication technique for wafer-scale micro- and nano-machining using a combination of multistep etching and corner lithography (layer deposition and subsequent timed etching of the layer, resulting in a well-defined residue in concave corners and layer removal on flat surfaces and convex corners). The multistep etching creates high-aspect-ratio structures with stacked semicircles etched deeply into the sidewall; corners are introduced with proper geometry for the subsequent corner lithography. The authors believe their technique has excellent potential for constructing high-density 3-D structures with good dimensional control in most silicon wafers.

Ozone (O3) plays an extremely important role in airway inflammation by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) including hydrogen peroxide, then promoting redox actions and causing oxidative stress. Evidences indicate that TRPC6 (canonical transient receptor potential channel 6) is a redox-regulated Ca2+ permeable nonselective cation channel, but its role in the setting of oxidative stress-related airway inflammation remains unknown. Here, we found that both TRPC6−/− mice and mice pretreated with SAR7334, a potent TRPC6 inhibitor, were protected from O3-induced airway inflammatory responses. In vitro, both knockdown of TRPC6 expression with shRNA and TRPC6 blockage markedly attenuated the release of cytokines IL-6 and IL-8 induced by O3 or H2O2 in 16HBE cells (human bronchial epithelial cell line). Treatment with O3 or H2O2 enhanced TRPC6 protein expression in vivo and vitro. We also observed that TRPC6-dependent increase of intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) was triggered by H2O2, which consisted of the release from intracellular calcium store and the influx of extracellular Ca2+ and could be further strengthened by 6-h O3 exposure in both 16HBE cells and HBEpiCs (primary human bronchial epithelial cells). Moreover, we confirmed that the activation of MAPK signals (ERK1/2, p38, JNK) was required for the inflammatory response induced by O3 or H2O2 while only the phosphorylation of ERK pathway was diminished in the TRPC6-knockdown situation. These results demonstrate that oxidative stress regulates TRPC6-mediated Ca2+ cascade, which leads to the activation of ERK pathway and inflammation and could become a potential target to treat oxidative stress-associated airway inflammatory diseases.

As a cleaner, cheaper and globally distributed fuel, methane (CH4) has considerable environmental, economic, and political advantages over petroleum as a source of energy for the transportation sector. However, it is still challenging to achieve efficient CH4 purification from CO2 or C2-hydrocarbons and its following storage for practical application, where the design of high-performance adsorbent materials is critical. Here we report two isostructural ultra-stable double-interpenetrated yttrium-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), SNNU-324 and SNNU-325, which are rationally designed by a topology-guided strategy with 1,3,5-tris(4-carboxyphenyl)benzene (BTB) and 2,4,6-tris(4-carboxyphenyl)- 1,3,5-triazine (TATB) as tritopic linkers and [Y3(OH)2(H2O)4(COO)8] and [Y4O2(H2O)4(COO)8] clusters as secondary building units (SBUs), respectively. Notably, thanks to the high-connectivity and double-interpenetrated architectures, SNNU-324-325 MOFs exhibit extra-high thermal, water and pH stability. Low-pressure gas adsorption, IAST selectivity and breakthrough curves reveal a remarkable CO2/C2-hydrocarbons over CH4 separation performance of SNNU-324 and SNNU-325. In particular, the breakthrough interval times can reach up to 20, 45, 38, and 61 min g-1 for CO2/CH4, C2H2/CH4, C2H4/CH4 and C2H6/CH4 with 2 mL min-1 for SNNU-325 at 298 K, which exceed most well-known MOF adsorbents. High-pressure gas uptake experiments further indicate SNNU-324 and SNNU-325 are promising CH4 storage adsorbents. Specially, at room temperature, SNNU-325 exhibits a total CH4 uptake of 120 cm3 cm−3 under 35 bar and deliver capacity of 65/78 cm3 cm-3 under 35/65 bar, which are comparable with most top-level methane storage MOFs.

Halloysite nanotubes (HNT) is a kind of kaolin clay consisting of one alumina octahedron sheet and one silica tetrahedron sheet formed by rolling flat sheets into a hollow tubular structure. It is an ideal carrier for immobilization of enzyme due to its large surface area, biocompatibility, and chemical and mechanical stability besides abundance and low-cost. In order to make the most of this carrier for enzyme immobilization, in this work, two strategies were proposed for entrapping and embedding chloroperoxidase (CPO) on both inner/outer wall of HNT rather than in the hollow space alone by pH modulated electrostatic adsorption. Besides the enhanced loading amount, the thermal stability and tolerance to organic solvents of immobilized CPO (I-CPO) was greatly improved compared to the free enzyme. The free CPO can retain only 11.66% activity after 1 h incubation at 80 °C, while the I-CPO remained 87.63% activity at the same condition. Even after 1.5 h incubation at 90 °C, when the free CPO lost all its activity, the I-CPO can still remain 40.3% activity; Moreover, in the presence of organic solvent (ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, methanol, and DMF) with volume fraction of 10%, almost no loss of activity of I-CPO was observed, but free CPO can only remain 41.6%, 38.2%, and 23.5% of its initial activity in ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, methanol-water mixed system respectively, and even inactivated completely in DMF in the same condition. Furthermore, the enzymatic kinetic parameters (Km, and kcat/Km) suggested the affinity and specificity of I-CPO to the substrate was improved. I-CPO was very efficient when applied in the degradation of isoproturon in wastewater. The isoproturon with initial concentration of 26.7 μmol·L−1 can be completely degraded only in 10 min, indicating a potential practical application of I-CPO in treatment of wastewater containing pesticide.

CsF + CsBr + H2O and CsF + CsNO3 + H2O mixed-electrolyte systems were investigated by the potentiometric method. The experimental data were modeled by connecting the Nernst equation with the Pitzer...

Metal–organic frameworks have shown promising applications as electrode materials for supercapacitors because of the high porosity and tunable structures, but their poor water stability and conductivity limit their capacitance and efficiency. To demonstrate how to overcome these drawbacks, three isostructural Ni–organic frameworks with [NiII2NiIII(μ3-OH)(COO)6] trinuclear building blocks are selected. Taking advantage of high-connected architectures, absence of open metal sites, and effective inner-cluster redox process, three Ni–organic frameworks all are stable in KOH electrolyte and exhibit a pseudo-capacitor behavior with high specific capacitances up to 394, 426, and 465 F g–1. The increasing porosity facilitates the diffusion of metal ions and electrons and thus increases their electrochemical performance. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the in situ fabrication of metal–organic frameworks with graphene oxide can effectively promote their supercapacitor performance. With a given 3% graphene oxide do...

An enzyme–TiO2 composite with high catalytic activity, stability at harsh reaction condition, and good reusability was prepared via modification of TiO2 by polydopamine (PDA) to tethering with chloroperoxidase (CPO) or horseradish peroxidase (HRP) through glutaraldehyde. TiO2 played both roles of solid carrier and photo-catalyst in the application of soluble dyes decolorization, and in this way, the loss of enzymatic activity during enzyme immobilization can be compensated. Because the enzyme and TiO2 were included in same composites, an enzyme-photo bifunctional synergistic catalysis was observed due to the interaction between enzyme and TiO2, resulting in that the formation of catalytic intermidiate, OH, increased and the band gap energy of TiO2 became narrow. The light absorption by TiO2 was extended from the UV region to the visible region through coated by PDA and CPO/HRP so as that CPO/HRP-TiO2@PDA can be used under visible light irradiation instead of ultraviolet light irradiation, which can avoid the decrease of enzyme activity by ultraviolet light irradiation. HRP-TiO2@PDA composite had even the best resuability of enzyme immobilized on solid support compared with the data in reference, in our best knowledge. There was no activity loss of HRP-TiO2@PDA after 15 times use, and more than 90% activity can be remained after 25 times use. Even after 40 times use, the relative activity of HRP-TiO2@PDA was 63.6% of that in the first run. The difference of reusability between CPO and HRP have relationship with the distribution of function group among the surface of enzyme molecule.

Evaluating the effect of ligand substitution on metal ions and/or clusters during the MOF growth process is conducive to rational design of isoreticular MOFs with improved performance. Through topological direction and ligand substitution strategy, we herein constructed two Sc-soc-MOFs (

CPO, a versatile enzyme, has limitations in industrial applications due to its poor stability and the difficulty of reuse. The preparation of stable immobilized enzymes with high catalytic activity is therefore desirable, but remains a challenge. A facile preparation of a series of enzyme-inorganic hybrid micro-spheres [chloroperoxidase (CPO)-(Cu/Co/Cd)3(PO4)2] and its application in the decolorization of crystal violet is reported in this work. All the hybrid micro-spheres show a multilayer petal-like structure. The formation of hybrid micro-spheres were proposed via four stages: crystallization, in-situ coordination, self-assembly and size growth. The process was entropy-driven, and there was a competition between precipitation of phosphate and coordination of M2+ with amide groups of CPO. The introduction of excess of chloride ions retarded the phosphate from precipitating by forming [MCl4]2− complexes, while simultaneously promoting the coordination of M2+ with amide groups. These hybrid materials showed high bio-catalytic activity in the decolorization of crystal violet. The decolorization efficiency reached 99.66%, 98.44% and 98.05% just within 3 min using CPO-Cu3(PO4)2, CPO-Cd3(PO4)2 and CPO-Co3(PO4)2 respectively. They also have good thermal stability, and can keep 52.89% catalytic activity after 8 cycles of use. CPO-inorganic hybrid micro-spheres [chloroperoxidase (CPO)-(Cu/Co/Cd)3(PO4)2] is promising in the treatment of waste water containing crystal violet. It also has potential application for treatment of other soluble organic dyes in industrial wastewater.

Functionalization by amine groups has been recognized as an effective route to promote the gas capture and separation performance of MOF materials; however, it remains elusive to date what is the optimal number of functional amine groups and which specific MOFs are suitable to be functionalized. To answer these questions, systemic investigations on the interactions between gas molecules and NH2-functionalized MOFs are necessary. Here a microporous Zn-F-triazolate framework which can be easily decorated by different −NH2 groups is selected (Zn-F-TRZ, Zn-F-ATRZ, and Zn-F-DATRZ; TRZ = 1,2,4-triazole, ATRZ = 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole, DATRZ = 3,5-diamino-1,2,4-triazole) to discuss the effect of amine groups on CO2 and C1/C2 hydrocarbon capture and separation. When the pressure is lower than about 0.15 atm, the CO2 uptakes increase directly with the number of anime groups (Zn-F-TRZ < Zn-F-ATRZ < Zn-F-DATRZ). However, at 1 atm, the decoration of one amine group effectively improves the CO2 adsorption of the Zn-F-t...

Development of cost-effective, high-performance electrocatalysts for water splitting is the key technological requirement for the hydrogen economy. Here, we report an in situ transformation approach for the preparation of a core–shell structured bifunctional electrocatalyst composed of a metallic Ni3Fe nanosheet-framework and a thin layer of Ni3Fe(OH)9 shell on various substrates. The Ni3Fe alloy nanostructured framework provides large electroactive surface area and accelerates the charge transport, while the Ni3Fe(OH)9 nanoshell allows an excellent electrochemical accessibility and high catalytic activity. When acting as an anode for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), the hybrid catalyst is characterized by a low onset potential (ηonset = 230 mV), small Tafel slope (28 mV/dec), and stable catalytic activity (over 24 h). More importantly, the hybrid can act as an excellent bifunctional catalyst and deliver a current density of 10 mA cm–2 at a cell voltage of 1.63 V with long stability in a symmetric alk...

Ultrathin transition-metal-based nanomeshes can perfectly combine the advantages of two-dimensional (2D) ultrathin nanosheets and porous nanostructures, which have wide applications in energy storage and conversion. In this work, we present an etch-free one-step approach to directly synthesize the ultrathin Co3O4 nanomeshes (Co-UNMs) by employing a CoCl2/K3Co(CN)6 cyanogel as the reaction precursor. The 2D planar structural unit and solid properties of the cyanogel result in the preferential assembly of generated crystal nuclei at the solid–liquid interface (i.e., cyanogel–solution interface) in the 2D direction, which plays a key role in the formation of nanomeshes. The as-prepared Co-UNMs with 1.5 nm thickness and abundant pores have high surface area and numerous defect atoms, resulting in enhanced activity for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline media, such as a low overpotential of 307 mV at 10 mA cm–2, a small Tafel slope of 76 mV dec–1, and attractive durability in 1 M KOH electrolyte.

Phase behavior and extraction ability of aqueous two-phase systems(ATPs) consisting of ionic liquids(ILs), Cs2CO3 and water were investigated in this paper. Four kinds of ionic liquids, namely, 1-amyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide([C5mim]Br), 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide([C6mim]Br), 1-heptyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([C7mim]Br) and 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide([C8mim]Br), were examined to discuss the influence of alkyl groups. Binodal curves and tie-lines at 288.15, 298.15 and 308.15 K were obtained. The partitioning behavior for L-tryptophan in such ATPs was further investigated. The effect of temperature, pH, Cs2CO3 concentration and the structure of ionic liquids on the partitioning were discussed in detail.

A porous MOF platform (SNNU-65s) formed by creatively combining paddle-wheel-like [Cu2(COO)4] and trigonal prismatic [M3(μ3-O)(COO)6] building blocks was designed herein. The mixed and high-density open metal sites and the OH-functionalized pore surface promote SNNU-65s to exhibit ultra-high C2H2 uptake and separation performance. Impressively, SNNU-65-Cu-Ga stands out for the highest C2H2/CO2 (18.7) and C2H2/CH4 (120.6) selectivity among all the reported MOFs at room temperature.

Developing an easy-to-expand synthetic method for nanostructures is highly desired, which will help in investigating the effect of the type and content of the extended component on catalytic performance. Based on original Au nanowires (NWs), we design a two-step interface control strategy to synthesize a series of bimetallic AuPt NWs and trimetallic AuPtRh NWs for the formic acid oxidation reaction (FAOR). By controlling the proportion of Au and Pt, a Au/Pt interface can achieve a AuPt alloy structure, which makes Au6Pt1/C show a complete direct dehydrogenation pathway for the FAOR. The further design and fabrication of an advanced Au/Pt/Rh interface are proved to be more active than the Au/Pt interface for the FAOR. The mechanism analysis and experimental results demonstrate that Rh atoms on the Au/Pt/Rh interface can provide active hydroxyl species, so that the adsorption of formate and the desorption of generated hydrogen species are promoted at Pt atoms on the Au/Pt/Rh interface. Consequently, Au6Pt1Rh0.5/C electrocatalysts exhibit excellent mass activity (8.05 A mgPt−1) and specific activity (14.3 mA cm−2) for the FAOR, which exceed those of most of the reported Pt-based or Pd-based electrocatalysts.

Proton-coupled electrocatalytic reactions, such as the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in acidic media, are very important half-reactions of fuel cells and water electrolysis. Aiming at increasing the interfacial proton concentration to improve the ORR/HER activity, we synthesize PdNi alloy nanostructures (PdNi-ANSs)–polyethyleneimine (PEI) inorganic–organic nanocomposites (PdNi-ANSs@PEI) by a PEI assisted cyanogel-reduction strategy. Various physical characterization techniques show that PdNi-ANSs are successfully functionalized by the PEI polymer during the synthesis of PdNi-ANSs@PEI because of the N–Pd interaction. Thanks to the increased interfacial proton concentration caused by the protonation of amine groups at PEI in acidic media, the molecular weight optimized PdNi-ANSs@PEI exhibit enhanced ORR/HER activity compared to PdNi-ANSs without PEI and commercial electrocatalysts, which indicates that the electrocatalytic activity of metal nanostructures can be remarkably improved by reasonable interface design.

Pillared-layer metal–organic frameworks show great promise for gas storage and separation because their pore size as well as functionality usually can be controlled and adjusted synergistically. By combining the common pyridine and carboxylate groups, we design herein a new 3D pillared-layer framework, [Co2(DBPT)(BPY)2(CO3)]n (SNNU-95). Dinuclear [Co2] motifs are connected by DBPT ligands to form a 2D layer, which is further bridged by BPY to obtain the 3D pillar-layered framework of SNNU-95. Remarkably, two un-coordinated pyridine groups of DBPT not only help stabilize the 2D layer through π⋯π stacking but also point into the 1D channels to create an ultramicroporous environment. Taking advantage of the ultramicroporosity and pyridine Lewis basic sites, SNNU-95 shows not only extra high CO2 over CH4 and C2 hydrocarbons over CH4 selectivity, but also remarkable C2H2/CO2, C2H2/C2H4, and C2H4/CO2 separation under ambient conditions. This synergistic effect resulting from functional groups and pore size provides a promising route to design porous materials for the highest possible gas uptake and separation performance.

Although both Pd and Rh fall into the Pd-group Pt-group elements (PPGEs), the electrocatalytic property of Rh nanocrystals for the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) in alkaline media is rarely explored till now. In this work, we develop a surfactant-free co-precipitation/co-reduction method to synthesize the carbon ball supported RhCo alloy nanocrystals (RhCo/CB) nanohybrids with different Rh/Co atomic ratios and investigate their electrocatalytic acitvity for the MOR in alkaline media. Cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry measurements show Rh 3 Co 1 /CB nanohybrids have exceptional electrocatalytic activity and long-term stability for the MOR in alkaline media, much higher than commercial Pd/C and Pt/C electrocatalysts, demonstrating that Rh-based alloy nanocrystals may be highly promising Pt-alternative electrocatalyst for the MOR in alkaline media.

Resilience is an important concept in the cancer literature and is a salient indicator of cancer survivorship. The aim of this study is to develop and validate a new resilience instrument that is specific to patients with cancer diagnosis (RS-SC) in Mainland China. First, a resilience framework was constructed for patients with cancer diagnosis. Second, items were formulated based on the framework to reflect different aspects of resilience. Third, two rounds of expert panel discussion were performed to select important and relevant items. Finally, two cross-sectional studies were conducted to evaluate the psychometric properties of this instrument. Fifty-one items were generated based on the resilience framework and the final 25-item RS-SC resulted in a five-factor solution including Generic Elements, Benefit Finding, Support and Coping, Hope for the Future and Meaning for Existence, accounting for 64.72% of the variance. The Cronbach’s α of the RS-SC was 0.825 and the test–retest reliability was 0.874. The RS-SC is a brief and specific self-report resilience instrument for Chinese patients with cancer and shows sound psychometric properties in this study. The RS-SC has potential applications in both clinical practice and research with strength-based resiliency interventions.

Cost-effective nonprecious metal nanostructures are considered as highly promising electrocatalysts towards oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Optimizing their morphologies is an efficient strategy to enhance the electroactivity and durability of various electrocatalysts for practical application. Herein, porous cobalt carbonate hydroxide nanospheres (CoCO3 PNSs) are successfully synthesized by using calcium carbonate (CaCO3) nanospheres as a reaction precursor and self-template via a facile precipitation transformation method. Mainly, the solubility constant [Ksp (CoCO3) = 1.4 × 10−13] of CoCO3 is much lower than that [Ksp (CaCO3) = 2.8 × 10−9] of CaCO3, resulting in the successful transformation of CaCO3 nanospheres to CoCO3 PNSs. Physical characterizations reveal that CoCO3 PNSs consist of many tiny subnanorods (length of 50 nm, diameter of 5 nm), which have a high surface area and abundant channels between subnanorods. Compared to irregular cobalt carbonate hydroxide nanoparticles, CoCO3 PNSs reveal enhanced OER performance in KOH solution, including a low overpotential of 310 mV and a small Tafel slope of 56 mV dec−1.