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Recent improvements in consumers' awareness of product traceability have revealed the disadvantages of traditional supply chain traceability systems. Traditional traceability systems are centralized, and the data that they use are vulnerable to tampering, resulting in a low level of consumer trust. Blockchain technology, as a distributed ledger, can solve these problems. In this study, we examine the blockchain technology introduction decisions of a supply chain involving two competing manufacturers and a single retailer, and their effects on supply chain performance. We find that manufacturers should adopt blockchain technology only when consumer sensitivity to blockchain technology exceeds a certain level and manufacturers who can introduce blockchain technology first are more likely to reap big gains in profits. Regarding the unit verification fee that the retailer pays to the manufacturer when introducing blockchain technology, the manufacturer subsidizes this fee to the retailer in the form of lower wholesale prices. In other words, there is no additional wholesale cost to the retailer for blockchain technology-based products. The results of this study provide guidance for supply chain members' market practices.

The establishment of a fluorescence sensing system for sensitive and selective visual detection of trace antibiotics is of great significance to food safety and human health risk assessment. A simple and rapid one-pot strategy was developed successfully to synthesize a down/up-conversion dual-excitation multi-emission fluorescence imprinted sensor for dual-channel thiamphenicol (TAP) detection. In this strategy, the metal-organic frameworks were in situ incorporated into the fluorescence imprinted sensor, guiding the coordination induced emission of abiotic carbon dots and signal-amplification effect of fluorescence sensing. Under dual-excitation (370 nm and 780 nm), the fluorescence imprinted sensor exhibited a dual-channel fluorescence response toward TAP with two-part linear ranges of 5.0 nM-6.0 μM and 6.0 μM-26.0 μM. Significantly, the fluorescence color ranged from blue to purple to red can be observed with the naked eye. The results of the dual-channel TAP determination in actual samples by the fluorescence imprinted sensor indicated that the fluorescence imprinted sensor provided a sensitive, selective, and multiplexed visual detection of TAP in complex sample.

Backgroud: The clinical efficacy and safety of cervical pessary versus cervical cerclage in preventing spontaneous preterm birth remain uncertain. Objectives: To systematically review the clinical efficacy of cervical pessary versus transvaginal cervical cerclage in preventing spontaneous preterm birth caused by cervical shortening. Search Strategy: The Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMbase, WanFang Data, CNKI, VIP Data and CBM Data were electronically searched. Selection Criteria: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomized controlled trials (non-RCTs, including cohort studies) comparing cervical pessary and transvaginal cervical cerclage in preventing spontaneous preterm birth from the inception of the database to August 2020. Main Results: A total of 9 studies (2 RCTs and 7 non-RCTs) were included, involving 1174 patients with a short cervix in the second trimester (cervical length

The construction of circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) materials with high porosity and high rigidity is still challenging. Herein, we propose a chiral reticular chemistry strategy to prepare the homochiral porous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as CPL-active materials. Two pairs of enantiomeric MOFs are synthesized through the self-assembly of chiral D/L-cam (DL-camphorates) and achiral fluorescent ligand TPB (1,2,4,5-tetra(pyridin-4-yl)benzene). The

Glioma is the most common primary intracranial malignancy in the central nervous system. At present, the most important treatment option is surgical resection of the tumor combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The principle of operation is to remove the tumor to the maximal extent on the basis of preserving brain function. However, prominent invasive and infiltrative proliferation of glioma tumor cells into the surrounding normal tissues frequently reduces the efficacy of treatment. This in turn worsens the prognosis, because the tumor cannot be completely removed, which can readily relapse. Chemotherapeutic agents when applied individually have demonstrated limited efficacy for the treatment of glioma. However, multiple different chemotherapeutic agents can be used in combination with other treatment modalities to improve the efficacy while circumventing systemic toxicity and drug resistance. Therefore, it is pivotal to unravel the inhibitory mechanism mediated by the different chemotherapeutic drugs on glioma cells in preclinical studies. The aim of the present review is to provide a summary for understanding the effects of different chemotherapeutic drugs in glioma, in addition to providing a reference for the preclinical research into novel chemotherapeutic agents for future clinical application.

Background: "Subtractive manufacturing" and "additive manufacturing" are inseparable mechanical processing manufacturing processes, and must be carried out at the same time is an established processing concept. In order to achieve continuous improvement, production machine tools are required to effectively identify the causes of possible defects. Therefore, the uncertainty of performance prediction is a very important subject. Methods: Combination of Digital Twin、RPE and VM is used to make the quantized value close to the true overall average value, which can be used with other algorithm theorems. Results: Final Total σ (sigma) represents the σ control value after comparing the DT value of these types of "reduced additive manufacturing" with the experimental value of ET. It shows result of overall additive manufacturing is 53 σ, and Table 5 shows that of overall subtractive manufacturing is 64 σ. It can be evaluate the performance of the concept of adding or subtracting material manufacturing and processing to promote the subsequent development of artificial intelligence (AI).Conclusions: The combined RPE method is not limited to cutting test parts of any geometry, and can be designed that the cutting test parts also collect sufficient statistical data. The detailed information about machine tool analysis considers the advantages and disadvantages of each machine tool. Designers must continue to improve the performance of adding and subtracting materials, and objectively give evaluation qualified performance indicators, in order to continuously correct the improvement and perform performance evaluation.

Background Excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the presence of a defective antioxidant system can induce cellular damage and disrupt normal physiological functions. Several studies have revealed the unfavorable role of ROS in promoting the growth, proliferation, migration, and survival of leukemia cells. In this review study, we summarize the mechanisms of ROS production and its role in leukemogenesis, counteractive effects of antioxidants, and implicate the current ROS-dependent anticancer therapies in acute myeloid leukemia. Body The dysregulation of the redox system is known to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of leukemia. Leukemia cells generate high levels of ROS, which further increases the levels through extra pathways, including mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic mutation, leukemic oncogene activation, increased nicotinamide adenine phosphate hydrogen (NADPH), and cytochrome P450 activities. Aforementioned pathways once activated have shown to promote genomic instability, induce drug resistance to leukemia medical therapy, disease relapse and reduce survival period. The current standard of treatment with chemotherapy employs the pro-oxidant approach to induce apoptosis and promote tumor regression. However, this approach retains several deleterious effects on the subject resulting in degradation of the quality of life. Nevertheless, the addition of an antioxidant as an adjuvant drug to chemotherapy alleviates treatment-related toxicity, increases chemotherapeutic efficacy, and improves survival rates of a patient. Conclusion Acute myeloid leukemia remains a daunting challenge to clinicians. The desire to achieve the maximum benefit of chemotherapy but also improve patient outcomes is investigated. ROS generated through several pathways promotes leukemogenesis, drug resistance, and disease relapse. Chemotherapy, the mainstay of treatment, further upregulates ROS levels. Therefore, the addition of an antioxidant to leukemia medical therapy alleviates toxicity and improves patient outcomes.

Purpose: Coauthorship is a means for assessing each contributor’s effort on a joint publication. This study aims to identify methods to determine publication coauthorship for crediting effort and order. Method: The research team searched for a framework to affirm the decision-making process when preparing for a coauthored publication by analyzing existing literature and published guidelines in authorship determination. Results: Four coauthorship principles—fairness, accountability, transparency, and effort (FATE)—were described with guidelines. The FATE framework helped the team develop a checklist for scholars to document their research productivity in collaborative projects. Examples of questions were derived from the framework to stimulate educational discussions and collaborative research ideas. Discussion: The coauthorship checklist could provide support for mentors to evaluate their protégés’ performance. Further research is needed to justify its application for initiating conversations about coauthorship. Operational guidelines should also be developed to prevent biases in reporting effort contributions.

Wind tunnel test results of the aerodynamic coefficients of sector-shape iced eight bundle conductors varying with wind attack angles are presented. Then, by means of the user-defined cable elements, the aerodynamic loads are applied on the cable elements of each sub-conductor through the finite element method (FEM). In addition, the galloping responses of sector-shape iced eight bundle conductors are discussed. Finally, galloping responses, including dynamic responses (natural modes and frequencies), galloping orbits, and amplitudes of typical sector-shape iced eight bundle conductor transmission lines in the cases of different span lengths, wind velocities, and angles of wind attack are studied, respectively. These results provide useful references for a theoretical basis for the study of galloping and the technique of anti-galloping in cold regions.

AIM: To investigate the efficacy and safety of combined phacoemulsification and goniosynechialysis with or without endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation (PGE group and PG group) for the treatment of patients with coexisting primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) and cataracts. METHODS: The clinical data of patients with PACG and cataract were retrospectively reviewed. There was a total of 88 eyes in the study and were divided into two groups, 42 eyes in PGE group and 46 eyes in PG group. Surgery success cumulative survival, preoperative and postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP), number of IOP-lowering medications, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in the two groups were observed for more than 12mo and compared within each group and between two groups. RESULTS: The mean IOP in PGE group declined from 24.9 mm Hg preoperatively to 14.1 mm Hg at the first month after operation (P

We evaluate the impact of bundling on firms’ product and pricing strategies by developing and solving a multi-stage game theoretic model to represent strategic interactions between two competing firms. Each firm is able to produce two homogeneous products and can opt to bundle them together, which may have the dual benefits of providing added value to consumers and reducing marginal cost for firms. One firm (the leader) determines its product offering before the other (the follower), and both then simultaneously set prices. We demonstrate the existence and uniqueness of a Nash equilibrium and show that the option to bundle can benefit all competitors simultaneously. When mixed bundling is not an option, we characterize and quantify the leader’s advantage in terms of profitability. However, when mixed bundling is an option, the follower may reverse its profit disadvantage by using it as a potential threat. Furthermore, our numerical results show that (i) bundling enhances the balance between firms’ total profit and consumer surplus; (ii) for the firm that bundles, value addition and cost saving brought by bundling act as strategic complements in that their combined benefit is larger than the sum of individual benefits; and (iii) value addition and cost saving improve the market demand, firms’ total profit as well as consumer surplus.

Improving devices based on solution-processed halide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) demands a deeper understanding of charge transport in this emerging new class of ionic semiconductor nanomaterials...

Registration is a technical support for the integration of nanomaterial imaging-aided diagnosis and treatment. In this paper, a coarse-to-fine three-dimensional (3D) multi-phase abdominal CT images registration method is proposed. Firstly, a linear model is used to coarsely register the paired multiphase images. Secondly, an intensity-based registration framework is proposed, which contains the data and spatial regularization terms and performs fine registration on the paired images obtained in the coarse registration step. The results illustrate that the proposed method is superior to some existing methods with the average MSE, PSNR, and SSIM values of 0.0082, 21.2695, and 0.8956, respectively. Therefore, the proposed method provides an efficient and robust framework for 3D multi-phase abdominal CT images registration.

In this work, SnWO4/ZnFe-layered double hydroxide (LDH) composites were prepared by a simple hydrothermal method. The as-prepared products were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, EDX, FT-IR, XPS, UV–Vis DRS, and N2 adsorption–desorption techniques, which confirmed the successful synthesis and the excellent optical properties of the composites. In addition, the photocatalytic properties of the SnWO4/ZnFe-LDH composites are tightly related to the mass ratio of SnWO4 and LDH. When loaded with 5% ZnFe-LDH, the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of SnWO4/ZnFe-LDH composites for methyl orange (MO) reached 95.14% within 40 min under visible light irradiation. The enhanced photocatalytic activity of SnWO4/ZnFe-LDH composites could be attributed to the concerted photocatalysts effect between two components. Based on various characterization and experimental results, a possible photocatalytic mechanism was proposed. Furthermore, the resultant catalysts possess remarkable reusability and stability in five successive cycles. The SnWO4/ZnFe-LDH composites are expected as a promising catalyst for practical water purification and provide new ideas in the field of photocatalysis.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell immunotherapy is rapidly emerging as a promising novel treatment for malignancies. To broaden the success of CAR T-cell treatment for chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML), we attempted to construct a CD26 CAR T-cell product to target tyrosine kinase inhibitor-insensitive leukaemia stem cells (LSCs), which have been a challenge to cure for several decades and can be discriminated from healthy stem cells by the robust biomarker CD26. Of additional interest is that CD26 has also been reported to be a multi-purpose therapeutic target for other malignancies. Here, we constructed CD26 CAR T cells utilizing lentiviral transduction methods and verified them by flow cytometry analysis and RNA-seq. We found that the initial expansion of CD26 CAR-transduced T cells was delayed due to transient fratricide, but subsequent expansion was accelerated. CD26 CAR T cells exhibited cytotoxicity against the CD26+ T-cell lymphoma cell line Karpas 299, CD26-overexpressing K562 cells and primary CML LSCs, activated multiple effector functions in co-culture assays, and limited tumour progression in a mouse model; but there was some off-tumour cytotoxicity towards activated lymphocytes. In conclusion, these results establish the feasibility of using CD26 as an antigen for CAR T cells targeting CD26+ tumour cells.

The goal of China’s new guidelines for physical education within universities is to promote greater levels of active engagement and an emphasis on the development and cultivation of students’ indiv...

Ruxolitinib add-on in corticosteroid-refractory graft-vs-host disease after allogeneic stem cell transplantation: Results from a retrospective study on 38 Chinese patients

Facing the increasing organic wastewater pollutants in the world, it is curious to discover novel materials for efficient wastewater separation and organic pollutants degradation. Hence, in order t...

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) that target BCR-ABL are the standard first-line therapy for patients with chronic-phase CML. However, TKIs cannot eliminate quiescent leukemia stem cells (LSCs) which persist in all patients on long-term therapy and provides a reservoir for disease progression and recurrence. Many researches have confirmed that TKI-resistant LSCs compartment can be captured within CD26 + fraction. In order to analyze distinctive biological characteristics of TKI-resistant LSCs, we isolated the CD34 + CD38−CD26+, CD34 + CD38−CD26−and CD34 + CD38 + cells from 8 CML patients utilizing magnetic and flow sorting, and analyzed the global proteomic expression through high-resolution LC-MS/MS analysis. In the work, we discovered that a list of dysregulated proteins involved in energy metabolism and carcinogenesis, including PPARD, IL1-RAP, HNF, S15A2, PCLO, VA0D1, CKLF5, were extremely upregulated in the CD26 + LSCs while some majoring in DNA mismatch repair or related to cell senescence, such as MLH3, NOLC1, were downregulated. Additionally, we verified the upregulation of PPARD in both CML patients-derived CD26 + LSCs and donor-derived BCR-ABL1 overexpressed HSCs. These results open in turn new therapeutic avenues for targeting TKI-insensitive LSCs.

The depth-integrated model has been applied to the simulation of various kinds of earth surface flows. However, there are few studies that focus on the difference between the associated dynamic processes and the computational results. The recent Daanshan Village rockslide, recorded by 3 real-time videos from different view angles as well as pre-slide images and detailed field investigations, offers an opportunity to provide some new insights into this issue. In this paper, the failure mechanism and dynamic processes behind the Daanshan rockslide were analyzed in detail and simulation results obtained from depth-integrated modeling in both the vertical and rotated coordinate systems were compared with the videos and field investigations. The field investigations reveal that the rockslide was essentially controlled by the sedimentary unconformity interface and the interbedded black mudstone layers, and triggered by intense rainfall. The comparisons indicate that the simulated trimlines generally matched the real trimlines at each second, but at the initial stage, the simulated velocities are a little large. With respect to the final deposition area, the simulated runout distance and trimlines matched well with the field investigation results, and the accuracy estimated by the contact area percentage of the maximum impact area reached 91.46%. The simulation results obtained from the vertical and rotated coordinate systems show significant differences. The simulation accuracy of the rotated coordinate system was 91.46%, while for the vertical coordinate system it was 84.69%, demonstrating that the rotated coordinate system should be used, or the vertical acceleration should be modified to obtain credible results. This comprehensive analysis verified that the depth-integrated model can access both rockslide processes and the final deposition area. It is pointed out that the rotated coordinate system can obtain better results than the vertical coordinate system in areas with steep slopes, whereas the differences can be neglected when considering gentle slopes.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to address challenging issues in protecting researchers in risky situations. Method: A case study addressed the importance of risk prevention and researcher safety. In six interviews, a social scientist shared feelings of vulnerability when she conducted ethnographic research with sex workers and gang members. Results: Qualitative results explain the concerns from the eyes of a vulnerable researcher in six factors: Support, Safety, System Connection, Situations, and Struggles. The vulnerable researcher phenomenon is defined as the emotional labor faced by the researcher in situations that are dangerous and risky. Implications: While taking care of the research subjects’ well-being, researchers must also be reminded that ethical behaviors in their field also include self-protection. Social scientists must advocate for a standard protocol in IRB applications to include protecting researcher safety and ensuring identity privacy.

Background Hospice nurses may devote more emotional labor during the empathy process with patients, and this empathy can be used as a form of psychological behavior of emotional labor in the hospice care model. The aim of this study was to analyze hospice nurses’ empathy characteristics in the context of emotional labor theory, and explore the impact of empathy on patient care. Methods We conducted semi-participant observations from three hospitals and multicenter in-depth interviews with n = 26 hospice nurses from eight cities. Interviews were transcribed, and directed content analysis was applied. Results Two categories with four sub-categories were extracted from the data analysis. Category 1 described the “empathic labor” process which covers cognitive empathy (including empathic imagination, empathic consideration, and empathic perception) and affective empathy (including natural empathy, surface empathy, and deep empathy). The second category concerns the outcome of nurses’ “empathic labor” which incorporates both positive and negative effects. Conclusions The findings indicated that hospice nurses’ empathy process should be understood as emotional labor. Nursing managers should pay more attention to raising the ability of deep empathy with hospice nurses, and explore more sufficient active empowerment strategies to alleviate the negative impact of empathy on nurses and to strengthen nurses' deep empathy with terminal ill patients.

Acid mine drainage (AMD), a source of considerable environmental pollution worldwide, has prompted the development of many strategies to alleviate its effects. Unfortunately, the methods available for remedial treatment of AMD and the damage it cause are generally costly, labor-intensive, and time-consuming. Furthermore, such treatments may result in secondary pollution. Alternatively, treating the AMD problem at its source through pyrite surface passivation has become an important topic for research because it has the potential to reduce or prevent the generation of AMD and associated pollution. This review summarizes various pyrite anti-corrosion technologies, including the formation of various passivating coatings (inorganic, organic and organosilane) and carrier-microencapsulation. Several effective long-term passivators are identified, although many of them currently have important deficiencies that limit their practical application. Combining the mechanisms of existing passivation agents or new artificial materials, while considering environmental conditions, costs, and long-term passivation performance, is a feasible direction for future research.

Two Cd-based supramolecular coordination polymers, [Cd

In this paper, a ternary-emission fluorescence imprinted polymer was one-pot synthesized by sol-gel method after mixing luminescence metal organic framework, green CdTe and near infrared red CdTe for visual detection of chloramphenicol in food. The ternary-emission fluorescence imprinted sensor showed wider linear range within concentration of 10 pM-0.5 nM and 0.5 nM-4.5 nM, with rapid response time of 3 min and the lower detection limit of 3.8 pM toward chloramphenicol. Meanwhile, NH

Melanocortin-3 receptor (MC3R) not only regulates energy homeostasis in animals, but also is an important regulator of inflammation. As one of the most widely farmed freshwater fish, common carp has attracted great interest for its feeding and inflammation regulation. In this study, we cloned the coding sequence (CDS) of common carp Mc3r (ccMc3r), examined its tissue expression profile, and investigated the function of this receptor in mediating downstream signaling pathways. The results showed that the CDS of ccMc3r was 975 bp, encoding a putative protein of 324 amino acids. Homology, phylogeny, and chromosomal synteny analyses revealed that ccMc3r is evolutionarily close to the orthologs of cyprinids. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) indicated that ccMc3r was highly expressed in the brain and intestine. The luciferase reporter systems showed that four ligands, ACTH (1-24), α-MSH, β-MSH, and NDP-MSH, were able to activate the cAMP and MAPK/ERK signaling pathways downstream of ccMc3r with different potencies. For the cAMP signaling pathway, ACTH (1-24) had the highest activation potency; while for the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway, β-MSH had the greatest activation effect. In addition, we found that the four agonists were able to inhibit TNF-α-induced NF-κB signaling in approximately the same order of potency as cAMP signaling activation. This study may facilitate future studies on the role of Mc3r in common carp feed efficiency and immune regulation.

To analyze the effect of triple antibiotic paste on root canal microorganisms in periapical periodontitis of different stages.Eighty-nine children with periapical periodontitis of deciduous teeth in Department of Stomatology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from April 2017 to April 2020 were enrolled, and divided into two groups according to the clinical symptoms and root X-ray films, i.e., acute inflammation group and chronic inflammation group. Samples of infected root canals were collected for bacterial identification, isolation and purification. The detection of microorganisms in the infected root canal and the composition of anaerobic microorganisms were analyzed in both groups. Disk diffusion method was used to observe antimicrobial effects of triple antibiotic paste and calcium hydroxide against common anaerobic bacteria, and the sensitivity of different anaerobic bacteria to triple antibiotic paste. Statistical analysis was completed by SPSS 20.0 software package.The microorganisms in both groups were mainly anaerobic bacteria. The detection rates of aerobes and anaerobic bacteria in the infected root canals had no significant difference between the two groups (P0.05). The top five anaerobes detected in infected root canals were Peptostreptococcus, Bacteroidetes, Enterococcus faecalis, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum. The detection rates of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Bacteroidetes in infected root canal of acute inflammation group were significantly higher than those of chronic inflammation group, and the detection rate of Enterococcus faecalis was significantly lower than that of chronic inflammation group(P0.05). The bacteriostatic circle diameter of triple antibiotic paste against Peptostreptococcus, Bacteroidetes, Enterococcus faecalis, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum was significantly larger than that of calcium hydroxide(P0.05). The sensitivity of different anaerobic bacteria to triple antibiotic paste was highest in Enterococcus faecalis, followed by Peptostreptococcus, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Bacteroidetes(P0.05).Triple antibiotic paste has good antimicrobial effect on the common bacteria in the infected root canal of acute and chronic periapical periodontitis.

Whether the effect of switch probability on switch and mixing costs is explained by an activation or preparation account is unclear.To investigate the account of the effect of switch probability on switch and mixing costs.We used a cued task-switching paradigm with three switch probabilities (high, 75%; medium, 50%; and low, 25%) with 19 healthy young adults and recorded the cue- and target-locked event-related potentials (ERPs) and behavioral performance. The task included switch and stay trials under high, medium, and low switch conditions, as well as pure trials.There was no significant difference in reaction time (RT) in switch and mixing costs between the high and medium switch conditions. The RT in switch and mixing costs in the high and medium switch conditions was significantly less and more than in the low switch condition, respectively. The cue-locked ERPs revealed significant effects on mixing costs (stay - pure) that were cue early frontal positivity (260-300 ms) in the high and medium switch conditions, and on switch costs (switch - stay) that were cue early central positivity (240-260 ms) in the low switch condition. Moreover, the target-locked ERPs of the mixing costs revealed significant effects on mixing costs that were target P3b (440-540 ms) in all three switch conditions, and on switch costs that were target P3b in the medium and low switch conditions.The effect of switch probability on switch and mixing costs is explained by the activation account.