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201. Tezla, an Intermediate Representation for Static Analysis of Michelson Smart Contracts

Author

Reis, João Santos, Crocker, Paul, and de Sousa, Simão Melo

Subjects
Computer Science - Programming Languages
Abstract

This paper introduces Tezla, an intermediate representation of Michelson smart contracts that eases the design of static smart contract analysers. This intermediate representation uses a store and preserves the semantics, ow and resource usage of the original smart contract. This enables properties like gas consumption to be statically verified. We provide an automated decompiler of Michelson smart contracts to Tezla. In order to support our claim about the adequacy of Tezla, we develop a static analyser that takes advantage of the Tezla representation of Michelson smart contracts to prove simple but non-trivial properties.

Published
2020

202. Social dilemma in traffic with heterogeneous drivers

Author

Simão, Ricardo and Wardil, Lucas

Subjects
Physics - Physics and Society, Nonlinear Sciences - Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases
Abstract

There is a tragedy of the traffic analogous to the tragedy of the commons that can be caused by overtaking. We analyze the effect of overtaking in a minimal model of vehicular traffic, the model proposed by Nagel and Schreckenberg, with two types of drivers: drivers that overtake and drivers that do not. We show that, under certain circumstances, overtaking is good because it increases the road capacity and minimizes the mean time spent by the driver on the road. However, when these conditions are not met, overtaking is harmful to all. More specifically, we found that a social dilemma emerges in the vicinity of the transition to the congested traffic if the probability of random deceleration is low, which can also happen in more realistic single-lane models. The essential mechanism creating the social dilemma is the abrupt deceleration when the overtaking car returns to its lane. We analyze how the payoffs depend on the frequency of strategies in the population to conclude that the drivers that overtake are defectors and the ones that do not are cooperators, analogous to the strategies in tragedy of the commons class of games., Comment: 10 pages including the references, seven figures, a table which contains the algorithm in a short appendix. Submitted to Physical Review Research

Published
2020
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203. The General Solution for Affine Control Systems on Lie Groups

Author

de Oliveira, João Paulo Lima, Santana, Alexandre José, and Stelmastchuk, Simão Nicolau

Subjects
Mathematics - Optimization and Control
Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to present explicitly the solution curve for affine control systems on Lie groups under the assumption that automorphisms associated to the linear vector fields commutes. If we assume that the derivations associated to linear vector fields are inner, we obtain a simpler solution and we show some results of controllability. To end, we work with conjugation by homomorphism of Lie groups between affine systems.

Published
2020

204. X-ray induced Coulomb explosion imaging of transient excited-state structural rearrangements in CS2

Author

Unwin, James, Allum, Felix, Britton, Mathew, Gabalski, Ian, Bromberger, Hubertus, Brouard, Mark, Bucksbaum, Philip H., Driver, Taran, Ekanayake, Nagitha, Garg, Diksha, Gougoula, Eva, Heathcote, David, Howard, Andrew J., Hockett, Paul, Holland, David M. P., Kumar, Sonu, Lam, Chow-shing, Lee, Jason W. L., McManus, Joseph, Mikosch, Jochen, Milesevic, Dennis, Minns, Russell S., Papadopoulou, Christina C., Passow, Christopher, Razmus, Weronika O., Röder, Anja, Rouzée, Arnaud, Schuurman, Michael, Simao, Alcides, Stolow, Albert, Tul-Noor, Atia, Vallance, Claire, Walmsley, Tiffany, Rolles, Daniel, Erk, Benjamin, Burt, Michael, and Forbes, Ruaridh

Published
2023
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207. Active Inference of EFSMs Without Reset

Author

Foster, Michael, Groz, Roland, Oriat, Catherine, Simao, Adenilso, Vega, Germán, Walkinshaw, Neil, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Li, Yi, editor, and Tahar, Sofiène, editor

Published
2023
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208. Unveiling Knowledge Organization Systems’ Artifacts for Digital Agriculture with Lexical Network Analysis

Author

Soares, Filipi Miranda, Bergier, Ivan, Coradini, Maria Carolina, Ferreira, Ana Paula Lüdtke, Telles, Milena Ambrosio, dos Santos Maculan, Benildes Coura Moreira, de Cléofas Faggion Alencar, Maria, Simão, Victor Paulo Marques, de Almeida, Bibiana Teixeira, Drucker, Debora Pignatari, Machado Vieira, Marcia dos Santos, da Cruz, Sérgio Manuel Serra, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Sales, Tiago Prince, editor, Araújo, João, editor, Borbinha, José, editor, and Guizzardi, Giancarlo, editor

Published
2023
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209. Personalized Notifications for the TV Ecosystem: Field Trial of an iTV Solution

Author

Velhinho, Ana, Encarnação, João, Bentes, Simão, Camargo, Juliana, Faria, Gabriel, Varsori, Enrickson, Silva, Telmo, Santos, Rita, Filipe, Joaquim, Editorial Board Member, Ghosh, Ashish, Editorial Board Member, Prates, Raquel Oliveira, Editorial Board Member, Zhou, Lizhu, Editorial Board Member, Abásolo, María José, editor, de Castro Lozano, Carlos, editor, and Olmedo Cifuentes, Gonzalo F., editor

Published
2023
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213. PipeBlind: A Game Adaptation for Blind

Author

Gomes, Anabela, Simão, Nelson, Teixeira, Ana Rita, Filipe, Joaquim, Editorial Board Member, Ghosh, Ashish, Editorial Board Member, Prates, Raquel Oliveira, Editorial Board Member, Zhou, Lizhu, Editorial Board Member, Stephanidis, Constantine, editor, Antona, Margherita, editor, Ntoa, Stavroula, editor, and Salvendy, Gavriel, editor

Published
2023
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215. Development and Validation of a Mixed Reality Exergaming Platform for Fitness Training of Older Adults

Author

Bermúdez i Badia, Sergi, Avelino, João, Bernardino, Alexandre, Cameirão, Mónica S., Muñoz, John Edison, Cardoso, Heitor, Gonçalves, Afonso, Paulino, Teresa, Ribeiro, Ricardo, Simão, Hugo, Sousa, Honorato, Vanderdonckt, Jean, Editor-in-Chief, Liao, Q. Vera, Editor-in-Chief, Barbosa, Simone, Editorial Board Member, Bernhaupt, Regina, Editorial Board Member, Blagojevic, Rachel, Editorial Board Member, Bunt, Andrea, Editorial Board Member, Cao, Xiang, Editorial Board Member, Carroll, John M., Editorial Board Member, Cherubini, Mauro, Editorial Board Member, de Choudhury, Munmun, Editorial Board Member, Cockton, Gilbert, Editorial Board Member, Dragicevic, Pierre, Editorial Board Member, Duh, Henry Been-Lirn, Editorial Board Member, Feiner, Steven, Editorial Board Member, Fussell, Susan, Editorial Board Member, González-Calleros, Juan, Editorial Board Member, Jacob, Robert, Editorial Board Member, Jorge, Joaquim, Editorial Board Member, Kuflik, Tsvika, Editorial Board Member, Kumar, Ranjitha, Editorial Board Member, Lazar, Jonathan, Editorial Board Member, Lim, Youn-kyung, Editorial Board Member, Markopoulos, Panos, Editorial Board Member, Myers, Brad A., Editorial Board Member, Palanque, Philippe, Editorial Board Member, Schmidt, Albrecht, Editorial Board Member, Schnädelbach, Holger, Editorial Board Member, Seffah, Ahmed, Editorial Board Member, Vatavu, Radu-Daniel, Editorial Board Member, Vetere, Frank, Editorial Board Member, Zhao, Shengdong, Editorial Board Member, Simeone, Adalberto, editor, Weyers, Benjamin, editor, Bialkova, Svetlana, editor, and Lindeman, Robert W., editor

Published
2023
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216. Physicochemical and Environmental Features of Rice Husk Ash from Brazil to Use in Cement Materials

Author

Muller, A., Simão, L., Olivo, E. F., Azevedo, A. R. G., Marvila, M. T., Vieira, C. M. F., Raupp-Pereira, F., Zhang, Mingming, editor, Peng, Zhiwei, editor, Li, Bowen, editor, Monteiro, Sergio Neves, editor, Soman, Rajiv, editor, Hwang, Jiann-Yang, editor, Kalay, Yunus Eren, editor, Escobedo-Diaz, Juan P., editor, Carpenter, John S., editor, Brown, Andrew D., editor, and Ikhmayies, Shadia, editor

Published
2023
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218. Simulating Work Teams Using MBTI Agents

Author

Braz, Luiz Fernando, Bachert, Cristina Maria D. Antona, Sichman, Jaime Simão, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Lorig, Fabian, editor, and Norling, Emma, editor

Published
2023
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219. Wearable Lower Limb Neuroprosthesis: System Architecture and Control Tuning

Author

Carvalho, Simão P., Figueiredo, Joana, Santos, Cristina P., Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Gomide, Fernando, Advisory Editor, Kaynak, Okyay, Advisory Editor, Liu, Derong, Advisory Editor, Pedrycz, Witold, Advisory Editor, Polycarpou, Marios M., Advisory Editor, Rudas, Imre J., Advisory Editor, Wang, Jun, Advisory Editor, Cascalho, José M., editor, Tokhi, Mohammad Osman, editor, Silva, Manuel F., editor, Mendes, Armando, editor, Goher, Khaled, editor, and Funk, Matthias, editor

Published
2023
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223. Prevalence of chronic cough, its risk factors and population attributable risk in the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) study: a multinational cross-sectional study

Author

Hafizi, Hasan, Aliko, Anila, Bardhi, Donika, Tafa, Holta, Thanasi, Natasha, Mezini, Arian, Teferici, Alma, Todri, Dafina, Nikolla, Jolanda, Kazasi, Rezarta, Cherkaski, Hamid Hacene, Bengrait, Amira, Haddad, Tabarek, Zgaoula, Ibtissem, Ghit, Maamar, Roubhia, Abdelhamid, Boudra, Soumaya, Atoui, Feryal, Yakoubi, Randa, Benali, Rachid, Bencheikh, Abdelghani, Ait-Khaled, Nadia, Jenkins, Christine, Marks, Guy, Bird, Tessa, Espinel, Paola, Hardaker, Kate, Toelle, Brett, Studnicka, Michael, Dawes, Torkil, Lamprecht, Bernd, Schirhofer, Lea, Islam, Akramul, Ahmed, Syed Masud, Islam, Shayla, Islam, Qazi Shafayetul, Mesbah-Ul-Haque, Chowdhury, Tridib Roy, Chatterjee, Sukantha Kumar, Mia, Dulal, Chandra Das, Shyamal, Rahman, Mizanur, Islam, Nazrul, Uddin, Shahaz, Islam, Nurul, Khatun, Luiza, Parvin, Monira, Khan, Abdul Awal, Islam, Maidul, Lawin, Herve, Kpangon, Arsene, Kpossou, Karl, Agodokpessi, Gildas, Ayelo, Paul, Fayomi, Benjamin, Mbatchou, Bertrand, Ashu, Atongno Humphrey, Tan, Wan C., Wang, Wen, Zhong, NanShan, Liu, Shengming, Lu, Jiachun, Ran, Pixin, Wang, Dali, Zheng, Jin-ping, Zhou, Yumin, Jogi, Rain, Laja, Hendrik, Ulst, Katrin, Zobel, Vappu, Lill, Toomas-Julius, Adegnika, Ayola Akim, Welte, Tobias, Bodemann, Isabelle, Geldmacher, Henning, SchwedaLinow, Alexandra, Gislason, Thorarinn, Benedikdtsdottir, Bryndis, Jorundsdottir, Kristin, Lovisa Gudmundsdottir, Gudmundsdottir, Sigrun, Gudmundsson, Gunnar, Rao, Mahesh, Koul, Parvaiz A., Malik, Sajjad, Hakim, Nissar A., Khan, Umar Hafiz, Chowgule, Rohini, Shetye, Vasant, Raphael, Jonelle, Almeda, Rosel, Tawde, Mahesh, Tadvi, Rafiq, Katkar, Sunil, Kadam, Milind, Dhanawade, Rupesh, Ghurup, Umesh, Juvekar, Sanjay, Hirve, Siddhi, Sambhudas, Somnath, Chaidhary, Bharat, Tambe, Meera, Pingale, Savita, Umap, Arati, Umap, Archana, Shelar, Nitin, Devchakke, Sampada, Chaudhary, Sharda, Bondre, Suvarna, Walke, Savita, Gawhane, Ashleshsa, Sapkal, Anil, Argade, Rupali, Gaikwad, Vijay, Salvi, Sundeep, Brashier, Bill, Londhe, Jyoti, Madas, Sapna, Aquart-Stewart, Althea, Aikman, Akosua Francia, Sooronbaev, Talant M., Estebesova, Bermet M., Akmatalieva, Meerim, Usenbaeva, Saadat, Kydyrova, Jypara, Bostonova, Eliza, Sheraliev, Ulan, Marajapov, Nuridin, Toktogulova, Nurgul, Emilov, Berik, Azilova, Toktogul, Beishekeeva, Gulnara, Dononbaeva, Nasyikat, Tabyshova, Aijamal, Mortimer, Kevin, Nyapigoti, Wezzie, Mwangoka, Ernest, Kambwili, Mayamiko, Chipeta, Martha, Banda, Gloria, Mkandawire, Suzgo, Banda, Justice, Loh, Li-Cher, Rashid, Abdul, Sholehah, Siti, Benjelloun, Mohamed C., Nejjari, Chakib, Elbiaze, Mohamed, El Rhazi, Karima, Wouters, E.F.M., Wesseling, G.J., Obaseki, Daniel, Erhabor, Gregory, Awopeju, Olayemi, Adewole, Olufemi, Gulsvik, Amund, Endresen, Tina, Svendsen, Lene, Nafees, Asaad A., Irfan, Muhammad, Fatmi, Zafar, Zahidie, Aysha, Shaukat, Natasha, Iqbal, Meesha, Idolor, Luisito F., de Guia, Teresita S., Francisco, Norberto A., Roa, Camilo C., Ayuyao, Fernando G., Tady, Cecil Z., Tan, Daniel T., Banal-Yang, Sylvia, Balanag, Vincent M., Jr., Reyes, Maria Teresita N., Dantes, Renato B., Amarillo, Lourdes, Berratio, Lakan U., Fernandez, Lenora C., Garcia, Gerard S., Naval, Sullian S., Reyes, Thessa, Roa, Camilo C., Jr., Sanchez, Flordeliza, Simpao, Leander P., Nizankowska-Mogilnicka, Ewa, Frey, Jakub, Harat, Rafal, Mejza, Filip, Nastalek, Pawel, Pajak, Andrzej, Skucha, Wojciech, Szczeklik, Andrzej, Twardowska, Magda, Barbara, Cristina, Rodrigues, Fatima, Dias, Herminia, Cardoso, Joao, Almeida, João, Matos, Maria Joao, Simão, Paula, Santos, Moutinho, Ferreira, Reis, Al Ghobain, M., Alorainy, H., El-Hamad, E., Al Hajjaj, M., Hashi, A., Dela, R., Fanuncio, R., Doloriel, E., Marciano, I., Safia, L., Bateman, Eric, Jithoo, Anamika, Adams, Desiree, Barnes, Edward, Freeman, Jasper, Hayes, Anton, Hlengwa, Sipho, Johannisen, Christine, Koopman, Mariana, Louw, Innocentia, Ludick, Ina, Olckers, Alta, Ryck, Johanna, Storbeck, Janita, Gunasekera, Kirthi, Wickremasinghe, Rajitha, Elsony, Asma, Elsadig, Hana A., Osman, Nada Bakery, Noory, Bandar Salah, Mohamed, Monjda Awad, Akasha Ahmed Osman, Hasab Alrasoul, Moham ed Elhassan, Namarig, El Zain, Abdel Mu’is, Mohamaden, Marwa Mohamed, Khalifa, Suhaiba, Elhadi, Mahmoud, Hassan, Mohand, Abdelmonam, Dalia, Janson, Christer, Olafsdottir, Inga Sif, Nisser, Katarina, SpetzNystrom, Ulrike, Hagg, Gunilla, Lund, GunMarie, Seemungal, Terence, Lutchmansingh, Fallon, Conyette, Liane, Harrabi, Imed, Denguezli, Myriam, Tabka, Zouhair, Daldoul, Hager, Boukheroufa, Zaki, Chouikha, Firas, Khalifa, Wahbi Belhaj, Kocabas, Ali, Hancioglu, Attila, Hanta, Ismail, Kuleci, Sedat, Turkyilmaz, Ahmet Sinan, Umut, Sema, Unalan, Turgay, Burney, Peter G.J., Gnatiuc, Louisa, Azar, Hadia, Patel, Jaymini, Amor, Caron, Potts, James, Tumilty, Michael, McLean, Fiona, Dudhaiya, Risha, Buist, A. Sonia, McBurnie, Mary Ann, Vollmer, William M., Gillespie, Suzanne, Sullivan, Sean, Lee, Todd A., Weiss, Kevin B., Jensen, Robert L., Crapo, Robert, Enright, Paul, Mannino, David M., Cain, John, Copeland, Rebecca, Hazen, Dana, Methvin, Jennifer, Abozid, Hazim, Burney, Peter, Hartl, Sylvia, Breyer-Kohansal, Robab, Al Ghobain, Mohammed, Denguezli, Meriam, Loh, Li Cher, Paraguas, Stefanni Nonna, Franssen, Frits M.E., Mannino, David, Anand, Mahesh Padukudru, Buist, Sonia, El Sony, Asma, Breyer, Marie-Kathrin, Burghuber, Otto C., Wouters, Emiel F.M., and Amaral, Andre F.S.

Published
2024
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227. Oyster shell element composition as a proxy for environmental studies

Author

Cardoso da Silva, Paulo Sergio, Farias, Wellington de Moura, Gomez, Mauro Roger Batista Pousada, Torrecilha, Jefferson Koyaishe, Rocha, Flávio Roberto, Scapin, Marcos Antônio, Garcia, Rafael Henrique Lazzari, Simone, Luis Ricardo Lopes de, Amaral, Vanessa Simão de, Vincent, Mouchi, Laurent, Emmanuel, and Rudnicki-Velasquez, Paweł

Published
2024
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230. Anti-miR-873-5p improves alcohol-related liver disease by enhancing hepatic deacetylation via SIRT1

Author

Rodríguez-Agudo, Rubén, González-Recio, Irene, Serrano-Maciá, Marina, Bravo, Miren, Petrov, Petar, Blaya, Delia, Herranz, Jose María, Mercado-Gómez, María, Rejano-Gordillo, Claudia María, Lachiondo-Ortega, Sofía, Gil-Pitarch, Clàudia, Azkargorta, Mikel, Van Liempd, Sebastiaan Martijn, Martinez-Cruz, Luis Alfonso, Simão, A.L., Elortza, Félix, Martín, César, Nevzorova, Yulia A., Cubero, Francisco Javier, Delgado, Teresa C., Argemi, Josepmaria, Bataller, Ramón, Schoonjans, Kristina, Banales, Jesús M., Castro, Rui E., Sancho-Bru, Pau, Avila, Matías A., Julve, Josep, Jover, Ramiro, Mabe, Jon, Simon, Jorge, Goikoetxea-Usandizaga, Naroa, and Martínez-Chantar, María L.

Published
2024
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237. Role-Playing Games for Fostering Communication and Negotiation Skills

Author

Fioravanti, Maria Lydia, de Oliveira Sestito, Camila Dias, de Deus, William Simao, Scatalon, Lilian Passos, and Barbosa, Ellen Francine

Abstract

Contribution: In this article, an experience applying three role-playing games in the context of an Entrepreneurship final project is presented, discussing the challenges, and the lessons learned. Background: Soft skills have been expounded repeatedly as a crucial factor to thrive in the workplace, as opposed to mere knowledge of content only, since the increasingly importance of practitioners being able to adapt to new situations. Also, soft skills have the ability to categorize specific career attribute which an individual has, such as team spirit, written and oral communication, leadership, teamwork, and problem-solving skills. Literature provides evidence of areas in which graduates most frequently do not meet industry expectations, including technical and also soft skills. Intended Outcomes: Considering the aforementioned scenario, an active learning strategy was adopted aiming to foster soft skills, particularly, oral communication, and negotiation in an Entrepreneurship course. Application Design: The course final project comprised the development of fictional business plans, their corresponding minimum viable products, and also negotiation rounds with fictional potential investors. Among the active learning strategies, role-playing games were chosen as they have shown to be useful in similar contexts. Findings: This experience shows that active strategies, especially role-playing games, support the development of soft skills and engage students as active participants in their learning process.

Published
2022
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238. A Systematic Mapping of the Classification of Open Educational Resources for Computer Science Education in Digital Sources

Author

Simao de Deus, William and Barbosa, Ellen Francine

Abstract

Contribution: This study presents the results of a systematic mapping on the classification and organization of open educational resources (OERs) focused on Computer Science Education (CSEd) in digital sources. Background: The number of open resources (e.g., images, videos, and websites) available on the Internet for the teaching of Computer Science has increased in recent years. As a consequence, several authors have proposed different ways of classifying them, which include lists of disciplines, classification algorithms, and semantic enrichment. However, such studies are dispersed and fragmented in the literature, making the current state-of-the-art unclear. Research Questions: (1) What digital sources have been used to classify OERs for CSEd? (2) What CSEd domains have been explored for the classification of OERs? and (3) What approaches have been adopted for the classification of OERs for CSEd? Methodology: Three search strategies were performed: (1) automatic search in the five major digital libraries of CSEd; (2) manual search in the major CSEd conferences and journals; and (3) snowballing on the references and citations. As a result, 22 relevant studies were selected. Findings: The main findings were systematization of the main OER sources for CSEd, identification of 64 CSEd domains covered by OERs organized in a taxonomy, the immaturity level of investigations and tools, and lack of mechanisms that organize OERs for CSEd.

Published
2022
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239. The WHO AWaRe (Access, Watch, Reserve) antibiotic book and prevention of antimicrobial resistance/Livre sur les antibiotiques AWaRe (Access, Watch, Reserve) de I'QMS et prevention de la resistance aux antimicrobiens/El libro de antibioticos AwaRe (Access, Watch, Reserve) de la OMS y la prevencion de la resistencia a los antimicrobianos

Author

Zanichelli, Veronica, Sharland, Michael, Cappello, Bernadette, Moja, Lorenzo, Getahun, Haileyesus, Pessoa-Silva, Carmem, Sati, Hatim, van Weezenbeek, Catharina, Balkhy, Hanan, Simao, Mariangela, Gandra, Sumanth, and Huttner, Benedikt

Subjects
World Health Organization, Prevention, Analysis, Usage, Health aspects, Pediatric pharmacology -- Analysis -- Health aspects -- Usage, National health insurance -- Usage, Microbial drug resistance -- Prevention, Infection -- Prevention, Methicillin -- Usage, Drug resistance in microorganisms -- Prevention
Abstract

Introduction Optimizing the use of antibiotics is a key objective of the WHO Global action plan on antimicrobial resistance. (1) However, the lack of comprehensive evidence-based guidance for common infections [...], Guidance on the appropriate use of antibiotics for common infections is lacking in many settings. The World Health Organization (WHO) has recently released The WHO AWaRe (Access, Watch, Reserve) antibiotic book which complements the WHO Model list of essential medicines and WHO Model list of essential medicines for children. The book gives specific guidance on the empiric use of antibiotics in the model lists with a strong emphasis on the AWaRe framework, which is centred around the risk of antimicrobial resistance development associated with the use of different antibiotics. Recommendations in the book cover 34 common infections in primary and hospital care both for children and adults. The book also includes a section on the use of the last-resort Reserve antibiotics, whose use should be restricted to very selected cases when an infection is confirmed or suspected to be caused by multidrug-resistant pathogens. The book highlights the use of first-line Access antibiotics or no antibiotic care if this is the safest approach for the patient. Here we present the background behind the development of the AWaRe book and the evidence behind its recommendations. We also outline how the book could be used in different settings to help reach the WHO target of increasing the proportion of global consumption of Access antibiotics to at least 60% of total consumption. The guidance in the book will also more broadly contribute to improving universal health coverage. De nombreuses regions manquent d'encadrement relatif a l'usage d'antibiotiques pour des infections courantes. LOrganisation mondiale de la Sante (OMS) a recemment publie le Livre sur les antibiotiques AWaRe (Access, Watch, Reserve) de l'OMS, qui complete la Liste modele des medicaments essentiels ainsi que la Liste modele des medicaments essentiels destines a l'enfant, toutes deux etablies par l'OMS. Ce livre fournit des indications specifiques concernant l'usage empirique des antibiotiques dans les listes modeles en insistant sur le cadre AWaRe, qui se concentre sur le risque d'apparition d'une resistance aux antimicrobiens en lien avec le recours a differents antibiotiques. Les recommandations du livre portent sur 34 infections courantes dans les soins primaires et hospitaliers, tant chez les adultes que chez les enfants. Cet ouvrage inclut en outre une section dediee a l'utilisation en dernier recours des antibiotiques appartenant a la categorie Reserve, a employer uniquement dans des cas tres precis ou des pathogenes multiresistants constituent la cause suspectee ou averee de l'infection. Il privilegie l'emploi d'antibiotiques de premiere intention appartenant a la categorie Access, voire l'absence de recours aux antibiotiques s'il s'agit de l'approche la plus sure pour le patient. Dans le present document, nous definissons le contexte dans lequel le livre AWaRe a ete redige, ainsi que les preuves a l'origine des recommandations formulees. Nous exposons egalement dans les grandes lignes la maniere dont ce livre peut etre utilise a divers endroits pour contribuer a la realisation de l'objectif fixe par l'OMS: accroitre le pourcentage global de consommation des antibiotiques de la categorie Access afin qu'il represente au moins 60% de la consommation totale. Enfin, les conseils prodigues par l'ouvrage aideront plus generalement a ameliorer la couverture sanitaire universelle. Muchas poblaciones carecen de orientaciones sobre el uso adecuado de antibioticos para tratar las infecciones mas comunes. La Organizacion Mundial de la Salud (OMS) ha publicado recientemente El libro de antibioticos AWaRe (Access, Watch, Reserve) de la OMS, que complementa la Lista modelo de medicamentos esenciales de la OMS y la Lista modelo de medicamentos pediatricos esenciales de la OMS. El libro ofrece orientaciones especificas sobre el uso empirico de antibioticos en las listas modelo, destacando el marco AWaRe, que se centra en el riesgo de desarrollo de resistencia a los antimicrobianos asociada al uso de diferentes antibioticos. Las recomendaciones del libro abordan 34 infecciones comunes en atencion primaria y hospitalaria, tanto en ninos como en adultos. El libro tambien incluye una seccion sobre el uso de los antibioticos en la categoria Reserve (reserva) de ultimo recurso, cuyo uso se debe restringir a casos muy seleccionados cuando se confirma o se sospecha que una infeccion esta causada por patogenos multirresistentes. El libro destaca el uso de antibioticos en la categoria Access (acceso) de primera linea o la no administracion de antibioticos si este es el enfoque mas seguro para el paciente. En el presente documento, exponemos el contexto en el que se ha desarrollado el libro AWaRe y las evidencias en las que se basan sus recomendaciones. Tambien describimos como se podria utilizar el libro en diferentes contextos para ayudar a alcanzar el objetivo de la OMS de aumentar el porcentaje de consumo global de antibioticos en la categoria Access hasta al menos el 60% del consumo total. Por ultimo, las orientaciones incluidas en el libro contribuiran a mejorar la cobertura sanitaria universal de manera mas general.

Published
2023
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242. Recent applications and future prospects of magnetic biocatalysts

Author

Melo, Rafael Leandro Fernandes, Sales, Misael Bessa, de Castro Bizerra, Viviane, de Sousa Junior, Paulo Gonçalves, Cavalcante, Antônio Luthierre Gama, Freire, Tiago Melo, Neto, Francisco Simão, Bilal, Muhammad, Jesionowski, Teofil, Soares, João Maria, Fechine, Pierre Basílio Almeida, and dos Santos, José Cleiton Sousa

Published
2023
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248. Conclusion

Author

Freire, Maria Raquel, Lopes, Paula Duarte, Nascimento, Daniela, Simão, Licínia, Freire, Maria Raquel, editor, Lopes, Paula Duarte, editor, Nascimento, Daniela, editor, and Simão, Licínia, editor

Published
2022
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