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Development of efficient heterostructured photocatalysts that respond to visible light remains a considerable challenge. We herein show the synthesis of ZnIn2S4/carbon quantum dot hybrid photocatalysts with flowerlike microspheres via a facile solvothermal method. The ZnIn2S4/carbon quantum dot flowerlike microspheres display enhanced photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical activity compared with that of pure ZnIn2S4. With a content of only 0.5 wt % carbon quantum dots, 93% of Cr(VI) is reduced under visible-light irradiation at 40 min. As a co-catalyst, the carbon quantum dots improve the light absorption and lengthen the lifetime of charge carriers, consequently enhancing the photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical activity.

The segmental specific heat ratio of the couple hydrogen bond defines not only the phase of Vapor, Liquid, Ice I and XI phase with a quasisolid phase that shows the negative thermal extensibility but uniquely the slope of density of water ice in different phases. Ice floats because H-O contracts less than O:H expands in the QS phase at cooling., 6 pages, 4 figures

Atomic undercoordination fascinates defects, surfaces, and nanostructures in electronic binding energy, lattice oscillation frequency, elasticity and plasticity (IHPR), thermal stability, photon emisibility, reactivity, dielectrics, super-hydrophobicity, spin-resolved topological edge and monolayer high-TC superconductivity, etc., through local bond contraction, quantum entrapment and polarization., Comment: 33 pages 15 figure, Nanomaterials science 2020

Atomic undercoordination, charge injection, mechanical and thermal activation mediate the properties of a material intrinsically by bond relaxation from one equilibrium to another while the phonon spectrometrics probes the ever-unexpected information of the binding energy density, atomic cohesive energy, single bond force constant, crystal elastic modulus, Debye temperature and the abundance-length-stiffness transition of bonds under perturbation., Comment: 39 k Words, 41 figs, 371 refs

Although the phase of water has extensively investigated whether there exists a defect distorting only locally the structure still under debate. Here we report a localized 5775 defect phase presented in the double layer ice on the Au (111) surface, which is a metastable structure with 5- and 7-membered rings compared with a perfect hexagonal one. Without altering the total number of the hydrogen bonds of the ice, the defect only introduces 0.08 {\AA} molecular displacement and 3.27% interaction energy change outside the defected area. Such defect also exists without Au support but causes a larger lattice relaxation or smaller interaction energy change. The excessively high barrier as well as the low quantum tunneling and thermodynamic probabilities hinder the formation of the defect by post-grown isomerization from the perfect to the defected structure. This finding indicates that the defected ice is stable, and the defect can be formed during the ice growth stage., Comment: 12 pages, 2 figures