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Since both the index finger extensor brevis and the digitorum brevis are supplied by the deep branch of the flexor nerve, they can be homologous to the forearm extensor muscle from the viewpoint of genesis. Extensor digitorum brevis manus (EDBM) is an extra muscle and a rare variation on the dorsum of the hand inside the fourth extensor compartment. [Extracted from the article]

An experimental method for the formation characteristics of co-flowing focusing microbubbles based on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic chip is introduced. An experimental system was set up to investigate the effects of liquid flow rate, gas pressure and gas channel width on bubble detachment volume and formation time. Based on the assumption of ellipsoid theory, the theoretical model for volume prediction of co-flowing focusing microbubbles is established. The numerical solution of the model is obtained by the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method. The results show that the prediction results of theoretical model correlate well with the experimental data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the impact of degree of mixing of stabilisation materials and soil under physical mixing on the efficiency of stabilisation remediation. Experiments were designed in terms of the type of stabilisation material, dosage of agent and the number of physical mixing times. Monocalcium phosphate (abbr. MCP), which represents chemical precipitation, and Zeolite, which is physically adsorbed, were used to stabilise and remediate industrial Cd-contaminated soils, and A measurement method for the degree of mixing based on the bivariate coefficient of variation (BCV) was constructed to analyse the influence of mixing uniformity on stabilisation efficiency. The results indicated that (1) comparing the rate of change of BCV (coefficient b), zeolite (0.19–0.31) was larger than MCP (0.07–0.14). (2) At the same dosage, the amount of mixing required to achieve 100% mixing uniformity between MCP and contaminated soil was lower than that required with zeolite. (3) Incubation treatment could increase the stabilisation efficiency of MCP by over five times, but could not significantly improve the stabilisation efficiency of zeolite. After a comprehensive consideration of the restoration cost, the suitable number of times the two types of stabilisation materials should be mixed was determined to be limited to two times. This experiment is not enough for the study of the specific principle of action, the next step should be from the stabilisation materials and mechanisms, soil properties, and further discuss the effect of the mixing uniformity of materials and soil on the stabilisation of the restoration. [Display omitted] • Establishing a bivariate coefficient of variation-based method of mixing uniformity. • Higher mixing uniformity leads to higher chemical reaction efficiency. • Unit stabilisation efficiency is non-linearly related to mixing uniformity. • Balancing the cost and efficiency in stabilisation remediation engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Numerical simulations of microbubble formation in a co-flowing liquid in Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic chip by COMSOL Multiphysics are carried out based on the Level-Set Method. The growth process of bubbles in a co-flowing focusing environment with different liquid flow rates and gas pressures is successfully described by numerical simulation, and the simulation predictions are compared with the experimental data. By comparison, it is found that the simulation prediction value and experimental value have the same change rule for bubble detachment volume and formation time. The average deviation between the simulation value and experimental value less than 10%, it is proved that the simulation model can well predict the bubble formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The low carrier mobility of BiVO4 is a bottleneck that limits its charge transfer in bulk or on the surface. Herein, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets as an effective electron mediator were successfully loaded on BiVO4 and NiFe-layered double hydroxides (NiFe-LDHs) were decorated on BiVO4/rGO heterojunctions by two facile electrodeposition methods to construct a triadic photoanode of BiVO4/rGO/NiFe-LDH for improvement of photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting efficiency of BiVO4. This photoanode significantly extends the absorption region of visible light, increases the photocurrent density, exhibits an onset potential with a significant cathodic shift, and enhances photon-to-electron conversion efficiency (IPCE) compared with the pristine BiVO4 photoanode. The enhancement of PEC properties benefits from the formation of p–n heterojunctions between rGO and BiVO4 and the use of NiFe-LDH as a cocatalyst for accelerating the kinetics of oxygen evolution from water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • 2-methylimidazole is used as ligands to synthesize Metal-Organic Framework. • Co 3 O 4 /ZnO was prepared by pyrolyzation sacrificial template of bimetallic MOFs. • The response of composite is 5 times higher than that of Co 3 O 4 to 10 ppm HCHO. • The sensors based on Co 3 O 4 /ZnO has fast response and rapid recovery at 120 °C. • Enhanced performance is attributed to porous structure and formation of p-n junction. Abstract he Co 3 O 4 /ZnO composites with porous and high specific surface were prepared by calcination of Co and Zn-based bimetallic organic framework (MOFs). The influence of the calcination temperature on structure and morphology of composite has been discussed by means of the analysis of XRD, FESEM, HRTEM and XPS spectra. Gas-sensing experiment reveals that the response of composite (Co/ Zn =4:1 At.) is 5 times higher than that of pristine Co 3 O 4 to 10 ppm HCHO at 120 °C and exhibits a rapid response, good selectivity, and stability. Such excellent performance is attributed to the large specific surface area and porous structure resulting from pyrolyzing of MOFs framework, which is beneficial to gas adsorption, diffusion and surface reaction. This MOF-driven strategy is expected to be a promising method for preparation of other metal oxide composites and application in detecting toxic gas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphical abstract Highlights • Preparation of ordered mesoporous WO 3 nanocrystals using KIT-6 as a hard template. • Preparation of mWO 3 /ZnO composites with n–n isotype heterojunction for NO 2 sensor. • 5 wt% ZnO/WO 3 sensor exhibits high response, good selectivity and stability. Abstract Ordered mesoporous WO 3 nanocrystals have been successfully synthesized by a hydrothermal method using mesoporous silica of KIT-6 as a template and phosphotungstic acid as a precursor of WO 3. The structure, morphology, and specific surface of WO 3 nanocrystals were systematically characterized by XRD, SAXS, HR-TEM, and BET. To improve the sensing properties of WO 3 to NO 2, a series of different ZnO amounts were loaded on the mesoporous WO 3 to construct nanocomposites with n–n heterojunction for the fabrication of NO 2 sensors. The gas-sensing behaviors show that the sensor based on WO 3 /5 wt% ZnO composite to 1 ppm of NO 2 not only exhibits the high response, but also has good selectivity and stability at operating temperature of 150 °C, which can be contributed to the large specific surface and porous channels provided by mesoporous structures, and the formation of n–n heterojunctions at interface between both oxides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]