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The research aimed to identify the degree of job satisfaction for agricultural employees in Nineveh Governorate and identify the correlation between job satisfaction for agricultural employees in Nineveh Governorate and each of the independent variables: (education qualification, academic specialization, job title, job service period, Attitudes towards extension work). The research community included (407) agricultural employees distributed on the Directorate of Agriculture and its agricultural divisions by (204), (203) employees, respectively, and a simple proportional random sample was chosen by (66%) from the total community. For the purpose of data collection, a three-part questionnaire was used. The first part included the independent variables related to the agricultural employees. As for the second part, included a scale to measure job satisfaction for agricultural employees working in the Nineveh Agriculture Directorate and its agricultural divisions, and this scale consisted of (54) Statements .While the third part included the most important problems that lead to job dissatisfaction for agricultural employees working in the Nineveh Agriculture Directorate, which included a graded quadrilateral scale consisting of (15) items related to these problems. The results showed that the job satisfaction of agricultural employees in the field of extension work is an medium that tends to decrease in general. also that there is a significant correlation between respondents' satisfaction and each of the following variables (education qualification , academic specialization, job title, job service period, Attitudes towards extension work). The results also showed that the two problems (lack of specialists in extension work) and (lack of number of agricultural extension agents in agricultural divisions), came in first and second rank with a weighted average of (3,42), (3,31), respectively. While the problem (the lack of halls for holding seminars and instructional lectures in the directorate) ranked last, with a weighted average of (1,82)

objectives of this study were to: identify the knowledge of agricultural extension agents in climate changes phenomenon, Identify the relationship between the knowledge of agricultural extension agents and some factor, and Identify the implementation level of agricultural extension agents for extensional activities which related in climate changes phenomenon. Randomly sampling procedure was used in this study, The population consisted of 50% (106 Agricultural extension agents) of the total respondents (212 Agricultural extension agents) in Ninavah governorate. The data collected through questionnaire were analyzed through different statistical techniques. data set included 19 items and were measured for validity and quality by specialist at the Agricultural Extension Department, based on the evaluation process, three of the items were removed, 20 questionnaires were excluded after determining the data consistency (reliability coefficient was 0.82). In this research descriptive statistics such as percentages, mean values and frequency tables was applying to organize and analyze the data. The results show that Majority of them were had agricultural institute. Majority of the respondents were male. level knowledge of agricultural extension agents in climate changes phenomenon is medium with a tendency to low. result show that Educational level and Gender were the factors which significant effective on climate change knowledge of respondents. Also The results showed that the most extension activities carried out by the respondents are (The awareness of negative effects of the use excessive to irrigation water) and (The awareness of Planting drought-tolerant crops). according to previous results recommended It was The agricultural extension must prepare for the new challenges Resulting of climate change through training its staff and raising awareness programs, especially for categories which were their knowledge (middle and low) in field climate change to meet their knowledge needs revealed by the results of the study.

Multi-junction concentrator solar cells are a promising technology as they can fulfill the increasing energy demand with renewable sources. Focusing sunlight upon the aperture of multi-junction photovoltaic (PV) cells can generate much greater power densities than conventional PV cells. So, concentrated PV multi-junction solar cells offer a promising way towards achieving minimum cost per kilowatt-hour. However, these cells have many aspects that must be fixed to be feasible for large-scale energy generation. In this work, a model is developed to analyze the impact of various atmospheric factors on concentrator PV performance. A single-diode equivalent circuit model is developed to examine multi-junction cells performance in hot weather conditions, considering the impacts of both temperature and concentration ratio. The impacts of spectral variations of irradiance on annual performance of various high-concentrated photovoltaic (HCPV) panels are examined, adapting spectra simulations using the SMARTS model. Also, the diode shunt resistance neglected in the existing models is considered in the present model. The present results are efficiently validated against measurements from published data to within 2% accuracy. Present predictions show that the single-diode model considering the shunt resistance gives accurate and reliable results. Also, aerosol optical depth (AOD) and air mass are most important atmospheric parameters having a significant impact on HCPV cell performance. In addition, the electrical efficiency (η) is noticed to increase with concentration to a certain concentration degree after which it decreases. Finally, based on the model predictions, let us conclude that the present model could be adapted properly to examine HCPV cells' performance over a broad range of operating conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

إنّ الاتّجاه الوجدانيّ بمعناه العامّ يمثّل موقف الشعراء- الفنّي- من الحياة والطبيعة و المجتمع، و إنّ ما يميز الشّعر الوجدانيّ من غيره من الاتّجاهات الشعريّة الأخرى هو بروز ذات الشاعر وعواطفه، وانفعالاته، وإظهار تموّجات هذه الذات، وما ينتابها من مواقفَ خاصّةٍ من الحياة والطبيعة والدين المجتمع والكون والشعر والسلطة... ، فتخرج بقالب شعريّ مميّز، وبأساليبَ فنيةٍ مؤثّرة . وشعر المُجون في العصر العبّاسي الأوّل هو شعر التظرّف والخلاعة والتمرّد الذي يسعى الشاعر فيه، ومن خلاله إلى إثبات ذاته، والتعبير عن مشاعره و ميوله ورغباته وأفكاره، ومواقفه من الحياة والمجتمع والدين والكون، وهو شعر التمرّد الفكريّ والدينيّ والاجتماعيّ والفنّي، وهو الشعر الحامل لأبعاد الحضارة والثقافة والتاريخ في ذلك العصر، وظاهرة المجون قضيّة إشكاليّة عند الباحثين والدارسين للأدب العربي كونها تحمل في طيّاتها الثورة والتمرّد والرفض والاستخفاف والتظرّف وإثبات الذات، والخروج عن عقد الدين والسلطة والمجتمع، إلا أنّ فيها نفحاتٍ وجدانيّةً ثرّةً تميّزها عن معظم أشعار ذلك العصر الذي كان يمجّد الجماعة/القبيلة، ويقدّس القديم لقدمه ويعيش في جوٍّ مباين لعصرهم وسماته، ويتجلّى ذلك من خلال بروز ملامح شخصيّة الشاعر فيه عبر تعبيره الفنّي عن عواطفه وانفعالاته وسعيه للاستقلال الذاتي.

Abstract Background Identifying ineffective practices that have been used in oncology is important in reducing wasted resources and harm. We sought to examine the prevalence of practices that are being used but have been shown in RCTs to be ineffective (medical reversals) in published oncology studies. Methods We cross-sectionally analyzed studies published in three high-impact oncology medical journals (2009–2018). We abstracted data relating to the frequency and characterization of medical reversals. Results Of the 64 oncology reversals, medications (44%) represented the most common intervention type (39% were targeted). Fourteen (22%) were funded by pharmaceutical/industry only and 56% were funded by an organization other than pharmaceutical/industry. The median number of years that the practice had been in use prior to the reversal study was 9 years (range 1–50 years). Conclusion Here we show that oncology reversals most often involve the administration of medications, have been practiced for years, and are often identified through studies funded by non-industry organizations.

Background & Objective: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death globally. Assessing CVD knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) is necessary to spread awareness about CVD in Lebanon, their corresponding risk factors, and behaviors in which individuals can avoid or minimize the possibility of developing a CVD. Subjects & Methods: This was a case-control analytical study that targeted 921 CVD and non-CVD subjects. A questionnaire form was used to collect data related to patients’ demographics, socioeconomic status, habits, medical and family history, KAP towards CVD, and source of information. Data was analyzed using SPSS v.25. Results: Data from 921 participants were distributed over the CVD group (52.6% males aged 58.3 ± 13.7 years [n = 460]) and the non-CVD group (47.7% males aged 36.3 ± 15.4 years [n = 461]). CVD patients were significantly older than non-CVD subjects (p < 0.001). All three KAP scores of both groups were of poor to fair levels. Both CVD knowledge and attitude mean scores in CVD patients (26.6 ± 5.2 over 40 [66.50%] and 63.3 ± 10.2 over 85 [74.47%], respectively) were significantly higher than the ones of non-CVD subjects (23.5 ± 7.9 over 40 [58.75%] and 61.4 ± 12.4 over 85 [72.74%], respectively, p < 0.001). However, the CVD mean practice score was significantly lower in CVD patients (6.0 ± 1.7 over 9 [66.67%]) than the one of non-CVD subjects (6.3 ± 2.2 over 9 [70.00%] p < 0.001). Mostly, educational level (p < 0.001), governorate (p < 0.01), and smoking (p < 0.001) were predictors of KAP CVD in both groups. Conclusion: With an overall limited knowledge, attitude, and practice toward CVDs, the Lebanese population (with CVD or non-CVD) needs targeted national campaigns about CVD according to the identified predictors of CVD KAP to prevent and to alleviate the complications due to CVDs.

Abstract Person Recognition based on Gait Model (PRGM) and motion features is are indeed a challenging and novel task due to their usages and to the critical issues of human pose variation, human body occlusion, camera view variation, etc. In this project, a deep convolution neural network (CNN) was modified and adapted for person recognition with Image Augmentation (IA) technique depending on gait features. Adaptation aims to get best values for CNN parameters to get best CNN model. In Addition to the CNN parameters Adaptation, the design of CNN model itself was adapted to get best model structure; Adaptation in the design was affected the type, the number of layers in CNN and normalization between them. After choosing best parameters and best design, Image augmentation was used to increase the size of train dataset with many copies of the image to boost the number of different images that will be used to train Deep learning algorithms. The tests were achieved using known dataset (Market dataset). The dataset contains sequential pictures of people in different gait status. The image in CNN model as matrix is extracted to many images or matrices by the convolution, so dataset size may be bigger by hundred times to make the problem a big data issue. In this project, results show that adaptation has improved the accuracy of person recognition using gait model comparing to model without adaptation. In addition, dataset contains images of person carrying things. IA technique improved the model to be robust to some variations such as image dimensions (quality and resolution), rotations and carried things by persons. Results for 200 persons recognition, validation accuracy was about 82% without IA and 96.23 with IA. For 800 persons recognition, validation accuracy was 93.62% without IA.

Over the last 5 years, there have been more than 140 new drug approvals in the field of Oncology alone, all based on newly published clinical trials. These approvals have led to an ongoing change in clinical practice, offering new therapeutic options for patients. Therefore, it is important for healthcare providers to be able to appraise a clinical trial and determine its validity, understand its results, and be able to apply such results to their patients. In this guide, we provide a simplified approach tailored to practicing clinicians and trainees. The same concepts and principles apply to other medical specialties.

ABSTRACT Comparative genomic analysis of Vibrio cholerae El Tor associated with endemic cholera in Asia revealed two distinct lineages, one dominant in Bangladesh and the other in India. An in-depth whole-genome study of V. cholerae El Tor strains isolated during endemic cholera in Bangladesh (1991 to 2017) included reference genome sequence data obtained online. Core genome phylogeny established using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) showed V. cholerae El Tor strains comprised two lineages, BD-1 and BD-2, which, according to Bayesian phylodynamic analysis, originated from paraphyletic group BD-0 around 1981. BD-1 and BD-2 lineages overlapped temporally but were negatively associated as causative agents of cholera during 2004 to 2017. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) revealed 140 SNPs and 31 indels, resulting in gene alleles unique to BD-1 and BD-2. Regression analysis of root to tip distance and year of isolation indicated early BD-0 strains at the base, whereas BD-1 and BD-2 subsequently emerged and progressed by accumulating SNPs. Pangenome analysis provided evidence of gene acquisition by both BD-1 and BD-2, of which six crucial proteins of known function were predominant in BD-2. BD-1 and BD-2 diverged and have distinctively different genomic traits, namely, heterogeneity in VSP-2, VPI-1, mobile elements, toxin encoding elements, and total gene abundance. In addition, the observed phage-inducible chromosomal island-like element (PLE1), and SXT ICE elements (ICETET) in BD-2 presumably provided a fitness advantage for the lineage to outcompete BD-1 as the etiological agent of endemic cholera in Bangladesh, with implications for global cholera epidemiology. IMPORTANCE Cholera is a global disease with specific reference to the Bay of Bengal Ganges Delta where Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor, the causative agent of the disease showed two circulating lineages, one dominant in Bangladesh and the other in India. Results of an in-depth genomic study of V. cholerae associated with endemic cholera during the past 27 years (1991 to 2017) indicate emergence and succession of the two lineages, BD-1 and BD-2, arising from a common ancestral paraphyletic group, BD-0, comprising the early strains and short-term evolution of the bacterium in Bangladesh. Among the two V. cholerae lineages, BD-2 supersedes BD-1 and is predominant in the most recent endemic cholera in Bangladesh. The BD-2 lineage contained significantly more SNPs and indels, and showed richness in gene abundance, including antimicrobial resistance genes, gene cassettes, and PLE to fight against bacteriophage infection, acquired over time. These findings have important epidemic implications on a global scale.

Introduction: TMD sufferers are not able to move their jaw normally. Several theories tried to demonstrate the relation between pain and movement in patients with TMD. The Vicious Cycle Theory (VCT) suggested that a sore muscle caused by prolonged contraction would lead to more muscle activity which would lead to more pain and a continuation of the vicious cycle. The Pain Adaptation Model (PAM) suggested that a decreased activity of a sore muscle responsible for producing movement is more likely in order to reduce speed and the detrimental effect of movement and promote healing. The hypothesis: The Hybrid model, developed in 2006, suggested that both the VCT and the PAM are valid and applicable in orofacial pain patients, depends on the origin of the pain whether from the muscle or from the joint. Evaluation of the hypothesis: The data from a study on pain and movement showed that both increased and decreased activities of masticatory muscles are possible in the presence of pain as the system reacts differently if the pain originates from the muscle or from the joint. In case of muscle pain, the data showed decreased activity of agonistic muscles during movement and this is conformed to the PAM. When the pain is in the joint, both decreased and increased activities were observed throughout the movement. Neurophysiological mechanisms that govern the relationship between pain and movement, as well as clinical manifestation of the pain, are different if the pain arises from the muscle or from the joint. Finding new treatment approaches that deal with the muscle pain and joint pain as two different entities seems to be of utter importance in orofacial pain patients. The Hybrid model could play an important role in this direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Hemostatic complications are common in patients with ventricular assist devices. The pathophysiologic mechanisms that lead to dysregulated hemostasis involve complex interactions between device surface, sheer stress, and blood flow. These factors lead to various manifestations that require a thorough understanding of the interplay among platelets, coagulation factors, and red cells. In this article, we review the pathophysiology of hematologic complications (bleeding, acquired von Willebrand disease, heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia, hemolysis, stroke and pump thrombosis), the clinical manifestations, and the management of each. We summarize the evidence available for management of these entities and provide a pragmatic clinical review.