Search

Slip zone soil is usually composed of clay or silty clay; in some special geological environments, it contains gravels, which make the properties of the slip zone soil more complex. Unfortunately, in many indoor shear tests, gravels are removed to meet the demands of apparatus size, and the in situ mechanical property of the gravelly slip zone soil is rarely studied. In this study, the shear mechanical property of the gravelly slip zone soil of Huangtupo landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir area of China was investigated by the in situ shear test. The test results show that the shear deformation process of the gravelly slip zone soil includes an elastic deformation stage, elastic–plastic deformation stage, and plastic deformation stage. Four functions were introduced to express the shear constitutive model of the gravelly slip zone soil, and the asymmetric sigmoid function was demonstrated to be the optimum one to describe the relationship of the shear stress and shear displacement with a correlation coefficient of 0.986. The comparison between the in situ test and indoor direct shear test indicates that gravels increase the strength of the slip zone soil. Therefore, the shear strength parameters of the gravelly slip zone soil obtained by the in situ test are more preferable for evaluating the stability of the landslide and designing the anti-slide structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the complexity and inherent spatial variability of the strata and the limited availability of borehole information, the subsurface stratigraphic configuration at a site is hard to characterize accurately, which gives rise to stratigraphic uncertainty. This paper presents a random field-based approach for modelling the stratigraphic uncertainty, in which, the spatial correlation of the stratum existence between different subsurface elements is characterized by an autocorrelation function, and the probability of the existence of a particular stratum in a given non-borehole element is determined according to the derived spatial correlations. With the existence probabilities calculated, Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) is used for sampling the possible realizations of the stratigraphic configuration. The number of the MCS samples is determined based upon an information entropy analysis. To illustrate the effectiveness of this new approach, a set of hypothetical examples (with different stratigraphic settings) are studied; and, the advantages of this new approach over the existing stratigraphic uncertainty modelling approaches are depicted through a comparative analysis. Finally, this new approach is applied to Majiagou Landslide for a probabilistic stability analysis. The influences of the stratigraphic uncertainty on the stability of this landslide and the location of the slip surface are revealed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cyclic wetting and drying processes have been considered as important factors that accelerate the weathering process and have deteriorative effects on rock properties. In the present study, a fully nondestructive and noninvasive testing approach utilizing micro-CT and ultrasonic wave velocity tests was employed to investigate the microstructure of slate under wetting and drying cycles. We studied variations in the physical properties, including the dry weight and the velocities of P- and S-waves versus the number of wetting and drying cycles. The internal microstructural distributions were visualized and quantified by the 3D reconstruction and hybrid image segmentation of CT images. The degree of deterioration caused by wetting and drying cycles was reflected by exponential decreases of physical properties, including dry weight and velocities of the P- and S-waves. Parameters relating to the microfracture diameter, volume, etc. were quantified. The nondestructive and noninvasive testing approach utilizing micro-CT and ultrasonic wave velocity tests has potential for the detection and visualization of the internal microstructure of rock under wetting and drying cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The microscale and macroscale non-Darcian flow behaviors for rock fracture with fluid slippage were numerically investigated. • Two competing mechanisms impacting the apparent fracture permeability due to fluid slippage were revealed. • The slippery fluid flow behavior was tested to be sensitive to the slip length. Fluid flow in rock fractures is usually theoretically and numerically investigated on the premise of no-slip boundary condition (BC). However, fluid slippage at rock surface is naturally present in some circumstances that might lead to a violation of no-slip BC. How and to what extent slip BC affects non-Darcian fracture flow remains poorly constrained. This study systematically investigated the slippery flow behaviors in rock fractures under sequentially-increasing pressure gradients. Two competing mechanisms impacting the apparent permeability (k) due to fluid slippage were revealed: k was not only enhanced by fluid slippage at fracture walls but also was reduced by the accelerated eddy growth due to enhanced velocity field. The increment in k caused by slip velocity initially dominated over the decrement caused by eddy growth during this competing process, but this dominant situation could reverse given a sufficiently large pressure gradient with fully-developed eddies. Moreover, the slippery fluid flow behavior was tested to be very sensitive to the slip length based on our sensitivity analysis. Therefore, a reasonable estimation of the slip length would be crucial to accurately determine the effects of fluid slippage. This study deepens our understanding of fluid flow in rock fractures when slip BC is present, and might provide theoretical guidance for organic pollution remediation, oil recovery, and geological carbon sequestration in fractured reservoirs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The construction of the huge Three Gorges reservoir affected a large region, and the resultant geological and environmental impacts have caused global concern. The remarkable, 30-m annual fluctuation in the reservoir water level poses a significant threat to slope stability in this area. Four hundred sixty-two landslides were identified in the Zigui basin using historical records, satellite images, field investigations and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) observations, enabling the construction of a complete landslide database and distribution map. Three failure modes of landslides in the Zigui basin are used to illustrate the major factors that govern reservoir-induced landslides. The results show that (1) > 99% of identified landslides occur on slopes angle <47°, while >80% occur at elevations below 600 m; (2) Jurassic Niejiashan Formation is highly prone to landslides; (3) Low reservoir levels of 145 m to 155 m greatly reduce slope stability. Based on the information entropy method that use the conditional probability of different influencing factors and principal component analysis as inputs, the relative contributions of various influencing factors are quantified and a landslide susceptibility map was drawn. This susceptibility map helps define the countermeasures that will best reduce fatalities and property losses for areas having different landslide conditions and susceptibilities. • Database of 462 reservoir-induced landslides in Zigui basin, TGR was created. • Identifying failure modes and quantifying contributions of influential factors. • Conditional probability and information entropy model yields landslide susceptibility. • Susceptibility map, failure modes, and strategies suppressing the slope instability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]