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Bu çalışmada, Türkiye denizlerinde bulunan deniz levreği (Dicentrarchus labrax) populasyonlarının genetik ve morfolojik yapısının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Karadeniz, Marmara, Ege ve Kuzeydoğu Akdeniz'den eşit sayıda olmak üzere 120 birey toplanmıştır. Genetik analizde dört enzim sisteminde (G3PDH*. MDH*, ME*, PGl*) toplam dokuz losi (GSPDH-1 *, G3PDH-2*. MDH-1*. MDH-2*, MDH-3*, ME*, PGI-1*, PG1-2*, PGl-3*) incelenmiş ve bunlardan sadece 2 iosi (G3PDH-2*, PGl-3*) polimorfik olarak bulunmuştur. Dokuz losi kullanarak gerçekleştirilen Fisher'in testi sonucunda populasyonlar arasında genetik bir farklılaşma gözlenmemişti. Karadeniz ve Akdeniz örnekleri arasında Nei'nin genetik mesafe katsayısı 0.0001 olarak bulunmuştur. Genetik benzerlik katsayısı ise yine Karadeniz ve Akdeniz örnekleri arasında 0.9999 olarak bulunmuştur. Kümelerarası korelasyon analizinde populasyonlar arasında yüksek derecede morfolojik farklılıklar tespit edilmiştir. Kümelerarası korelasyon analizi sonucunda, kendi grubuna doğru olarak sınıflandırmada en yüksek, Ege Denizi (% 100) ve Karadeniz (% 97) populasyonları bulunmuştur. Birinci ve ikinci varyasyon değişkenleri grafiklendirildiğinde populasyonlar arasındaki varyasyonun % 99'u ifade edilmiş ve populasyonlar arasındaki farklılığın yüksek derecede olduğu gözlenmiştir., In this study genetic and morphologic structure of the sea-bass, Dicentrarchus labrax, in Turkish coastal waters were studied. Total 120 individuals were sampled in equal numbers from the Black, Marmara, Aegean and North-eastern Mediterranean Seas. In genetic analyses, four-enzyme systems (CSPDH*. ME*, MDH*. PGl*) were assayed, representing 9 loci (GSPDH-I*. G3PDH-Z*. MDH-1*. MDH-2*. MDH-3*, ME*, PGl-i*. PGI-2*. PGl-3*), 2 of which were polymorphic (G3PDH-2*. PGl-3*). Fisher's exact test revealed that there were no genetic differences between populations using 9 loci. Nei's genetic distance was 0.0001 between the Black Sea and Mediterranean samples. Genetic identity was also found to be 0.9999 between the Black and Mediterranean Sea samples. In canonical discriminant function analysis, a high degree of morphologic differentiation was detected between populations. Proportions of correctly classified Aegean Sea (100%) and Black Sea (97%) samples to their original group were highest. Plotting discriminant function 1 and discriminant function 2 separated all the populations from each other, showing a high degree of morphometric differentiation among populations.

WOS: 000363424700012, Indian Ocean twospot cardinalfish, Cheilodipterus novemstriatus (Ruppell, 1838), is recorded for the first time from the Turkish marine waters. Two specimens of C. novemstriatus were sampled with a purse seiner on 1 December 2014, and also a school of C. novemstriatus was photographed during scuba diving at a depth of 13 m on a rocky surface on 8 December 2014 in the Cevlik coast, Iskenderun Bay, north-eastern Mediterranean of Turkey. With the present report, the number of alien cardinal fish species reported in the Turkish coasts has reached five.

WOS: 000366880400011, In this study mitochondrial DNA D-loop gene sequencing was used to investigate genetic structure of 11 Atlantic bonito Sarda sarda populations from the Black Sea, Marmara, Aegean, Mediterranean Seas and Adriatic Sea. The total sequence length, variable sites and parsimony informative sites were 868 bp, 12 bp and 7 bp from 222 individuals, respectively. The nucleotide frequencies were 32.55% A, 31.32% T, 14.44% C, and 21.68% G. The total number of haplotypes was 19, and the highest number of different haplotypes was observed in the nortestem Mediterranean (the Iskenderun Bay) sample, and the lowest was observed in the Bulgarian sample. Low genetic diversity was observed within populations, and the mean genetic diversity within populations and the mean genetic divergence between populations were 0.0009 and 0.0013, respectively. In the statistical analysis, S. sarda was divided into three genetically different populations (P, Scientific & Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) [111T481], Thanks to the Scientific & Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK-111T481) for financial support, and D. Seyhan for help in the Lab.

Publisher: Pensoft Publishers; International audience; Truly sustainable development in a human-altered, fragmented marine environment subject to unprecedented climate change, demands informed planning strategies in order to be successful. Beyond a simple understanding of the distribution of marine species, data describing how variations in spatio-temporal dynamics impact ecosystem functioning and the evolution of species are required. Marine Functional Connectivity (MFC) characterizes the flows of matter, genes and energy produced by organism movements and migrations across the seascape. As such, MFC determines the ecological and evolutionary interdependency of populations, and ultimately the fate of species and ecosystems. Gathering effective MFC knowledge can therefore improve predictions of the impacts of environmental change and help to refine management and conservation strategies for the seas and oceans. Gathering these data are challenging however, as access to, and survey of marine ecosystems still presents significant challenge. Over 50 European institutions currently investigate aspects of MFC using complementary methods across multiple research fields, to understand the ecology and evolution of marine species. The aim of SEA-UNICORN, a COST Action within the European Union Horizon 2020 framework programme, is to bring together this research effort, unite the multiple approaches to MFC, and to integrate these under a common conceptual and analytical framework. The consortium brings together a diverse group of scientists to collate existing MFC data, to identify knowledge gaps, to enhance complementarity among disciplines, and to devise common approaches to MFC. SEA-UNICORN will promote co-working between connectivity practitioners and ecosystem modelers to facilitate the incorporation of MFC data into the predictive models used to identify marine conservation priorities. Ultimately, SEA-UNICORN will forge strong forward-working links between scientists, policy-makers and stakeholders to facilitate the integration of MFC knowledge into decision support tools for marine management and environmental policies.

The age composition and growth parameters of Red Sea goatfish, Parupeneus forsskali collected from Iskenderun Bay in the northeastern Mediterranean Sea were investigated. A total of 207 specimens ranging from 113 to 264 mm in total length were captured. The population was dominated by males (1.00 : 2.34). Age determination was conducted using the sagitta otoliths, ranged from 0 to 5 years. The age 3 was dominated in the population (71.73%). Value of b was higher than 3 for females (4.15), males (3.26) and combined sexes (3.53). The von Bertalanffy growth parameters were estimated: L-infinity = 358.5 mm, k = 0.122 year (-1), t(0) = -3.90 year for females; L-infinity = 383.5 mm, k = 0.131 year (-1), t(0)= -3.25 year for males and L-infinity = 479.2 mm, k = 0.085 year (-1), t(0)= -3.88 year for combined sexes. The growth performance index (o) was calculated for females, males and combined sexes and found to be 2.19, 2.28 and 2.29, respectively. The maturity ogive (TL50) of P. forsskali was calculated as 189 mm for both sexes.

A single specimen of the whiskered sole Monochirus hispidus (Rafinesque, 1814) was caught at a depth of 24 m from Tasucu, Mersin Bay (North-eastern Mediterranean, Turkey) in the winter season on February 2019. The present paper reports the first occurrence and is the confirmation of the whiskered sole M. hispidus from Mersin Bay, Turkey (North-eastern Mediterranean Sea). Since it was recorded only once in the last twenty-six years this species could be considered as exceptionally rare in the easternmost area of the Mediterranean Sea, Turkey.

The pufferfish are non-indigenous species in the Mediterranean Sea that do not have predators in the food chain. Therefore, the determination of heavy metal accumulation in pufferfish species can be considered as natural chelation for the aquatic environment. The present study, the potential usage of dentin tissue as an indicator of heavy metal bioaccumulation was examined in pufferfish species. The accumulation of Co, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mo, Ni, Se, Al, Cd, Pb, As, Cr in dentin, liver, kidney and muscle tissues of four pufferfish species (Lagocephalus sceleratus, Lagocephalus spadiceus, Lagocephalus suezensis, and Torquigener flavimaculosus) were captured in the Goksu River and Yesjlovacik coasts of Turkey by a commercial trawler. The different bioaccumulation levels were found in each species in terms of metals concentrations and tissues. The metal levels in dentine tissue were found to be similar to the brain. Aluminium had the highest accumulation among these tissues. The liver and gill tissues showed the same bioaccumulation properties with each other. Zn had the highest accumulation among these tissues (P < 0.05). The muscle was different from metabolically active tissues in terms of metal accumulation that arsenic had the highest bioaccumulation (P < 0.05). Fe, Se, As, Zn, Cu, Cr and Al were accumulated in all tissue types, however, only Se was not detected in dentin tissue. On the other hand, Co, Ni, Mo, Cd and Pb were not detected in any tissue types. The relative accumulation of metals in dentin tissue was determined as Al > Zn > Cr > Fe > As > Cu. The present study for the first time revealed that dentin tissue can be used as an indicator tissue for toxicology studies that metal accumulations in dentin were determined in parallel with other examined tissues of pufferfish species.

Bu tez çalışmasında, denizel bitkisel mataryal olarak Deniz Börülcesi (Salicornia europaea) türünden elde edilen çeşitli ekstraktların biyomedikal ve kozmetik alanlarındaki potansiyel kullanımı tespit edilmiş ve değerlendirilmiştir. Deniz Börülcesi Salicornia europaea türü Adana/Tuzla Lagünü'nden elde edilmiştir. Üç bölümden oluşan tez çalışması kapsamında birinci bölümde S. europaea türünün biyomedikal ve kozmetik alanlarında kullanımı için kimyasal yapı analizleri yapılmıştır. Bu amaçla; S. europaea türünün türünün Soxhlet ekstraksiyonu ile elde edilen sabit yağı GC/MS cihazı ile analizi yapılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Mineral değerleri ICP/AES analizi ile, vitamin E (α-tokoferol) oranı ise LC/MS-MS analizi ile tespit edilmiştir. Kristalografik dokusu ve bileşimi X Işını Kristalografisi (XRD) analizi ile gerçekleştirilen S. europaea'nın elementel kompozisyonu ve kimyasal yapısı SEM-EDS analizleri ile tespit edilmiştir. S. europaea'nın sabit yağ oranı %15,15 olarak bulunmuştur. ICP/AES cihazında elde edilen mineral oranları, sırasıyla Sodyum (47 ppm), Magnezyum (51,98 ppm), Potasyum (45,86 ppm) ve Kalsiyum (14,27 ppm) olarak tespit edilmiştir. LC/MS-MS analizi sonucu vitamin E (Alphatocopherol) oranını hekzan ile muamele edilen örnekte 2,1/100g, zeytinyağı ile muamele edilen örnekte ise 551,98 µg/ml olarak bulunmuştur. XRD analizi sonucunda ise %54,5 oranında Stronsiyum Lantan Demir (III) Kalay (IV) Oksit bulunmuştur. EDS kullanılarak elde edilen elementel kompoziyonunda ise Oksijen (O), Sodyum (Na), Magnezyum (Mg), Potasyum (K) ve Kalsiyum (Ca) elementleri en yüksek enerji seviyesinde tespit edilmiştir. İkinci bölümde S. europaea'nın antimikrobiyal aktivitesine bakılmış ve, S. europaea'dan aseton, metanol, etenol ve saf su kullanarak elde edilen ekstraktlar gram negatif bakteri suşlarından Escherichia coli ve Klebsiella pneumoniae, gram pozitif bakteri suşlarından ise Bacillus subtilis ve Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans ve C. parapsilosis maya suşlarına karşı antimikrobiyal aktivitesi araştırılmıştır. Araştırmada Spektrofotometrik Broth Mikrodilüsyon ve Disk difüzyon yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Spektrofotometrik Broth Mikrodilüsyon yöntemi için en güçlü antimikrobiyal aktivite, 8,35 µL MİK değeri ile metanol ekstaraktından E. coli bakterisine karşı belirlenmiştir. Disk difüzyon yöntemi için ise en yüksek, B. subtilis bakterisi üzerinde 3,8 mm'lik inhibisyon zon çapı ile metanol ekstaraktında belirlenmiştir. S. europaea'nın antimikrobiyel etkiye sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Üçüncü bölümde ise DNA barkodlama tekniği ile Salicornia europaea'nın diğer benzer türlerden ayırımı çalışması yapılmıştır. DNA dizi analizi sonucunda kullanılan rpln32-trnl gen bölgesinin uzunluğu 805 bç olarak bulunurken, 800 bç'lik kısmı evrimsel süreçten etkilenmemiş bölge 5 bç'lik kısmı değişen bölge, 2 bç'lik kısmı ise parsimoni anlamlı bölge görevi görmüştür. Nükleotid kompozisyonu A= %37,9, T= %11,9, C= %37,6 ve G= %12,6 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Türlerin dizin analizi ile 21 haplotip gözlenirken, türler arası haplotip çeşitliliği 0,9217 olarak bulunmuştur. Tüm türler arasındaki ortalama genetik çeşitlilik değeri 0,01721 olarak bulunmuştur. Türler arasındaki genetik ilişki Maksimum Parsimoni ve Komşu Kalıtımlı Soyağacı kullanırak test edilmiş ve her iki ağaç da benzer dallanmalar göstermiştir. Buna göre S. europaea'nın her iki agaçta da kendi içinde dallanma göstererek diğer türlerden ayrıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Tez Çalışmasından elde edilen sonuçlar, S. europaea'dan elde edilen yağ ve ekstraktlardaki biyoaktif maddeler kullanılarak denizel kaynaklı doğal bir ürün olarak kozmetik ve tıbbi alanlarda kullanabileceğini göstermiştir., In this thesis, the potential use of various extracts obtained from Glasswort (Salicornia europaea) as marine herbal material in biomedical and cosmetic applications have been determined and evaluated. Glasswort Salicornia europaea species were obtained from Adana / Tuzla Lagoon. Thesis study is consist of three parts. In the first part, chemical structure analyzes were made for the use of S. europaea in biomedical and cosmetic fields. For this purpose, oil yields analysis of S. europaea species were carried out by GC / MS analysis. Mineral values were determined by ICP/AES analysis, and vitamin E (α-tocopherol) ratio was determined by LC/MS-MS analysis. The crystallographic texture and composition of S. europaea, which was performed by X-Ray Crystallography (XRD) analysis, were determined by SEM-EDX analyzes. The fixed oil rate of S. europaea was found to be 15.15%. The mineral ratios obtained in the ICP / AES device were determined as Sodium (Na) 47 ppm, Magnesium (Mg) (51.98 ppm), Potassium (K) (45.86 ppm) and Calcium (14.27 ppm), respectively. LC / MS-MS analysis result of vitamin E (alphatocopherol) ratio in samples treated with hexanes 2.1 / 100g, while the samples treated with olive oil 551.98 mg / ml, respectively. As a result of XRD analysis, 54.5% Strontium Lanthanum Iron (III) Tin (IV) Oxide was found. In the elemental composition obtained by using EDX, Oxygen (O), Sodium (Na), Magnesium (Mg), Potassium (K) and Calcium (Ca) elements were detected at the highest energy level. In the second part, the antimicrobial activity of S. europaea was examined and extracts obtained from S. europaea using acetone, methanol, ethenol and purified water were found to be gram negative (Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae), gram positive (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) bacterial strains and yeast (Candida albicans and C. parapsilosis) strains were determined by Disk diffusion and Spectrophotometric Broth Microdilution methods. The strongest antimicrobial activity for the spectrophotometric Broth Microdilution method was determined against E. coli bacteria from methanol extract with a MIC value of 8.35 µL. For the disk diffusion method, methanol extract with 3.8 mm inhibition zone diameter was found to be most effective against B. subtilis bacteria. It has been determined that S. europaea has an antimicrobial effect. In the third part, the differentiation of Salicornia europaea from other similar species was done by DNA barcoding technique. As a result of DNA sequence analysis, the length of the rpln32-trnl gene region was found to be 805 bp; while, the 800 bp part was not affected by the evolutionary process, the 5 bp part served as the changed region, and the 2 bp part served as the parsimony significant region. The nucleotide composition was determined as A = 37.9%, T = 11.9%, C = 37.6% and G = 12.6%. While 21 haplotypes were observed by sequence analysis of the species, the haplotype diversity between species was found to be 0.9217. The average value of genetic diversity among all species was found to be 0.01721. The genetic relationship between the species was tested using Maximum Parsimony and Neighbor-Joining, and both trees showed similar branching. Accordingly, it has been determined that S. europaea differs from other species by showing branching within itself in both trees. The results obtained from the thesis study showed that it can be used in pharmaceuticals and cosmeceutical applications as a marine-derived natural product by using extract and oil of S. europaea.

Son yıllarda Akdeniz’in denizel biyoçeşitliliği hızlı bir değişim göstermektedir. Özellikle bu değişimdenTürkiye’nin güneyinde bulunan Akdeniz kıyıları büyük ölüde etkilenmektedir. Akdeniz'in biyoçeşitlilikteki hızlıdeğişim, Hint-Pasifik ve Atlantik kökenli yabancı türlerin girişi ile artış göstermektedir. 2017 yılı itibariyleTürkiye’nin güneyindeki Akdeniz kıyılarında bulunan yabancı türlerin sayısı Hint Pasifik kökenli toplam 44familyaya dâhil 72 tür ve Atlantik kökenli 8 familyaya ait 8 tür olmak üzere toplam 80’e ulamıştır. Bu 80yabancı balık türü toplamda 47 familya ile temsil edilmektedir. Bu yabancı balık türleri Türkiye’nin güneyindebulunan kuzeydoğu Akdeniz kıyılarındaki İskenderun ve Mersin Körfezleri’nde populasyonlar oluşturmaktadır.İskenderun ve Mersin Körfezleri’nde 42 familyaya ait 69 tür ve Antalya Körfezi’nde 34 familyaya ait 52 türbulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’nin güney sahillerini çevreleyen kuzeydoğu Akdeniz kıyılarındakiİskenderun, Mersin ve Antalya Körfezleri’ne özel vurgu yapılarak, Körfzeler de dağılım gösteren yabancı balıkfaunasının mevcut dağılımları yeniden gözden geçirilmiş ve güncel durumları belirlenmiştir. Burada verilenbilgiler, Akdeniz'deki yabancı balıkların izleme çalışmaları için değerli bir katkı sağlamaktadır., In recent years, marine biodiversity of the Mediterranean has gone through a rapid change. For example,Mediterranean coasts of southern Turkey are affected a great deal by this change. Rapid change in thebiodiversity of the Mediterranean has been enhanced with the entrance of alien species from two sources; IndoPacific and Atlantic origin. By 2017, the number of Alien species established populations in the Mediterraneancoast of southern Turkey has reached to 80 of which 72 belonging to 44 families is originally from Indo-Pacificand 8 belonging to 8 families is originally from Atlantic. These 80 species represent 47 families in total. These alien fish species established populations in İskenderun Bay, Mersin Bay and Antalya Bay in the northeasternMediterranean corresponding to southern coasts of Turkey. Iskenderun Bay and Mersin Bay shelters 69 alienspecies belonging to 42 families, and 52 species belonging to 34 families inhabit in Antalya Bay. This studyrevised and determined the current status of alien fish fauna occupying northeastern Mediterranean, surroundingsouthern coast of Turkey with a special emphasis on Iskenderun, Mersin and Antalya Bays. The informationprovided here is in valuable contribution for the monitoring studies of the alien fish in the Mediterranean.

Tez çalışmasında, vatoz epidermal mukusundan elde edilen çeşitli ekstraktların, biyomedikal alanlarda potansiyel kullanımı, bilimsel prensiplere bağlı olarak tespit edilmiş ve değerlendirilmiştir. İskenderun Körfezi'nde hem trol hem de uzatma ağlarıyla yapılan avcılıklarda elde edilen ve ilk yakalandığında oldukça yoğun bir şekilde mukus salgılayan dört vatoz türü Dasyatis marmorata, D. pastinaca, Gymnura altavela ve Raja miraletus tercih edilmiştir. Dört bölümden oluşan tez çalışmasının birinci bölümünde, D. marmorata, D. pastinaca, G. altavela ve R. miraletus türlerine ait epidermal mukus örneklerinin Bradford analizi ile toplam protein miktarı, GC/MS analizi ile uçucu bileşikleri ve HPLC analizi ile R. miraletus mukusundaki vitamin E (α-tokoferol) oranı tespit edilmiştir. D. marmorata, D. pastinaca, G. altavela ve R. miraletus epidermal mukuslarındaki toplam protein miktarı sırasıyla 4,61, 4,87, 4,89 ve 3,94 mg/ml olarak bulunmuştur. GC/MS analizi sonucunda, D. marmorata mukusunda bulunan majör bileşikler; 2-İzopropil-5-metil-1-heptanol (%10,04), 2-tert-Butil-4-izopropil-5-metilfenol (%7,95), Dokosan (%7,98) ve Dodekanoik asit (%15,76); D. pastinaca mukusunda bulunan majör bileşikler, Siklooktasiloksan (%11,22), Siklononasiloksan (%14,49), 1H-Purin-6-amin, [(2-florofenil) metil] (%13,4), Siklodekaziloksan (%12,10), Lusenin-2 (%11,37) ve Oktasiloksan (%10,57); G. altavela mukusunda bulunan majör bileşikler, 1-Nonen (%8,13), 2-İzopropil-5-metil-1-heptanol (%12,24), 2-Hidroksi-3-fenil-2H-1-benzopiran (%11,83), Eikosan (%14,25) ve Dodekanoik asit (%21,37) ve R. miraletus mukusunda bulunan majör bileşikler, Tetrakoksametil (%36,08), Siklodekaziloksan (%31,56) ve Oktasiloksan (%32,36) olarak bulunmuştur. HPLC analizi sonucu R. miraletus mukusunda 13,78 µg/ml oranında vitamin E tespit edilmiştir. İkinci bölümde, D. marmorata, D. pastinaca, G. altavela ve R. miraletus epidermal mukus örneklerinin gram negatif (Escherichia coli ve Klebsiella pneumoniae) ve gram pozitif bakteri (Bacillus subtilis ve Enterococcus faecalis) suşlarına karşı antifungal aktivitesi disk difüzyon ve spektrofotometrik broth mikrodilüsyon metotlarıyla ortaya çıkartılmıştır. Disk difüzyon metodu için en güçlü antibakteriyel aktivite, B. subtilis üzerinde 2,90 mm'lik inhibisyon zon çapıyla G. altavela mukusunun asetik asit ekstraktında (GaAA) belirlenmiştir. Spektrofotometrik broth mikrodilüsyon metodu için ise en güçlü antibakteriyel aktivite, K. pneumoniae üzerinde 8,99 µl'lik MİK değeriyle D. marmorata mukusunun asetik asit ekstraktında (DmAA) belirlenmiştir. Üçüncü bölümde, D. marmorata, D. pastinaca, G. altavela ve R. miraletus epidermal mukus örneklerinin mantar (Candida albicans ve Candida parapsilosis) suşlarına karşı antifungal aktivitesi yine disk difüzyon ve spektrofotometrik broth mikrodilüsyon metotlarıyla ortaya çıkartılmıştır. Disk difüzyon metodu için en güçlü antifungal aktivite, C. parapsilosis üzerinde 2,40 mm'lik inhibisyon zon çapıyla yine G. altavela mukusunun asetik asit ekstraktında (GaAA) belirlenmiştir. Spektrofotometrik broth mikrodilüsyon metodu için ise en güçlü antifungal aktivite, C. albicans üzerinde 9,40 µl'lik MİK değeriyle G. altavela mukusunun asetik asit ekstraktında (GaAA) belirlenmiştir. Dördüncü bölümde ise, G. altavela epidermal mukusunun hücre canlılığı testi (MTT analizi) ile akciğer kanseri hücre hattı (A549) üzerindeki antikanserojen aktiviteleri incelenmiştir. Ancak A549 hücre hattı üzerinde herhangi bir antikanserojen aktivite tespit edilememiştir. Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar, vatoz epidermal mukusundan elde edilen ekstraktlardaki biyoaktif maddelerin daha detaylı analizlerle karakterize edilip geliştirilerek ilgili alanlarda prototip uygulamalarıyla desteklendiğinde, biyomedikal sektörlerindeki potansiyel iş alanlarında denizel kaynaklı doğal bir ürün olarak ticarileştirilebileceğini göstermiştir. Bu çalışma TÜBİTAK 2211-C Yurtiçi Öncelikli Alanlar Doktora Burs Programı tarafından desteklenmiştir., In this study, the potential use of various extracts obtained from ray epidermal mucus in biomedical fields has been examined and evaluated based on scientific principles. Four stingray species Dasyatis marmorata, D. pastinaca, Gymnura altavela, and Raja miraletus were preferred because of high abundance through commercial trawl and tramel nets operations in Iskenderun Bay and their intensive secretion of mucus when caught. The thesis study consists of four parts. In the first part of the thesis, the total protein content by the Bradford analysis, volatile compounds by GC/MS analysis in epidermal mucus samples of D. marmorata, D. pastinaca, G. altavela and R. miraletus, and vitamin E (α-tocopherol) concentration by HPLC analysis in R. miraletus mucus were determined. The total protein concentration in D. marmorata, D. pastinaca, G. altavela and R. miraletus epidermal mucus was found to be 4.61, 4.87, 4.89 and 3.94 mg/ml, respectively. The major compounds obtained from the GC/MS analysis were determined 2-Isopropyl-5-methyl-1-heptanol (10.04%), 2-tert-Butyl-4-isopropyl-5-methylphenol (7.95%), Dokosan (7.98%) and Dodecanoic acid (% 15.76) for D. marmorata epidermal mucus; Cyclooctasiloxane (11.22%), Cyclononacyloxane (14.49%), 1H-Purin-6-amine, [(2-fluorophenyl) methyl] (13.4%), Cyclodeazyloxane (12.10%), Lucenin-2 (11.37%) and Octasiloxane (10.57%) for D. pastinaca epidermal mucus; 1-Nonene (8.13%), 2-Isopropyl-5-methyl-1-heptanol (12.24%), 2-Hydroxy-3-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran (11.83%), Eicosan (14.25%) and Dodecanoic acid (21.37%) for G. altavela epidermal mucus; Tetracoxamethyl (36.08%), Cyclodeazyloxane (31.56%) and Octasiloxane (32.36%) for R. miraletus epidermal mucus. As a result of the HPLC analysis, the vitamin E concentration in R. miraletus mucus was detected as 13.78 µg/ml. In the second part of the thesis, the antibacterial activity of D. marmorata, D. pastinaca, G. altavela and R. miraletus epidermal mucus samples against gram negative bacteria strains (Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae) and gram positive bacteria strains (Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecalis) were revealed by the disc diffusion and spectrophotometric broth microdilution methods. The strongest antibacterial activity for the disc diffusion method was determined in the acidic mucus extract of G. altavela (GaAC) with an inhibition zone diameter of 2.90 mm against B. subtilis. For the spectrophotometric broth microdilution method, the strongest antibacterial activity was determined in the acidic mucus extract of D. marmorata (DmAC) with a MIC value of 8.99 µl against K. pneumoniae.In the third part of the thesis, the antifungal activity of D. marmorata, D. pastinaca, G. altavela and R. miraletus epidermal mucus samples against fungal strains (Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis) were also determined by the disc diffusion and spectrophotometric broth microdilution methods. The strongest antifungal activity for the disc diffusion method was also detected in the acidic mucus extract of G. altavela (GaAC) with an inhibition zone diameter of 2.40 mm against C. parapsilosis. For the spectrophotometric broth microdilution method, the strongest antifungal activity was also found in the acidic mucus extract of G. altavela (GaAC) with a MIC value of 9.40 µl against C. albicans. In the fourth part of the thesis, anticarcinogenic activities of the epidermal mucus of G. altavela were investigated on the lung carcinoma cell line (A549) by cell viability test (MTT analysis). However, no anticarcinogenic activity was detected on the A549 cell line. The results have shown that bioactive substances in extracts obtained from ray epidermal mucus can be commercialized as a marine-derived natural product in potential areas in the biomedical sectors when the bioactive substances in the extracts are characterized and developed by more detailed analyzes and supported by prototype applications in related fields. This study was supported by TÜBİTAK 2211-C Domestic Priority Areas Doctorate Scholarship Program.

The present study aims to predict the potential geographic distribution and future expansion of invasive alien lionfish (Pterois miles) with ecological niche modelling along the Mediterranean Sea. The primary data consisted of occurrence points of P. miles in the Mediterranean and marine climatic data layers were collected from global databases. All the used models run 100% success predictions, and true skill statistics and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values ranged from 0.42 and 0.71 to 0.86 and 0.95 for current distribution modelling; and 0.0 and 0.0 to 0.83 and 0.94 for the future distribution modelling, respectively. The mean sea surface temperature and maximum bathymetry played an important role in the prediction of the model and explained relatively higher biological importance to the extension and adaptation of P. miles with extreme environmental factors. The predicted suitable habitats of P. miles under the current climate dominantly occurred in the east parts of coastal areas of the Mediterranean. The predicted future suitable habitats of P. miles revealed that P. miles increase its range of distribution dominantly to the central and west part of the Mediterranean in a spatial extent, indicating high suitability of these areas for its future distribution.

Genetic structure and growth characteristics of common pandora Pagellus erythrinus populations collected from the Iskenderun, Mersin and Antalya Bays were revealed through D-loop sequencing of mtDNA and length-weight and age-length relationships. While the highest value of genetic diversity was obtained in the Mersin population (0.0024), the lowest value was in Iskenderun population (0.0006). A total of 9 haplotypes was found and mean haplotype diversity was found 0.7485. The highest genetic divergence was observed between the Mersin and Iskenderun Bay populations (0.0206), whereas the Iskenderun and Antalya Bay populations had the least genetic divergence (0.0165). BioMorphv3 was used for determining the length-weight and age-length relationships. The length-weight relationships for all individuals of Iskenderun, Mersin and Antalya populations were estimated as W=0.0693 x L2.3887 (r=0.9456), W=0.0786 x L2.3338 (r=0.9473) and W=0.0693 x L2.3887 (r=0.9542), respectively. The von Bertalanffy growth parameters for all individuals of Iskenderun, Mersin and Antalya populations were calculated as Lt=39.22 [1-e0.210(t+0.32)], Lt=50.48 [1-e0.120(t+2.76)], Lt=38.08 [1-e0.158(t+0.48)], respectively. Published by Central Fisheries Research Institute (SUMAE) Trabzon, Turkey. 2-s2.0-85083346465

The ecosystem approach for fisheries management is a widely accepted concept and has recently been developed to address the failures of traditional fisheries management practices (Morishita, 2008).

On 26 October 2018, two specimens of Equulites popei (Whitley, 1932) were collected at a depth of 30 m from Yumurtalık coast, Iskenderun Bay and other two specimens were captured by trammel net at a depth of 38 m in the vicinity of Antalya Bay on 17 March 2019. Equulites popei previously mistaken as Equulites elongatus, is a lessepsian migrant to the eastern Mediterranean Sea. The present study is the first confirmed reports of the species from Iskenderun Bay and Antalya Bay, Mediterranean coast of Turkey. Besides, this report is the first observation for these locations and fills another gap in the distribution range of the species. All measurements and counts as well as morphological and color descriptions of E. popei agree with previous descriptions. The occurrence of this species in the Mediterranean Sea is the result of migration from the Red Sea via the Suez Canal., 26 Ekim 2018'de, Yumurtalık sahili, İskenderun Körfezi'nden 30 m derinlikte iki adet Equulites popei örneği (Whitley, 1932) yakalandı ve diğer iki örnek, Antalya Körfezi civarında, 38 m derinlikte trol ağları tarafından 17 Mart 2019 avlandı. Daha önce Equulites elongatus olarak kabul edilen Equulites popei, Doğu Akdeniz'e bir Lessepsiyen göçmendir. Bu çalışma, Türkiye’nin Akdeniz kıyıları İskenderun Körfezi ve Antalya Körfezi'nden türün ilk teyit raporlarıdır. Ayrıca, bu rapor bu lokasyonlar için ilk gözlemdir ve türün dağılım aralığındaki bir başka boşluğu doldurmaktadır. E. popei'nin morfolojik ve renk tanımlarının yanı sıra tüm ölçümler ve sayımlar önceki açıklamalarla uyumludur. Bu türün Akdeniz'de ortaya çıkışı, Kızıldeniz'den Süveyş Kanalı yoluyla göç sonucudur.

A preliminary assessment of stock size and status of Trachurus mediterraneus and T. trachurus species were investigated via virtual population and yield prediction analyses using onboard collected length-frequency data from Northeastern Mediterranean. The length-frequency based VBGF parameters and growth performance index were L ∞ = 28 cm, k = 0 . 62 , t 0 = 0 . 58 , t anc = 0 . 52 and Φ ′ = 2 . 69 for T. mediterraneus and L ∞ = 27 . 46 cm, k = 0 . 54 , t 0 = 0 . 49 , t anc = 0 . 41 and Φ ′ = 2 . 61 for T. trachurus. Trawl-type selectivity and maturity ogives were 16.73 and 19.2 cm TL for T. mediterraneus, and 17.59 and 19.8 cm TL for T. trachurus, respectively. The virtual population analysis of T. mediterraneus resulted that the minimum and maximum fishing mortalities were 0.02 and 1.09 yr −1 for the mid-length groups for 10.5 and 24.5 cm, respectively. The minimum and maximum fishing mortality of T. trachurus were 0.0 and 0.89 yr −1 at the size of 25.5 and 27.5 cm, respectively. Biological reference points of T. mediterraneus point out that the current fishing mortality ( F Curr = 1 .62) is lower than the fishing mortality of F MSY , and the current exploitation rate ( E Curr = 0 .63) is lower than the reference point target benchmarks E 0.5 and E MSY, showing underexploited status. The current fishing mortality ( F Curr = 0 .76) in T. trachurus was observed to be lower than the fishing mortality for the MSY ( F MSY ), and the current exploitation rate ( E Curr = 0 .46) was lower than E 0.5 and E MSY, indicating currently underemployed status.

WOS: 000499795100001, Scientific & Technological Research Council of TurkeyTurkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [TUBITAK-112O920]; Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (BAS), This research was supported by the Scientific & Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK-112O920), Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (BAS).

WOS: 000462879600004, Science Citation Index Expanded, The objective of this study was to determine the levels of essential (Ca, K, Na, Mg, Co, Cu, Cr, Fe, Mn) and non-essential (Al, As, Ba, Cd, Ni, Pb, Sr, Li, B) elements in the muscle, liver and skin of P. maxima and S. vulgaris. Analysis of variance was performed to determine significant differences among tissues. There were no significant differences in the metal concentrations among the tissues of both species with the exception of Fe and Li. The levels of essential metals such as Na, K, Ca and Mg were higher than 10 mg/kg; Fe and Cu were lower than 10 mg/kg. The results showed that the P. maksima and S. vulgaris are a good dietary source of essential nutrients. However, the concentrations of some nonessential metals in tissues of P. maksima and S. vulgaris exceeded the acceptable values for human consumption.

WOS: 000457126400007, 30790846, First record of a Lessepsian migrant: the sea cucumber Holothuria (Theelothuria) hamata Pearson, 1913. A single specimen of the Indo-West Pacific sea cucumber Holothuria (Theelothuria) hamata Pearson, 1913 has been captured in 2017 in the Mediterranean Sea, Turkey, Iskenderun Bay, at 30 m depth. This specimen is here described, and the taxonomy of the species is briefly discussed. Despite the lack of timed biogeographic evidence, we here argue that H. hamata is a Lessepsian migrant; the first in its genus and only the second holothuroid., Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Turkey [TAGEM-16/AR-GE/21], The study was supported by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Turkey (TAGEM-16/AR-GE/21) coded project.

One specimen of Seriola fasciata was caught by a commercial trawler at depths of 60-70m on 10 November 2018 from the Çevlik coast of Turkey Iskenderun Bay. The present paper reports the second record of Seriola fasciata in Turkish Marine waters. ©Biharean Biologist, Oradea, Romania, 2019, TAGEM 16/AR-GE/21, Acknowledgements. Thanks to the General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies department of Republic of Turkey Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (TAGEM 16/AR-GE/21) for financial support.

WOS: 000399341900018, Science Citation Index Expanded, This Collective Article presents information on 22 species belonging to 5 Phyla, arranged geographically from west to east. The new records were found in 8 countries as follows: Spain: first record of the two scarcely known nemerteans Baseodiscus delineatus and Notospermus geniculatus in Formentera; Malta: second record of the alien fish Lagocephalus sceleratus; Italy: the alien polychaete Syllis pectinans and the isopod Paranthura japonica, as well as the cryptogenic opisthobranch Anteaeolidiella lurana, were found in the fouling assemblages along the docks of the port of Livorno. New decapod records are reported from Sicily (the alien Callinectes sapidus and the native Pachygrapsus maurus) and Apulia (Percnon gibbesi and Procambarus clarkii); the lesser amberjack Seriola fasciata extended its geographical range to the Egadi Isands and Siganus luridus was documented for the first time along the Ionian coasts of Apulia and Calabria. Slovenia: the first record of the alien bivalve Brachidontes pharaonis is reported, together with a survey of up to date Adriatic records. Greece: the first record of the gastropod Rhinoclavis kochi is reported from Gavdos island. In addition, two records of endangered and rare cartilaginous fish were reported, namely, the shark Hexanchus griseus and the ray Leucoraja fullonica, as well as additional records of Siganus luridus for Lesvos and Malleus regula and Fulvia fragilis from Astypalaia. Turkey: the black wing flyingfish Hirundichthys rondeletii is reported for the very first time from the Black Sea. Egypt: the Indo-Pacific crab Halimede ochtodes is reported as established in Port Said. In addition, biometric parameters and meristic counts are reported for Anthias anthias in Damietta. Cyprus: the alien opisthobranch gastropod Bursatella leachii is reported for first time., Slovenian Research Agency (ARRS); East and South European Network for Invasive Alien Species [33-51/30.06.2015]; Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competiveness [BES-2013-063551, CTM2014-57949-R]; Duzce University Research Fund [2013.5.1.189]; Ministry of the Environment and Spatial Planning of Slovenia, The study coauthored by Valentina Pitacco, Lovrenc Lipej and Fabio Crocetta is part of Valentina's PhD study funded by the Slovenian Research Agency (ARRS), and was supported by the Ministry of the Environment and Spatial Planning of Slovenia. The study of alien species from Slovenia involving Fabio Crocetta was partially funded by the East and South European Network for Invasive Alien Species - a tool to support the management of alien species in Bulgaria (ESENIAS-TOOLS) (EEA funded - Contract No..-33-51/30.06.2015). Fabio Crocetta and Miquel Pontes are grateful to Alper Karabacak (Kyrenia, Cyprus) for sharing data on Bursatella leachii. Authors Gianni Insacco and Bruno Zava are grateful to the professional fisherman Mr Alessandro Bonfissuti, owner of "Erika", for providing the C. sapidus specimen studied. The authors warmly thank Maria Corsini-Foka (Hellenic Centre for Marine Research) for useful comments, which improved a previous draft of their note. Authors Aikaterini Dogrammatzi and Caterina Stamouli would like to thank Dr E. Leukaditou, J. Dokos, G. Christidis, I. Fytilakos and N. Fotiadis, members of the MEDITS scientific team, for their valuable help during samplings and also the captain and the crew of the fishing boat "TAKIS-MIMIS". Fernando Angel Fernandez-Alvarez was supported by a pre-doctoral fellowship of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competiveness (BES-2013-063551). His co-authors, Ivan Acevedo and Paula C. Rodriguez-Flores, were funded under the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competiveness project CTM2014-57949-R. Ch. Mytilineou and A. Anastasopoulou would like to thank the onboard team of the EPILEXIS project (C. J. Smith, E. Lefkaditou, K. Papadopoulou, C. Stamouli, J. Dokos, G. Oikonomidis, E. Kypraiou); C. J. Smith, in particular, for the photographic material, as well as the captain and the crew of F/V 'Takis-Mimis' for supporting the survival of the Bluntnose Sixgill Shark specimen. The study of D. Yaglioglu and C. Turan was financially supported by Duzce University Research Fund, Project Number: 2013.5.1.189 and coordinated by DY. For Malta, Alan Deidun and Murat Celik are grateful to the Maltese angler - David Agius-who caught the L. sceleratus specimen reported in this study.

WOS: 000423194500015, Science Citation Index Expanded, The "New Mediterranean Biodiversity Records" series includes new records of marine species found in the Mediterranean basin and/or information on the spatial distribution of already established species of particular interest. The current article presents information on 21 marine taxa classified per country according to their geographic position in the Mediterranean, from west to east. The new records per ecoregion are as follows: Algeria: the first record of the fish Etrumeus golanii is reported along the Algerian coast. Tunisia: the alien jellyfish Phyllorhiza punctata is reported for the first time in the Gulf of Gabes. Italy: the first record of Siganus rivulatus in the Strait of Sicily and a new record of Katsuwonus pelamis from the central Tyrrhenian Sea are reported. The establishment of the isopod of the genus Mesanthura in the northern Tyrrhenian with some notes on its ecology are also included. Croatia: signs of establishment of the Lessepsian Siganus luridus and the occurrence of the alien mollusc Rapana venosa are reported. Albania: the first record of the elasmobranch Alopias superciliosus and a recent sighting of the rare monk seal Monachus monachus in Albanian waters are given. Greece: signs of the establishment of the fish Parupeneus forsskali and of the ascidian Hermania momus in Hellenic Aegean waters are reported. Turkey: a new record of the fish P. forsskali and of the halacarid mites Acaromantis monnioti and Simognathus adriaticus are given, while the first case of Remora australis in association with delphinids and the occurrence of the sea star Coscinasterias tenuispina are reported. Also, the establishment of the two alien species Isognomon legumen and Viriola sp. [cf. corrugata] are presented. Egypt: the fish Bathygobius cyclopterus is reported for the first time in Mediterranean Sea waters. Also, a new record of Pagellus bogaraveo and a first record of Seriola fasciata in Egyptian Mediterranean waters are reported. Lebanon: the first record of Dondice banyulensis is presented., Interreg MED Project Mpa-Adapt Guiding Mediterranean MPAs through the climate change era: building resilience and adaptation; Croatian Science Foundation (HRZZ) [IP-2016-06-5251]; Rufford Foundation [19938-1]; Rufford Foundation; Marine Mammals Research Association; Interreg MED Project Mpa-Adapt Guiding Mediterranean MPAs through the climate change era: building resilience and adaptation; Croatian Science Foundation (HRZZ) [IP-2016-06-5251]; Rufford Foundation [19938-1]; Rufford Foundation; Marine Mammals Research Association; [R 2000 Eb F 42 / L43], Azzurro E. and Giardina F. are indebted to Giuseppe Maggiore and Peppino Sorrentino for providing all the information regarding the capture of Siganus rivulatus in Lampedusa Island; their study was supported by the Interreg MED Project Mpa-Adapt Guiding Mediterranean MPAs through the climate change era: building resilience and adaptation. Rabaoui L. and El Zrelli R. would like to thank all fishermen who provided information on the recent occurrence of Phyllorhiza punctata in the Gulf of Gabes. Dulcic J. and Dragicevic B. acknowledge the Croatian Science Foundation (HRZZ) that partly supported their work under project IP-2016-06-5251. Giovos I. and Cakalli M. would like to warmly thank the fisherman Arsen Jupe for helping and assisting them in taking all the measurements. Bakiu R. and Cakalli M. would like to thank the Rufford Foundation (Project ref. 19938-1) for financially supporting the Mediterranean monk seal monitoring program along the Ionian coast of Albania; furthermore, they wish to warmly thank Eng. Agron Bakiu for the power supply system that he built for the camera traps.. Bas A.A. and Gonulal O. would like to thank Prof. Dr. Ivan Sazima and Isil Danyer for their help on species identification and the Rufford Foundation and Marine Mammals Research Association for their financial support. Durucan F. and Boyaci Y.O. wish to express special thanks to Dr. Matteo Dal Zotto (Universita degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Department of Life Sciences, Modena, Italy) who kindly sent them a copy of Dr. Morselli's article that was lacking from the first author's library. Durucan F. would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their useful comments and also Suleyman Demirel University, Fisheries Faculty, Ecology and Limnology laboratory (Isparta, Turkey) for providing laboratory facilities. Crocetta F. and Bitar G. thank Jean Vacelet (Marseille, France) for the photo of Dondice banyulensis taken during the Franco-Lebanese cooperation program - CEDRE (1999-2002) (R 2000 Eb F 42 / L43). Kassar A. and Hemida F. are deeply grateful to the fisherman Benssada Djamel for providing the specimen of Etrumeus golanii.

WOS: 000455910700007, Science Citation Index Expanded, A new Lessepsian migrant, moontail bullseye, Priacanthus hamrur (Forsskal, 1775), is recorded for the second time from the Mediterranean Sea, and for the first time from Turkey. A single male specimen of P. hamrur was caught at a depth of about 30 m, off the Konacik harbour (Arsuz coast, Gulf of Iskenderun, Turkey) on 18 December 2017, by a longline. The present paper reports the confirmed record of P. hamrur in the eastern Mediterranean with the first record off the coast of Turkey. This species is probably a Red Sea immigrant entering the Mediterranean Sea through the Suez Canal. With the present report, the number of priacanthid species reported in the Mediterranean Sea has reached four.

WOS: 000408072700007, Genetic and morphological structure of tub gurnard Chelidonichthys lucerne populations in Turkish marine waters were investigated with mtDNA sequencing of 16S rRNA and morphological characters. C. lucerne samples were collected from the Black Sea, Marmara, Aegean and northeastern Mediterranean coasts of Turkey. The lowest genetic diversity was found in the northeastern Mediterranean (Iskenderun Bay) population, while the highest was in the Marmara population with overall average value of genetic diversity within populations. A total of 14 haplotypes was found, and the highest haplotype diversity was in the Black Sea whereas the lowest was in the northeastern Mediterranean population (Iskenderun Bay). The Black Sea and Iskenderun Bay populations showed the least genetic divergence (0.001081), while the highest was between the Marmara Sea and northeastern Mediterranean (Antalya Bay) populations (0.002067). Pairwise comparisons of genetic distance revealed statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) between the Marmara and both the Aegean and northeastern Mediterranean (Antalya Bay) samples. Neighbour joining tree analyses clustered the northeastern Mediterranean populations (Antalya Bay and Iskenderun Bay) as genetically more interrelated populations, whereas the Aegean Sea population was clustered as most isolated one. Discriminant function analysis of morphological characters showed that only the Black Sea population is differentiated from the other populations. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved., Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey [TUBITAK-212T115]; [BAP-12025], Thanks to the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK-212T115) and BAP-12025 for financial support.

WOS: 000405112800016

[No abstract available]