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The aim of this paper is to determine the weight of different parameters in the description of the linguistic landscape of two zones of different scope: urban and rural. The starting point was a previous investigation carried out in two nearby sites, in the limits between the North-Central peninsular variety of the Spanish and the Basque. Although they are areas that, for geographical, administrative and political reasons have a disparate linguistic profile, the quantitative classification of their linguistic signals allows us to establish patterns for the two mentioned environments. The influence of the economic structure in the public space, rural or urban, can also be observed in the linguistic landscape: on the one hand, they share the same vitality in its renewal. On the other hand, differences can be detected if we consider other criteria: the rural landscape, which has been little studied, is more institutionalized, more dependent, therefore, on public initiative, more subsidiary to authors and references external to the community, more limited in its functions and social representations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work was developed using a quantitative methodology, with a simple and stratified random sampling. The results can be divided into two aspects: the first, the subjective construction, both in a sense of security and fear of crime, which were found negative in the sample, being differentiated in the three municipalities under study, but distinguished in the most rural of the three, in which the sense of security was better than in the other two, but the fear of the crime was greater than in them. The second aspect, the objective construction showed a considerably high victimization figure when compared with other nations and previous studies in the same context, saying that the victimizations consisted of robberies, occurred during the day, being executed with violence and firearms, by young men; which, in addition, were not reported by a significant proportion of the victims, noting that there were no variables that correlated with victimization. The main conclusion aims to consider that the subjective construction of security is constructed by individuals depending more on the interactive context with the spaces in which they develop their daily social dynamics, than by the distinctive characteristics of the urban and rural area in the area. that lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article takes as genesis the logic of geometric shapes in the production of architecture. In search of generating other alternatives of geometric composition, a whole process of experimentation, analysis and research is projected, in a series of exercises applied and carried out by each of the students, managing to channel the evolutionary development of new solutions to both the form and structure, as to the spatial management to feel. Although for so many years' different schools have governed only the traditional management of geometric composition, others on the contrary we left the functionalist tradition, where this time, understand, diagnose and configure each of the direct and implicit factors of the place, leads to the interpretation of each of the languages found. From here lies a methodology capable of addressing the semiological capabilities, starting from the most basic and simple to build geometric logics of constructive and applied complexity. The total capacity of observation is expressed, the existing meaning is transferred in the current constructed forms of an urban place, and here its sensitive condition of perceiving, analyzing and connecting each of the transformative experiences of a social and cultural user capable of energizing any space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With a view to legalizing the right to housing, the present proposal had as its central objective, to diagnose and map the growth of the urban network of the North, Northwest and Mid Bridge regions, as well as the current land tenure situation of its land. To achieve these purposes, a bibliographic survey of the historical and social occupation of these regions was carried out, correlated, its cartographic periodization. As a result, maps derived from the interpretation of sensory products, which illustrate the expansion of the urban network between 1975 and 2015. Based on tabular data provided by the Municipality of Goiânia, maps of the evolution process of land subdivision, between the years 1950 to 2015 and the current land tenure of these land lots. Results indicate that despite the State's efforts since the 1990s, issue of the land situation to date is not fully resolved, because some parcels and parcels of land not approved by any public organization are still verified and without registration in the registry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

O entendimento da (re)produção espacial sob a ótica das abordagens geográficas, possibilita o reconhecimento de funções que estão cotidianamente concorrendo para a existência de ações, cujas características conduzem a observações das diferenciações que integram o urbano, subsidiada pelas características assumidas pelo papel dos planos. Partindo das considerações, objetivou-se com o presente artigo, analisar proposições pensadas no plano diretor de Teresina e as implicações das intervenções para a reprodução espacial da área central da cidade. Para tanto, os procedimentos metodológicos foram compostos pela revisão de referencial teórico, observação, entrevistas, registro fotográfico e elaboração de mapas. A análise das proposições ensejadas na Agenda 2015 demonstrou um conjunto de contradições no atendimento dos objetivos. Conclui-se, portanto que foi verificada a efetivação de parcela das proposições iniciais, enquanto algumas não foram contempladas, carecendo de maior atuação para consolidação das metas pensadas no âmbito do plano diretor.

doi: 10.12957/geouerj.2016.16281 This article seeks to analyze some of the most frequent approaches of the urbanization process and its main contributions and limitations. We assume that studies which establishes links between the urban and the socially produced space are at the forefront of urban studies, because this approaches avoids orthodoxies and includes an spatial view about the social processes. In relation to urban studies, the Henri Lefebvre theoretical insights are opened and pointed to the possible. This is the best approaches today because he was the one who best understood the dialectic and the spatial component of this process. Another important contributions brought different approaches. In this sense, our approach seeks to show the importance of making connections between portions taken from the social reality developed at different scales, spaces and times. It has to include urban phenomenon studies. For this purpose, the socially produced space theory developed by Lefebvre brought great contributions and allows we think the city in a dialectical perspective, which implies the revelation of his connections with the social processes totality.

La tendencia dominante de las ciencias de la conservación y del urbanismo, ha buscado detener el deterioro ambiental estableciendo una base ética de actitudes consideradas apropiadas para conservar una naturaleza particular. A través del estudio de 9 jardines comunitarios parisinos, mostramos los límites que muestra esta aproximación al limitar la interacción ser humano-naturaleza. Tomando en cuenta subjetividades ciudadanas, brindamos perspectivas para nutrir las ciencias de la conservación y repensar las ciudades, en vista a alimentar la reflexión sobre el desafío global mayor que es la conservación de la naturaleza.

The purpose of this paper is to show the urban isolated schools in the city of Belo Horizonte - Minas Gerais State, from 1906 (when the isolated schools where implemented by the regional government) and 1927 (year of the introduction of progressive pedagogy on the state). Using sources as educational laws, bureaucratic reports and official letters between the government and the schools, as well the substantive historiographical production about Minas Gerais schooling, the aim is to understand the significance of the isolated schools on city schooling after the creation of the graduated ones. If in rural areas isolated schools prevailed, in urban spaces and especially in major cities, one can see that the conditions were better regarding infrastructure, teachers and students conditions. Despite it, graduated schools were considered the ideal model, receiving more investments. In one hand the State projected the end of this kind of school, with the growth of graduated ones. On the other hand the investments were not sufficient to implement that. In conclusion, even precarious, not graduated schools were preserved in order to provide schooling to great number of children.

Reseña del proyecto arquitectónico titulado “Rehabilitación de un edificio subutilizado para generar vivienda en el área central de San José”. El tema del proyecto tiene la voluntad de ser una referencia para el proceso de ejecución del Plan de Regeneración y Repoblamiento de la ciudad de San José. Esta investigación se llevó a cabo como parte del proyecto final de graduación para optar por el grado de Licenciatura en Arquitectura y Urbanismo del Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica. This is a review of the architectural project entitled “Rehabilitation of vacant buildings to generate housing in the central area of San José”. The subject of the project described here is intended to be a point of reference for the implementation an area of a Regeneration and Repopulation Plan of the city of San Jose. This research was undertaken as part of final graduation project in Architecture and Urbanism at the Costa Rica Institute of Technology.

La ciudad debe ser reconocida como parte de la naturaleza y diseñada, en consecuencia, comprendiendo las conexiones entre paisaje y ciudad que son funcionales, sostenibles, significantes y poseedores de arte y belleza. El paisaje urbano se constituye de formas que conjugan naturaleza, historia y cultura, poniendo en valor la complejidad de variables teóricas y prácticas que implican biodiversidad, procesos eco sistémicos y diversas actividades humanas en el tiempo. En ese contexto, una de las coordenadas especialmente valiosas y presentes en el paisaje urbano de muchas de las ciudades de Chile se construye a partir del trazado que ha hecho el agua. Entonces, reconocer el paisaje urbano como una relación de diseño sobre el paisaje hídrico de soporte, resulta indispensable para entender la ciudad y sus dinámicas de transformación como un todo fluido y en movimiento. Este trabajo busca proponer un sustrato teórico, un imaginario práctico y una metodología posible para la configuración de paisajes hídricos urbanos para aportar en la discusión de cómo enfrentaremos la condición hídrica en nuestras ciudades contemporáneas en el marco del quinto paradigma de la urbanización en conjunto con el enfoque de ciudades sensibles al agua. The city should be recognized as part of nature and, consequently, be designed with an understanding of the relationships between the landscape which are functional, sustainable, meaningful, and possess art and beauty. The urban landscape is composed of forms which interplay nature, history and culture, emphasizing the complexity of theoretical and practical variables associated with bio-diversity, ecosystemic processes, and diverse human activities over time. In this context, one especially valuable dimension present in many Chliean cities can be constructed on the basis of the course taken by water. The recognition of urban landscape as a relationship between its design and its supporting hydric landscape is indispensable for understanding the city and the dynamics of its transformation as a fluid in movement. This article seeks to propose a possible theoretical, practical and methodological basis for comprehending the configuration of urban hydric landscapes in contemporary cities in the framework of the fifth paradigm of urbanization focused on water sensitive cities.

La ciudad posee características propias como sujeto de investigación histórica y a su especificidad concurren múltiples perpectivas para lograr una mejor comprensión de este constructo humano. Un núcleo urbano puede ser tratado desde lo histórico, lo urbanístico, lo artístco, lo literario o lo religioso. Todas son entradas analíticas complementarias y útiles para elaborar mejores comprensiones de este fenómeno. Además, sólo la suma de investigaciones desde distintas disciplinas podrá derivar en el conocimiento integral, tan buscado y muchas veces tan poco logrado

Los primates que habitan en los ecosistemas de montaña de la cordillera de Los Andes en Colombia están expuestos a fuertes amenazas como consecuencia del desarrollo de la infraestructura y la transformación del uso del suelo en lo que corresponde a la región más densamente poblada de Colombia. Para el género Aotus cuyos hábitos son principalmente nocturnos las amenazas sobre sus poblaciones no han sido bien documentadas hasta la fecha, aunque especies como el mono nocturno andino (Aotus lemurinus) ha sido catalogado como Vulnerable a nivel nacional y global. En este estudio, compilamos registros recientes de individuos de Aotus lemurinus muertos por electrocución accidental en cuatro departamentos de los Andes Centrales de Colombia. Estos registros contribuyen al conocimiento previo sobre esta problemática a nivel nacional y resaltan la necesidad de formular e implementar estrategias de mitigación del riesgo de electrocución para esta y otras especies.

Entre 1973 y el 2003, se realizaron los llamados Certámenes de Paisaje Rural y algunos Certámenes de Paisaje Urbano, los cuales fueron organizados por instituciones estatales. El objetivo de este artículo es determinar las razones que tuvieron instancias oficiales para retomar e incentivar nuevamente el tema del paisaje rural, el cual había tenido una preponderancia en la década de 1930. Para esto, se recurrió principalmente a la consulta de periódicos de la época y archivos del Museo de Arte Costarricense y del Ministerio de Cultura Juventud y Deportes. Asimismo, fue relevante la realización de entrevistas a organizadores, artistas y jurados que participaron en dichos concursos. A la luz de estas fuentes, se estableció que –por un lado– el Estado se había convertido en un agente urbanizador y –por otro lado– se aferraba a una representación plástica de la nación: el paisaje rural.

O debate assumido pela PatryTer diz respeito às dinâmicas territoriais urbanas, rurais e meio-ambientais na América Latina e Caribe. Neste editorial, queremos lembrar a ideia contida no Projeto Político-Acadêmico da revista [também publicado neste número], referente ao nosso objetivo que é fomentar a discussão regional-continental-internacional sobre os referentes geográficos: cidade, campo e natureza socializada, em totalização, pois em processos permanentes de intervenção espacial e ressignificação.

A proposta do presente artigo é trazer o relato proveniente da oportunidade de realização de um trabalho prático, performático, elaborado para a disciplina Troca de Saberes, do Programa Interdepartamental de Pós-Graduação Interdisciplinar em Artes, Urbanidades e Sustentabilidades da Universidade Federal de São João del Rei. A intenção de nossa atividade prática foi ressaltar, por meio da influência do texto "Notas sobre a experiência e o saber de experiência" , de Jorge Larrosa Bondí­a, as experimentações que deixamos de nos submeter ao lidarmos com o cotidiano de nossas vidas corridas dentro do meio urbano. O texto expõe as motivações que levaram à proposição do trabalho, juntamente com a sua forma de desenvolvimento, colocando, por fim, as assimilações das experiências obtidas.

O artigo discute as mudanças produzidas pelo processo de urbanização na Ilha de Santa Catarina nos espaços outrora considerados “rurais”. Através da prática do cultivo da mandioca, da produção da farinha e da reemergência dos encontros dos donos de carros de boi, o texto pretende demostrar que apesar dos discursos vigentes apontarem para o esvaziamento das práticas de ruralidade, as trocas promovidas entre o “rural” e o “urbano” permitem perceber um universo sócio cultural muito mais complexo do que supunha a velha dicotomia que colocava em campos opostos o campo e a cidade.

Se presenta un modelo metodológico para analizar, interpretar y planificar el paisaje del espacio periurbano, fruto de la investigación aplicada que vienen desarrollando los autores sobre diversos espacios; aquí se describe el último de ellos. Su interés estriba en la importancia creciente del periurbano, y en el déficit metodológico del estudio de su paisaje, en contraste con la abundancia en territorios supraurbanos. El modelo estructura de forma coherente y comprensiva, conceptos paisajísticos diferentes, en tres niveles y un doble carácter: conceptual y metodológico; conceptualmente los niveles corresponden a tres grados de aproximación al conocimiento del paisaje: descriptivo, interpretativo y propositivo; y metodológicamente, a las tres fases de formulación de un plan: análisis, diagnóstico y propuestas. Además considera las facetas rural y urbana conformadoras del periurbano y las dos áreas de atención que requiere el paisaje: la base paisajística y la percepción.

Espaços de campo e cidade se entrelaçam de muitas maneiras, assim como comportamentos rurais e urbanos. Neste artigo, analisamos as transformações sócio territoriais e as consequências da instalação de uma empresa agrícola no espaço rural da Vila Almeida, em Juiz de Fora/MG. As práticas e técnicas “urbanas” utilizadas no modo de operação da empresa e a configuração daquele espaço rural, que conta, no entanto, com infraestruturas e serviços tipicamente urbanos – como redes de esgoto e água e transporte público – suscitaram novos conflitos no cotidiano dos moradores, em sua maioria produtores agrícolas tradicionais. Atualmente eles vivenciam novas possibilidades de modificações em seu paradigma produtivo agrícola e em seu contexto de reprodução social. Há um estudo de caso realizado a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas, o acompanhamento de uma reunião de moradores e os resultados colhidos. Buscou-se captar como se dá a presença de uma racionalidade urbana no espaço rural da Vila Almeida, sua dinâmica, e todas as condições e condicionantes que fazem parte desse processo. O resultado encontrado diz respeito a um fenômeno de integração entre cidade e campo que rechaça a ideia de dicotomia entre estes.

El presente trabajo estudia la relación íntima que sostienen lo Fantástico y lo Urbano en la clásica novela corta de Robert Louis Stevenson,Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. Este artículo pretende construir una mirada crítica a partir de la ya existente teoría literaria sobre la obra en cuestión para luego ofrecer un ejercicio de lectura diferente, que se centre en la figura del señor Hyde como una extensión del «alma» urbana, al mismo tiempo que como su explorador y representante. Se define primero una relación genérica para luego ahondar en las problemáticas sociales presentes en la capital inglesa durante las últimas décadas del período victoriano, todo al utilizar como ejemplo céntrico la nouvellede Stevenson.

El presente artículo es un análisis factorial que expone el comportamiento del sociodemográfico de una comunidad periférica urbana de la municipalidad de Santiago Cuba, tendiendo a las características demográficas que tiene a su población, su estructura por la edad y su grado de residencial, compuso por un acuerdo demográfico espontáneo, se supedita a un dirigismo, cuál la necesidad para perfeccionar el orden territorial urbano en el contexto de desarrollo local. La identificación y caracterización de variables y el análisis sociológico, y el análisis sociológico, posibilitaron determinar los impactos negativos del ambiente urbano en la vulnerabilidad social de los habitantes de la comunidad. El objetivo del estudio presente fue investigar las características de la población de la comunidad 13 de agosto de dicha municipalidad, haciendo particularidades en señalizadores del comportamiento sociodemográfico para contribuir a una mayor eficiencia en la dotación de recursos para el desarrollo comunal local.

El texto ofrece la traducción al español de Juventudes y desigualdades en lo urbano, publicado por Oxfam Brasil en noviembre de 2015. El material se inicia con una entrevista a la Directora ejecutiva de esta sede de la organización, Kátia Maia, realizada por Silvio Caccia Bava y contiene los siguientes artículos: «Juventudes urbanas: ¿qué podemos hacer juntos?», de Regina Novaes; «Cultura y apropiación de la ciudad por medio de iniciativas juveniles», de Gabriel Di Pierro Siqueira y Maria Virginia de Freitas; «La segregación como norma», de Itamar Silva; «La invisibilidad de la juventud en las políticas públicas», de Cleomar Manhas; «Jóvenes negras en Brasil y la transmisión generacional del racismo y la desigualdad», de Evanildo Barbosa da Silva y Rachel Barros; y «Segregación territorial, juventud y derecho a la ciudad», de Anna Luiza Salles Souto.

Large point clouds from radars and these-dimensional scanners are commonly used in Archaeology. However, in most cases these models cannot be properly integrated and used in software such as heritage management due to its large size. Therefore, some tools to make this management easier and optimize the processing are needed. In this work, we propone the integration between OpenVDB and GRASS in a C++ module to combine the widen functionality of GRASS GIS with the 3D models management efficiency of OpenVDB. Specifically, this application is used to combine the topographic information of a city with the 3D models of the most significant buildings. This application can be useful for both current cities as well as for virtual reconstruction of existing villages in the olden days and currently disappeared.

ResumoNo decorrer da sua existência e funcionamento os clubes estão sujeitos a influências provenientes do contexto onde estão inseridos, todavia também podem influenciar os sujeitos envolvidos no clube através da sua cultura organizacional. Pelas especificidades dos contextos dos clubes revela-se necessário obter dados sobre a sua cultura e o seu funcionamento para poder perceber os seus efeitos no envolvimento e desenvolvimento dos indivíduos. Para este artigo pretendeu-se a análise e comparação de três clubes de futebol de contextos diferentes, um clube profissional e dois amadores, em que um provém de meio rural e outro de meio urbano. Recorreu-se à observação participante e a entrevistas semiestruturadas para recolher os dados. A AAC-OAF diferencia-se dos clubes amadores pela sua orientação para o esporte de rendimento/espetacularização. Os últimos são suportados no voluntariado, dependendo mais das autarquias e políticas locais e revelam maiores dificuldades na angariação de voluntários, os quais aderem por amizade. A assunção dos cargos dirigentes nos clubes amadores são motivados pelo receio da extinção do clube. A estabilidade financeira da UCE contribui para mudanças na sua cultura e funcionamento organizacional. Todos os clubes demonstram falhas no processo de avaliação na implementação dos programas com vista ao desenvolvimento do jovem atleta, centrando-se esta essencialmente nos resultados desportivos obtidos.

El proceso de envejecimiento es un hecho constatable en el espacio urbano de Zaragoza, aunque el grado de afección del fenómeno es diferente en uno u otro de los distritos que lo componen. Así en un marco geográfico como el propuesto, cada una de sus unidades administrativas o censales ofrece un patrón determinado, que se refleja en su estructura demográfica, y conforma su espacio urbano de una forma diferente. El análisis diferenciado de este hecho es el objeto de este trabajo, en un ejercicio que pretende estudiar las múltiples parcelas en las que se manifiesta el proceso de envejecimiento, desde el puramente demográfico hasta su repercusión en las características de los hogares o en los diferentes servicios y el equipamiento urbano. En definitiva nuestro estudio ofrece un análisis del envejecimiento demográfico de la ciudad de Zaragoza, del grado de afección en sus diferentes distritos y de la relación de este proceso con el espacio en donde se desarrolla. Un fenómeno generalizado en las sociedades industriales pero que reviste características particulares en función del espacio de estudio.Abstract. The aging process is a verifiable fact in the urban space of Zaragoza, but the degree of disorder of the phenomenon is different in either of its districts that comprise it. So in a analysis as proposed, each of its administrative or census units provides a model that is reflected in its demographic structure, and forms its urban space in different ways. The separate analysis of this is the subject of this work, in an exercise that aims to study the multiple areas where aging process is manifested, from the purely demographic way to its impact on household characteristics or different services and urban facilities. Definitively our study provides an analysis of the aging process in the population of the city of Zaragoza, the degree of involvement in the different districts and the relation of this process with the space in which it develops. Widespread in industrial societies but which has unique characteristics in terms of studio space.

El artículo aborda el análisis histórico y urbano de los procesos de transfor- mación de la costa central en la ciudad de Rosario, Argentina, desde fines de la década de 1970 a la actualidad. El Municipio a través de distintos instrumentos específicos y nuevas modalidades de gestión, con el fin de recuperar el frente ribereño, propone intervenciones urbanas que inducen al sector privado a la ejecución de distintos proyectos inmobiliarios con usos recreativos, residenciales y comerciales. En este período se visualizan los distintos proyectos edilicios y parques públicos, que van reemplazando las antiguas instalaciones ferroviarias y portuarias, desde el Parque España hasta el Centro de Renovación Urbana Scalabrini Ortiz, Fase 1 Talleres y Fase 2 Puerto Norte, haciendo especial énfasis en este último desarrollo.

O presente trabalho é fruto das discussões promovidas na disciplina “Urbanização e Cultura” ministrada pelo Professor Roberto Monte-Mór, ofertada na Faculdade de Ciências Econômicas da UFMG no segundo semestre de 2014. Instigados tanto pelas várias faces do urbano quanto pelas tendências da cultura apontadas pela literatura trabalhada, resolveu-se retratar como a festa - segundo a concepção de Lefebvre – vem influindo no meio urbano de Belo Horizonte, através da sua dinâmica de ocupação da centralidade urbana e de sua participação na vida política na cidade. E, assim, evidenciou-se que é pela Festa que se vive o espaço urbano em sua plenitude, transformando-o em espaço de troca e interação, onde os cidadãos exercem seu direito à cidade ao apropriar-se das ruas, praças, parques e de toda a arquitetura urbana.

Urban areas continue to expand, with cities now containing more than half of the world's population. As cities grow, natural habitat is transformed, changing the face of the local biota and the resources available for it. Wherever woodpeckers are present, the cavities that they excavate provide an important ecological service that facilitates many other species. We studied how the Pileated Woodpecker (Dryocopus pileatus) uses suburban areas. From 2009 to 2013, we used radio-telemetry to determine the annual home range size and habitat use of 13 individuals in 9 suburbs that varied in their level of urbanization (ranging from 5% to 90% forest remaining). We used concentration of use and resource utilization functions to examine vegetative characteristics used by woodpeckers at relatively large (i.e. 1 km2) and more local (i.e. 1/3 ha) scales. The average home range of suburban Pileated Woodpeckers was significantly smaller than expected based on previous studies. Pileated Woodpeckers concentrated their use of the landscape in native coniferous and deciduous forest, as well as in lightly and moderately urbanized areas. Highly urbanized areas were seldom used. For males, resource use increased with increasing mean diameter of dominant hardwood species. Our results suggest that maintaining forest cover above 20% and retaining large deciduous trees and snags in public green spaces and yards may improve the suitability of suburban areas for woodpeckers and the biodiversity that they facilitate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The argument of this essay is that Lefebvre's writings contain relevant contributions to understand the contemporary phenomenon of neoliberal urbanism and, at the same time, his politics of the possible can contribute to explain the restless urban struggles and spatial practices of social movements. We value the author's contribution from a comprehensive perspective, avoiding the usual fragmented way it has been used in the fields of public administration, organization and urban studies. Our reading follows Gadamer's notion of "the horizon of the question", which indicates that "we can understand a text only when we have understood the question to which it is an answer". Accordingly, the question posed asks for the contribution of Lefebvre's oeuvre to understand contemporary urban processes and to make visible possible futures objectively implied in processes of social struggles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Nutrición Clínica y Dietética Hospitalaria is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Dietetica y Ciencias de la Alimentacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Geographers, like any other social or human scientist, are constantly looking to establish new readings about the world and its inhabitants. They are in permanent challenges for the reason that world and inhabitant are changing and evolving. If the space, the city/urban and the subject all in common are a succession of heterogeneities producing territorialities occurring in an undefined way, geography must look for methods to unravel the labyrinths of it. Jèrôme Monnet proposes to grasp this complex plot in its dynamics to develop his own conception of space, an understanding that will form the theory of interpretation-planning of the urban space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Across the world, people in urban rather than rural areas are more likely to support gender equality. To explain this global trend, this article engages with geographically diverse literature and comparative rural-urban ethnographic research from Zambia. It argues that people living in interconnected, heterogeneous, densely populated areas are more likely to see women performing socially valued, masculine roles. Such exposure incrementally erodes gender ideologies, catalyzing a positive feedback loop and increasing flexibility in gender divisions of labor. Women in densely populated areas also tend to have greater access to health clinics and police and so are more able to control their fertility and secure external support against gender-based violence. The urban is not inevitably disruptive, though. Experiences of the urban are shaped by international and national policies, macroeconomic conditions, and individual circumstances. Through this comparative ethnography, this article contributes to literature on the drivers of change and continuity in gender ideologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ciência & Trópico (03042685) is the property of Fundacao Joaquim Nabuco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Qualitative Research in Education (2014-6418) is the property of Qualitative Research in Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transvestite and Transsexual (LBGT) social groups are historically shut out from public spaces because they are dissidents of heteronormativity. Therefore, a participant research was carried out with the purpose of analyzing the paths and experiences of these people in the intra-urban context of Quixadá-CE. It was considered the plot of the Northeast / Ceará "cabra da peste" and was shot the question "what is it like to be an LGBT in Quixadá? Another theoretical-methodological contribution is proposed for the approaches about the city and the urban connected with the phenomena that involve the historically stigmatized social groups; and to the problematic relations hip among space-genre-sexuality and dimensioning the concepts of territory and microterritorialities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dossier seeks to explore new paths about the contributions of ethnographic research to the knowledge of the relationship between artistic practices and urban space. Assuming a renewed commitment with a kind of ethnographic observation which is intimately engaged with the territories and communities that are the target of its research, the artists and artistic practices are mobilized as objects with an active role in the research processes about urban territories, exploring new heuristics and questioning the primacy of the investigator upon his research object. The contributions gathered explore different ways to do this approach, all of the three wagered in blurring the boundaries between artistic and ethnographic practices: using the artistic intervention as an active object of questioning and of reflexivity for the communities; using urban wandering and urban ethnographic observation as forms of mapping and understanding the artistic practices; and mobilizing ethnographic research as a way to establish in a detailed and thorough mode the experiences and practices of urban artistic protagonists and their relationship with the territories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Epidemiological studies have shown that children who grow up on traditional farms are protected from allergic diseases. However, less is known about if the environment influences the pharmacotherapy in these patients. Objective: To compare the treatment of asthmatic and rhinitis children from urban and rural areas in Medellín, Colombia. Methods: During one year, we follow up a group of children (6 to 14 years) with diagnostic of asthma or rhinitis living for more than five years in urban or rural area. A questionnaire with socio-demographic characteristics, pharmacotherapy treatments, was obtained each three months. Atopy evaluation, spirometry and clinical test for asthma and rhinitis severity were done at the beginning and one year later. Results: Eighty six point four percent patients completed the follow up (rural n: 134, urban n: 248). Patients in rural location required less salbutamol (p: 0.01), visit to emergency department (p <0.01) and have a less number of patients with FEV1 <80% (p: 0.05). For clinical control rural children require less pharmacotherapy than urban children (p: 0.01) and more patients with rhinitis (18% vs 8% p: 0.03) and asthma (23% vs 12% p: 0.01) in the rural group could suspended pharmacotherapy. Atopy (p <0.07) and poli-sensitization (p: <0.08) was a little higher in urban than rural area. We observe that poverty/unhygienic indicators were risk factors for higher levels of specific IgE among patients from urban area. Conclusion: Patients with respiratory allergies located in urban area require more pharmacotherapy and have less clinical response than rural children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Latin American & Caribbean Anthropology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)