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A novel biosensor working in both MOS capacitor and electric double-layer capacitor mode for real-time, label-free DNA detection is presented. The former mode measures density and polarity of charged biomolecules to be monitored, while the latter mode appears to reveal more of surface-molecule interactions and offers high sensitivity and easiness for diagnosis. A combined mode-utilization yields optimal complementary information of significance.

Randomly scattered depth profiles of refractive index are experimentally observed on thin silicon dioxide films on silicon substrates by means of conventional ellipsometry and gradually chemical etching. Computer simulations with an abrupt model and random uncertainties in ellipsometric angles Ψ and Δ show very similar behavior as experiments, and the distribution of the measured profile in the near interface region is in good agreement with 0.02° standard deviation in Ψ. Simulations also indicate that even very small errors in Ψ, as small as 0.001°, can result in divergent depth profile of the refractive index in the near interface region.

A new automatic blood collector developed by using microcomputer AT89C2051 is presented in this paper. Meanwhile its principles component block diagram and their functions' are introduced here. All clinical experiments have shown that it has the advantages of easy operation, reliable performance, lower price and so on. It is truly an ideal upgrade product of intravenous blood exampling. It would find various applications and would have a bright future.

We demonstrate an all-normal-dispersion ytterbium (Yb)-doped fiber laser mode-locked by a higher modulation depth carbon nanotube saturable absorber (CNT-SA) based on an evanescent field interaction scheme. The laser cavity consists of pure normal dispersion fibers without dispersion compensation and an additional spectral filter. It is exhibited that the higher modulation depth CNT-SA could contribute to stabilize the mode-locking operation within a limited range of pump power and generate the highly chirped pulses with a high-energy level in the cavity with large normal dispersion and strong nonlinearity. Stable mode-locked pulses with a maximal energy of 29 nJ with a 5.59 MHz repetition rate at the operating wavelength around 1085 nm have been obtained. The maximal time-bandwidth product is 262.4. The temporal and spectral characteristics of pulses versus pump power are demonstrated. The experimental results suggest that the CNT-SA provides a sufficient nonlinear loss to compensate high nonlinearity and catch up the gain at a different pump power and thus leads to the stable mode locking.

A new deformable mirror structure is presented, which mainly consists of a mirror, some transition layers, a preload structure and PZT actuators. Compared with the conventional deformable mirror, the new structure can smooth the surface shape and reduce residual errors, which are mainly affected by some structure parameters. The finite-element method is used to analyze the relationship between the structure parameters and the residual errors. The simulation results show that the structure parameters, including the diameter, thickness, and materials of transition layers and the stiffness of preload springs, can determine the residual errors. Based on the simulations, experimental comparisons between new and conventional deformable mirrors have verified that the new structure can effectively diminish residual errors. The new structure deformable mirror will play an important role in high power laser aberration correction.

It is well known that oocyte maturation consists of 2 processes: nuclear maturation and cytoplasmic maturation. Nuclear maturation refers to resumption of the first meiosis and extrusion of the first polar body (PB1), and cytoplasmic maturation is manifested as acquisition of the ability to complete pre-implantation development. Although it is recognised that energy supply is essential for oocyte maturation and there have been many reports on the effect of glucose metabolism on oocyte nuclear maturation, studies on the effect of glucose metabolism on ooplasmic maturation are limited. In the present study, goat oocytes recovered from slaughterhouse ovaries were cultured for 24 h in a simplified CR1 (sCR1) medium (NaCl, KCl, NaHCO3, CaCl2, BSA, and eCG) supplemented with glucose (10 mM) and/or lactate (3.5 mM) in the presence or absence of pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) inhibitor dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA, 100 μM) or glycolysis inhibitor iodoacetate (1 μM). At the end of maturation culture, oocytes with PB1 were either activated by treatment with ionomycin plus 6-DMAP to observe embryo development, or assayed for total glutathione concentrations (GSX) and reduced glutathione (GSH)/oxidized glutathione (GSSG) ratios. Embryos were cultured for 9 days in CR1aa medium (NaCl, KCl, NaHCO3, calcium lactate, sodium pyruvate, glutamine, EAA, NEAA, and FCS) at 38.5°C under 5% CO2 in humidified air. In the absence of inhibitors, oocyte maturation rates of 82, 65, and 76%, and blastocyst rates of 7, 0, and 7%, were obtained, respectively, after oocytes were matured in sCR1 supplemented with glucose, lactate, or both. When oocytes were matured in sCR1 containing glucose and lactate in the presence of DHEA or iodoacetate, oocyte maturation rates were 69 and 67%, respectively, with no blastocyst produced in either case. However, whereas the presence of DHEA produced 12% morulae, no morulae were observed in the presence of iodoacetate. Furthermore, GSX concentrations (pmol/oocyte) were 8.5, 6.5, and 7.2, whereas GSH/GSSG ratios were 1.8, 0.3, and 0.5, respectively, after oocyte maturation without inhibitors or with 300 μM DHEA or 3 μM iodoacetate. The difference in GSX concentration was statistically significant (P

The optimum conditions for the intracellular synthesis of the cyclic amino acid ectoine (1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2-methyl-4-pyridine carboxylic acid) were determined using the halotolerant Brevibacterium sp. JCM 6894. The amount of ectoine synthesized in cells was quantitatively determined after extraction from cells grown under various conditions, such as different external osmolarities, incubation times, and types and concentrations of nutrients in the medium. The optimum condition for the synthesis of ectoine was confirmed to be consecutive cell transfers accompanied with the changes in the medium osmolarity as follows; cells grown in the presence of 0.3 M NaCl were transferred to medium containing 1.5-2 M NaCl. After incubation for 18-24 h a second transfer of the cells to fresh medium containing 2-3 M NaCl was carried out and the cells were incubated for a further 12-24 h. The addition of 50-100 mM glucose or a high concentration of yeast extract in the medium resulted in an increase in the intracellular concentration of ectoine as well as of the cell yield. The growth medium affording the highest ectoine productivity of strain JCM 6894 consisted not only of 2 M NaCl but also Polypepton (10.0 g/l), yeast extract (5.0 g/l), and glucose (9.0 g/l) as nutrients. The highest yield of ectoine, 800 mg/l culture, was obtained using the optimum medium and one osmotic upshock. This yield corresponded to about an 8-fold increase compared to that obtained using standard medium (2 M NaCl) without an osmotic shift. In addition, the ectoine which was synthesized in cells grown at high osmolarity was released well from the cells by osmotic downshock.

28 adult Min sows (3-7 parities), represented 9 sire families were selected to conduct the continual blood collection from the tail for two hours at the interval of ten minutes between 9:00-11:00 in the morning on the sixth day after the last mating. The content of progesterone was assayed by radio-immunological assay. The amplitudes of the secretion of progesterone were generated by the procedure of HORM fft. exe complied by the author. It is difficult to get a reasonable conclusion from the content analysis, because the content varied widely between different points of blood collection in single sow. After Fourier conversion, the heritability of amplitude for the fifth partial wave was high (h2 = 0.932); middle for the basal, 2nd and 3rd partial waves; lower for others. This supported the idea that prolific sows had more active secretion of progesterone in luteal cells. The coexist of low and high heritability components in amplitude of progesterone secretion showed that the activities of progesterone secretion were influenced by both the genetics and environments. The genetic correlation of basal, 1st, 5th partial waves were negative, the others were positive, with the litter size and litter size alive. It showed that the reproductive performance of Min pigs were not expressed perfectly, as the balance of secretion of progesterone did not reach the best. The genetic correlation of all partial waves with duration of estrus was negative which supported that the progesterone suppresses the estrus. The genetic correlation of 3rd, 5th partial waves were stronger than others, but selection for 5th partial wave would make high responses than the 3rd wave, because the genetic correlation of 3rd partial wave with litter size and litter size alive was positive, therefore, the more appropriats method of selection for progesterone was adopted, the better results would be achieved in the improvement of indirect selection response for litter size.

Postoperative reflux esophagitis is a common complication after partial removal of the esophagus and the whole gastric cardia for reconstruction through esophagogastrostomy. In 10 cases, the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) was preserved for a length of 2.05 +/- 0.33cm (mean +/- S) during partial esophagectomy for benign or malignant lesion at the middle and lower portion of the thoracic esophagus. The mean value of the LES pressures measured two weeks after operations was 2.40 +/- 0.64 kPa (18 +/- 4.8 mmHg) and the postoperative X-ray barium meal examination revealed no evidence of gastroesophageal reflux. Our study suggested that the preserved LES should effectively act as a functional barrier against the development of reflux esophagitis.

Presented here was current progress of the study of nuclear astrophysical reaction and decay at CIAE. We studied astrophysical 12N(p,γ)13O reaction through the measurement of the 12N(d,n)13O angular distribution in inverse kinematics. Our result is in agreement with that from the 14N(12N,13O)13C reaction and two shell model calculations. We also measured the angular distributions of single neutron transfer reaction of 7Li(6Li,7Li)6Li, and derived the reaction cross section for 6Li(n,γ)7Li by using the present spectroscopic factor. The astrophysical reaction rate is found to be higher by a factor of 1.7 than the value adopted in previous reaction network calculations. In addition, half-life of 147Sm in metal samarium and Sm2O3 was measured. No significant change has been observed within the experimental uncertainty.

Masticatory efficiency is one of the important indexes of judging masticatory function after dentures restored.The aim of this study was to measure and analyze masticatory efficiency of partial dentur wearers having one tooth left and complete denture wearers,by using a method of measuring msticatory crushed granules.The results showed that the crushed granules for partial denture wearers with one remaining tooth were smaller than that for complete ones.Therefore,partial dentures with a few remaining teeth were better than complete ones on effects.

167 cases of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis treated in Peking Union Medical College Hospital were analyzed. There was a significant difference between some of the clinical features of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in China and western countries. The age of onset in China was 10 to 20 years earlier than and the male to female ratio (4.6:1) was 2 times higher than those in the west. Average age of death was 47 years, being earlier than that in the west. Some specific clinical features for early clinical diagnosis were also discussed.

Lysozyme is a dominant member of the antibacterial complex of human saliva and has the potential to kill bacteria by direct lysis or by mechanisms (not completely understood) that are independent of its muramidase activity. The muramidase-independent bactericidal activity appears to depend upon its cationic character. Bacterial death may be due to inhibition of nutrient transport (eg. glucose) and disruption of membrane integrity. This review also describes common bactericidal mechanisms of several cationic peptides/proteins to support the cationic-dependent bactericidal model of lysozyme.

Upper esophageal sphincter dysfunction is a diseases of a altered esophageal motility characterized by muscular functional obstruction with cervical dysphagia as the main clinical manifestation. It is complicated sometimes by incidental aspiration. Pulmonary infection and even choking. The cricopharyngeal anatomically acts as the upper esophageal sphincter Uncoordinated contraction between cricopharyngeal and pharyngeal muscle could be one of the mechanisms for the development of cervical dysphagia. Cricopharyngeal myotomy has been used to treat functional disorder of the upper esophagus. The rationale for such procedure is to relieve functional obstruction by producing a wide "Opening door" for the upper esophagus. This paper presents 5 cases suffering from severe dysphagia treated with above mentioned procedure. The result is satisfactory that all patients became symptom. Free another female patient who did not undergo the operation has died of sudden choking. Authors concluded that cricopharyngeal myotomy is a simple but effective procedure for treating upper esophageal sphincter dysfunction.

The brittle fracture surfaces of titanium aluminide were investigated by the scanning tunneling microscope in the range of nanometers. The results showed that there were some river marks and/or fan patterns, ditches, dimples, and cleavage steps on the cleavage fracture surfaces. This was similar to that observed by the scanning electron microscope. The height and width of the cleavage step and the dimple size were in nanometer or quasiatomic scale.

The angular distribution of the 2H ( 6He,7Li n reaction was measured with a secondary 6He beam of 36.4MeV for the first time. The proton spectroscopic factor of 7Li ground state was extracted to be 0.42±0.06 by normalizing the calculational differential cross-sections with the distorted-wave Born approximation to the experimental data. It was discussed that the uncertainty of extracted spectroscopic factors from the one-nucleon transfer reactions induced by deuteron might be reduced by determining the volume integrals of imaginary optical potentials precisely.

A single dose (80 mg/kg) of diethylnitrosamine (DEN) was given orally to castrated female Wistar rats. One week after that one half of the animals were treated with diethylstilbestrol (DES) 3 mg/kg/once a week subcutaneously. The other half of the animals received no any hormone or hormone derivatives. The change of the liver cells in animals treated with DEN alone failed to progress beyond the stage of hepatocellular alterations in foci or neoplastic nodules within 8 months, while most of those animals which received DES treatment after DEN initiation developed hepatocellular carcinomas after 6 months. This result denotes that the DES exerts a definite promotive effect on DEN initiated liver cell carcinogenesis.

A serological mass survey was carried out in Wuzhou City in 1980, 1,136 IgA/VCA-positive persons being followed up for 4 years. Altogether 35 NPC cases were detected, of which 15 (43%) were in stage I and 17 (48.5%) in stage II, early cases (I + II) thus amounting to 91.5%. The detection rate of early cases was 2.9 times higher than in our outpatient clinic. IgA/VCA antibody could be detected 16-41 months prior to clinical diagnosis of NPC. We conclude that, if IgA/VCA-positive individuals are examined routinely once a year, NPC can be detected in the early stages of evolution. The annual detection rate of NPC in IgA/VCA antibody-positive individuals was 31.7 times higher than that of the annual incidence of NPC in the general population in the same age group, while during the 4-year follow-up period the incidence was 7.5 times higher than in the general population for the same age group. These results further indicate that EB virus plays an important role in the development of NPC, and that serological screening and follow-up studies are valuable for the early detection of NPC.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is etiologically closely connected to the Epstein Barr virus. NPC is the only carcinoma in man that can be diagnosed serologically. In the serum of patients with NPC characteristic antibody titres of certain viral antigens can be demonstrated during the disease. Conclusions regarding the success of treatment and on possible relapse can be deduced from these antibody titres. Criteria of histological differention for NPC prognosis are described, and the possible mode of infection is discussed. Since the disease also occurs in adolescents the treatment of a typical case of NPC is described.

Large doses of 5-fluorouracil, administered by slow intravenous drip, have proven to be very effective in the treatment of malignant trophoblastic tumors. From 1964 through 1975, 5-fluorouracil was used as a single chemotherapeutic agent in 173 cases of invasive mole and 139 cases of choriocarcinoma. This series of patients was further divided into Group A (212 cases) in which 5-fluorouracil was used as initial therapy, and Group B (100 cases) in which 5-fluorouracil was given to those who developed resistance to 6-mercaptopurine and/or to methotrexate. The overall remission rate in Group A patients was 98.4% for invasive mole and 93.0% for choriocarcinoma. In Group B patients the corresponding remission rate was 93.6% and 71.7%, respectively, indicating that 5-fluorouracil is effective in patients who develop resistance to other antimetabolic agents. The rate of recurrence among 213 patients achieving complete remission during follow-up was 1.4% (3 cases). All of the remaining 210 patients had survived for more than 5 years up to the end of 1981, and 96 patients (45.7%) had survived for more than 10 years. In comparison with other antimetabolites, 5-fluorouracil has the advantages of being more effective and less toxic, and can be administered through multiple routes. Therefore, it has remained the agent of first choice in the chemotherapy of malignant trophoblastic neoplasms.

This paper analyses, for the first time in China, the relationship between the data on climate (temperature and humidity) in the country, aflatoxin, hepatitis B and primary liver cancer mortality, by using the methods of geographical epidemiology and generalized factor analysis, and also approaches the characteristics of the geographical distribution of liver cancer in China from a climate-mould viewpoint. The authors come to the conclusion that climate is an important environmental condition that determines the differences in the distributions of liver cancer in different areas, and that aflatoxin B1 is one of the main carcinogenic factors of liver cancer.

The bone marrow puncture fluid of human multiple myeloma was inoculated subcutaneously in BALB/C/nu nude mice. After passage of the xenograft from nude mice in vitro, a murine malignant lymphosarcoma cell line was unexpectedly established, which was named NLB-SK. The murine NLB-SK cell line has been cultivated in vitro over 72 passages for 10 months. Repeated cryopreservation showed that the murine NLB-SK cell line revived satisfactorily. Based on cell biological characteristics the malignant transformation might be attributed to horizontal oncogenesis between human malignant tumor cells and nude mouse normal somatic cells.

WOS: 000345591500001, Using 1.06 x 10(8) psi(3686) events recorded in e(+)e(-) collisions at root s = 3.686 GeV with the BESIII at the BEPCII collider, we present searches for C-parity violation in J/psi -> gamma gamma and gamma phi decays via psi(3686) -> J/psi pi(+)pi(-). No significant signals are observed in either channel. Upper limits on the branching fractions are set to be B(J/psi -> gamma gamma) < 2.7 x 10(-7) and B(J/psi -> gamma phi) < 1.4 x 10(-6) at the 90% confidence level. The former is one order of magnitude more stringent than the previous upper limit, and the latter represents the first limit on this decay channel., National Key Basic Research Program of China [2015CB856700]; Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China [11079008, 11179007, U1232201, U1332201]; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [11205082, 11475090, 10935007, 11121092, 11125525, 11235011, 11322544, 11335008]; Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Large-Scale Scientific Facility Program; CAS [KJCX2-YW-N29, KJCX2-YW-N45]; 100 Talents Program of CAS; German Research Foundation DFG [Collaborative Research Center CRC-1044]; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Italy; Ministry of Development of Turkey [14-07-91152]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-04ER41291, DE-FG02-05ER41374, DE-FG02-94ER40823, DESC0010118]; U.S. National Science Foundation; University of Groningen (RuG); Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung GmbH (GSI), Darmstadt; WCU Program of the National Research Foundation of Korea [R32-2008-000-10155-0], The BESIII collaboration thanks the staff of BEPCII and the IHEP computing center for their strong support. This work is supported in part by the National Key Basic Research Program of China under Contract No. 2015CB856700; Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Contracts No. 11079008, No. 11179007, No. U1232201, and No. U1332201; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) under Contracts No. 11205082, No. 11475090, No. 10935007, No. 11121092, No. 11125525, No. 11235011, No. 11322544, No. 11335008; Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Large-Scale Scientific Facility Program; CAS under Contracts No. KJCX2-YW-N29, No. KJCX2-YW-N45; the 100 Talents Program of CAS; German Research Foundation DFG under Contract No. Collaborative Research Center CRC-1044; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Italy; Ministry of Development of Turkey under Contract No. DPT2006K-120470; Russian Foundation for Basic Research under Contract No. 14-07-91152; U.S. Department of Energy under Contracts No. DE-FG02-04ER41291, No. DE-FG02-05ER41374, No. DE-FG02-94ER40823, No. DESC0010118; U.S. National Science Foundation; University of Groningen (RuG) and the Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung GmbH (GSI), Darmstadt; WCU Program of the National Research Foundation of Korea under Contract No. R32-2008-000-10155-0.