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Rural housing in the Andes of Peru is precarious and does not protect communities from the ravages of cold temperatures. This problem has justified the development of projects to improve thermal behavior; however, they have not been developed massively due to their high cost and technical requirement. This article analyzes the thermal behavior of the housing in Colca Valley and offers improvements that can be implemented by the villager. It reviews climaticconditions, typological and constructive aspects of the dwelling and proposes strategies to improve energy efficiency that are evaluated through a dynamic simulation, and a comparative evaluation of costs. Due to precision limitationsof the software used, it is recommended that the results be complemented with other thermal simulation programs. It is concluded that the roof improvement has a greater impact on the thermal behavior, it decreases energy requirement in 23%; and applying all strategies, does it in 29%. It is recommended to applystrategies in a progressive way, giving priority to the night-time spaces, to achieve an affordable expense. La vivienda rural en zonas altoandinas del Perú es precaria y no apta para resistir las bajas temperaturas del clima. Se han desarrollado proyectos para mejorar el comportamiento térmico de las viviendas; pero no se han reproducido masivamente por su alto costo y el requerimiento técnico de mano de obra. Se busca analizar el comportamiento termo energético de la vivienda del Valle del Colca y ofrecer mejoras en la envolvente que puedan ser implementadas por el mismo poblador. Se analizan las condiciones climáticas, se evalúan escenarios de mejora térmica a través de simulaciones y se presenta una valoración comparativa de costos. Debido a limitaciones de precisión del softwareutilizado se recomienda complementar con otros programas de simulación térmica. Se concluye que el aislamiento interior del techo tiene mayor incidencia en el comportamiento térmico, disminuyendo la demanda energética en un 23%; y ejecutando todos los escenarios se logra disminuir en un 29%. Se recomienda aplicar las mejoras progresivamente, priorizando el espacio de estancia nocturna para minimizar costos.

Kerpiç eskiden beri farklı yapılarda duvar elemanı olarak yer almıştır. Doğal ve sürdürülebilir bir yapı malzemesidir. Bunun yanında kerpiç % 100 geri dönüşümlü ve atığı olmayan bir malzemedir. Kerpicin sağlıklı ve ekonomik olması, yöresel imkânlarla ve basit aletler kullanılarak kolayca üretilebilmesi, yapımında yüksek miktarda enerji kullanılmaması ve atmosfere CO2 gibi zararlı gaz salınımının hiç olmaması gibi önemli üstünlükleri vardır. Ancak suya ve basınca karşı dayanımı zayıftır. Geleneksel kerpicin basınç dayanımının zayıf olması ve suya karşı duyarlık göstermesi çağdaş yapı malzemelerinin karşısında tercih edilirliğinin azalmasına sebep olmuştur. Buna rağmen ekonomik olması sebebiyle kırsal yörelerde hala kullanılmaktadır. Günümüzde üretim ve inşaat sektöründe kullanımında çok az enerji harcayan ve daha az kirletici ortaya çıkaran malzeme ve teknolojiler için araştırmalar yapılmaktadır. Araştırmacıların ilgisi, endüstri dönemleri öncesi zamanlarda kullanılan geleneksel malzemelere yönelmiştir: yöresel bitkisel lifler ve toprak kompozitleri bu malzemelerden biridir. Bu nedenle kerpiç üretim sürecinde fiziksel ve mekanik özelliklerinin iyileştirilmesine yönelik çalışmalar yapılmalıdır. Araştırmalar kerpiç karışımına ilave edilen kimyasal ve lif içerikli katkıların, dayanım sonuçlarını iyileştirdiğini göstermektedir. Bu bağlamda bu tez çalışması kapsamında Trakya bölgesinde bir atık olarak ortaya çıkan yöresel ayçiçeği saplarının kerpiç malzemenin fiziksel ve mekanik özelliklerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla kerpiç malzemenin özelliklerinin iyileştirilmesine yönelik deneysel çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Ayçiçeği sapı ilavesiyle elde edilen numuneler üzerinde kuru birim hacim kütle, basınç dayanımı, eğilme dayanımı, su etkisiyle dağılma, ultrases geçiş hızı deneyleri ve SEM analizi yapılmıştır. Ayçiçeği saplarının sağlam bir yapıya sahip olması kerpicin basınç ve eğilme dayanımını arttırmıştır. Ayçiçeği saplarının lifleriyle toprağın oluşturduğu bağ sayesinde kerpicin suya karşı dayanımı da yükselmiştir. Yöresel ayçiçeği saplarının kerpiç malzemeye ilave edilmesi ile atık bir malzeme olan ayçiçeği sapları değerlendirilebilir. Bu atık malzemenin kullanımıyla çevrenin kirlenmesine sebep olan nedenlerinden bazılarının önlenebilmesi mümkündür. Ayrıca ekolojik bir yapı malzemesi olan kerpiç malzemeye doğal ve yöresel malzeme olan ayçiçeği sapları eklenerek mekanik özellikleri arttırılmış sürdürülebilir inşaat malzemesi elde edilmiştir. Bu şekilde kerpiç malzemenin özellikleri iyileştirilerek kullanımının yaygınlaşması da sağlanabilir. Adobe has been used as a wall element in different buildings since ancient times. It is an eco friendly and long-lasting construction material. Moreover, adobe is a wastefree and 100% recyclable material. It provides various advantages, including being healthy and cost-effective, being easily produced using local facilities and basic equipment, requiring little energy to create, and releasing no hazardous gases into the atmosphere, like as CO2 . However, its resistance to water and pressure is weak. Because of their low compressive strength and vulnerability to water, traditional bricks have lost its appeal in preference of contemporary construction materials. Despite this, because of its low cost, it is still widely utilized in rural regions. Nowadays, research is being performed on sustainable materials and technologies that consume very little energy and emit fewer pollutants when used in the production and building industries. The researchers are particularly focused on traditional preindustrial materials like earth composites and regional vegetable fibers. Because of this, research should be carried out to improve the physical and mechanical properties of adobe during manufacture. According to studies, adding chemicals and fiber to the adobe mixture enhances the strength outcomes. The impact of the local sunflower stalks, which are produced as waste in the Trakya region, on the physical and mechanical properties of the mud brick material was investigated in this context and within the scope of this thesis. Experimental studies have been conducted to improve the mudbrick material's properties for this purpose. The samples obtained with the addition of sunflower stalk performed tests for dry density, compressive strength, flexural strength, dispersion under the effect of water, ultrasonic transmission velocity tests, and SEM analysis. The strong structure of the sunflower stalks improved the adobe's compressive and bending strength. The fibers in the stalks of sunflowers have combined with the soil, enhancing the adobe's resistance to water. Sunflower stalks, a waste product, may be assessed by mixing it with local adobe material. Utilizing this waste material makes it feasible to prevent some of the causes of environmental contamination. Furthermore, by integrating adobe material, an environmentally friendly building material, with locally available sunflower stalks, a sustainable construction material with enhanced mechanical properties was produced. This means that adobe material's properties may be improved and its application range can be increased.

The south-east of the kingdom of Morocco, including the Tinejdad region at the south-east, has a remarkable earthen architecture. It is built by combining two techniques, that of rammed earth and that of adobe. This work is carried out with the aim of preserving and developing this ancestral know-how. The study is initially a characterization of the soil used for earthen construction in the region; the grain size and plasticity of the soil showed that it was not very clayey and moderately plastic (clayey sand) and it was suitable for earthen construction. The characterization also concerned the fibers traditionally used, namely wheat straw and barley straw. Secondly, the study focuses on the influence of different fibers, those mentioned above as well as sawdust and the crushing of barley straw on the mechanical characteristics of adobe in relation to its compressive strength and bending strength. Several fiber mass ratios were studied, and an improvement in compressive strength and bending strength was observed for the different fibers. The fibers have also provided a great improvement in the ductility of the adobe and a decrease in the modulus of elasticity. The optimal mass ratio of the fibers was 2% for the different fibers studied.

Ilustraciones, tablas El ladrillo de mampostería es uno de los materiales de construcción más utilizados en todo el mundo, lo que conlleva a una sobreexplotación de sus materias primas. Su producción consume gran cantidad de energía y tiene una alta huella ambiental. La industria de ladrillos de arcilla tiene la capacidad de adicionar residuos a su materia prima. Se ha reportado el uso de residuos del procesamiento del té, residuos de ladrillo, residuo de la industria del papel, residuos del beneficio de café, cenizas de carbón, entre otros. Una empresa de Colombia, productora de derivados de arcilla genera dentro de su proceso de producción 20 Ton/mes de ceniza de fondo de carbón (CFC), residuo que actualmente se envía a disposición final conllevando a sobrecostos. El objetivo de este estudio fue encontrar un posible aprovechamiento de este residuo dentro del mismo proceso productivo de la empresa en un contexto de economía circular como reemplazante de materia prima en la elaboración de ladrillos cerámicos. Para el desarrollo de este objetivo inicialmente se caracterizó la ceniza de fondo de carbón por Fluorescencia de Rayos X, difracción de rayos X, análisis de termogravimetría, granulometría laser, microestructura y tamaño de partícula; además, se determinó su densidad, pérdida al fuego y análisis ambiental de lixiviación de metales pesados. Por otro lado, se evaluó la incorporación de cenizas en la elaboración de ladrillos de arcilla, con porcentajes de reemplazo de arena con diferentes muestreos de ceniza en 0, 3, 5 y 7%; además 0, 2, 4,6 y 8%. Por último, se evaluaron las propiedades físicas, mecánicas y ambientales de los ladrillos. Como resultados de los ladrillos con adición de ceniza de fondo de carbón se obtuvo que la absorción de agua, la porosidad aparente, pérdida de peso por calcinación y gravedad específica aparente se incrementaron, mientras que la resistencia a la compresión, contracción total por secado lineal y la densidad aparente disminuyeron con la incorporación de cenizas en las muestras de ladrillos. Los ladrillos con mejor desempeño fueron los adicionados con el 4% de ceniza, ya que estos tuvieron un mejor desempeño en las propiedades evaluadas acorde a la normatividad de Colombia, por lo que este residuo presenta un gran potencial de ser valorizado en este material de construcción. (Texto tomado de la fuente) Masonry brick is one of the most widely used building materials in the world, which leads to an overexploitation of its raw materials. Its production consumes high quantity of energy and has a high environmental footprint. The clay brick industry has the ability to add waste to its raw material. The use of tea processing waste, brick waste, waste from the paper industry, waste from coffee mill, coal ash has been reported. A Colombian company, producer of clay derivatives, generates 20 tons/month of coal bottom ash (CBA) within its production process, a residue that is currently sent to final disposal with high cost overruns. The objective of this study was to find a possible use of this waste within the same production process of the company in a context of circular economy as a substitute for raw material in the production of ceramic bricks. For the development of this objective, coal bottom ash was initially characterized by X-ray Fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, laser granulometry, microstructure and particle size; In addition, its density, loss on ignition and environmental analysis of heavy metal leaching were determined. On the other hand, the incorporation of ash in the production of clay bricks was evaluated, with percentages of sand replacement with different ash samples at 0, 3, 5 and 7% and 0, 2, 4.6 and 8%. Finally, the physical, mechanical and environmental properties of the bricks were evaluated. As results of the bricks with the addition of coal bottom ash, it was obtained that the water absorption, the apparent porosity, loss of ignition and apparent specific gravity increased, while the compressive strength, total contraction due to linear drying and the apparent density decreased with the incorporation of ashes in the brick samples. The bricks with the best performance were those added with 4% ash, since these had a better performance in the properties evaluated according to Colombian regulations. Therefore, this waste has great potential to be recovered in this construction material. Maestría Maestría en Ingeniería-Ingeniería Ambiental Se propone una metodología que consiste en 6 etapas fundamentales. La primera etapa consiste en la búsqueda bibliográfica relevante del tema a investigar, después se procede a caracterización físico química, mineralógica y ambiental del residuo (2 y 3 etapa), en la etapa 4 se procede a fabricar los ladrillos con adición de las CFC teniendo en cuenta las condiciones de operación en la empresa con respecto a cantidad de materias primas disponibles. Para la etapa 5, se determinarán parámetros de calidad y ambientales de los ladrillos para definir parámetros óptimos. Por último, en la etapa 6 se procede analizar resultados y escritura de informe final además de socialización a la comunidad académica Aprovechamiento de residuos Ingeniería.Sede Palmira

The main objective of this work is to find a material that attenuates heat transfer and provides an acceptable indoor environment in the habitat of countries with a hot and dry climate like Burkina Faso. The absence of thermal regulations in Burkina Faso leads to the development of buildings constructed with materials that do not provide thermal comfort. This study therefore aims to compare the thermal performance of local materials such as BLT, BTC, concrete block and adobe in order to propose a material adapted to the hot climate. In this work, a modelling and simulation is conducted with the COMSOL software. The modelling is done on a building of dimensions 4m×3m×3m, built successively with cut laterite block (BLT), compressed earth block (BTC), hollow concrete block, and adobe. As for the simulation, it concerns the evolution of the internal and external temperature of the building. The heat flows on the Northern and Southern sides are neglected due to the overhang of the roof. The results obtained show that the cell built with BTC allows a 4°C reduction, the one built with BLT a 2°C reduction and the one built with adobe a 1.5°C gain compared to the one built with concrete block. Thus, the material that best meets the criteria is BTC.

Neem fibers are traditionally added as reinforcements in adobes. Laboratory experiments including, compressive strength, three-point bending strength, water absorption, erosion and thermal conductivity were carried out on adobes made with soil and reinforced with two neem fibers types (straw and leaves) at 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4%. It has been found that mechanical, thermal, and durability properties of adobes were globally improved. Furthermore, leaves neem fibers contribute strongly in comfort thermal, but their use has a negative effect on durability. Nevertheless, adobes reinforced with neem fibers are suitable as building materials with substantial thermal comfort and environmental benefits.

Student can master the materials by doing the problems repeatedly. A media enables students work on varied random problems is necessary. This study aimed to provide valid, practical, and effective learning media. This research was a development research, involving 64 junior high school students in Yogyakarta. The instruments used in this study were expert validation sheets, questionnaires, and tests. The data was analyzed using a quantitative descriptive statistical analysis. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze data from students' tests. Meanwhile, descriptive qualitative was to describe the data of suggestions and comments from the validators for improvement. The results of expert validation for the media aspect achieved a very feasible category, while the material aspect also reached a very feasible category. Besides, the questionnaire results on student responses to learning media were also classified as a very practical category. The students' scores met the minimum criteria of mastery learning, meaning that the learning media achieved a very effective criterion. The results of this study imply that learning media can be used as an alternative in improving student learning outcomes.

At present, adobe houses with traditional characteristics are still widely used in rural areas in western China, but their seismic performance is relatively poor, and they often suffer serious damage under earthquake. To improve the seismic performance of traditional adobe buildings while retaining the characteristics of residential buildings, the mechanical properties of compressed earth blocks (CEB) were tested in this study, and the microstructure characteristics of CEB after failure were analyzed by electron microscope. On this basis, six adobe wall specimens were designed and tested by quasi-static loading to investigate the influence of core columns and different types of bricks on its seismic performance. The results show that the core column can improve the bearing capacity and shear capacity of hollow CEB, and it can also significantly increase the bearing capacity, energy dissipation capacity, and ductility of CEB wall. In general, the adobe wall with core columns shows excellent seismic performance, which can provide a new choice for improving the seismic performance of the adobe house.

Knights Fantasy Online is a massively multiplayer online game with role-playing game genre. This game was developed using ActionScript 3.0 of Adobe Flash for client and Java for its server, while the design of the game was designed using Adobe Illustrator. This research is intended to make multiplayer online games using Adobe Flash. In this game, Players start their adventure in a world called Edenia as a knight from a kingdom called Aurum, the player is in charge of controlling the population of monsters. Players can take on quests, collect equipment and improve their character's ability. The game was tested by using Blackbox, alpha, beta and stress test. Through the results of a questionnaire distributed to 40 people. The test results shows that Knights Fantasy Online has an interesting gameplay, easy to understand and also has enough features as a massively multiplayer online game.

The importance of local building materials has long been a significant point in all communities for thousands of years. It is well established that local materials form the backbone of construction in societies as they are the best response to the region's climate conditions. This study aims to determine the advantages and disadvantages of utilizing local materials in building construction. Specifically, it focuses on analyzing adobe bricks and examines whether it is suitable for the modern times. Saudi Arabia, a country that extensively relied on petroleum to flourish, is re-establishing itself by introducing the Saudi Vision 2030, a call of action to rely on available sustainable assets to develop the country. In this context, this research intends to demonstrate how promoting local materials' usage in construction would correspond with the vision's aims. This paper attempts to raise awareness about the local alternatives available and encourage utilizing them rather than the conventional building materials widely used, which are often not entirely suitable for Saudi Arabia's harsh desert climate. To further support this research, historical research proved that buildings built with local materials had withstood the test of time. This paper explores adobe as a case study because it is a unique building material in its style and sustainability. The intensive research results revealed that adobe bricks are a versatile material that gives different characteristics depending on the mixture of materials used to make them. On this basis, this paper examines the advantages and disadvantages of adobe bricks while proposing potential solutions to overcome the drawbacks.

INTRODUCCIÓN. Los estudios de vulnerabilidad sísmica a gran escala, que arrojan resultados más precisos, requieren mayores datos de entrada que caractericen las edificaciones del área de estudio. Ante ello el presente trabajo se ocupa de la caracterización geométrica del patrimonio edificado tradicional del Centro Histórico de Cuenca (CHC)-Ecuador, constituido por edificaciones de adobe y de ladrillo. OBJETIVO. Establecer rangos de variación para los parámetros geométricos dimensionales y un catálogo de edificaciones de adobe y de ladrillo típicas, con miras a su modelización numérica. MÉTODO. La variabilidad de los parámetros geométricos considerados se exploró mediante tres estrategias: 1) consultas en la Base de Datos Catastral de la ciudad; 2) revisión de tesis de arquitectura; y 3) revisión de expedientes de intervención en edificaciones del CHC. RESULTADOS. 1) Tabla de rangos de variabilidad de los parámetros geométricos de edificaciones de adobe y ladrillo, 2) Catálogo de seis edificaciones tradicionales típicas: tres edificaciones de ladrillo y tres edificaciones de adobe. DISCUSIÓN Y CONCLUSIONES. Debido a los descartes asumidos, la tipicidad capturada en el catálogo de edificaciones tiene un sesgo hacia las tipologías no intervenidas y plantas regulares; que, aun siendo un reto, es posible su modelación numérica en los actuales softwares de análisis sísmico de edificios de mampostería.

A relevant percentage of the world population lives in constructions made of sun-dried earth, which are built according to several techniques such as rammed earth, bahareque or adobe. This work spe...

Media pembelajaran berbasis multimedia interaktif menggunakan Adobe Flash dapat menjadi salah satu alternatif pilihan media khususnya pada saat adanya pandemi COVID-19 untuk menciptakan pembelajaran yang efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana penerapan media pembelajaran digital berbasis Adobe Flash di sekolah dasar dan dampak penggunaan media pembelajaran berbasis Adobe Flash. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kajian literatur dari penelitian terdahulu terkait media pembelajaran digital Interaktif Berbasis Adobe Flash. Hasilnya para peneliti terdahulu menemukan (1) media pembelajaran interaktif berbantuan Macromedia Flash yang dikembangkan cocok untuk digunakan dalam memahami informasi teks cerita (2) motivasi belajar siswa lebih tinggi dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran menggunakan Macromedia Flash (3) meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa

Asbads (Persian windmills) present a multifaceted view of using heritage science. These mills are no longer in use due to advances in technology and the advent of new grinding systems. Windmills show perfect harmony between vernacular architecture and mechanical system. This paper aims to review and analyze the mechanism of one of these windmills in Iran and illustrate how these historical buildings can bridge the gaps between these two science branches for better understanding of cultural heritage. To that purpose, a precise 3D modelling of mechanical components and architectural elements is provided based on architectural survey, photographs and sketches. This study addresses how vernacular architecture, with the specific flexibility, can be considered as one of the most useful tools for human beings. Thus, one of the Iranian windmills in Nehbandan was selected through field studies to be modelled. In this construction, local materials such as wood, adobe and stone are used. Findings reveal that windmills and their architectural flexibility are consistent with mechanical components and address environmental needs.

Fotografija inspirira i gradi svjetske trendove i društvene mreže, a samim time i moderno društvo. Njezin razvoj promijenio je shvaćanje svijeta. Omogućila je lakši i brži prijenos informacija te vizualizaciju činjenica, svijet se prestaje oslanjati samo na riječi i crteže. Taj razvoj utjecao je i na druge grane umjetnosti; grafički dizajn odbacuje skice, crteže i slike te počinje koristiti fotografiju i fotomontaže pomoću kojih izrađuje kolaže. Napretkom tehnologije, u grafičkom dizajnu prisutna je i pokretna grafika, a pojavom interneta i Internet stranica grafički dizajn prelazi u novu granu umjetnosti, web dizajn. U radu je istraženo kako se od jedne fotografije na filmu može dobiti plakat, pokretnu grafiku i dizajn Internet stranice koristeći moderne metode i programe. Photography inspires and builds global trends and social media, and thus modern society. Its evolution changed the understanding of the world. It enabled the easier and faster transfer of information and visualization of facts, the world stopped relying only on words and drawings. This development also influenced other branches of art; graphic design rejects sketches, drawings and paintings and begins to use photographs and photo montages to create collages. With the advancement of technology, motion graphics are also present in graphic design, and with the advent of the Internet and websites, graphic design is moving into a new branch of art, web design. The paper investigated how a poster, motion graphics and web page design can be created from one photo on film using modern methods and programs.

Media pembelajaran matematika merupakan tempat untuk menyalurkan berbagai informasi mengenai pembelajaran matematika dengan disusun dalam teknologi maupun dalam bentuk bacaan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan minat belajar siswa terhadap penggunaan media pembelajaran pada materi persamaan dan pertidaksamaan linear satu variabel dengan menggunakan Adobe Flash CS6. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif dengan sampel penelitian yang digunakan yaitu peserta didik kelas VII yang terdiri dari 18 orang peserta didik yang terdiri dari sekolah yang berbeda. Instrumen penelitian yang akan dipakai adalah instrumen non-test berupa angket minat belajar peserta didik, yang akan memuat 20 pernyataan dengan 4 kriteria penilaian. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil akhir dari penelitian bahwa media pembelajaran Adobe Flash CS6 memberikan respon positif terhadap minat belajar dari siswa dengan rata-rata persentase keempat kategori sebesar 80.47% dan tergolong sangat baik, dengan rincian persentase kategori perasaan senang sebesar 80.00%, kategori ketertarikan siswa sebesar 80.56%, kategori tanggapan siswa sebesar 81.11%, dan kategori keterlibatan siswa sebesar 80.21%. Sehingga media pembelajaran memberikan respon positif kepada siswa.

This research aims to develop learning media products based on Adobe Flash in Indonesian Language Courses in the Elementary School Teacher Education Study Program. This research was conducted through four main stages: define, design, develop, and disseminate. This study uses a questionnaire as a data collection instrument, adapting quantitative research methods with a quasi-experimental approach (quasi-experimental) at the implementation stage in this study. The data to be obtained in the study were collected through interviews, questionnaires, and product rating scales. This scale collected data at the product validity stage, small group trials, and primary field trials. The results of the development of learning media products using a 4D development model with seven main components. Based on the results of the feasibility validation obtained in the Expert test and the initial field test, the feasibility of the media and material the value obtained is "very high" or worth testing. Based on these results, Adobe Flash media was tested with the operational test stage, and it is known that the results were obtained at an attractive value of 3.52 in this category, "Very High" or perfect changes in student interest in learning.

– New outstanding Achaemenid monumental complex in the periphery of the Persian Empire. – Magnetometer and ERT prospecting of adobe mud-brick architecture. – Test excavation, soil magnetic studies on top soils, mudbricks and excavation profiles.

Introducción El presente estudio se centra en la producción de un cortometraje animado sobre el proceso de producción de la quinua. Hasta ahora, todos los esfuerzos se han dedicado a posicionar la quinua como un superalimento con gran potencial nutricional, sin embargo, se ha dejado a un lado su valor cultural e histórico. Objetivo Por lo cual, el objetivo principal del cortometraje es la revalorización de la quinua como grano ancestral, que pretende motivar su cultivo y consumo local desde este enfoque. Metodología En base a la metodología de Bruce Archer, que tiene tres fases; analítica, creativa, y ejecutiva, se inició recolectando información acerca del origen y producción de la quinua, mediante fichas de observación, entrevistas a expertos, productores de quinua y expertos en otras áreas. A partir de esta investigación, se desarrolló la historia “Quinua del viento”. Resultados La última fase se desarrolló, siguiendo las etapas típicas de la producción del cortometraje: pre-producción, producción, y pos-producción. Así, de la historia, se elaboró el guion y el storyboard, los cuales sirvieron como guía visual en la siguiente etapa. La segunda fase, se utilizó la técnica del Stop Motion. En esta etapa se diseñaron los personajes y ambientes, inspirados en indígenas y escenarios de la provincia de Chimborazo. Finalmente, se utilizó el Software de animación 2D “Adobe Premiere Pro” para la edición y retoque del cortometraje. Adicional a esto, se desarrolló la musicalización, el ritmo seleccionado fue el “Albazo”, por ser un género musical de la sierra ecuatoriana.

This study aims to produce Search and Booking Hotel Application in the city of Pagar Alam web-based which can facilitate Hotel Owners in managing data and also facilitate parties who want to get information quickly, and can be accessed anytime and anywhere. At Hotel in Kota Pagar Alam information about Hotel is currently still manual, namely visitors must come directly to Kota Pagar Alam Hotel to find information and see the condition of Hotel in Kota Pagar Alam so visitors need a long time to find information about Hotel , the purpose of making the application easier for users to search and book Hotel in the City of Pagar Alam so that users can more easily find information about the Hotel Pagar Alam. Data collection methods in this study use the method of interview, observation, documentation and literature study. The Sistem development method uses a waterfall with stages of analysis, design, coding and testing. This Sistem was developed using Adobe Dreamweaver CS3, PHP, MySQL, and Xampp applications. The results of the interim research in the form of Search and Booking Hotel applications in the City of Pagar Alam web-based

Purpose Earthen construction does not meet today’s requirements due to certain limitations such as low water resistance and its high vulnerability to cracking damage. The purpose of this study is to improve the mechanical properties and low durability of adobe blocks by incorporating date palm wastes as a natural reinforcement and lime as a stabilizer. Design/methodology/approach Soil from the region of Biskra in Algeria was mixed with sand and lime in suitable ratios. Then, date palm wastes were added to the previous mixture at different ratios (0.3%, 0.6% and 0.9%) by dry mix weight to manufacture adobes. Cubical and cylindrical specimens were prepared and tested in a laboratory to investigate the curing time, mechanical and durability characteristics of the formulated blocks. In addition, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests were used to identify the materials. Findings It has been observed that the addition of lime to the soil is very beneficial for its stabilization, in particular for an optimum of 12%. The presence of date palm waste in the mixture (soil + lime) generated a significant improvement in tensile strength reaching a rate of about 67%. The same observation was made for the tests of resistance to dry abrasion, resistance to erosion, attack by external sulphate and wetting/drying. However, for cases of compressive strength, water absorption and swelling an unfavorable effect was recorded. Originality/value Based on the above-mentioned findings, this paper presents a novel solution to increase the durability of adobe materials using date palm wastes with oven curing at 65°C for about nine days. Adopting such an approach would certainly encourage building durable mud housing on a large scale. This can contribute to solving the acute housing shortage, particularly in poor countries.

Adobe Valley and the Adobe Hills lie east of the Sierra Nevada in Mono County, California, and are within the Great Basin Floristic Province. The flora of Adobe Valley and the surrounding hills is influenced by the Great Basin Desert to the east, the Sierra Nevada to the west and the northern Mojave Desert to the south. Adobe Valley is surrounded by the Adobe Hills, Benton Range and Glass Mountain region, creating a circular closed basin with many small tributaries feeding into it. This topography contributes to the creation of a rare wetland complex, including alkali meadows, marshes, and lakes at the base of the hills, which represent some of the more botanically interesting terrain in the region. Prior to this study, the wetland complex of Adobe Valley had not been systematically investigated with regard to its botanical diversity. The vegetation types associated with the wetland complex are listed as threatened by the California Natural Diversity Database and face a number of conservation concerns including water pumping, overgrazing, and possible wind energy development. A total of 1525 herbarium specimens were collected within the study area over 59 days in the field from 2016 to 2018. The vascular flora of the Adobe Valley and Hills includes 397 minimum-rank vascular plant taxa, representing 194 genera and 61 families. Six taxa are only known from historical collections, 21 taxa are non-native and 27 taxa have conservation status. The results of the inventory are presented here in an annotated checklist, along with descriptions of vegetation alliances.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pengembangan media pembelajaran berbasis multimedia menggunakan Adobe Flash pada mata pelajaran matematika materi bangun ruang kelas V SD serta mengetahui kelayakan oengembangan media pembelajaran berbasis multimedia menggunakan Adobe Flash pada mata pelajaran matematika materi bangun ruang kelas V SD. Metode penelitian ini yakni pengembangan (R&D) dengan mengikuti langkah-langkah dari Tim Puslijatnov yang mengadopsi dari Borg & Gall. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah kelayakan media pembelajaran berbasis multimedia menggunakan Adobe Flash pada mata pelajaran matematika materi bengun ruang kelas V SD dilihat pada uji coba media dengan 6 orang siswa diperoleh skor persentase 90% dikategorikan “sangat layak” dan hasil respon siswa pada uji coba penggunaan media dengan 24 orang siswa diperoleh skor persentase 98% dikategorikan “sangat layak”.

Multimedia is one of the existing information technology products. Multimedia has the power to attract interest in which multimedia combines various media sources such as text, images, sound, animation, and video and so on. Multimedia can be used in the fields of marketing, industry, commerce, entertainment, and education. Therefore, the writer will make an animated video as a promotion for the Faculty of Computer Science at the University of Dehasen Bengkulu using the Adobe After Effects CS6 application and assisted by the Adobe Illustrator CS6 and Adobe Photoshop CS6 applications. With the creation of promotional media for the Faculty of Computer Science, University of Dehasen Bengkulu in the form of animated videos, it is intended that it can help or be an alternative to promote the departments are in the Faculty of Computer Science, University of Dehasen Bengkulu to the public.

A técnica construtiva do adobe é um método de alvenaria em que se utilizam blocos em terra crua que possui como principal matéria prima o solo. De maneira geral, esta técnica proporcionou grandes feitos na historia da humanidade e reproduz com legitimidade um método construtivo simples, de fácil acesso e sustentável. Esta técnica bioconstrutiva é uma proposta de investimento para vários estudos, pois é um método que acompanhou a história da engenharia e da arquitetura e é possível ser aperfeiçoado podendo ser feita de várias formas possíveis com diversos agregados. Este trabalho apresenta a técnica do adobe que é uma alternativa sustentável para construções artesanais, assim como a experiência com a técnica e a mudança de comportamento para a confecção dos blocos com diferentes proporções de fibra vegetal em sua constituição, sendo que esta adição é normalmente feita para auxiliar na capacidade de resistência mecânica do bloco. Este trabalho consiste na mescla de uma revisão narrativa e a reprodução da confecção da técnica, sendo a primeira baseada em livros, artigos, seminários e demais obras cientifica que abordam o tema de construções em terra crua com destaque na técnica adobe, abordando os principais pontos para a confecção dos blocos e comparando os modos de confecção. Palavras-chaves: construção em terra crua; adobe; bloco de terra crua. Abstract The constructive technique of adobe is a masonry method in which blocks are used on raw earth whose main raw material is soil. In general, this technique provided great achievements in the history of humanity and legitimately reproduces a simple construction method, easily accessible and sustainable. This bioconstructive technique is an investment proposal for several studies, as it is a method that has followed the history of engineering and architecture and it is possible to be perfected and it can be done in several possible ways with different aggregates. This work presents the adobe technique, which is a sustainable alternative for artisanal constructions, as well as the experience with the technique and the change in behavior for the making of blocks with different proportions of vegetable fiber in their constitution, and this addition is usually made to assist in the mechanical strength of the block.This work consists of a mixture of a narrative review with empirical preparation, the first being based on books, articles, seminars and other scientific works that address the theme of constructions on raw earth with emphasis on the adobe technique, addressing the main points for the making of the blocks and drawing a comparison about this production. Keywords: raw earth construction; adobe; block of raw earth.