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An investigation was carried out to study the performance of 28 hybrids of bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria mol. stand) through diallel mating design excluding reciprocals. Observations were recorded on the traits, viz., number of primary branches per vine, days to 50% flowering, node number at which first female flower appears, days to initiation of first female flower, number of fruits per vine, days to first fruit harvest, fruit weight, fruit size, hundred seed weight, flesh thickness, vine length and fruit yield per vine besides quality traits such as moisture content and TSS content in the fruit. Among the 28 hybrids of bottle gourd studied, thecross ‘PSPL X Pusa Naveen excelled in yield per vine, followed by the crosses ‘DBG-5XPusa Naveen. Thus, first generation hybrids can be well-utilized for exploiting hybrid vigour to achieve improved quality. more...

Covid-19 has had a very massive impact on the lives of the people and the economy. This study attempted to look at the vegetable markets in Punjab for 14 weeks, from the first week of March to the second week of June 2020. The data were collected for four main vegetables of the Rabi crop, namely capsicum, bottle gourd, brinjal, and potato, for which the data was taken from the agmarknet website. A total of 115 mandis were covered, and the data for arrivals and prices were taken for this period. The results showed that leaving bottle gourd, the output for all the other three crops went down. In the case of bottle guard, the arrival went up by 10.6 percent, whereas for brinjal, it went down by 30.1 percent, capsicum by 16.5 percent, and potato by 44.4 percent. The weighted average for the price was taken to calculate the loss from the sales. It was noticed that in absolute terms, the loss was to the tune of 23.8 crores than the previous year. A look at the total traded volume for this period, and the loss came out to be around 23.5 percent of the losses have just come from these four crops. © 2021 The Society of Economics and Development, except certain content provided by third parties. more...

Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) causes serious damage to cucurbit crops worldwide and can be spread by aphids, by mechanical injury, and in seeds. With the popularization of cucurbit grafting, the use of susceptible rootstock has increased the risk of ZYMV infection in cucurbit crops. In China, the bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) is a widely used rootstock in grafted watermelon production. However, few resistant bottle gourds are available commercially. This study developed bottle gourd lines resistant to ZYMV using ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) mutagenesis. A new mutated bottle gourd population (M1) was generated by treating seeds with EMS. Diverse phenotypes were observed in the seedlings, flowers, and fruit of M2 plants, some of which are of potential commercial interest, such as dwarfing and different fruit shapes. Based on the M2 phenotypes, 106 M3 lines were selected and screened for resistance to ZYMV by mechanical inoculation and agroinfiltration. Nine M3 lines were resistant to ZYMV during three tests. One inbred M4 line (177-8) was developed and showed stable resistance and no virus when tested using a double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction. These resistant lines are promising materials for developing watermelon rootstock and exploring resistance genes as new ZYMV-resistant resources. EMS induction could be a practical strategy for creating resistant cucurbit crops. more...

An experiment was carried out to analyze genetic variability for yield and its contributing characters in 35 bottle gourd genotypes in randomized block design with three replications to assess the nature and magnitude of association among yield and its contributing traits in bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria). Results indicated that PCV and GCV were high (more than 20%), sex ratio for PCV was 34.19 % and GCV registered as 24.79 per cent, respectively. Moderate PCV (14.28,16.10) and GCV (13.78,13.43) were recorded for vine length and primary branches, respectively. The high genetic advance as per cent of mean along with high heritability was obtained for vine length (0.93%), fruit length (0.87%), fruit width (0.76%), primary branches (0.69%), fruits per vine (0.59 %), sex ratio (0.52%), fruit yield (0.44%), days to first female flower anthesis (0.42%), node at first female flower appears (0.41%), days to first harvest (0.40%), fruit thickness (0.37%), days to first male flower anthesis (0.37%), fruit weight (0.35%) and node at first male flower appears (0.20%). more...

The present investigation was carried out with the objective to study the combining ability of parents and hybrids for growth, earliness and yield parameters in bottle gourd. General combining ability effects of parents and sca effects of crosses were highly significant for the characters studied. The parents Bot.G-4, Bot.G-7 and Kolkata Collection are the good general combiners for fruit yield per vine. The line Bot.G-6-2 exhibited significant and maximum gca effects for vine length and number of branches. The line Kolkata Collection showed maximum and significant gca effects for days to first female flower, days to first harvest and sex ratio. Tester Samrat exhibited significant gca effects for vine length, number of branches, nodes up to first female flower, sex ratio and fruit yield per vine. Among crosses, the cross Bot.G-6-2 X Arka Bahar exhibited significant sca effects for vine length and fruit yield per vine. While the cross Bot.G-6-1 X Samrat showed significant sca effects for days to first female flowering and days to first harvest. The cross Bot.G-6 X Samrat exhibited maximum and significant sca effects for nodes up to first female flowering and sex ratio. It is evident that gca or sca effects in parents or hybrids were in desirable for some other traits. Therefore it is important to ascertain the status of parent or hybrid with respective to combining ability effects over a number of component characters. more...

In this study, the effects of different carrier agents like maltodextrin, whey protein isolate, and soy protein isolate on the laboratory preparation of spray-dried bottle gourd powder were studied... more...

Effectiveness of the Hydrocolloid Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) on Bottle Gourd Juice was investigated in this study. The influence of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) on the colloidal stability of cloudy Bottle Gourd juice has been studied. Concentrations of CMC from 0.1–0.4% completely inhibited juice clarification. Juices with CMC were more stable.Characterization of rheology is important for clarification of the product and storage.Use of hydrocolloid was only to enhance viscosity and creating gel structure of juice.Temperatures ranging from 5-35ºC were used in carrying out the experiments . The purpose of this research was to study the clarification, quality improvement and shelf life of Bottle gourd juice. more...

To assess the prevalence and severity of bacterial leaf spot on bottle gourd and pumpkin, a survey was conducted in Hamirpur, Una and Bilaspur districts of sub tropical zone of Himachal Pradesh, India during the years 2018 and 2019. Data were recorded in terms of disease severity and fruit rot incidence. The associated pathogen from bottle gourd and pumpkin was isolated on nutrient sodium chloride agar medium and identified on the basis of morphological, biochemical and pathogenicity tests on bottle gourd and pumpkin seedlings. Disease was found to be prevalent at all the locations surveyed exhibiting a mean disease severity from 24.70 to 87.55 and 5.30 to 52.92 per cent in bottle gourd and pumpkin, respectively. Fruits of bottle gourd were recorded to be affected badly exhibiting a mean fruit rot incidence of 10.23 to 95.32 to per cent, while, no fruit rot incidence was recorded in pumpkin fruits. The colonies of the isolated bacterium were mucoid, circular, smooth textured and yellow in colour having a diameter of 2-4 mm. The pathogen was found to be Gram–ve and tested positive for esculin hydrolysis as well as protein digestion test. During pathogenicity tests, incubation period of 2 and 4 days was recorded on bottle gourd and pumpkin, respectively. Based on these studies, the identity of the pathogen was confirmed to be Xanthomonas cucurbitae(ex Bryan) Vauterin et al. more...

Bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) is an important food, medicinal, and utilitarian crop with a large pan-tropical distribution. Two morphologically different types in the siceraria subspecies are sufficiently different to be considered as varieties, but they are assigned into different taxonomic ranks. Genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) of 95 different accessions from the Nangui Abrogoua University collection was used to confirm the varietal status in bottle gourd. This analysis produced 22 575 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Cluster analyses conducted with 2250 (9.96%) SNPs distinctly separated hard-shelled from soft-shelled types. Analysis of 23 SNPs located in 11 genes coding for traits that differentiate the two types of gourds revealed that genes in the soft-shelled types had about 21% fewer SNPs than genes within hard-shelled gourds, but the latter had more non-synonymous SNPs. Cluster analyses conducted with the 23 SNPs fitted well with the structure defined by the 2250 SNPs, suggesting the implication of these SNPs in the varietal differentiation of bottle gourd. These nucleotide changes along with the genetic relationships between the accessions provide molecular proof supporting the status of two varieties. To prevent the confusion inherent in the use of synonyms and homonyms in bottle gourd, we suggest the terms hard-shelled and soft-shelled to designate, respectively, the varieties used as utensils and those grown for their edible seeds. more...

The study was conducted to reveal various seedling production scenario on floating beds including environmental aspects associating seedling production. Data of various seeding production were collected from total 50 households (HHs) of two villages at Nazirpur Upazila in Pirojpur district of Bangladesh by a pre-tested survey questionnaire. The study showed that 68% farmers did seedling production for business purpose, and 30% as both own and business. During floating cultivation on beds about 50% farmers used their own producing seed and 26% from market. The farmers cultivated 21 different types of vegetables and spices seedlings where highest number of seedling was Bottle gourd (19.11%) followed by Papaya (13.82%) and Chili (12.60%). They used urea as a common fertilizer on floating bed which enriched by TSP (46%) and DAP (40%) during cultivation. It was observed that 32% farmers did seedling cultivation solely as own source of money while 26% got the help from NGOs. After end of the cultivation, 25% beds were sold as compost fertilizer for winter cultivation, 5% were used as own field and 17% farmers utilized the fertilizer as both business and own purpose. The study also revealed that, about 64% of respondent farmers were not suffered by any environmental complications. Adopting modern agrotechnology and minimization of initial cost through subsidy can make this traditional Vasoman Chas has a sustainable agricultural practice. SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 239-250 (2020) more...

A study was conducted in bottle gourd to estimate the magnitude of heterosis for yield and its thirteen yield related components. Twenty one bottle gourd hybrids generated from 7 × 7 diallel cross (excluding reciprocals) along with their seven parents evaluated in a Randomized Block Design with three replication at at the Olericulture Division of Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur, Bangladesh during 2018-19. Most of the crosses showed significant heterobeltiosis for earliness. The highest heterobeltiotic effect was observed in the cross P2XP7 and P4XP7. The best heterotic cross for fruit length was P4XP5. Maximum heterotic effect in respect of fruit number per plant was found in the cross P1XP6 and P4XP6. In terms of yield per plant the highest heterobeltiosis was shown by the crosses P3XP4, P3XP5, P4XP5 and P4XP7. In the overall analysis, both additive and non-additive gene actions were found important with predominance of the additive gene effects in the inheritance of bottle gourd. more...