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Nuraghe S'Urachi is a monumental architectural complex in West Central Sardinia that was probably first built in the Bronze Age and remained occupied continuously into the early Roman Imperial period. It has been the object of systematic and large‐scale archaeological investigations in three different phases since 1948 when the first excavations revealed a complex building within a massive defensive wall and multiple towers. Intermittent fieldwork between the 1980s and 2005 subsequently showed that the central nuraghe might comprise up to five principal towers. In 2013, a new collaborative research project, sponsored by Brown University and the Municipality of San Vero Milis, brought together a multidisciplinary research project to investigate this important archaeological site. In this framework, multi‐frequency and multi‐coil electromagnetic measurements (FDEM) and Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) were carried out in 2018, 2019, and 2020, over and close to the nuraghe towers, to gain a better understanding of the inner part of the main structure and to investigate the surrounding area that was intensively settled in Phoenician and Punic times. The preliminary results of the geophysical measurements provide new and interesting evidence that supports new hypotheses and suggests possible future archaeological and geophysical strategies to investigate the unexcavated part of the archaeological site of S'Urachi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To study for the first time the incidence of adult-onset CNS tumors in Southern Sardinia, Italy. Methods: Clinical records of patients > 18 years old who were diagnosed with primary CNS tumors during 2016–2019 in the study area were reviewed. Meningiomas, cranial/paraspinal nerve tumors, lymphomas, and pituitary tumors were excluded. Cases were classified according to the 2016 WHO classification of CNS tumors and to the morphology codes from the International Classification of Diseases—Oncology, third edition. Age-adjusted incidence rates were calculated by the direct method to the 2011–2020 European standard population. Kulldorff's spatial scan statistic was used to identify geographic clusters of patients who shared increased/decreased tendency to develop CNS tumors. Results: CNS tumors were diagnosed in 234 incident patients, but histological diagnosis was available in 222/234 patients (95%) aged 64.3 ± 13.5 years at diagnosis. Crude incidence rate was 7.1 per 100,000 persons-year (95% CI, 6.2–8.1), 6.2 per 100,000 persons-year (95% CI, 5.4–7.0) when age-adjusted. CNS tumors were more frequent in men and after age 40. Glioblastoma accounted for 76% of the total (adjusted rate, 4.7 per 100,000 persons-year; 95% CI, 4.0–5.4). Spatial analysis revealed geographic variations of glioblastoma incidence within the study area. Conclusion: Although the distribution of tumor diagnoses in Sardinia reflects expected age and gender-related patterns in western populations, our findings would indicate a slightly higher incidence of glial tumors, glioblastoma in particular, in Sardinia than in other European countries. The identification of spatial clusters of high/low risk will serve as a resource for etiological research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The recent initiatives aimed at promoting the recognition of the Sardinian archaeological heritage has generating two proposals included in the Tentative List: the "Domus de Janas", with surprising decorative elements, and the Nuragic civilization whose typological emblem, the nuraghe, is represented by the examples more significant. Both proposals concern the entire territory of Sardinia: here it is precisely archaeological architecture that constitutes the most recognizable asset with the most powerful meaning. Using the observation point of the Superintendency which participates in the process as territorial articulation of Ministry of Culture, it will be examine: - the legal status of the assets and the protection regime in place; - the conservation and maintenance projects made so far and for the future; - the state of accessibility to Heritage. The aims is to arrive at the drafting of a kind of state of the art and the guidelines for the recognition procedure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the paper is to discuss the phenomenon of the re-use of Nuragic sacred wells (pozzi sacri) during the Punic period (c. 500-238 BC) in Sardinia. Although the Nuragic settlement system and power structures ceased to exist by the Late Iron Age, the sanctuaries - built primarily in the Final Bronze Age (c. 1200/1150-900 BC) and the Early Iron Age (c. 900-750 BC) - were still used for ritual purposes, as demonstrated by finds from the sacred wells of Orri (Arborea), San Salvatore (Gonnosno) and Cuccuru Is Arrius (Cabras). This phenomenon is analyzed in the context of cultural changes which took place in Sardinia during the period of Carthaginian domination, such as the emergence of hybridized culture with indigenous and Punic elements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Chronica Mundi is the property of Chronica Mundi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chronica Mundi is the property of Chronica Mundi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this article, we engage with women's creativity in musical expression/oral tradition after the Second World War in Sardinia. We analyse three case studies that extend to the present, examining music and poetry, domains which are still today typically dominated by men. In each, we look at the ways in which women creatively navigate their gendered identities through musico-linguistic expressive practices and language reclamation. We take music and poetry as a central part of social praxis, and where praxis is deeply intertwined with gender norms, roles and social expectations. The women artists we focus on are cultural innovators who have chosen music and poetry as a forum for creative expression within a specific canon that, despite the many social changes introduced across Sardinia and Italy since World War Two, continues to be largely dominated by men. The performers we examine range from extremely well-known in Sardinia and abroad, to known in one micro-region of Sardinia. While they have been artistically influential, the scales at which we examine their influence differ greatly. Thus, simply through navigating and existing within these genres, the Sardinian artists examined here - Maria Carta, Dolores Biosa and Franzisca Manca - are expanding the definitions of what it means to be a Sardinian woman, artist, singer, politician and performer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chronica Mundi is the property of Chronica Mundi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Studia Historica. Historia Medieval is the property of Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The phenomenon of changing street names in accordance with recent antiRisorgimento revisionism has arrived in Sardinia. This development, parallel to the rise of mainland neo-Bourbonism, explains the nascent local desire to change the names of streets dedicated to the Savoy dynasty and to remove some monuments that commemorate the historical role played by the family in the island’s history. Alongside this development, a distorted myth of the Sardinian Kingdom has emerged without any supporting documentary evidence. In this way medieval autonomy is exhumed and mythologized, while the fusion with Savoyard Piedmont, and even national unity itself, are demonized as if it were a colonial conquest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Archeologia Medievale: Cultura Materiale, Insediamenti, Territorio is the property of All'Insegna del Giglio s.a.s. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper tackles a topic related to the use of prime material and recycled materials in construction, in the framework of the circular economy, where recycled aggregates can be considered, in part or even totally, as second prime materials for the construction sector. In particular, the authors describe the main phases of the MEISAR project, developing a circular cluster territorial model so that the quantity of recyclable materials can be estimated and geolocalized in the most appropriate processing plant, as well as assessing the potential market. In the study we combine spatial planning problems and industrial location factors of natural and recycled aggregates and concrete production plants through the geospatial representation of the MEISAR map. The closed market of Sardinia is analyzed and, in particular, the case study of the new soccer stadium in Cagliari, which involves the demolition of the existing stadium that will represent a source of "secondary" raw materials for the construction of the new stadium designed by the consortium Sportium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The island of Sardinia is well known for its Late Neolithic and Copper Age underground rock-cut tombs that were used over generations for collective burials. Many tombs were decorated to resemble house interiors and cemeteries are often referred to as villages of the dead. Research so far has focused on excavating stratigraphic contexts within some of these monuments, or on typological classifications of tomb plans and wall decorations, but the landscape context of the cemeteries and their relationship to settlements have been overlooked. The article presents the results of two seasons of survey in Ossi (north-west Sardinia), focusing on two major cemeteries (Mesu 'e Montes and S'Adde 'e Asile). Combining fieldwalking, mapping and 3D recording techniques, the survey provides a comprehensive documentation of the cemeteries (from the underground architecture of individual tombs to their landscape setting) and yields evidence of prehistoric settlements in their vicinity. The article discusses the topographic and visual relationships between the tombs and the residential areas and how they may reflect social interactions between the living and the dead in late prehistoric Sardinia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The wollastonite–garnet–diopside-bearing marbles cropping out in the Migmatite Complex west to the Tamarispa and San Lorenzo villages share a common metamorphic and deformational history with the surrounding migmatite, with metamorphic peak conditions between 650 and 850 °C. Within the marble, there is an interesting and rare garnet mineralization. The peculiar characteristic and geological–cultural and touristic attraction of this geosite is the presence of large garnet crystals (up to 20 cm). The whitish rock matrix is characterized by coarse-grained rock-forming minerals (mainly wollastonite, calcite, diopside and subordinately pectolite, quartz, plagioclase, epidote, apatite, titanite) with a compositional layering and a weak foliation (S2 schistosity), parallel to that of the surrounding gneiss and migmatites. At the outcrop scale, the giant garnet crystals often show a brown core in high relief surrounded by a darker rim with less relief. Under conservation state, the wollastonite–garnet–diopside-bearing marbles show an evident differential alteration with dissolution processes of the matrix and an increasingly pronounced enucleation of the garnet crystals. The Tamarispa outcrop with spectacular giant garnet crystals is here proposed as a new, potential geosite relevant for didactic, cultural, and touristic purposes. Conservation and valorization aspects are discussed within the more general framework of the geological, natural, and environmental resources of the local territory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The establishment of Island Studies within the academe and the introduction of concepts such as 'islandness' and 'islandscape' have accompanied a general rethinking of the concept of insularity which encompasses the reflection over a cinematic representation of islands and islanders. The use of islands as cinematic landscapes and settings has reinforced cultural, mythical, and identity stereotypes associated with the island imagery built-up in literature, as well as the construction of the islander as a character exhibiting specific behavioural features. The film Cainà. L'isola e il continente (Gennaro Righelli, 1922) is emblematic insofar as it is the first feature film shot in Sardinia and its character is not just a symbol of feminine rebellion against a patriarchal society, but it also serves as an allegory of an unspoiled island, such as it was considered and depicted at that time. As islanders ourselves, we have wondered to what extent Cainà adheres to the stereotypes of islandness and insularity conventionally ascribed to islands and, in this specific case, to Sardinia. Our paper aims to examine the genesis of the Sardinian insular imagination through the lens of the cinematic construction of 'islanderness' and 'islanderscope', an assortment of agency representing islanders -- and islands -- on screen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Connections between Plio-Pleistocenic tectonic activity and geomorphological evolution were studied in the Pardu Valley and Quirra Valley (Ogliastra, East Sardinia). The intensive Quaternary tectonic activity in Sardinia linked to the opening of the Tyrrhenian Basin is known. In Eastern Sardinia, it manifests with an uplift that is recorded by geomorphological indicators, such as deep-seated gravitational slope deformation, fluvial captures, engraved valleys, waterfalls, and heterogeneous water drainage. The Pardu River flows from the NW toward the SE and then abruptly changes direction toward the NE. At this point, a capture elbow adjacent to the current head of the Quirra River is well developed. The Quirra River, in its upstream part, flows at altitudes approximately 200 m higher than the Pardu River. It also shows an oversized and over-flooded valley with respect to the catchment area upstream. This setting indicates that the Pardu River, which previously flowed south along the Quirra River, was captured by the Pelau River. We analyzed long-term landslides with lateral spreading and sackung characteristics, which involve giant carbonate blocks and underlying foliated metamorphites in both valleys. The use of LiDAR, high-resolution uncrewed aerial vehicle digital photogrammetry (UAV-DP), and geological, structural, and geomorphological surveys enabled a depth morphometric analysis and the creation of interpretative 3D models of DGSDs. Space-borne interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) data using ERS and Sentinel-1 satellites identified downslope movement of up to 20 mm per year in both Pardu Valley flanks. Multi-source and multi-scale data showed that the state of activity of the DGSDs is closely linked to the geomorphological evolution of the catchment areas of the Rio Pardu and Rio Quirra. The intense post-capture erosion acted in the Rio Pardu Valley, giving it morphometric characteristics that were favorable to the current evolution of the DGSDs, while the Rio Quirra Valley presents paleo-DGSDs that have been fossilized by pre-capture terraced alluvial deposits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to test if differences in soil salinity, plant richness and diversity were significantly affected by habitat, site and distance from the seashore at three sandy and three rocky coastal sites in north-western Sardinia. Each site has been divided into three belts placed at an equal distance of 50 m from the shoreline. We measured soil salinity using a probe and vascular plants richness and diversity using linear transects at all sites. Average soil salinity varied from 0.115 g/l to 0.180 g/l; it was higher in the rocky habitats than in the sandy ones. A total of 21 species were found per transect/site at the rocky sites and 30 species per transect/site at the sandy sites, with an average of Shannon and Weaver's Diversity Index of 1.8 per each belt at each site. These data confirm that, also in the Mediterranean islands, there are coastal gradients of soil salinity from the seashore to inland areas and that also vascular plant richness and diversity are influenced by the distance from the sea. Soil salinity was strongly affected by the type of habitat, being average at the rocky coasts and negligible at the sandy shores. The site effect was not significant for both soil salinity and plant richness and diversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present new distributional data of 24 spider species in Sardinia, including 7 endemic and 1 poorly recorded species. Sixteen species from 7 families and six species from 2 families are recorded for the first time in Sardinia and Italy, respectively. Among these, the reported presence of Cepheia longiseta and five other species allows us to include the Synaphridae family and five genera (Anagraphis, Hahnia, Minyriolus, Thaumatoncus, Trabea) in the Sardinian spider checklist, and two genera (Anagraphis and Thaumatoncus) in the Italian spider checklist. Relevant faunistic and distribution notes of poorly collected species are also provided.

Bivalve mollusk production represents the principal aquaculture activity in Sardinia (40°03′ N, 9°05′ E). In 2021, 859 water samples and 1270 mollusk samples were analyzed. The species Alexandrium minutum caused the accumulation of Paralytic Shellfish Toxins (PST) in three samples of bivalve mollusks. Dinophysis acuminata complex caused the accumulation of lipophilic toxins (LTs) belonging to the okadaic acid group (OAs) in 18 samples of bivalve mollusks. The research of paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) in shellfish samples has been carried out with LC-FLD, as mentioned in the AOAC 2005 Official Method 2005.06. The determination of LTs was carried out by LC-MS/MS analysis. DTX2, belonging to the group of OA toxins, was detected for the first time in Sardinia, in mussels sampled in Tortolì. The presence of Dinophysis and Prorocentrum species was correlated with the accumulation of the OA toxin group in bivalve mollusks, showing a certain repeatability at certain times of the year in the areas included in the study. The results of the present study can help to plan and organize more effective bio-monitoring sampling strategies.

Seven species in the genus Medetera (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) are described here: Medetera aglaops sp. nov., Medetera corsicana sp. nov., Medetera gibbosipyga sp. nov., Medetera hispanica sp. nov., Medetera lusitana sp. nov., Medetera parva sp. nov., and Medetera rectipyga sp. nov. They all originate from the wider Mediterranean region in southwestern Europe (Iberian Peninsula, southern France, Corsica, Sardinia). The most striking feature in most of the species is the bi- or multicolour pattern of the eyes, most conspicuous in Medetera aglaops sp. nov. and Medetera lusitana sp. nov. This character is shared by the male and female sex and is thus not regarded as Male Secondary Sexual Character. All species belong to the Medetera apicalis species group sensu Bickel and are closely related based on shared characters in the hypandrium and cercus. Interestingly, three species with and four species without the basal pair of anterodorsal and posterodorsal bristles on the mid tibia are represented. This suggests that this diagnostic character has less phylogenetic relevance than previously anticipated. Unlike most Palaearctic Medetera, at least five of the new species are mostly found on rocky substrates in dry biotopes with a sclerophyllous vegetation. This further supports their relationship with species of the Medetera muralis subclade sensu Pollet, Germann and Bernasconi.

Human populations in various regions across the world exploit the medicinal properties of plants to treat a wide variety of diseases. Areas with both high rates of endemic taxa and persisting traditional uses of the local botanical resources are key sites for the investigation of Traditional Botanical Knowledge (TBK). Commonly, in these areas, information regarding the medicinal properties of native plants has been transmitted orally from generation to generation, however, a rapid decline in this knowledge has been observed, which can be attributed to socio-economic changes in recent years. The Mediterranean basin is one such site, where human history is intimately entwined with nature. The unique geographical situation and unrivaled environmental heterogeneity of the area, have allowed both the development of diverse civilizations as well as providing the basis for the evolution of extraordinary biodiversity. The Mediterranean basin can therefore be considered a global hotspot of endemic vascular plants, and of traditional knowledge of medicinal and aromatic species. This study researches the historical subregion of Marmilla (central-southern Sardinia, Italy), which was chosen because of its specific cultural and demographic characteristics: i.e., prolonged isolation and extreme longevity of the inhabitants of the area. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 145 people from the region, and 137 medicinal plants belonging to 62 families were identified, of which around 57,3% were taxa exclusive to the Mediterranean Basin. Findings showed that the most used parts of the plant were the leaves (49%), while as far as preparations are concerned, decoction (50%) was the most used to prepare medicinal formulations, making this the highest number of medico-botanical taxa reported in a study carried out in Sardinia using a similar methodology. In addition, this study contributes towards preventing the loss of TBK by documenting the medicinal traditions, passed down orally for centuries, in the words of the participants, shedding new light on the traditional knowledge of the inhabitants of the island. The findings lay the foundations for future applied studies in the fields of phytotherapy and phytochemical investigation.

The functional response of natural patches to surrounding land-use changes is strongly related to variations in functional traits of coexisting species. To exemplify the effects on species of a general pattern of land-use intensification mountains-coastland, we investigated the variation of a key plant trait - seed mass - in small woodlots located along a land-use intensification gradient for two common species (Asparagus albus and Asparagus acutifolius) in the Mediterranean areas. Moreover, along this gradient, we also explored the relationship between seed mass variation and different environmental filters.Along the gradient, A. acutifolius seed mass decreased from natural and semi-natural to urban and artificial areas (higher to lower elevation), whereas A. albus seed mass increased along the same gradient, with heavier seed in patches located in the urban and artificial areas than in those located in natural and semi-natural areas. At intra-specific level, A. acutifolius seeds were significantly different at the extremes of the gradient (natural and semi-natural vs urban and artificial areas), while A. albus showed significant differences both between natural and semi-natural areas and urban and artificial areas, and between agricultural and urban and artificial areas, revealing more sensitiveness to land-use change.The land-use type influenced seed mass variability: in the small patches located in natural and semi-natural areas and in agricultural ones, we observed for both species a higher seed mass variability, being highest in the agricultural areas, while we observed a limited variability in urban and artificial areas, suggesting a homogenization in terms of seed mass within and across species in human-altered areas. Environmental drivers on the seed mass of the two species showed an opposite trend in relation to biotic, topographic and bioclimatic variables.We observed that for two common Mediterranean species, land-use type influenced one of the most important plant functional traits (i.e., seed mass), leading to a reduction of intraspecific variability in artificial context. Understanding how and why these relations occur could improve our capacity to find adaptive strategies for environmental management.

Climate change is expected to have an impact on temperature variability and lead to a substantial increase in temperature values. This is particularly important in some areas, such as the Mediterranean region that has been identified as one of the most responsive regions to climate change. In this paper, the temporal tendencies of seasonal and annual temperature data were analysed in the Sardinia Island (Italy) by applying two non-parametric tests for trend detection to 48 temperature series in a 30-year period (1982–2011). As a result, an opposite trend behaviour between maximum and minimum temperatures has been detected. As regards the maximum seasonal temperature data, a marked positive trend has been detected in all the seasons, with the exception of winter, and especially in spring with about 58% of the station showing increasing values. Conversely, a predominant negative trend characterized the minimum seasonal temperature data, especially in autumn when 50% of the series showed this tendency. The results of this study can increase the knowledge and the ability of policymakers to make strategic decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Miniaturized bronze flasks represent a small portion of a wide metallurgical production that flourished in Sardinia (Italy) between the Final Bronze Age (FBA) and the Early Iron Age (EIA). They replicate a well-known and symbolic type of object, the pilgrims' flask, common in all Europe and Mediterranean basin, and have but few archaeological parallels. For these reasons, their characterization can be considered important from an archaeological perspective. Three flasks, preserved at the Antiquarium Arborense museum (Oristano), were analyzed by X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (XRF) and Raman spectroscopy, integrated by multispectral images. The samples, coming from illegal excavations, posed two problems: establishing their authenticity and investigating the alloy composition of such particular objects. All specimens presented a widespread degradation in the outer surface: XRF and Raman spectroscopy indicated the presence of copper oxides, calcium and copper carbonates deposits. The abscence of Zn, a clear marker of forgeries, was not detected by XRF. In two of the flasks, an unusual Sn content above 20%, was detected. For FBA and EIA, especially regarding southern Europe, Sn was extremely rare, and was possibly used with caution. Further results are presented herein. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Galician Journal of Economics / Revista Galega de Economía is the property of Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Servicio de Publicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper, we report on the first project on the promotion of urban geoheritage in Cagliari, the capital of the Autonomous Region of Sardinia (Italy). We briefly address the history of geo-palaeontological research in the city area and outline the main phases of development in the history of Cagliari’s geo-palaeontological museum. Geotourism is an efficient method of bringing geosciences to a wider audience. For this project, we compiled a geoitinerary of the main lithotypes and fossils present within the urban territory. Miocene lithotypes are the most important materials in the edification of the Cagliari’s old town, and in the past, the quarrying activity favoured the geology knowledge of the area. The presence of abandoned quarries and natural outcrops in parks, public gardens, on the nearby coastline, and also of fossils exposed in ashlars of historic buildings, made Cagliari an excellent example to valorise the geo-palaeontological heritage using geotourism. This project showcases the importance of knowledge transfer and non-technical communication methods by converting highly technical aspects into accessible and engaging information dissemination to a wide range of audience types, including non-specialised ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this document a geological – geomorphological map in scale 1: 25,000 is presented. The study area is located inside the Protected Marine Area Tavolara – Punta Coda Cavallo, in north-eastern Sardinia. The study was done through integrated analysis of multibeam bathymetric and very high-resolution side scan sonar data, acquired in an area of 163 km2 with the purpose of mapping the main biocoenoses and with particular reference to the coralligenous bioconstructions and the distribution of Posidonia oceanica. The interpretative hypotheses, based on the analysis of geophysical data, have been validated through diving surveys. This map represents a fundamental knowledge base and it constitutes an important technical-scientific support for long-term planning and management of the studied seabed.

The case study is part of a research that analyzes the potentiality of historical maps as a tool to support the knowledge and protection of the landscape. The main interest of this article is to highlight data qualities and communicative capacities of 19th century cartography of Sardinia also in relation to the current state of the art. The drawing of landscape and territory at this time shows an interesting ability to combine scientific rigor and perceptive component that will have its maximum expression in 1845 with the work of the general Alberto Ferrero Della Marmora. Starting from a critical analysis of the archive documents, the methodology adopted in this case study needs the drawing/design of a geo-referenced database aimed at a comparison between historical maps and the series of aerial surveys made available by the Cartography Service of the Sardinia Region. The subject of this analysis are some interesting drawings that describe the system of “Royal salt works” of Cagliari designed by Piedmontese government in the first half of the nineteenth century, surveyed and represented by military officers. The territorial data recorded in the examined maps shows an interesting compatibility with the most recent acquisitions and allows a diachronic analysis of the transformations. To this end – putting together the high precision of current survey and representation methods with information and immediacy of historical cartographic production - the drawings are analyzed, elaborated and “communicated” through graphics models able to express by signs the complexity of a stratified landscape.DOI: https://doi.org/10.20365/disegnarecon.22.2019.17

Professionals and firms of the creative and cultural sector contribute to the creation of business incubators, fablabs and coworking spaces in the historic city, often benefiting from public support. Our paper deals with these creativespaces. It investigates the relationship that architects, as creative professionals and coworking managers, establish with the historic city, the workplace, and the planning and protection rules on buildings. In particular, starting from a research on coworking spaces in the historic District of Villanova, in Cagliari City (Sardinia, IT), this paper critically reflects on the current tools and methods used to map and manage creative spaces in the historic city, making some proposals for their improvement and enforcement in urban regeneration strategies.

Sustainability communication plays an essential role in informing tourists about the availability of sustainable products and in addressing them to choosing eco-friendly experiences, as well as in sharing awareness and responsibility within tourist operators about the urgent need to improve the sustainability of tourism offers. The European Tourism Indicator System for sustainable destinations (ETIS) looks a tool able to provide a holistic approach to improve the sustainable management of European tourism destinations, by encouraging stakeholder engagement and monitoring processes. Moving from the conceptual framework of the sustainable tourism, this qualitative study investigates the role of communication as a key strategy related to the ETIS’ implementation in the South of Sardinia, Italy, among the various stakeholders involved in it. Considering that research in sustainability communication and the ETIS outcomes are scarce, this study aims to contribute to filling this gap. The findings show clear weaknesses in the ETIS communication and stakeholders’ engagement, particularly at local level, and in the appropriation of the results. The study suggests to improving communication as a strategic lever to involve tourism operators and tourists while implementing sustainable actions like the ETIS, and to share the knowledgecreated, both at local and international level.

The article deals with gender relations in “traditional” Sardinian dances and explores their asymmetrical and hierarchical form, an issue rarely considered by dance anthropology and gender studies in Italy. Using an ethnographic perspective, it focuses on practices and discourses related to “ballo sardo”, a dance where man usually plays a leading role in terms of dance guidance, control of execution, and freedom of expression. Giving voice to the point of view of the female dancers, so far invisibilized, the article intends to show how gender relations operate in Sardinian dances, and tries to explain some of the mechanisms that govern the reproduction and naturalization of gender relations through a popular dance.

We present new distributional data of 24 spider species in Sardinia, including 7 endemic and 1 poorly recorded species. Sixteen species from 7 families and six species from 2 families are recorded for the first time in Sardinia and Italy, respectively. Among these, the reported presence of Cepheia longiseta and five other species allows us to include the Synaphridae family and five genera (Anagraphis, Hahnia, Minyriolus, Thaumatoncus, Trabea) in the Sardinian spider checklist, and two genera (Anagraphis and Thaumatoncus) in the Italian spider checklist. Relevant faunistic and distribution notes of poorly collected species are also provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cystic echinococcosis (CE), a parasitic zoonosis of public health and economic concern, is highly endemic in Sardinia, Italy. The study involved examining the intraspecific variability and demographic structure of Echinococcus granulosussensu stricto (s.s.) in common hosts of this parasite. Molecular surveillance included the fragment amplification of a partial mitochondrial gene, cox1 (750 bp), for a total of 69 isolates derived from sheep (n = 52), cattle (n = 11), pigs (n = 4), and goats (n = 2). It was ascertained that E. granulosus s.s. was the primary agent of infection among these ungulates and G1 genotype was highly prevalent (79.71%). Considerable intraspecific variation was found, revealing the existence of 22 haplotypes with relatively high haplotype (0.8555 ± 0.033) and low nucleotide diversities (0.00281 ± 0.00030). Population demographics indicated an expanding parasitic population signifying negative deviation from neutrality indices. Little genetic differentiation was found between the subpopulations of E. granulosus s.s. in the island. Moreover, the geographic dispersal of genotypes G1 and G3 also indicated similarity between Sardinian and mainland Echinococcus granulosus s.s. populations reaffirming the sympatric occurrence and efficient transmission of G1 and G3 genotypes. Molecular survey of CE has the potential to yield baseline information on the infective genotypes among the intermediate hosts and helps in devising suitable control strategies for curtailing the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sublittoral sand from the islands of Sardinia (Italy) and Flores (Azores) – separated by more than 3700 km linear distance and 8 years between two independent sampling campaigns – yielded conspicuous specimens of two bizarre, yet undescribed, species of the marine gastrotrich clade Macrodasyida. These gastrotrichs combine several character traits that were already known from two, non-related genera. Morphological data were carefully analysed and digitally documented, and nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequences were used for phylogenetic inference. The results of these analyses claim for the erection of a new genus. Specimens of the new taxon have a body length of less than 400 µm and are characterized by a wide, funnel-shaped mouth opening shielded dorsally by an oral hood and possess a posterior peduncle that ends with a Y-shaped pair of appendages that carry the posterior adhesive tubes. Further tubes occur as anterior, ventrolateral and lateral series; the gonads are unpaired and there is a set of two accessory reproductive organs. Molecular phylogenetic analyses confirm the results of former studies and clearly place the new taxon in Thaumastodermatidae. We hereby propose the establishment of Chimaeradasys gen. nov. and describe C. oligotubulatus sp. nov. from the Azores and C. polytubulatus sp. nov. from Sardinia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In Sardinia (Italy) two sections, located in the southeastern part of the island, expose the Devonian/Carboniferous Boundary: the Monte Taccu Section and the Bruncu Bullai section. Both expose limestones from the middle Famennian to the lower Tournaisian Siphonodella jii Zone. The limestone sequence is interrupted by a thin level of shales representing the Hangenberg Event. Data on conodont biostratigraphy and magnetic susceptibility across the Devonian/Carboniferous Boundary are here summarised and reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The late Middle Pleistocene ichnosite of Funtana Morimenta (Gonnesa, Italy) provides a relevant scientific and didactic interest. In this site, tracks of megacerine deer and dwarf mammoths of the Ice Age are well-preserved and visible in situ. The geosite has also historic importance, and it has been mentioned since the beginning of the nineteenth century for the sedimentological features and its palaeontological content. For these reasons, the Funtana Morimenta ichnosite would represent an efficient tool for developing educational goals, such as teaching activities or field trips. Unfortunately, in the last years, it has shown significant deterioration because its sedimentological features (poorly cemented aeolian sandstone) made it susceptible to weathering. For this site to be available for future generations, great attention should be posed to its safeguard and avoid the permanent disappearance of what is currently a full-fledged natural and scientific resource. The conservation actions herein proposed will provide several benefits: they are meant to (i) valorize the aeolian deposits and the visible ichnofossils; (ii) show visitors, tourists, or students the geo-palaeontological richness of the territory; (iii) encourage tourists to explore the other numerous geosites spread in the island of Sardinia; and (iv) allow private entrepreneurs or local public administrations to develop economic opportunities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For many years the Sardinian population has been the object of numerous studies because of its unique genetic structure. Despite the extreme abundance of papers, various aspects of the peopling and genetic structure of Sardinia still remain uncertain and sometimes controversial. We reviewed what has emerged from different studies, focussing on some still open questions, such as the origin of Sardinians, their relationship with the Corsican population, and the intra-regional genetic heterogeneity. The various issues have been addressed through the analysis of classical markers, molecular markers and, finally, genomic data through next generation sequencing. Although the most ancient human remains date back to the end of the Palaeolithic, Mesolithic populations brought founding lineages that left evident traces in the modern population. Then, with the Neolithic, the island underwent an important demographic expansion. Subsequently, isolation and genetic drift contributed to maintain a significant genetic heterogeneity, but preserving the overall homogeneity on a regional scale. At the same time, isolation and genetic drift contributed to differentiate Sardinia from Corsica, which saw an important gene flow from the mainland. However, the isolation did not prevent gene flow from the neighbouring populations whose contribution are still recognisable in the genome of Sardinians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sardinia (Italy) and Corsica (France) are two islands divided by a strait that is 13 km wide. Their inhabitants have had commercial and cultural links at least since the Bronze Age, facing similar historical processes such as colonization from mainland powers during Middle Ages and a problematic assimilation within the nation-states to which the islands are nowadays associated. Nevertheless, they are generally perceived and analyzed as separate and distant islands. This is a consequence of the geopolitical context of the last three centuries, during which Corsica and Sardinia have become part of two separate states marked by a troubled relationship. This study has two main purposes: explaining the case of the two islands through a historical analysis of the island-to-island relationship between the 17th and 21st Centuries and proposing the concept of 'impeded archipelago' to describe analogous situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The hill of Monte Carru (Alghero) has brought to light a necropolis of Roman Empire, (1st-3rd century AD). The necropolis shows different burial rituals with 200 cremations and 150 inhumations. This necropolis can be attributed to the Roman settlement of Carbia, mentioned by the Antoninian Itinerary, a document written during Caracalla's time (212-217 AD), which was probably located in this area but it hasn't been found yet. The aims of the research are the preliminary constitutional and biodemographic reconstruction of this population, through sex and age determination, the reconstruction of the health condition and the lifestyle of the population. The analysis has shown higher percentage of adult individuals (47% males and 36% females) with average age of death of 19/35 years. Important the low percentage of pathologies and a sexual dimorphism in enthesopathies. The paleodiet analysis of bones, performed by XRF of trace elements, showed an almost constant presence of Zinc and Stronzium due to an essentially omnivorous diet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of eHumanista is the property of Professor Antonio Cortijo-Ocana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of eHumanista is the property of Professor Antonio Cortijo-Ocana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract Background The aim of this study is to analyze the worldwide distribution of SNP rs4870723 in COL14A1 gene to check if there are significant genetic differences among different populations and to test if the gene is a trait under selection. Methods Genomic DNA was extracted from 69 unrelated individuals from Sardinia and genotyped for SNP rs4870723. Data were compared with 26 different populations, clustered in 5 super‐populations, from the public 1000 genomes database. Allele frequency and heterozygosity were calculated with Genepop. The Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium and pairwise population differentiation through analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA FST) were determined with Arlequin. Results Allele frequencies of COL14A1 rs4870723 were compared in 27 populations clustered in 5 super‐populations. All populations were in the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. In almost all populations, allele C was the most frequent allele, reaching the highest values in East Asia. The 27 populations showed an appreciable structure, with significant differences observed between European, African, and Asian populations. Conclusion Significant differences were observed in the rs4870723 SNP distribution among the populations studied. However, we found no evidence for a selective pressure. Rather, the differentiation among the populations is likely the result of founder effect, genetic drift, and cultural factors, all events known to establish and maintain genetic diversity between populations.

The Oriental and Eastern Palaearctic species Phenolia picta, recently introduced into some countries of the Mediterranean Basin, including S France and S Italy (Sicily), is here reported for the first time from Sardinia.