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Bei 53 neurochirurgischen Eingriffen wurde das Verhalten der Thrombocytenzahl vor, wahrend und nach dem Eingriff untersucht. Die gefundenen Werte waren fast alle statistisch zu sichern. Bei den meisten Operationen kam es ebenso wie bei allgemeinchirurgischen Interventionen zu einem signifikanten Abfall der Thrombocytenzahl wahrend und in den ersten 24 Std nach dem Eingriff. Dieser initiale Thrombocytenabfall resultiert aus dem operativen Blutverlust, vor allem jedoch aus dem physiologischen „Verbrauch“ der Thrombocyten wahrend der Hamostase. Bei Eingriffen an der Hypophyse, bei Ventrikulographien wahrend eines bestehenden Hydrocephalus und bei tiefliegenden, zwischenhirnnahen Prozessen zeigten sich jedoch grose und zum Teil langdauernde Schwankungen der Thrombocytenzahl. Im Vordergrund stand ein Anstieg der Thrombocyten, der nicht selten die Ausgangslage uberschritt und relativ lange anhielt. Als Ursache ist eine Irritation der hamatopoctischen Zentren in den Zwischenhirn-Regionen anzunehmen, die eine Anderung der Thrombocytenausschwemmung aus dem Knochenmark und ihrer Verteilung im Blut bewirkt. Diese Veranderungen im thrombopoetischen System zeigen Parallelen zu den bereits bekannten Alterationen im leuko- und erythropoetischen System nach zentralnervosenReizen. Die Untersuchungen erganzen unsere Kenntnisse uber die zentrale Steuerung der Hamatopoese.

It has been observed, in connection with studies of anaemia in mink, that anaemic animals tend to have a quicker haemostasis than normal animals and that blood from anaemic animals coagulates very rapidly. It is interesting in this connection to observe the role played by the thrombocyte count of the blood. Very little research has been carried out with regard to the thrombocyte count in mink. Kubin & Masson (1948) specify 250,000/mm(3) as the normal thrombocyte count in mink. The platelets were counted from slides stained with “Wright Stain”.

Anti-thrombocyte serum administered intraperitoneally to mice reduces thrombocyte count in 2 hours ; after 3 days the count starts to recover, reaching a maximum level on day 7 after the treatment. The injection of anti-thrombocyte serum before or after x-irradiation modifies not only the extent of radiation-induced thrombocytopenia of the treated animals but also their sensitivity against the lethal effect of x-rays. The extent of thrombocytopenia on day 10 post-irradiation was minimized when the antiserum was administered to mice 2 hours or 1 day before irradiation (400 R). The survival rate of animal on day 30 was the highest when the antiserum was administered to mice 1 day before irradiation (750 R). The results suggest that the modification of radiation lethality by anti-thrombocyte serum injection is resulted from the modification of thrombocyte dynamics.

Bei 39 neurochirurgischen Operationen wurde vor, wahrend und nach dem Eingriff die Zahl der Blutplattchen sowie ihre Ballungsbereitschaft im Agglutinations- und Konglutinationstest bestimmt. Es zeigte sich, das im Verlauf der Operation die Zahl der Plattchen zuruckgeht und ihre Fallbarkeit sich erhoht. Erst geraume Zeit nach beendeter Operation stieg die Plattchenzahl wieder an und normalisierte sich die erhohte Ballungsbereitschaft („Labilitat“). Das Ausmas des Thrombocytenschwundes in absoluten Thrombocytenzahlen und die zahlenmasige Zunahme der im Agglutinations- und Konglutinationstest verklumpenden Thrombocyten waren direkt abhangig von der Gesamtzahl der Thrombocyten im stromenden Blut.

1. The peripheral blood of the normal goldfish, Carassius auratus, contains erythrocytes, thrombocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils. Immature stages of these elements are frequently encountered in the blood. Detailed descriptions and illustrations of these cells have been presented.2. The mean erythrocyte count of 100 goldfish was 2, 025, 000±118, 671/mm3, and the mean thrombocyte count was 51, 550±3, 323/mm3.3. Erythrocytes in an apparent state of amitotic division were observed to be numerous in the blood of certain animals which also had large numbers of erythroblasts.4. The total leukocyte count was 21, 987±1, 519/mm3. A differential analysis of the leukocytes revealed that lymphocytes totaled 20, 323±1, 073/mm3 (92.5/); neutrophils, 1, 132±143/mm3 (5.1%); eosinophils 488±61/mm3 (2.2%); and basophils, 44±25/mm3 (0.2%).5. No blood cells corresponding to the monocyte of higher vertebrates were observed in C. auratus.

Verfasser sahen im Anschlus an die Behandlung der Genitaltuberkulose mit PAS (Cilag) erhohte CR-Werte und einen wesentlichen Anstieg der Thrombocytenzahl, wahrend die Gerinnungs- und Blutungszeit, sowie auch der Prothrombinspiegel unverandert blieben.

A study was made of the indices of peripheral blood (45) and of bone marrow (14) in healthy monkeys (Macacus rhesus) in Moscow. The total erythrocyte count in the monkeys observed was 5.5±0.9 million, thrombocyte count −373.66±47 thousand, reticulocyte count 7.78±0.62‰, leukocyte count −10.95±0.50 thousand, erythrocyte sedimentation rate −4±0.35 mm/h. The total number of the nuclei-containing forms in the bone marrow puncture material averaged 101 thousand. 30.87% of total number of cells were erythroblastoid elements, 58.9% being myeloid and 8.6% lymphoid cells.

We studied the relations of age, sex, hypertension, alcohol consumption, liver dysfunction, and thrombocyte count to the volume of the hematoma in 141 patients with spontaneous putaminal hemorrhage. Hematomas were significantly larger in men, regular alcohol consumers, those with liver dysfunction, and those with low platelet counts. Our findings reflect the fact that almost all of the alcohol consumers were men, most of them had liver disorders, and the volume of hematoma in such patients was relatively large.

Thrombocytosis has not yet been described in chronic eosinophilic pneumonia. A typical patient with chronic eosinophilic pneumonia is described. The patient's thrombocyte count was up to 900,000 per cu mm, which returned to normal under steroid therapy. Thrombocytosis may be associated with chronic inflammation and should not require further investigations such as lung biopsy, in an otherwise usual case of chronic eosinophilic pneumonia.

A graph of the relationship between mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet count (TPK) was constructed out of 158 haematologically normal individuals, 19 patients with thrombocytopenia and 63 patients with thrombocytosis. Patients with thrombocytopenia and thrombocytosis whose bone marrows were found to show adequate or increased, morphologically normal, thrombopoiesis were included in the graph. The graph was found to exhibit the previously known inverse relationship between TPK and MPV extended into thrombocytopenic values and is thought to represent an intact marrow function capable of meeting the increased demands of thrombopoiesis. On the other hand, 15 patients whose bone marrows were showing evidence of hypoplastic thrombopoiesis fell outside the region representing intact marrow function. The position of an individual's values of MPV vs TPK in a coordinate system with these variables on the axes correlates well with the morphologic evaluation of thrombopoietic function and seems to be clinically useful.

Charolais steers infected with Trypanosoma congolense developed a thrombocytopenia that was first demonstrated shortly before the onset of parasitemia. The thrombocyte count progressively decreased from a level of 6 × 105/mm3 on the 3rd day postinfection to l × 105/mm3, its most depressed level, on the 11th day postinfection. The mean of the thrombocyte level of five infected bovines at the time of thrombocyte survival analysis was 195.6 ± 83.5 × 103(± 2 SE) as compared to 998 ± 245.9 × 103 in the control group. In parallel with depressed thrombocyte levels, the mean of the apparent half-lives of 51Cr-labeled thrombocytes was 1.3 ± 0.5 days as compared to 3.7 ± 0.5 days in control animals. A similar survival was noted in the apparent half-lives of 51Cr-labeled autologous and heterologous thrombocytes transfused to normal recipients.

CASES OF hemangiomas associated with blood dyscrasias are so rare that insufficient data have been accumulated either to determine the true significance of the association of these conditions or to evaluate properly the efficiency of modern methods of treatment. HISTORY Hemangioma associated with purpura has been reported in three cases. Kasabach and Merritt1reported a case of a 2 month old infant, in whom the thrombocyte (platelet) count was reduced and the purpura spread. The infant was treated with roentgen irradiation and later with radium needles with subsequent recovery. The second case was reported by Rhodes and Borrelli2of an infant 3½ months of age. A mass, supposedly lipomatous at birth, became larger and bluish, and petechiae appeared over the body; the thrombocyte count was low. This patient was treated with transfusions, a vitamin K preparation and larger doses of roentgen irradiation, with ultimate recovery. The third case

Summary39 patients, of which 32 had rheumatoid arthritis, were treated with Thio-Tepa (27), Azetepa (7) and osmium acid (5) injected intraarticulary.A prolonged effect (over 2 years) was seen in 15 patients of which 7 were after Thio-Tepa injections, 4 after Azetepa injections, and 4 after osmium acid injections.In 1 patient treated with Thio-Tepa (total dose 75 mg.) a fall in the leucocyte and thrombocyte count was seen. Azetepa and osmium acid have thus shown better effects than Thio-Tepa, but additional studies will be carried out with Azetepa and osmium acid.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a thrombocyte aggregation-inhibitor on the fall in thrombocyte count during extracorporeal circulation in dogs. When extracorporeal circulati

Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases (MSMD) is a rare syndrome characterized by predisposition to severe, sometimes lethal, disease caused by otherwise poorly virulent mycobacteria. We report here a boy with a recurrent mycobacterial infection from the age of five months. Immunological analyses revealed an inability to respond to IFN-gamma, subsequent genetic analyses revealed a novel homozygous mutation, r.679G > A in the IFNGR2 gene, resulting in a G227R substitution, that caused IFN-gamma R2 deficiency. This is only the 8th mutation in IFN-gamma R2 known so far. The boy eventually died of hepatic coma due to liver failure at the age of five.

Numerous observations have been made on the total thrombocyte count in health and in disease. The differential platelet count, on the other hand, has thus far received little attention. In this investigation the behavior of the total and differential platelet counts in a number of important clinical conditions was studied and an attempt was made to analyze the results from the standpoint of their clinical significance. Until recently the methods employed for differential platelet counting involved the use of dry stained blood films. This procedure, though simple, is inaccurate, since many of the platelets are washed off and destroyed during the process of staining, and those remaining on the glass slides or cover slips are either torn or distorted. The most accurate method for studying the morphologic characteristics of the platelets is one in which wet preparations are employed. The diluting fluid must preserve the platelets for a sufficiently long