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Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a neuropathic pain condition characterised by pain, paresthesia, loss of strength and disability. To explore the experiences of women with CTS regarding the management of symptoms and limitations. A qualitative phenomenological study was conducted. Women with a clinical and electromyographic diagnosis of CTS recruited from the Neurology Department of a Public Hospital were included. Purposeful sampling was performed. Data were collected using in-depth interviews and researchers' field notes. Analysis proposed by Giorgi was used. A total of 18 women with CTS were included. Two themes emerged: a) Living with CTS symptoms and limitations: describing the symptoms experienced, triggers of their symptoms and how they define CTS. Also, describing the difficulties that they experience on a daily basis, at home when handling tools, communicating, driving, and at work; and b) developing daily strategies for managing limitations: developing potential daily strategies to overcome daily limitations and/or compensate for them, and seeking professional help. Current results provide insight on how symptoms and daily limitations are experienced by a group of women with CTS. These findings could help occupational therapists to understand the day-to-day difficulties and the reasons for developing certain strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/objective: Since, to our knowledge, the effects of dry needling (DN) on active myofascial trigger point (MTrP) stiffness have not been analyzed previously with shear wave elastography (SWE), our aim was to compare the effects of a single session of DN and sham DN applied to the most active MTrP located in the upper trapezius muscle on clinical outcomes. Methods: A randomized, double-blinded sham-controlled trial was conducted; 60 patients were randomized into an experimental (DN) or sham (sham DN) group. Baseline data including sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were collected. SWE and pain pressure thresholds (PPTs) at the MTrP and a control point located 3 cm laterally were the main outcomes assessed before and 10 min after the interventions. Results: Patients receiving DN interventions experienced greater increases in the control point PPTs immediately after receiving the intervention compared with sham DN (p < 0.05), but no differences were found for the MTrP (p > 0.05). Post-intervention PPT improvements were found at both locations for both groups (p < 0.01). No significant changes for either MTrP or control locations were found for SWE outcomes in either group (all p s > 0.05). No significant within-group SWE differences were found in the DN or sham DN groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: A single session of DN or sham DN applied to active MTrPs located in the upper trapezius muscle produced no detectable changes in stiffness at the MTrP or control locations. Real DN induced an immediate analgesic response at both MTrP and control locations, while sham DN induced an immediate MTrP response. Trial registration number: NCT04832074 (ClinicalTrials.gov). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pronator quadratus (PQ) muscle is an important stabilizer of the distal radio-ulnar joint and its pain referral pattern can mimic median or ulnar neuropathy. Research on treatment safety and efficacy with dry needling is scarce. To determine if a solid filiform needle accurately and safely penetrates the PQ during simulated clinical application of dry needling. A cadaveric descriptive study was conducted. Needling insertion of PQ was performed in 10 cryopreserved forearms with a 30*0.32 mm solid filiform needle. With the forearm pronated, the needle was inserted 3 cm proximal to the ulnar styloid in an anterior direction toward the muscle. The needle was advanced into the PQ based upon clinician judgment. Safety was assessed by calculating the distance from the needle to the surrounding neurovascular bundles. Accurate needle penetration of the PQ was observed in 90% of the cadavers (needle penetration: 19.8 ± 4.0 mm, 95%CI 17.0 to 22.6 mm). No neurovascular bundle was pierced during needling in any specimen forearms. The distance from the tip of the needle was 15.1 ± 4.8 mm (95%CI 11.7 to 18.5 mm) to the ulnar nerve, 15.6 ± 7.6 mm (95%CI 10.0 to 21 mm) to the ulnar artery, 11.2 ± 3.3 mm (95%CI 8.8 to 13.6 mm) to the median nerve, and 4.9 ± 1.4 mm (95%CI 3.9 to 5.9 mm) to the anterior interosseous neurovascular bundle. The results from this cadaveric study support the assumption that needling of the PQ by the dorsal aspect of the forearm can be accurately and safely conducted by an experienced clinician. Studies investigating the clinical safety and effectiveness of this interventions are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neck pain is a common musculoskeletal disorder encountered by physiotherapists. However, it may be the early manifestation of more alarming conditions, such as cardiovascular diseases mimicking musculoskeletal pain. Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a congenital heart defect consisting of a small opening between the right and the left atrium. A 56-year-old male presented with neck pain and head heaviness as primary complaints. The cardiovascular profile and the behavioral symptoms led the physiotherapist to find an exaggerated blood pressure response during exercise; in addition to subtle neurological signs, this prompted the physiotherapist to make an urgent referral. At the emergency department a PFO was diagnosed. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first case to describe a rare clinical presentation of a PFO presenting neck pain as primary complaint. This case report emphasizes the importance for physiotherapists to be able to triage patients for conditions outside their scope suggestive of further medical investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To establish the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) for inspiratory muscle strength (MIP) and endurance (IME) in individuals with long-term post-COVID-19 symptoms, as well as to ascertain which of the variables has a greater discriminatory capacity and to compare changes between individuals classified by the MCID. Design: Secondary analysis of randomised controlled trial of data from 42 individuals who performed an 8-week intervention of respiratory muscle training programme. Results: A change of at least 18 cmH2O and 22.1% of that predicted for MIP and 328.5s for IME represented the MCID. All variables showed acceptable discrimination between individuals who classified as "improved" and those classified as "stable/not improved" (area under the curve ≥0.73). MIP was the variable with the best discriminative ability when expressed as a percentage of prediction (Youden index, 0.67; sensitivity, 76.9%; specificity, 89.7%). Participants classified as "improved" had significantly greater improvements in quality of life and lung function compared with the participants classified as "stable/not improved". Conclusion: In individuals with long-term post-COVID-19 symptoms, the inspiratory muscle function variables had an acceptable discriminative ability to assess the efficacy of a respiratory muscle training programme. MIP was the variable with the best discriminative ability, showing better overall performance when expressed as a percentage of prediction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has infected over 600 million individuals and caused nearly 7 million deaths worldwide (10 January 2023). Patients with renal disease undergoing hemodialysis are among those most adversely affected, with an increased predisposition to SARS-CoV-2 infection and death. This systematic review aimed to pool evidence assessing the humoral response of hemodialysis patients (HDP) post-mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. A systematic search of the literature was performed through MEDLINE, CINAHL, PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases, as well as medRxiv and bioRxiv preprint servers up to 10 January 2023. Cohort and case-control studies were included if they reported an immune response in one group of patients undergoing hemodialysis who received mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccination compared with another group of patients receiving the same vaccine but not on hemodialysis. The methodological quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Meta-analysis was not deemed appropriate due to the high heterogeneity between studies. From the 120 studies identified, nine (n = 1969 participants) met the inclusion criteria. Most studies (n = 8/9, 88%) were of high or medium methodological quality (≥6/9 stars). The results revealed that HDP developed lower antibody levels across all timepoints post-vaccination when compared with controls. Patients with chronic kidney disease elicited the highest antibody immune response, followed by HDP and, lastly, kidney transplant recipients. Overall, post-vaccination antibody titers were comparatively lower than in the healthy population. Current results imply that robust vaccination strategies are needed to address waning immune responses in vulnerable populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]