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260. Biological and geophysical feedbacks with fire in the Earth system

Author

Archibald, S, primary, Lehmann, C E R, additional, Belcher, C M, additional, Bond, W J, additional, Bradstock, R A, additional, Daniau, A-L, additional, Dexter, K G, additional, Forrestel, E J, additional, Greve, M, additional, He, T, additional, Higgins, S I, additional, Hoffmann, W A, additional, Lamont, B B, additional, McGlinn, D J, additional, Moncrieff, G R, additional, Osborne, C P, additional, Pausas, J G, additional, Price, O, additional, Ripley, B S, additional, Rogers, B M, additional, Schwilk, D W, additional, Simon, M F, additional, Turetsky, M R, additional, Van der Werf, G R, additional, and Zanne, A E, additional

Published
2018
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262. Conduction processes in conjugated, highly regio-regular, high molecular mass, poly(3-hexylthiophene) thin-film transistors.

Author

Raja, M., Lloyd, G. C. R., Sedghi, N., Eccleston, W., Di Lucrezia, R., and Higgins, S. J.

Subjects
THIN film transistors, CONDUCTING polymers
Abstract

Highly regio-regular poly(3-hexylthiophenes) (P3HT) thin films have been produced using the Tzrnadel method. They have head to tail counts approaching very close to 100% and high molecular mass. Thin-film transistors and Schottky diodes have been used to study the effects of counter ion and carrier density on field-effect and bulk mobility, respectively. The density of counter ions was increased using 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ) and had a profound effect on both the field effect and bulk mobility with a ratio between the two of 10², in a similar way to DDQ in poly(β'-dodecyloxy-α,α',-α', α'terthienyl) (polyDOT[sub 3]), but with substantially higher drift mobilities. A method is described, using Schottky barriers, of simply and accurately determining carrier drift mobility. The effect of carrier density on hole mobility is believed to be indirect, filling traps in the regions separating the highly ordered domains until trap free conduction and hence high mobility is reached. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2002
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265. Allometric equations for integrating remote sensing imagery into forest monitoring programmes

Author

Jucker, T., Caspersen, J., Chave, J., Antin, C., Barbier, N., Bongers, F., Dalponte, M., van Ewijk, K. Y., Forrester, D. I., Haeni, M., Higgins, S. I., Holdaway, R. J., Iida, Y., Lorimer, C., Marshall, P. L., Momo, S., Moncrieff, G. R., Ploton, P., Poorter, L., Rahman, K. A., Schlund, M., Sonké, B., Sterck, F. J., Trugman, A. T., Usoltsev, V. A., Vanderwel, M. C., Waldner, P., Wedeux, B. M. M., Wirth, C., Wöll, H., Woods, M., Xiang, W., Zimmermann, N. E., Coomes, D. A., Jucker, T., Caspersen, J., Chave, J., Antin, C., Barbier, N., Bongers, F., Dalponte, M., van Ewijk, K. Y., Forrester, D. I., Haeni, M., Higgins, S. I., Holdaway, R. J., Iida, Y., Lorimer, C., Marshall, P. L., Momo, S., Moncrieff, G. R., Ploton, P., Poorter, L., Rahman, K. A., Schlund, M., Sonké, B., Sterck, F. J., Trugman, A. T., Usoltsev, V. A., Vanderwel, M. C., Waldner, P., Wedeux, B. M. M., Wirth, C., Wöll, H., Woods, M., Xiang, W., Zimmermann, N. E., and Coomes, D. A.

Abstract

Remote sensing is revolutionizing the way we study forests, and recent technological advances mean we are now able – for the first time – to identify and measure the crown dimensions of individual trees from airborne imagery. Yet to make full use of these data for quantifying forest carbon stocks and dynamics, a new generation of allometric tools which have tree height and crown size at their centre are needed. Here, we compile a global database of 108753 trees for which stem diameter, height and crown diameter have all been measured, including 2395 trees harvested to measure aboveground biomass. Using this database, we develop general allometric models for estimating both the diameter and aboveground biomass of trees from attributes which can be remotely sensed – specifically height and crown diameter. We show that tree height and crown diameter jointly quantify the aboveground biomass of individual trees and find that a single equation predicts stem diameter from these two variables across the world's forests. These new allometric models provide an intuitive way of integrating remote sensing imagery into large-scale forest monitoring programmes and will be of key importance for parameterizing the next generation of dynamic vegetation models. © 2016 The Authors. Global Change Biology Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd., We thank the co-authors, field data collectors and funding agencies of the original data sources used in this study. We are also grateful to all curators of open-access databases from which we drew data for this study. In particular, we wish to thank Daniel Falster and Remko Duursma for compiling the biomass and allometry database (BAAD) for woody plants; Michael Keller and Maiza Nara for providing us access to data from the Sustainable Landscapes Brazil project; Kristina Anderson-Teixeira and her co-authors for archiving allometric data from the CTFS-ForestGEO forest dynamics plot at the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute (Virginia, USA); and KaDonna Randolph of the USDA forest service for her assistance in accessing the Forest Health Monitoring (FHM) database. We thank Bruno H?rault and an anonymous reviewer for their thoughtful and constructive comments on an earlier draft of our manuscript. T.J. was funded by NERC (grant number: NE/K016377/1). This work has benefited from ANR grants to J.C. (CEBA, ref. ANR-10-LABX-25-01 and TULIP, ref. ANR-10-LABX-0041). The Sustainable Landscapes Brazil project was supported by the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), the US Forest Service, and USAID, and the US Department of State. Data collection for the UNECE ICP Forests PCC Collaborative Database was cofinanced by national or regional organizations and by the European Commission under regulations (EEC) No 2158/86, Forest Focus (EC) No 2152/200, FutMon (EC) LIFE07 ENV/D/218.

Published
2017

266. The pedagogical challenges of creating information literate librarians

Author

Derakhshan, M., Hassanzadeh, M., E. Higgins, S., Abbaspour Asadollah, Sara, Derakhshan, M., Hassanzadeh, M., E. Higgins, S., and Abbaspour Asadollah, Sara

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the challenges of developing information literacy (IL) competencies and approaches to overcome the challenges among library and information science (LIS) students in Iran. Design/methodology/approach: Taking an exploratory approach, the study used semi-structured interviews to gather the data. Using the 2000 ACRL standards as a framework, the fieldwork questions were designed around the five areas of IL competencies. A total of 15 academics teaching 18 different LIS courses from six universities were interviewed. They were asked the challenges they faced in teaching these competencies and the approaches they took or suggested in overcoming the challenge(s). A thematic approach was used to analyze the data. Findings: Some of the challenges for students mentioned by the interviewees were ambiguity about the discipline, inability to match subject relevance with appropriate sources of information and lack of familiarity with databases. Research limitations/implications: This study is limited to LIS academics; studying students’ reflections can bring broader perspectives to IL education in LIS programs. Owing to the nature of the design of this study, which is a single case study, the teaching experiences of IL are limited to the ones which emerged and were addressed in the context of the case. Although the case selection was made in a way that can be representative of the “general” in the “particular” bounded system of the case (Stake, 1998), studying more cases could certainly have brought broader perspectives to IL which could have been to wider contexts. Originality/value: The results of this study contribute to our understanding of challenges in teaching IL in the LIS discipline, an area that has not been researched directly. This contributes to IL teaching in disciplinary areas and it brings new perspectives to the elements of IL teaching which emerged from the experiences of people who are directly experienced in the context

Published
2017
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267. A Pilot Study Evaluating the Effectiveness of Dual-Registration Image-Guided Radiotherapy in Patients with Oropharyngeal Cancer

Author

Goldsworthy, S., Leslie-Dakers, M., Higgins, S., Barnes, T., Jankowska, P., Dogramadzi, S., Latour, Jos, Goldsworthy, S., Leslie-Dakers, M., Higgins, S., Barnes, T., Jankowska, P., Dogramadzi, S., and Latour, Jos

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of the article was to determine the impact of Dual Registration (DR) image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) on clinical judgement and treatment delivery for patients with oropharyngeal cancer before implementation. Methods: Ninety cone beam computed tomography images from 10 retrospective patients were matched using standard clipbox registration (SCR) and DR. Three IGRT specialist radiographers performed all registrations and evaluated by intraclass correlation to determine inter-rater agreement, Bland-Altman with 95% limits of agreement to determine differences between SCR and DR procedures, changes in clinical judgment, time taken to perform registrations, and radiographer satisfaction. Results: Inter-rater agreement between radiographers using both SCR and DR was high (0.867 and 0.917, P =.0001). The 95% limits of agreement between SCR and DR procedures in the mediolateral, cranial–caudal, and ventrodorsal translational directions were -6.40 to +4.91, -7.49 to +6.05, and -7.00 to +5.44 mm, respectively. The mediolateral direction demonstrated significant proportional bias (P =.001) suggesting non-agreement between SCR and DR. Eighty percent of DR matches resulted in a change in clinical judgement to ensure maximum target coverage. Mean registration times for SCR and DR were 94 and 115 seconds, respectively, and radiographers found DR feasible and satisfactory. Conclusion: The standard method using SCR in patients with oropharyngeal cancer underestimates the deviation in the lower neck. In these patients, DR is an effective IGRT tool to ensure target coverage of the inferior neck nodes and has demonstrated acceptability to radiotherapy clinical practice.

Published
2017

272. Obstacles to technology use when addressing Saudi primary students' mathematics difficulties

Author

Alabdulaziz, M. and Higgins, S.

Subjects
ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION
Abstract

Despite the potential positive effects of using technology with students who have difficulties in mathematics in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the great efforts made by the Saudi Government to improve the education system of the nation, which has included a continuous rise in the educational budget, there still remain some obstacles for some teachers when using technology, and while some of these teachers overcome these barriers, others do not succeed in this the challenge. This paper will investigate the barriers that teachers face when using technology in their classroom in primary schools, and why some overcame obstacles while others did not. Semi-structured interviews and observations were used in this research, which were undertaken with three mathematics teachers from school A which used technology, and the other three from school B, which did not use technology. We found that the major obstacle teachers face when using technology included the teachers’ negative attitudes and beliefs about teaching mathematics using technology, the lack of training in using technology, and the lack of technical support. The head teacher’s attitude also had a great effect on managing the challenges teachers faced, which affected teachers’ decisions to use or not use technology in school.

Published
2016

273. Regulation of the enzymes concerned in the degradation of aromatic compounds in pseudomonas putida

Author

Higgins, S, Higgins, Steven James, and Mandelstam, J

Abstract

Pseudomonas putida metabolises aromatic carboxylic acids by convergent pathways. The regulons for the synthesis of the enzymes involved are controlled by induction and repression by intermediates of the pathways. The results of previous studies in this system suggest that the organism should exhibit a selective enzymic response to mixed aromatic substrates. It has been the aim of this study to predict the enzymic response to mixtures of mandelate, benzoate and parahydroxybenzoate and then to check these predictions experimentally. The affinities of these three inducer substrates for their regulons have been determined by measuring the initial rates of enzyme synthesis over a range of inducer concentrations in cultures growing on glucose. Glucose itself was shown to have very little catabolite repressor effect in this system. From the results, an induction constant, defined as the inducer concentration for half-maximum rate of induction, was estimated for each substrate. Those for the benzoate and mandelate regulons were similar (c. 0.5 mM) and much higher than that for parahydroxybenzoate hydroxylase (andlt; 0.01 mM). By measuring the repressor effect or each aromatic substrate on the induction by one of the other substrates, repression constants (Krep) were also obtained that are a quantitative measure of the affinity of the repressor for that regulon. Mandelate had no repressor activity and the benzoate regulon was not repressed by parahydroxybenzoate. The mandelate regulon was severely repressed by p-OH benzoate (Krep = 0.02 mM) while the effect of benzoate on the parahydroxybenzoate regulon was much less pronounced (Krep = 1.0 mM) . Benzoate had a transient,severe effect on the mandelate regulon and, at high concentrations, a moderate permanent form of repression was observed. The enzymic reponse of the organism following a changeover from growth on a single aromatic carbon source to growth in the presence of an additional aromatic carbon source was predicted by comparing the induction and repression constants for the substrates concerned. Batch cultures were used to provide an indication of the steady state enzymic reponse, which was obtained using a nitrogen-limited chemostat operated at high growth rates. In general, the predictions were experimentally validated. Benzoate oxidase was always fully induced in mixtures containing benzoate, while the mandelate enzymes were almost completely repressed in the presence of parahydroxybenzoate. The mandelate regulon was only partially induced in mixtures containing mandelate and benzoate as was the parahydroxybenzoate regulon in cells grown on parahydroxybenzoate and benzoate. The extent to which the enzymes for the less preferred carbon source were induced was affected by the relative concentrations of the substrates. The results indicate that comparison of induction and repression constants can be used to predict the enzymic behaviour of this organism towards mixed aromatic substrates and it is suggested that this may form the basis of a general method for predicting enzymic adaptation to mixed substrates. Relative substrate utilisation can only be inferred from the induction and repression constants if complete repression of an enzyme system is predicted. Further data are necessary whenever the predictions indicate that more than one enzyme system will be induced. Thus, in this study, it was predicted, and experimentally verified in the chemostat, that mandelate would not be used by cells growing in the presence of mandelate + p-OH benzoate. When induction of two enzyme systems we predicted, the relative utilisation of the substrates was qualitatively related to the enzymic content of the cells. In contrast to other systems where the reaction to mixed substrates seems to be directed towards the selection of the substrate capable of supporting the fastest growth rate, Pseudomonas putida selects, not the best growth substrate (mandelate), but the substrate requiring the synthesis of fewer enzymes for its metabolism (benzoate). Factors in the environment acting as possible selective agents are discussed. In the course of this study, it was also found that the synthesis of the mandelate enzymes wan delayed when low external inducer concentrations were used. At high concentrations, enzyme synthesis rapidly followed the addition of inducer. A pre-induction or maintenance effect was also observed in which cells induced at saturating concentrations of mandelate were able to maintain a maximum rate of induction when transferred to sub-saturating inducer concentrations. Induced cells were able to accumulate mandelate from low external concentrations. These results are discussed in terms of an inducible mandelate transport system. The severe transient repression of the mandelate regulon by benzoate was greatly reduced by pre-induction with mandelate. Benzoate inhibited the accumulation of mandelate by the cells and the action of benzoate on the mandelate regulon is discussed in relation to the possible induction mechanisms of the mandelate regulon.

Published
2016

279. Diagenetic Evolution of the Cangulo Formation Pre-Salt Carbonates (Onshore Namibe Basin, Angola)

Author

Baqués, Vinyet, Moragas, Mar, Fabio, Lapponi, Zeller, Michael, Hunt, David, Casciello, Emilio, Vergés, Jaume, Cruz, Israel, Messager, G., Sharp, Ian, Higgins, S., Freitag, Ulrike, Ferreira, Herrcinda, and Machado, Vladamir

Abstract

AAPG 2016 Annual Convention & Exhibition Occured on 19-22 June 2016 Calgary, Canada, The Cangulo Fm., exposed onshore within the Namibe Basin of Angola, belongs to the Pre-Salt succession, characterized by fluvial to marginal marine sediments deposited during Early Aptian times along the entire West African margin. This unit is composed of two types of carbonate separated by an erosional unconformity. Prevailing carbonate facies below the unconformity are peritidal-like dolostones deposited during a transgressive period. The petrological and geochemical data points to slightly evaporated marine waters responsible for the early dolomitization of these carbonates. In addition, oxidation of organic matter occurred during this time as suggested by the highly depleted values of ¿13C. The erosive surface recorded in the Cangulo Valley is related to a major regressive event. The development of karstic systems affecting the peritidal-like carbonates together with the calcitization of the dolomite cements and Fe-rich mineralization, indicate that meteoric fluids circulated during this period. The drop-off of the phreatic level caused the spring flow onset from basement highs and precipitation of tufa deposits. The ¿18O and ¿13C values together with the Mg/Ca molar ratios of these deposits are coherent with the precipitation from low temperature meteoric waters. The progressively depletion of ¿13C and the decreasing trend of Mg/Ca molar ratio indicate an input of soil-derived CO2 in the system and the transition from phreatic to a vadose diagenetic environment. Tidally-influenced sandstones onlap the tufa deposits. The geochemistry of the cements together with the values from the partially dolomitized tufa carbonates, suggest that mixed marine and meteoric waters were circulating at this time. The end of the transgression is marked by deposition of the Aptian evaporites (Bambata Fm.) representing the maximum transgressive stage in the Cangulo Valley. The tectono-sedimentary and diagenetic reconstruction of the Pre-Salt succession in the Namibe Basin demonstrates a periodic marine influence in the sedimentary record, linked to at least two transgressive events. These are separated by a major forced regression that generated an erosional gap, the consequent drop-off of the phreatic level and the tufa system development. These new data appear to indicate that the latest Pre-Salt succession is not a simple transgressive succession, but rather there is a more complex transgressive-regressive story that needs to be examined in more detail.

Published
2016

281. Exploding head syndrome: a co-activation of alpha-frequency band oscillations as a novel interictal fingerprint?

Author

Sakellariou, D., primary, Higgins, S., additional, Beniczky, S., additional, Gildeh, N., additional, Alekseichuk, I., additional, Drakatos, P., additional, Murphy, P.B., additional, Kent, B., additional, Nesbitt, A., additional, Williams, A.J., additional, Kryger, M., additional, Goadsby, P.J., additional, Richardson, M., additional, Leschziner, G.D., additional, and Rosenzweig, I., additional

Published
2017
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291. Supporting the attainment of disadvantaged pupils: articulating success and good practice : Research report November 2015

Author

Macleod, S., Sharp, C., Bernardinelli, D., Skipp, A., and Higgins, S.

Abstract

The performance gap between pupils from more and less advantaged backgrounds in England is one of the largest among OECD countries (OECD, 2014). The pupil premium was introduced by the coalition government in 2011 to increase social mobility and reduce the gap in performance between pupils from disadvantaged backgrounds and their peers. Schools receive funding for each disadvantaged pupil and can use the funding flexibly, in the best interests of eligible pupils. In November 2014, the Department for Education commissioned the National Foundation for Educational Research (NFER) to investigate the differences between schools in the performance of pupils from disadvantaged backgrounds. The study aimed to identify: 1. Whether there are any common features of schools that have narrowed the gap successfully. 2. Whether there are any possible groups/clusters of schools that have narrowed the gap, and why this is the case. 3. What are schools that have narrowed the gap doing compared to other schools? What leads to them doing well? What lessons can be learnt from them? For the purpose of this study, disadvantaged pupils are identified in the national school datasets used in this analysis based on their eligibility for the pupil premium. This includes pupils eligible for free school meals at any point within the past six years (Ever 6 FSM) and pupils looked after by the local authority.

Published
2015

293. The Effectiveness of Online Instructional Videos in the Acquisition and Demonstration of Cognitive, Affective and Psychomotor Rehabilitation Skills

Author

Cooper, D. and Higgins, S.

Subjects
LB2300, ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION
Abstract

The use of instructional videos to teach clinical skills is an ever growing area of e-learning based upon observational learning which is cited as one of the most basic yet powerful learning strategies. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the effectiveness of online instructional videos for the acquisition and demonstration of cognitive, affective and psychomotor skills amongst Undergraduate students, throughout formative assessments with two different durations of instructional videos. The research suggests that the use of videos to support traditional learning should be encouraged, whilst a conclusive evidence - base for their usage has not yet been established they are a medium which is likely to benefit a proportion of a cohort, and it is very unlikely that they will be harmful to students' learning.

Published
2015

294. Developing great teaching : lessons from the international reviews into effective professional development

Author

Cordingley, P., Higgins, S., Toby Greany, Buckler, N., Coles-Jordan, D., Crisp, B., Saunders, L., and Coe, R.

Abstract

The 2014 DfE consultation on A world-class teaching profession stated that “Feedback from the profession has consistently indicated that too many of the development opportunities on offer are of variable quality”.1 “Too often ‘CPD’ is viewed narrowly as attending courses or listening to stale talks accompanied by endless slides… Teacher development is not always adequately focussed on the specific needs of pupils, nor is it always sustained and practice-based.”2 “There is currently too little robust evidence on the impact of different types of professional development for teachers.”3 These comments on the quality of CPD in England broadly chime with the findings from the OECD TALIS 2013 survey, which states that teachers here report higher than average participation in courses and workshops (75%) and in-service training in outside organizations (22%), but lower than average participation in more in-depth activities, such as research or formal qualifications – and less time spent overall. It was in this context that the government announced its intention in 2015 to support the creation of an independent College of Teaching, as well as to offer a new fund “which will support high quality, evidence-based professional development programmes, led by the Teaching Schools network and rigorously evaluated for impact.”4 It also proposed a new ‘What Works Clearinghouse’-style online platform for knowledge sharing and new non-mandatory standards for teachers’ professional development. This paper draws on the emerging findings from the ongoing umbrella review of evidence on effective professional development for teachers being undertaken by CUREE, UCL IOE and Durham University to indicate implications for future policy around teacher professional development and learning (CPDL).

Published
2015

295. Literature review: Youth agency, peacebuilding and education

Author

Lopes Cardozo, M., Higgins, S., Maber, E., Brandt, C.O., Kusmallah, N., Le Mat, M., and Governance and Inclusive Development (GID, AISSR, FMG)

Abstract

This Literature Review, carried out by consortium researchers at the University of Amsterdam, aims to provide insights into youth agency and the dynamics of conflict and peace in conflict-affected contexts. In particular it focuses on how educational interventions may contribute to enhancing the agency of youth as peacebuilders. The review draws on the theoretical framework developed for the consortium, which locates youth within peacebuilding processes of Reconciliation, Redistribution, Recognition and Representation (four R’s). The review aims to communicate its findings to a broad audience including academic researchers, professional practitioners, policy makers and interested young people.

Published
2015

296. Use of anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents in stable outpatients with coronary artery disease and atrial fibrillation. International CLARIFY registry

Author

Fauchier, L., Greenlaw, N., Ferrari, R., Ford, I., Fox, K. M., Tardif, J. -C., Tendera, M., Steg, P. G., Sokn, F. J., Reid, C., Lang, I., Van den Branden, F., Cesar, L. M., Mattos, M. A., Nazar Luqman, H., Goudev, A., Dorian, P., Hu, D., Widimsky, P., Hassager, C., Danchin, N., Kaab, S., Vardas, P., Sulaiman, K. J., Al Mahmeed, W., Al Suwaidi, J., Al Rashdan, I., Abdulkader, F., Merkely, B., Kaul, U., Daly, K., Tavazzi, L., Jang, Y., Erglis, A., Laucevicius, A., Jamaluddin, A. N., Gamba, M. A., Tulevski, I. I., Stepinska, J., Morais, J., Macarie, C., Oganov, R., Shalnova, S., Al-Zaibag, M., Hou, M. K., Kamensky, G., Fras, Z., Kanic, V., Naidoo, D. P., Zamorano, J. L., Rickli, H., Jaussi, A., Sriratanasathavorn, C., Kalra, P., Lutai, M., Oleksandr, Nguyen, L. V., Henry, R., Ahuad Guerrero, A., Basara, M., Belcastro, F., Bertarini, J. A., Cazenave, C., Dreycopp, H., Egido, J., Estrella, J., Garofalo, D., Giordano, J., Lagioia, H., Lago, N., La Greca, R., Lema, L., Lopez Cabanillas, N., Luquez, H., Miller, C., Prada, E., Rodenas, P., Schena, R. G., Suarez, G., Tomatti, A., Colquhoun, D. M., Conradie, A., Cox, S., Cross, D., Fathi, R., Fitzgerald, B., Hamilton-Craig, I., Holt, G., Jayasinghe, S. R., Mai, N., Moolman, J., Motyer, R. A., Phillips, K., Rafter, A., Rahman, A., Rainbird, A., Scalia, G., Taylor, A., West, P., Alford, K., Amor, R., Astridge, P., Bastian, B., Bates, F., Doohan, M. M., Du Plooy, J., Ford, J. C., Kanagaratnam, L., Khoury, V., Parkin, R., Rogers, J., Sceats, G., Waldman, A., Wang, D., Wright, S., Ardill, J., Aylward, P., Beltrame, J. F., Bradley, J., Heddle, W., Joseph, M., Rajendran, S., Varughese, S., Brice, E., Hockings, B., Janssen, J., Kozlowski, A., O'Shea, J., Playford, D. A., Woollard, K., Ajani, A., Barron, G., Better, N., Chan, B., Chan, R., Cotroneo, J., Counsell, J. T., Eccleston, D. S., Forge, B. H. R., Hamer, A., Horrigan, M., Jelinek, V. M. J., Lew, R., O'Donnell, D., Panetta, F., Sebastian, M., Soward, A., Srivastava, P., Strathmore, N. F., Sylivris, S., Szto, G., Veth, V., Yip, T., Badr-Eslam, R., Kleemann, L., Steurer, G., Morz-Proszowski, B., Auhser, F., Teleky, U., Sepp, G., Beinhauer, A., Kero, D., Lavicka, C., Perger, T., Hadjiivanov, V., Feldner-Busztin, M., Mika, R., Filip, W., Mahr, A., Toplak, J., Millauer, M. G., Haralambus, P., Walcher, K., Karner, K. H., Ziak, E., Painsipp, P., Frank, U., Suntinger, A., Gritsch, W., Bode, G., Herrmann, R., Raffelsberger, R., Topf, H., Moser, E., Fochterle, J., Honsig, T., Mayr, K., Mayr, H., Kaserbacher, R., Dzien, A., Galehr, E., Felbermayer, M., Schwarz, R., Amini, R., Appeltants, H., Ballet, A., Bar, J. -P., Beckers, J., Bergen, J. -M., Berkenboom, G., Bernard, X., Bouvy, T., Briki, R., Claeys, M., Dascotte, Y., Davin, L., De Backer, T., De Keyser, F., De Meester, A., De Ridder, S., Dendale, P., Denef, K., Dhondt, E., Emonts, M., Geraedts, J. T. M., Goethals, M., Gregoire, J. -M., Haine, E., Herbots, T., Hoffer, E., Hutse, W. H. J., Kassab, A., Lafontaine, P., Lancellotti, P., Lefebvre, P., Lesseliers, H., Lozano, A., Maamar, R., Martinez, C., Noel, J. -F., Odent, G., Pasquet, A., Peperstraete, B., Purnode, P., Rogowsky, A., Rosseel, M., Salembier, J. -P., Surmont, P., Thermol, P., Vandeplas, A. M. F., Van de Walle, S., Vandergoten, P., Vanhauwaert, B. G., Vanneste, L., Vercammen, J., Verleyen, D., Vermander, D., Vervoort, G., Weytjens, C., Yanni, N., da Costa Pereira, A., Rocha de Lorenzo, A., Felice Castro Issa, A., Mahler Mioto, B., de Brito Vianna, C., Segre, C. A. W., Grupi, C. J., Okawabata, C., Favarato, D., Giusti Rossi, E., Fernandes, F., Pitella, F., Alvarez Ramires, F. J., Henpin Yue Cesena, F., Monteiro Ferreira, J. F., Junior, J. F., Tonet, L., Nastari, L., Machado Cesar, L., Gowdak, L. H., Matos, M. A., Moretti, M., Morgado, P. C., Vicente Amato, R., Tadeu Munhoz, R., Coimbra, S. R., Luqman, H. N., Yakovova, S., Mantcheva, M., Mincheva, V., Baurenski, L., Karastanev, K., Yordanova, V., Peneva, Y., Bailey, A., Wong, P., Fagan, M., Sabe-Affaki, G., Villasenor, F. M., Belisle, P., Son, W. K., Manyari, D. E., Giacomantonio, N., Lubelsky, B. J., Ezekiel, D., Leong, J. C. S., Grover, A., Vavougios, J., Pesant, Y., Kushner, A. M., Yeung, M. M. M., Vertes, G. E., Nasser-Sharif, F. J., Abdulla, A. H. 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L., Alcocer Gamba, M., Alexanderson, E., Ruiz Esparza, M. E., Elizondo Sifuentes, L. A., Briseno, J. L., Sandoval, S., Castro, A., Cue Carpio, R., Rodriguez, E., Rojas, G., Solache, G., Diaz, R., Baleon, R., Ferreyra Solorio, C., Alberto Ramirez Reyes, H., Lopez Martinez, M., Romero Maldonado, M. A., Escobedo de la Pena, J., Hilario Jimenez Orozco, J., Reyes Cisneros, F. A., Alvarez Gil, J., Bautista, G., Lopez, Odin de los Rios Ibarra, M., Somsen, G. A., Wittekoek, J. E., Miedema, K., de Sauvage Nolting, P. R. W., Chlewicka, I., Brodzicki, P., Stasiuk, T., Szalkowski, P., Kulig, W., Maliszewski, M., Krolicka, K., Zdrojewska, J., Nikodemska, I., Szpak, A., Wrebiak-Trznadel, M., Prokop, A., Szulc, M., Olszewski, A., Kepa, W., Banach, J., Weglarz, M., Galuszka-Bilinska, A., Krolak, A., Cisowska-Drozd, E., Orzechowski, K., Jezewska, M., Adamaszek, K., Glanowska, G., Pitsch, T., Matuszewska, G., Nowowiejska-Wiewiora, A., Deren, M., Walawski, G., Soltysiak, M., Wysocki, R., Jarosinski, G., Drzewiecka, A., Lugowski, T., Jankowska, A., Blaszczak, P., Drozd, J., Lotocka, E., Duchowska, R., Sobczyk, D., Jarmuzek, P., Sidor, M., Adamczyk-Kot, D., Sudnik, J., Cygler, J., Skoczylas, I., Poprawa, B., Kisiel, L., Kossowska, U., Sikorska-Buczkowska, B., Modzelewska, K., Demianiuk, B., Streb, W., Mularek-Kubzdela, T., Bogdanski, P., Kazmierczak, E., Zimolag, R., Lorenc, J., Furtak, R., Regulska, A., Winter, M., Fic, M., Turek, P., Nowicka, E., Bryl, W., Lenartowska, L., Jerzykowska, O., Mackow, M., Gadzinski, W., Kacorzyk, R., Zalewska, D., Sadlowski, R., Slaboszewska, J., Gruchala, M., Frankiewicz, A., Walczewska, J., Adamkiewicz-Piejko, A., Chyrek, R., Jankowska, L., Correia, A., Girao, A., Herdade, A., Sequeira, A., Tavares E Taveira, A., Gonzaga, A., Ribeiro, A., Albuquerque, A., Fernandes, A., Estriga, A., Rocha De Almeida, A., Lourenco, A., Pereira, A., Faria, A., Carvalho De Moura, B., Camossa, C., Alves, C., Aguiar, C., Rodrigues, C., Wellenkamp, E., Lins, E., Fernandes De Sousa, F., Moreira Pinto, F., Matias, F., Silva Alves, G., Braganca, G., Proenca, G., Pego, G., Vinhas, H., Arroja, I., Rosa Pais, J., Silva E Sa, J., Vasconcelos, J., Matos, J., Freitas, J., Ferreira, J., Costa, J., Alcaravela, J., Mimoso, J., Antunes, J., Ferreira Dos Santos, J., Nobre Dos santos, J., Tito Martins, J., Fernandes, J., Chambel De Aguiar, J., Moreira, J., Carvalho, J., Forte De Carvalho, J., Calaca, J., Simoes, L., Lopes Antunes, L., Soares, L., Semedo, L., Macedo, L., Sargento, L., Basto, L., Carpinteiro, L., Rebelo, L., Oliveira, L., Catarino Carvalho, M., Alves Costa, M., Gamboa, M. C., Ferrao E Vasconcelos, M. F., Custodio, M. H., Mendonca, M. I., Pinto Vaz, M. J., Espiga De Macedo, M., Lazaro, M., Martins Oliveira, M., Pelicano, N., Lousada, N., Rodrigues, O., Matos Dias, P., Fonseca, P. F., Ferreira, P., Abreu, P. E., Monteiro, P., Seabra Gomes, R., Carvalho, R., Santos, R., Pires Pereira, R., Rosado Soares, R., Baptista, S., Reis Monteiro, S., Gil, V., Sanfins, V., Martins, V., Anghel, M., Arsenescu Georgescu, C., Babes, K., Banu, M., Beyer, R., Bratu, I., Bumbu, A., Capalneanu, R., Chioncel, O. D., Chiscaneanu, T., Christodorescu, R., Cindea Nica, N., Cinteza, M., Coman, S., Constantinescu, M., Craiu, E., Dan, G. A., Dan, D. C., Dan, A., David, C. M., Dorobantu, M., Farcas, D., Firastrau, V., Florescu, C., Ghicu, A., Giuca, A., Grigoriu, R., Ionescu, D. A., Ionescu, D. D., Iosipescu, L. C., Ivan, M. V., Lighezan, D., Magheru, S., Magherusan, M., Marinescu, S. M., Motoc, A. C., Musetescu, R., Rau, M., Rotaru, L., Rus, H., Sirbu, O., Sorodoc, L., Spinu, C. M., Stanciulescu, G., Statescu, C., Toringhibel, M., Trambitas, R., Trocan, N., Tudose, A., Vinereanu, D., Zagreanu, M., Dymova, D., Semenova, N., Zherebtsova, A., Fedoskin, V., Gurianova, N., Bolotova, N., Knyazeva, V., Spitsina, T., Sytilina, N., Atamanchuk, N., Giorgadze, M., Zarechnova, S., Kutuzova, S., Sharapova, Y., Stelmakh, I., Sinyukova, O., Rostik, S., Evtukhova, L., Sukhanova, L., Makhieva, T., Tereshko, S., Kolesnikov, V., Kochurov, E., Marchenko, B., Nurgalieva, S., Galeeva, Z., Andreicheva, E., Zakirova, V., Baleeva, L., Minsafina, A., Borodina, N., Arkhipova, Y., Krechunova, T., Scherbak, M., Merkhi, A., Aksyutina, N., Ratovskaya, O., Suglobova, E., Kozhelenko, Y., Potapova, E., Poluyanova, G., Naberezhnova, N., Daniels, E., Atueva, K., Tsaryabina, L., Kurekhyan, A., Khishova, N., Dubinina, E., Demina, O., Mochkina, P., Bukanina, E., Tolpygina, S., Polyanskaya, Y., Malysheva, A., Kheliya, T., Serazhim, A., Voronina, V., Lukina, Y., Dubinskaya, R., Dmitrieva, N., Kuzyakina, M., Khartova, N., Bokuchava, N., Smirnova, E., Esenokova, A., Pavlova, Y., Smirnova, O., Astrakhantseva, P., Bykovskaya, S., Charikova, O., Berdnik, K., Karaseva, T., Zhabina, L., Oleinikova, N., Dzhkha, O., Grigoryan, S., Yakovenko, E., Ivaschenko, T., Kiseleva, I., Shokina, T., Novikova, M., Khodanov, A., Popova, L., Latyntseva, L., Kilaberiya, O., Makarenkova, K., Nosova, N., Gerasimova, T., Boikova, L., Sharapova, N., Kulikova, Y., Pasechnaya, N., Bulakhova, E., Kurochkina, S., Bratishko, I., Likhobabina, O., Panova, E., Voronina, N., Bizyaeva, N., Gusev, O., Nevolina, N., Arsentieva, T., Budanova, I., London, E., Melnikova, Khripun, A., Polyaeva, L., Osadchuk, E., Krasnoslobodskaya, O., Yakimova, N., Lugin, A., Sosnova, Y., Il'ina, E., Kositsina, G., Shanina, I., Kostomarova, S., Malgina, M., Omelchenko, M., Gorlova, I., Eidelman, S., Salakhova, A., Bondarenko, B., Sopia, R., Baboshina, N., Eliseeva, N., Tumarov, F., Petrochenko, N., Khudina, I., Arabadzhi, N., Samakhovets, V., Tkhorzhevskaya, L., Sinotova, T., Zherlitsyna, E., Minkin, S., Petrova, N., Tikhonov, Y., Shmakova, N., Abduvalieva, V., Kuzmicheva, M., Nikolaeva, L., Varezhnikova, O., Dmitrieva, T., Mikhailova, E., Yanina, Y., Kapustina, L., Vazhdaeva, Z., Golovina, G., Fedorova, N., Nikolaeva, I., Fillipova, O., Gareeva, L., Tuktarova, F., Khmelevskikh, N., Karnot, V., Golub, M., Surovtseva, I., Kulygina, V., Shelomova, N., Kruglova, I., Pokrovskaya, I., Rodina, O., Polkina, L., Biryukova, N., Filippova, E., Kotova, E., Ignatieva, T., Alekseeva, T., Gruznykh, L., Mozerova, E., Moksyuta, E., Kosachek, E., Srtumilenko, N., Baranova, O., Voronova, T., Bayakhchan, L., Grudtsina, I., Gorshkova, L., Shamsutdinova, O., Getman, M., Gorodilova, I., Karnaukhova, N., Rotenberger, V., Isaeva, L., Lebischak, G., Ryzhkova, V., Usoltseva, E., Mescharekova, D., Tavlueva, E., Mineeva, E., Stikhurova, M., Kosareva, L., Grechishkina, O., Nikishina, S., Ilyukhina, A., Gureeva, O., Soin, I., Erofeev, S., Lebedev, S., Kudryavtsev, L., Gamzatov, E., Maximchuk, N., Grekhova, L., Kolevatova, L., Kazakovtseva, M., Kolesova, O., Zharikova, L., Kukaleva, V., Starostina, N., Grushetskaya, I., Kazachkova, V., Pashentseva, I., Shimonenko, S., Sirazov, I., Chernozemova, A., Golubeva, O., Mingalaeva, S., Zatsarina, E., Kozlov, D., Davydova, N., Larina, O., Fayez Al-Habib, K., Al-Hersi, A., Al-Baker, H., Al-Faleh, H., Moberik, A., Radwan Arafah, M., Al-Shamiri, M., El-Shaer, F., Al Zaibag, M., Bdeir, M., Suliman, I., Mukhtar, A., Omar, H., Jamiel, A., Elkrail, A., Alanazy, M., Habab, M., Ashmak, K., Nourallah, R., Mak, K. H., Singh, B., Baldev, S., Chee, T. S., Koo, C. C., Low, L. P., Nair, V. P., K. S., Ng, Quek, S. S. S., Tan, E. H. M., A. L. R., Ng, Chuang, H. H., Kaliska, G., Murin, J., Hatalova, K., Gaspar, L., Simkova, I., Dubrava, J., Pjontek, J., Pella, D., Banikova, A., Szentivanyi, M., Kovar, F., Benacka, J., Gonos, I., Fazekas, F., Kycina, P., Poles, J., Pernat, A., Veternik, A., Cernic-Suligoj, N., Kerbev, M., Krajnc, I., Zagozen, P., Alam, A., Brown, B., Luke, B., Variava, E., Nethononda, R., Joubert, S., Matthews, P., Nkombua, L., Antia, V., Bhayat, J., George, S. K., Ranjith, N., Vawda, G. H. M., Govender, S., Soosiwala, I., Shein, K., Panajatovic, M., Flores, J., Khan, M. S. H., Blignaut, S., Coetzee, K., Burgess, L., Freeman, V., Theron, H. D., Arnau Vives, M. A., Abardia Oliva, F. J., Albero Martinez, V., Alegret Colomer, J. M., Alegria Ezquerra, E., Almeida Fernandez, C. A., Alvarenga Recalde, N., Alvarez Aunon, A., Alvarez Garcia, P., Amo Fernandez, C., Amoros Galito, C., Ancin Viguiristi, R., Antona Makoshi, J., Aparici Feal, M., Ardiaca Capell, A., Arnedillo Pardo, J., Arquero Garcia, G., Arrarte Esteban, V., Baquero Alonso, M., Barahona Perez, P., Bardaji Mayor, J. L., Barriales Alvarez, V., Batalla Celorio, A., Bierge Valero, D., Blanco Castineiras, J., Bosa Ojeda, F., Botana Penas, C., Brufau Redondo, H., Bruguera Cortada, J., Cabau Rubies, J., Cabrera Sole, R., Calvo Iglesias, F., Cantabrana Miguel, S., Carrillo Cardoso, R., Casanovas Pie, M., Casas Gimenez, P., Castillo Luena, E., Castillo Moreno, J. A., Castillo Orive, M., Chirivella Gonzalez, A., Chopo Alcubilla, J. M., Climent Paya, V., Cobos Gil, M. A., Colomer Martin, J. L., Concepcion Clemente, A., Cortes Sanchez, R., Cremer Luengo, D., Darnes Soler, S., de Andres Novales, J., De Castro Aritmendiz, R., Delgado Prieto, J. L., Diaz Diaz, J. L., Escobar Cervantes, C., Ezcurdia Sasieta, J., Facila Rubio, L., Falces Salvador, C., Federico Zaragoza, P., Fernandez Alvarez, R., Fernandez de la Cigona, F., Fernandez Lazaro, L. A., Fernandez Leoz, L. C., Fernandez Mouzo, R., Fernandez-Valls Gomez, M., Ferreiro Rodriguez, B., Franco Aranda, C., Freire Corzo, J., Fuertes Alonso, J., Fuertes Beneitez, J., Galve Basilio, E., Garcia Garcia, C., Garcia Gonzalez, M. J., Garcia Ortego, S., Garcia Saavedra, V., Garcia-Moll Marimon, J., Gascuena Rubia, R., Gentille Lorente, D., Gervas Pavon, H., Gilabert Gomez, R., Gomez Barrado, J. J., Gomez Doblas, J. J., Gomez Martinez, M. J., Gonzalez Juanatey, C., Gonzalez Toda, V., Gonzalvez Ortega, M., Gordillo Higuero, E., Hernandez Afonso, J., Herrera Fernandez, D., Homs Espinach, E., Idoate Gastearena, A., Irurita Latasa, M., Izquierdo Gonzalez, R., Jaquet Herter, M., Lagares Carballo, M., Lastra Galan, J. A., Limeres Gonzalez, B., Lopez Aranda, M. A., Lopez Barreiro, L., Lopez Gomez, D., Lopez Granados, A., Lopez Mourino, V., Lopez-Sendon, J. L., Mainar Latorre, L., Marin Araez, E., Marin Ortuno, F., Martin Santana, A., Martinez Florez, J., Martinez Gonzalez, J., Martinez Rivero, J. F., Marzal Martin, D., Mazzanti Mignaqui, G. F., Melero Pita, A., Molina Laborda, E., Montero Gaspar, M. A., Mora Robles, J., Morales Gonzalez, J., Moreno Arribas, J., Moreno Casquete, M. T., Moro Lopez, J. A., Moya Lopez, C., Murga Eizagaechevarria, N., Narro Garcia, F., Navarro Manchon, J., Navas Navas, C., Novo Garcia, E., Nunez Gamero, J. A., Ordonez Espana, A., Ortiz de Murua Lopez, J. A., Orts Soler, E., Otero Chulian, E., Pastor Torres, L., Paule Sanchez, A. J., Paz Bermejo, M. A., Pena Perez, G., Perea Egido, J. A., Perez de Isla, L., Perez Ibiricu, S., Perez Martinez, M. A., Perez Paredes, M., Peris Domingo, E., Pinar Sopena, J., Pindado Rodriguez, C., Pinilla Lozano, M. J., Pinero Ramirez, C., Porras Ramos, Y., Ramos Ariznabarreta, F., Rayo Gutierrez, M., Roca Catalan, J. M., Rodriguez Almodovar, A., Rodriguez Collado, J., Rodriguez Fernandez, A., Rodriguez Fernandez, J. A., Rodriguez Hernandez, J. A., Rodriguez Tejero, I., Romeo Castillejo, I., Romero Alvira, D., Romero Hinojosa, J. A., Romero Menor, C., Rossi Sevillano, P., Rueda Calle, E. C., Rueda Soriano, J., Ruiz Perez, P., Sagastagoitia Gorostiza, T., Sainz Hidalgo, I., Sandin Rollan, M., Santaolalla Rodriguez, S., Santas Olmeda, E., Santos Iglesias, J. L., Sanz Rodriguez, M. L., Segura Laborda, I., Serrano Garcia, S., Sevilla Toral, B., Silva Melchor, L., Simarro Martin-Ambrioso, E., Sola Casado, R., Soriano Navarro, C., Soto Ruiz, M. I., Talavera Calle, P., Torres Diaz, P. L., Troncoso Gil, A., Trujillo Berraquero, F., Ulecia Martinez, M. A., Umaran Sanchez, J., Vaticon Herreros, C., Vazquez Garcia, A., Vega Barbado, J. L., Velasco Espejo-Saavedra, E., Vicente Vera, T., Vida Gutierrez, M., Villar Mariscal, C., Vives Bonato, G., Wu Amen, L., Yanes Bowden, G., Yanez Wonenburger, J. C., Zamorano Gomez, J. L., Zarauza Navarro, J., Monnier, P., Forclaz, A., Grobety, M., Schlueter, L., Vuille, C., Nacht, C. A., Evequoz, D., Ciaroni, S., Domine, F., Berube, J., Hellermann, J., Koller, R., Bourgeois, G., Engel, R., Niederberger, C., Stadler, P., Gnadinger, M., Schmied, C., Wettstein, T., Badorff, C., Hilti, P., Chetelat, C. A., Sepulcri, F., Brunner, H., Schindler, J., Kraus, M., Gmur, W., Bouranasompop, C., Jiraroj-ungkun, W., Lapanun, W., Vivekaphirat, V., Panpunnung, S., Dutsadeevettakul, S., Tasneeyapant, S., Ngamjanyaporn, P., Apitamsuntorn, S., Tantisiriwat, W., Suithichaiyakul, T., Kuanprasert, S., Wongcharoen, W., Phrommintikul, A., Musigchai, C., Chantrarat, T., Uerojanaungkul, P., Apinyasawat, S., Tangcharoen, T., Lertnantakul, M., Wasuwat, A., Harinasuta, J., See, O., Chaithiraphan, V., Boonyasirinant, T., Boonyapisit, W., Kittipovanonth, M., Buakhamsri, A., Piyayotai, D., Hutayanon, P., Junejo, S., Aiyegbayo, O., Ancliff, H., Bradshaw, C., Cervenak, R., Choi, H., George, E., Gilmour, I., Gough, D., Idrissi-Sbai, A., Ingham, J., Al-Khalidi, B., Liston, A., Mackrell, J., Pattison, I., Ramachandran, R., Ray, N., Reddy, G., Sen, I., Shetty, K., Singh, L., Stanley, M., Wallace, A., Weatherhead, M., Gilbert, T., McCansh, G., Higgins, S., Killeen, C., Cromarty, I., Franklin, P., Pinch, E., Dhesi, A., Dernedde, C., Lawrence, M., Simper, H., Noble, M., Dalton, G., Stevens, L., Berry, P., Hand, C., Oliver, R., Jones, H., Sampson, P., Taylor, N., Grogono, R., Dalrymple, J., Martin, A., Thurston, S., Elsby, K., Vallis, M., Morrison, G., Lang, C., Watson, A., Thomson, A., Dougall, H., La Hay, B., Compson, L., McCracken, A., Calder, J., Weber, F., Richmond, D., Brownlie, R., Brown, G., MacCowan, H., Heap, A., Perry, M., Holden, L. A., Scott, G., Haldane, N., Hood, S., Cullen, I., Bell, J., McNaught, P., Sharif, M., Dunn, J., Hay, D., Ross, S., Shaw, R., Hay, L., Langridge, S., Burns, R., Crawford, L., Kennedy, A., Logan, D., McAlavey, P., Brown, M., Costello, P., McLaren, G., Potter, A., McPherson, J., Drijfhout, M., Finlayson, J., Troup, D., Woodall, A., Pearce, J., Williams, S., Parkar, W., Yusuf, A., Benett, I., Bishop, P., Thomas, H., Caldwell, I., Ormiston, P., Kwok, S., Kanumilli, N., Saul, P., Milligan, H., Wilkinson, I., Vance, A., Paul, N., Paul, C., Shaikh, I., Ellis, R., Vites, N., Steeds, R., Goodwin, D., Aftab, A., Banham, S., Chauhan, N., Grocutt, M. S., Gupte, A., Jordan, R., Jheeta, B. S., Ladha, K., Nazir, M., Pal, R., Patel, R. P., McManus, R., Singal, A., Saunders, P., Syed, A. B., Bahal, A., Dau, H., Walker, D. M., McNeilly, R., Bolidai, A., MacCarthy, N., Lawton, D., Vardhani, M., Sengupta, G., Kinloch, D., Howie, F., Serrano-Garcia, A., Paget, S. E., Till, R., Seal, P., Morrell, J., Maxwell, T., Singh, G., Warden, D., Elias, R., Dixon, C., Pandey, R. K., Challenor, V., Davies, S., Gibbs, M., Gillet, A., Goldie, C., Jarvis, I., Johnson, P., Malden, M., Moore, J., Morton, C., Nehrig, K., Sheringham, P., Wilson, G., Halcox, J., O'Connor, I., Ling, K., Edwards, D., Charles, H., Weatherup, A., Davies, E., Watkins, N., Morgan, D., Davies, R., Lindsay, A., Beacock, D., Balai, R., Kirmond, P., Brindle, P., Bundy, C., Cahill, T., Dayani, A., Eavis, P., Mohr, S., Hayne, S., Krasucki, C., Micheals, M., Orpen, I., Parker, I., Sewell, R., Sharp, D., Smith, A., Stevens, A., Upton, J., Victory, J., Wernham, C., Davis, R., Mays, C., Andrews, M., Takhar, J., Travill, C., Choudhury, P., Matta, W., Ihonor, A., O'Dong, C., Rahman, S., Singer, P., Gillam, S., Bath, P. S., Razzaq, N., O'Toole, O., Rowe, P., Williams, H., Allcock, A., Tucker, A., Sprott, V., Kyd, K., Cunliffe, G., Arden, C., Bateman, A., Kassianos, G., Sinclair, D., Turner, C., Jagathesan, R., Sattar, F., Ashford, A., Chukwu, A., Taylor, H., Pradhan, R., Rundell, T., Howlett, R., Bietzk, R., Myint, M., Partington, M., O'Reilly, F., Baverstock, M., Dixon, S., Tennekoon, M., Brand, N., Haimes, P., Keller, P., Whetstone, S., Kovyrshyna, O., Rogozhyna, V., Kiver, T., Vasylenko, V., Kucheryava, L., Salimova, S., Alekseenko, V., Gukov, O., Myhailiv, I., Kardashevskaya, L., Prikolota, O., Bashkirtcev, O., Andreev, E., Tkachenko, L., Mospan, M., Batushkin, V., Safonova, L., Ogorodnichuk, A., Pustovit, S., Romanov, S., Burlakova, L., Voloshko, Y., Lafarenko, V., Vlasuk, Z., Leshchuk, O., Chushak, S., Koval, V., Stasuk, O., Pogrebna, O., Kornienko, S., Tikhonova, S., Fesenko, T., Kuzmina, T., Ushakov, O., Vechtomova, N., Potapska, L., Illushechkin, I., Kryvenkova, E., Lysunets, O., Tsygankov, O., Bardachenko, L., Voloshyna, L., Ginzburg, V., Franskyavichene, L., Korotich, T., Vyshnevaya, N., Bilous, N., Kulinich, S., Kulik, V., Sadykova, I., Berezhna, T., Molotyagina, S., Pham, M. H., Pham, H. T., Khong, N. H., K. B., Do, T. B., Le, P. A., Do, T. C., Do, Nguyen, N. Q., Q. H., Do, K. C., Vu, Pham, N. H., Pham, T. H. T., M. C., Ta, Phan, D. P., Nguyen, T. T. H., Pham, T. T. N., T. L., To, V. T., Le, Dang, L., Bui, L., Pham, T. T. H., Phan, H. H., Bui, T. T. H., Tuong, T. V. A., Nguyen, T. P., Nguyen, T. H., Nguyen, B. K., D. B., Vu, Pham, N. S., T. Q., Do, Pham, T. S., Dang, V. D., D. T., Le, V. C., Do, Nguyen, T. K. L., Luong, H. D., Luu, T. Q., Pham, N. V., Huynh, T. K., N. T. H., Tu, Ngo, K. A., Nguyen, T. T. C., Ong, T. T. L., Doan, V. B., Kim, T. B., T. N., Vo, Tran, T. T. T., Nguyen, T. A., Tran, V. D., Nguyen, A. K., Tran, A. C., Ngo, M. H., N. H., Vu, I. T., Ly, Tran, N. P. H., Tran, L. U. P., Nguyen, T. N., Tran, T. H., Truong, P. H., Mai, T. L., Hoang, V. S., Bui, C. M. A., Dang, V. P., Truong, Q. B., M. P., Vo, Nguyen, V. T., Chau, N. H., T. T. H., Ta, Dinh, H. N., Tran, H., Nguyen, H. K. N., Chung, A., Chung, E., Martina-Hooi, B., Angela, R., Ramoutar, P., Fillet, R., Tilluckdharry, R., Dookie, T., Foster, E., Hart, C., Omardeen, F., Ramphall, S., Lalla, C., Cheng, J., Elliott, V., Falconer, H., Hurlock-Clarke, L., Ishmael, R., Lalljie, G., Lee, K., Liqui-Lung, A., Massay, R., Mohammed, H., Brown, C., Daniel, R., Didier, M., Salas, Z., CHU Trousseau [Tours], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), University of Glasgow, Maria Cecilia Hospital [Cotignola], Royal Brompton Hospital, Montreal Heart Institute Coordinating Centre (MHICC), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Medical University of Silesia (SUM), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire de Recherche Vasculaire Translationnelle (LVTS (UMR_S_1148 / U1148)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Dorogoichenko, Aleksandra, Laucevičius, Aleksandras, Jurgaitienė, Rūta, Šlapikas, Rimvydas, Barauskienė, Gražina, Jankauskienė, Edita, Revienė, Sigita, Vaišvila, Tautvydas, Zaronskienė, Danutė, Šlapikienė, Ona Birutė, Kupstytė, Nora, Rinkūnienė, Egidija, Steponėnienė, Rima Vitalija, Kojelienė, Jūratė, Badarienė, Jolita, Dženkevičiūtė, Vilma, Sadauskienė, Eglė, Butkuvienė, Irena, Stankevičius, R., Paliulionienė, R., Snikytė, R., Mažutavičius, R., and CLARIFY Investigators

Subjects
Male, Genetics and Molecular Biology (all), Heart disease, medicine.medical_treatment, atrial fibrillation, coronary, anticoagulants, patients, atrial flutter, lcsh:Medicine, Coronary Artery Disease, Practice Patterns, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Chest pain, Biochemistry, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Cohort Studies, Coronary artery disease, Angina, 0302 clinical medicine, Aged, Anticoagulants, Atrial Fibrillation, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Guideline Adherence, Humans, Outpatients, Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors, Practice Patterns, Physicians', Registries, Practice Patterns, Physicians'/statistics & numerical data, 030212 general & internal medicine, Myocardial infarction, lcsh:Science, Stroke, Anticoagulants/administration & dosage, Multidisciplinary, Medicine (all), Atrial fibrillation, Guideline Adherence/statistics & numerical data, 3. Good health, Combination, Cardiology, [SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, medicine.symptom, Research Article, medicine.medical_specialty, Coronary Artery Disease/drug therapy, Agricultural and Biological Sciences (all), Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (all), NO, 03 medical and health sciences, Drug Therapy, Internal medicine, medicine, Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/administration & dosage, Physicians', Atrial Fibrillation/drug therapy, business.industry, lcsh:R, Percutaneous coronary intervention, Outpatients/statistics & numerical data, medicine.disease, lcsh:Q, Human medicine, business
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Few data are available regarding the use of antithrombotic strategies in coronary artery disease patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) in everyday practice. We sought to describe the prevalence of AF and its antithrombotic management in a contemporary population of patients with stable coronary artery disease.METHODS AND FINDINGS: CLARIFY is an international, prospective, longitudinal registry of outpatients with stable coronary artery disease, defined as prior (≥12 months) myocardial infarction, revascularization procedure, coronary stenosis >50%, or chest pain associated with evidence of myocardial ischemia. Overall, 33,428 patients were screened, of whom 32,954 had data available for analysis at baseline; of these 2,229 (6.7%) had a history of AF. Median (interquartile range) CHA2DS2-VASc score was 4 (3, 5). Oral anticoagulation alone was used in 25.7%, antiplatelet therapy alone in 52.8% (single 41.8%, dual 11.0%), and both in 21.5%. OAC use was independently associated with permanent AF (pCONCLUSIONS: In this contemporary cohort of patients with stable coronary artery disease and AF, most of whom are theoretical candidates for anticoagulation, oral anticoagulants were used in only 47.2%. Half of the patients received antiplatelet therapy alone and one-fifth received both antiplatelets and oral anticoagulants. Efforts are needed to improve adherence to guidelines in these patients.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN registry of clinical trials: ISRCTN43070564.

Published
2015
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298. Admission cardiotocography versus intermittent auscultation of the fetal heart in low-risk pregnancy during evaluation for possible labour admission - a multicentre randomised trial: the ADCAR trial.

Author

Smith, V, Begley, C, Newell, J, Higgins, S, Murphy, DJ, White, MJ, Morrison, JJ, Canny, S, O'Donovan, D, Devane, D, Murphy, D J, White, M J, and Morrison, J J

Subjects
FETAL heart rate monitoring, HEART auscultation, DELIVERY (Obstetrics), MEDICAL quality control, HEALTH outcome assessment, CESAREAN section, COMPARATIVE studies, LABOR (Obstetrics), RESEARCH methodology, EVALUATION of medical care, MEDICAL cooperation, PREGNANCY, RESEARCH, EVALUATION research, RANDOMIZED controlled trials, RETROSPECTIVE studies, FETAL heart rate
Abstract

Objective: To assess the effect of admission cardiotocography (ACTG) versus intermittent auscultation (IA) of the fetal heart (FH) in low-risk pregnancy during assessment for possible labour on caesarean section rates.Design: A parallel multicentre randomised trial.Setting: Three maternity units in the Republic of Ireland.Population: Healthy, low-risk pregnant women, at term and ≥ 18 years old, who provided written informed consent.Methods: Women were randomised to receive IA of the FH or 20 minutes ACTG on admission for possible labour onset, using remote telephone randomisation. Both groups received IA during labour, with conversion to continuous CTG as clinically indicated.Main Outcome Measures: Caesarean section (primary outcome), obstetric interventions (e.g. continuous CTG during labour, fetal blood sampling, augmentation of labour) and neonatal morbidity (e.g. metabolic acidosis, admission to the neonatal intensive care unit, neonatal death).Results: Based on 3034 women (1513 and 1521 randomised to IA and ACTG, respectively), there was no statistical difference between the groups in caesarean section [130 (8.6%) and 105 (6.9%) for IA and ACTG groups, respectively; relative risk (RR) 1.24; 95% CI 0.97-1.58], or in any other outcome except for use of continuous CTG during labour, which was lower in the IA group (RR 0.90, 95% CI 0.86-0.93).Conclusion: Our study demonstrates no differences in obstetric or neonatal outcomes between IA and ACTG for women with possible labour onset, other than an increased risk for continuous CTG in women receiving ACTG.Tweetable Abstract: No differences in outcomes between intermittent auscultation and admission cardiotocography for women with possible labour onset. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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