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257 results on '"James S. Jackson"'

251. The Health, Physical Functioning, and Informal Supports of the Black Elderly

Author

Rose C. Gibson and James S. Jackson

Subjects
Gerontology, Social support, Activities of daily living, Physical functioning, Health Policy, Elderly population, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Public policy, Social environment, Psychology
Abstract

Among the elderly population, blacks are increasing more rapidly--and perhaps differently--than whites. Cross-sectional data from two unique surveys describe their heterogeneity in health, physical functioning, and social networks at "younger," middle, and "older" ages. The relation between age and these factors may be nonlinear; indeed, evidence supports the contention of a racial "crossover" at advanced ages. Life experiences--ecological, social, economic, and familial--of successive cohorts are likely to pose different problems for elderly blacks in the future. Further research into these differences should inform public policy.

Published
1987

254. Hope and Independence : Blacks' Response to Electoral and Party Politics

Author

Patricia Gurin, Shirley Hatchett, James S. Jackson, Patricia Gurin, Shirley Hatchett, and James S. Jackson

Subjects
African Americans--Suffrage, Political parties--United States, African Americans--Politics and government, Presidents--United States--Election--1984
Abstract

Over the past fifteen years, a New Black Politics has swept black candidates into office and registered black voters in numbers unimaginable since the days of Reconstruction. Based on interviews with a representative sample of nearly 1,000 voting-age black Americans, Hope and Independence explores blacks'attitudes toward electoral and party politics and toward Jesse Jackson's first presidential bid. Viewed in the light of black political history, the survey reveals enduring themes of hope (for eventual inclusion in traditional politics, despite repeated disappointments) and independence (a strategy of operating outside conventional political institutions in order to achieve incorporation). The authors describe a black electorate that is less alienated than many have suggested. Blacks are more politically engaged than whites with comparable levels of education. And despite growing economic inequality in the black community, the authors find no serious class-based political cleavage. Underlying the widespread support for Jackson among blacks, a distinction emerges between'common fate'solidarity, which is pro-black, committed to internal criticism of the Democratic party, and conscious of commonality with other disadvantaged groups, and'exclusivist'solidarity, which is pro-black but also hostile to whites and less empathetic to other minorities. This second, more divisive type of solidarity expresses itself in the desire for a separate black party or a vote black strategy—but its proponents constitute a small minority of the black electorate and show surprisingly hopeful attitudes toward the Democratic party. Hope and Independence will be welcomed by readers concerned with opinion research, the sociology of race, and the psychology of group consciousness. By probing the attitudes of individual blacks in the context of a watershed campaign, this book also makes a vital contribution to our grasp of current electoral politics.

Published
1989

256. Severe physical violence and Black women's health and well-being.

Author

Lacey KK, Sears KP, Matusko N, and Jackson JS

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Socioeconomic Factors, Women's Health ethnology, Young Adult, Black or African American, Health Status, Mental Health ethnology, Spouse Abuse ethnology, Spouse Abuse psychology
Abstract

Objectives: We evaluated the association between intimate partner violence and the mental and physical health status of US Caribbean Black and African American women., Methods: We used 2001 to 2003 cross-sectional data from the National Survey of American Life-the most detailed study to date of physical and mental health disorders of Americans of African descent. We assessed participants' health conditions by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (Washington, DC; American Psychological Association) Composite International Diagnostic Interview., Results: We found differences in health conditions between abused African American and Caribbean Black women. There were increased risks for lifetime dysthymia, alcohol dependence, drug abuse, and poor perceived health for African American victims of partner abuse, and binge eating disorder was associated with partner violence among Caribbean Black women., Conclusions: Severe intimate partner violence was associated with negative mental and physical health outcomes for US Black women, with different patterns between African American and Caribbean Blacks. Understanding intimate partner violence experiences of US Black women requires recognition of key intragroup differences, including nativity and immigrant status, and their differential relationships to women's health.

Published
2015
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257. A heavy burden: the cardiovascular health consequences of having a family member incarcerated.

Author

Lee H, Wildeman C, Wang EA, Matusko N, and Jackson JS

Subjects
Adult, Black People psychology, Cardiovascular Diseases psychology, Confidence Intervals, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Likelihood Functions, Male, Middle Aged, Self Report, Sex Distribution, Sex Factors, White People psychology, Young Adult, Cardiovascular Diseases etiology, Cost of Illness, Family psychology, Prisoners
Abstract

Objectives: We examined the association of family member incarceration with cardiovascular risk factors and disease by gender., Methods: We used a sample of 5470 adults aged 18 years and older in the National Survey of American Life, a 2001-2003 nationally representative cross-sectional survey of Blacks and Whites living in the United States, to examine 5 self-reported health conditions (diabetes, hypertension, heart attack or stroke, obesity, and fair or poor health)., Results: Family member incarceration was associated with increased likelihood of poor health across all 5 conditions for women but not for men. In adjusted models, women with family members who were currently incarcerated had 1.44 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.03, 2.00), 2.53 (95% CI = 1.80, 3.55), and 1.93 (95% CI = 1.45, 2.58) times the odds of being obese, having had a heart attack or stroke, and being in fair or poor health, respectively., Conclusions: Family member incarceration has profound implications for women's cardiovascular health and should be considered a unique risk factor that contributes to racial disparities in health.

Published
2014
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