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The article presents the history of French presence and commerce in India in the 18th century. Topics discussed include the establishment of French colony in Pondicherry, India; examination of the other Europeans colonies in India; and description of French establishments along with two different ways proposed for the restoration of French power in India.

This paper presents the results of a study aimed at analysing consumers willingness and motivation to purchase a traditional food of quality at specialized shops in a direct agricultural market of Italian food products. In the context of the phenomenon of short chain, has been then investigated particular typology of "Direct sales" from farmers to consumers far from the place of production. For this purpose we proceeded to the administration of a questionnaire, semi-structured and multiple answer, at certain stores of a city the North of Italy. From the methodological point of view we proceeded through the interpretation of the data and descriptive statistics have been estimated logistic regression models to identify predictors of availability to the consumption of local products in these contexts distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The information on the origin for the consumer is a strong element of preference in purchasing a food product as it represents an element that has more information on the quality and safety. Many traditional Italian products with a strong reputation evoke their geographical origin thanks to strong bond, unique and irreproducible with that territory. The research investigates the reasons that lead us to choose / not choose Sicilian agrifood products and to the perception of the same. In particular, it was made an exploratory investigation with the aim of collecting information on the reputation of the origin of Sicilian agrifood products. Data were processed through descriptive statistics and Factor Analysis. The results show that these products meet consumer tastes as evoking authenticity, healthiness, naturalness and the link with the Sicilian territory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary Background Australian national mental health strategy emphasises inclusion of people diagnosed with mental illness in all areas of mental health care, policy development and education of health professionals. However, the way this inclusion has translated to Australian universities is relatively unexplored. Objectives Explore views of nurse academics regarding service user involvement in nursing education programmes. Design Qualitative exploratory. Settings Australian universities offering educational programmes in nursing at postgraduate and undergraduate levels. Participants Thirty four participants from 27 Australian universities participated. Methods Data were collected using semi-structured telephone interviews with academics involved in teaching and/or coordinating undergraduate and/or postgraduate mental health nursing contents. Data were analysed using content analysis based on four cognitive processes: comprehending, synthesising, theorising and re-contextualising data. Results Four major themes emerged: good idea? long way to go; conceptualising the service user academic role; strengths of lived experience led student learning; and barriers to implementation. Conclusions Findings indicated strong support for including mental health service users in teaching nursing students. However, at most universities service user engagement was often an informal arrangement, lacking clear guidelines and limited by financial barriers and the positioning of mental health nursing within curricula. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

People with serious mental illness (SMI) have heightened rates of chronic physical disease. This study aimed to identify what nurse and organisational factors predict physical health care provided by nurses in contact with consumers with SMI, through a survey in Australia (N = 643). Statistical analyses revealed that physical health care could be accounted for in terms of nurse views on consumer health, rights and nurse role ideal ('nurses should be involved in physical health care'), and organisational factors. However, organisational factors may be more important in determining physical health care than views and perceptions about consumers, roles and ideals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. For patients with large vessel occlusion stroke, endovascular treatment is now the most effective treatment. We aimed to assess the outcome of patients undergoing endovascular treatment for large vessel occlusion stroke in a real-world setting, comparing our results with data from randomized clinical trials, and recognizing the factors associated with prognosis.Materials and Methods: We retrospectively collected data on endovascular procedures performed in one comprehensive stroke center in consecutive patients presenting with large vessel occlusion stroke from January 2017 to January 2020. Data on baseline clinical, imaging, and treatment-related characteristics were recorded. Selection of patients and treatment approach was not standardized but followed current guidelines for ischemic stroke. Functional outcome was evaluated 3 months after endovascular treatment. Clinical, imaging and treatment-related variables associated to outcome were evaluated with univariate and multivariable analyses.Results: Four hundred twelve patients were included in our study. Three-month functional independence was achieved in 50.5% of patients (50.3% in the anterior stroke and 52.1% in the posterior stroke subgroup). Successful arterial reperfusion was observed in 84.3% of patients. Age (odds ratio [OR] 0.41, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.20-0.87, p = 0.020]), severe stroke at onset (OR 0.40, 95%CI 0.19-0.83), procedure related complications (OR 0.45, 95%CI 0.20-0.99), and good collateral circulation (OR 2.69, 95%CI 1.17-6.16) were associated with 3-month functional independence in multivariable model.Conclusions: Our real-world outcome results are in line with data from large randomized clinical trials on endovascular treatment for large vessel occlusion stroke. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• We study how government and environmental agencies involved in disaster management use social media channels to handle a natural catastrophe. • FEMA's social media activity presents the highest impact on the agricultural market during a natural disaster. • Higher levels of public concern about global warming intensify the impact of the social media activity of government agencies involved in disaster management. • Higher EPU levels intensify the impact of the social media activity of government agencies involved in disaster management. When a natural disaster occurs, it is crucial to establish appropriate channels of communication between government agencies and the public, not only in the interest of efficient emergency responses and relief operations but also to inform the population and contain people's concerns. In this paper, we study how the social media activity of government agencies involved in disaster management affects the agricultural market during natural disasters and extreme weather conditions. Our results suggest that social media activity, in particular that of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), triggers market-related and public concerns about potential shortages and financial losses, which may push up the price of agricultural commodities. We show that higher levels of public concern about global warming and economic policy uncertainty intensify the market reaction, boosting the social media impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The treatment of advanced disease (stage IIIb and IV) of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is based on systemic treatment with platinum-based chemotherapy or biological compounds depending on the disease molecular profile. In the last few years, intensive investigational efforts in anticancer therapy have led to the registration of new active chemotherapeutic agents, combination regimens, and biological drugs, expanding choices for customizing individual treatment. However, the introduction of new drugs in the clinical setting has led to several new toxicities, creating some difficulties in daily management. Among these, ocular toxicity is generally overlooked as more common toxicities such as myelosuppression, stomatitis, diarrhea, vomiting, “hand–foot syndrome”, and neurological alterations attract greater attention. Ophthalmic complications from cytotoxic chemotherapeutics are rare, transient, and of mild/moderate intensity but irreversible acute disorders are possible. The best way to prevent potential irreversible visual complications is an awareness of the potential for ocular toxicity because dose reductions or early drug cessation can prevent serious ocular complications in the majority of cases. However, given the novelty of many therapeutic agents and the complexity of ocular pathology, oncologists may be unfamiliar with these adverse effects of anticancer therapy. Although toxicities from chemotherapy are generally intense but short lasting, toxicities related to targeted drugs are often milder but longer lasting and can persist throughout treatment. Here we review the principal clinical presentations of ocular toxicity arising from chemotherapy [1–3], target therapies [4], and newly developed drugs and provide some recommendations for monitoring and management of ocular toxicity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

In the current study we examined how jurors utilize evidence of childhood abuse as a function of expert testimony and sentence recommendation. We also varied the specificity of instructional language in the context of mitigating circumstances. We predicted jurors who impose a life sentence would rate evidence of childhood abuse as significantly more important in determining sentence compared to jurors who impose the death penalty. Furthermore, we expected this effect to be moderated by expert testimony. Testimony of childhood abuse increased importance ratings of non-statutory mitigating circumstances. This effect was more evident for jurors who imposed a life sentence compared to those who imposed the death penalty. In addition, specific instructional language influenced how jurors considered circumstances related to the defendant's life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Still’s disease is a disease of unknown etiology that was identified for the first time in 1897 by George Still who noted the association of fever, arthralgias and cutaneous rash in a group of 22 children. In 1971, Bywaters noticed that this symptomatology could also be found in adult patients. High fever, arthralgias, a diffuse cutaneous rash with sore throat, increased spleen volume and lymph nodes are the clinical manifestations of this disease. However, it shows high variability in its clinical presentation (monocyclic, polycyclic and chronic forms). Blood tests show high levels of white blood cells, increased ferritin levels, and negative autoantibodies and rheumatoid factor. We examined 2 clinical cases that strongly suggested adult Still’s disease: a 38- year old woman and a 30-year old man. The woman came to our attention because of the following symptomatology: fever for more than eleven days before hospitalization and polyarthralgias. Blood tests showed high inflammatory markers (ferritin >35,000), low platelets and increased white blood cells. A diffuse rash and oral aphthae were then observed. The second case presented the following symptoms: fever (38.4°C), cutaneous rash, polyarthralgias, and sore throat. Blood tests showed high levels of inflammatory markers and blood cell count showed an increase in neutrophil levels. Abdominal ultrasonography showed hepatosplenomegaly. Concentrating on these elements allowed us to formulate the diagnosis of adult Still’s disease, both patients showing a highly suggestive clinical profile. Yamaguchi’s criteria were satisfied and different diseases could be excluded according to the pharmacological response to anti-inflammatory drugs. This strengthened our diagnostic hypothesis and allowed us to focus our attention on this unknown disease, often unrecognized because of the problems of diagnosis. In fact, the clinical characters are initially aspecific (sore throat and fever). Furthermore, there is a large inter-individual variability during the disease course that could lead to misunderstanding. However, satisfaction of Yamagouchi’s criteria and the pharmacological response to corticosteroid drugs suggested adult Still’s disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Physical activity is important to the physical and mental health of people with serious mental illness (SMI). This study investigated views of public mental health nurses on physical activity promotion for consumers with SMI, through a national electronic survey in Australia. Consumers with SMI were viewed to be less physically active than the general community. Two-thirds of nurses wanted training on exercise support of consumers. Motivation of consumers was indicated to be a major barrier. There was great variability in discussion frequency between nurses and exercise physiologists. An analysis of open comments revealed two themes: (1) access -- opportunities for health education, participation in physical activity programmes and nurses' connections to exercise physiologists; and (2) commitment -- nurses promoting physical activity and building competencies. Findings indicate that initiatives to increase physical activity promotion for people with SMI are likely to be supported by nurses in the mental health sector of Australia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Aim: People diagnosed with serious mental illness have higher rates of physical morbidity and decreased longevity, yet these people are not adequately served by health care systems. Nurses may provide improved physical health support to consumers with serious mental illness but this is partly dependent on nurses having necessary skills and interest in training opportunities for this component of their work. This survey investigated Australian nurses' interest in training across areas of physical health care including lifestyle factors, cardiovascular disease, and identifying health risks. Methods: A nation-wide online survey of nurse members of the Australian College of Mental Health Nurses. The survey included an adapted version of a sub-section of the Physical Health Attitudes Scale. Participants were asked to indicate their interest in various aspects of physical health care training. Results: Most (91.6%) participants viewed educating nurses in physical health care as of moderate or significant value in improving the physical health of people with serious mental illness. Interest in training in all areas of physical health care was over 60% across the health care settings investigated (e.g. public, private, primary care). Forty-two percent sought training in all nine areas of physical health care, from supporting people with diabetes, to assisting consumers with sexually-related and lifestyle issues. Conclusions: The findings suggest that nurses in mental health services in Australia acknowledge the importance of training to improve physical health care of consumers with serious mental illness. Training programs and learning opportunities for nurses are necessary to reduce inequalities in health of people with serious mental illness. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Osteoblastoma is a solitary, benign bone tumor that is rarely localized in the frontal sinus. It consists of hypocellular mineralized tissue that may form large masses or irregular trabeculae. A 31 year old man came to our attention with a 7 month history of diplopia, photophobia, frontal headhaches and progressive exophthalmos with proptosis of the left eye. The patient was submitted to computed tomography (CT) which allowed to appraise the extension of the lesion. The mass expanded inside the left frontal sinus and the upper ethmoidal cells invading the left orbital roof. Considering the extension of the tumor, the site and the connections with contiguous structures, a combination of endoscopic endonasal technique with intraorbital approach was performed. At histological examination typical features of benign osteoblastoma were observed. The sites of predilection for the tumor are the long bones, vertebral column, and small bones of hands and feet. Its occurrence in the skull and jaw bones is relatively rare and represents only 15% of all osteoblastomas. To our knowledge, only 5 cases of osteoblastoma of the frontal sinus have been previously reported in the English-language literature. This report describes a case of benign osteoblastoma in a rare site, namely, the frontal sinus with particular attention about the differential diagnosis and the treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Objectives: People with serious mental illness experience heightened physical ill-health. Physical activity is an effective strategy for improving physical health in this group. This paper explores nurse views on the place of physical activity in the physical health care of people with serious mental illness who are receiving mental health care services. Methods: A qualitative exploratory study involving 38 nurses working in a regional and remote area of Queensland, Australia. Focus group interviews were audio recorded and transcribed and a thematic analysis was conducted. Results: Holism was identified as the main theme and physical activity was thought about as an aspect of holism at the level of the person and environment. For nurses, holism equated with supporting consumers in being more physical active and having healthier lifestyles. This was qualified by the sub-themes of fragmentation (that rendered physical activity difficult for consumers, and the nurses supporting them), and integration (where nurses and colleagues sought to address fragmentation in conjunction with consumers, but with transient success). Conclusion: As part of their holistic outlook, nurses recognise the importance of physical activity for consumers'' overall health, and were involved in promoting physical activity through health education. When nurses tried to develop holism in mental health care (e.g. re-integrating services) sources of fragmentation were too significant and wide-ranging to overcome. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Individuals living with serious mental illness (SMI) have increased mortality chiefly because of a higher prevalence of chronic disorders, including some cancers and infectious diseases. Although increased prevalence of these disorders may be attributable to lifestyle and risk behaviors, there is evidence that they may not be appropriately addressed by health professionals. We conducted a review of the literature describing preventive services for cancer and infectious diseases provided to individuals with SMI. Most studies demonstrated a 20%–30% reduced likelihood of breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening, or immunizations for influenza and pneumonia, in patients with SMI compared with those without SMI. This is most common in those with the most severe forms of SMI. HIV and hepatitis were more commonly screened for in people with SMI than the general population, likely because of the increased risk for these disorders within this group, but there were still substantial proportions of individuals with SMI who had never received a screening, or had not received a recent screening, for these disorders. The mental health nursing profession has an opportunity to address the disparity in care for cancer and infectious diseases, as well as other physical disorders, experienced by mental health consumers. With systemic support and ongoing education, mental health nurses may be capable of conducting or recommending screening for disorders and providing lifestyle advice. These practices may help to reduce the increased prevalence of chronic disease in SMI populations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Prosecutorial misconduct in the form of improper closing argument has been identified as a leading cause of unfairness in capital trials. the U.S. Supreme Court has indicated that arguments with the potential to unduly influence the jury should be clarified by a specific judicial instruction. The present study investigated the effectiveness of varying instructions on sentence recommendations and perceptions of improper prosecutor argument. Results indicated that the inclusion of a specific, cautionary instruction led to significantly less death penalty recommendations compared to a brief, general instruction. In addition, instructions minimized the importance of the misconduct statements on participants' sentence recommendations. Findings provide support for the validity of judicial instructions as a legal safeguard against prosecutorial misconduct in capital sentencing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To assess local trends in the incidence of sickle cell disease (SCD) and hemoglobin (Hb) S trait. Hemoglobinopathy clinic follow-up and cohort mortality rates were also evaluated. Study design: A longstanding newborn hemoglobinopathy screening program was reviewed. Incidence rates were computed with information from a confidential database, specialty clinic/hospital data, and local birth statistics. Results: Over 27 years, the incidence of Hb SS in live black births was 0.163% or 1 in 615. Over 18 years, the incidence of Hb AS was 8.5% or 1 in 11.8. No significant differences in the incidence of Hb SS, Hb AS, and the S allele were found over time. Specialty clinic follow-up improved. Death before age 18 years was documented for 6 SCD cases (2.8%; mortality rate of 0.23 per 100 patient years). Conclusions: Local screening activities may have had an impact on participation in specialized SCD care and the disease-associated mortality rate. The incidence of Hb SS has remained unchanged over 27 years, and that of Hb S trait and the S allele has been unaffected in the last 18 years. Trait notification goals and approaches should be reevaluated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

In this study, we used a fact pattern similar to the John Mark Karr scenario to examine perceptions of DNA and confession evidence. Specifically, we hypothesized that DNA evidence, confessor level of psychopathology, and presence or absence of Miranda protections would affect participants' perceptions of guilt and attitudes towards the interrogation process. One hundred nine undergraduates read a two-page summary based on John Mark Karr's confession. Summaries varied based on psychopathology of confessor, the presence or absence of DNA evidence, and the provision of Miranda warnings prior to confession. The DNA manipulation explained participants' attitudes towards specific aspects of the interrogation process. The importance of perceptions of forensic type evidence, specifically DNA, in our legal system is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study on the effects of flow regulation and fragmentation in rivers on pelagic-spawning fishes. It mentions that eggs of pelagic-spawning fishes or ichthyoplanktons drift in rivers until they become independent. The study measured the transport velocity and distance of ichthyoplanktons by examining particles with egg-like properties released in the Rio Grande and Pecos River. It concluded that the protection of pelagic-spawning fishes depends on natural river flow and the safeguard of long reaches.

Summary: The mental health content of undergraduate nursing programs has consistently been identified as inadequate in preparing graduate nurses with the knowledge and skills for, and interest in, a career in mental health nursing. Since the introduction of generic nursing education, undergraduate programs have become primarily focused on the development of generalist skills, with specialisation occurring at postgraduate level. The integration of mental health services within the broader health care system in Australia has led to a significant increase in the prevalence of mental health problems within the general health care setting. The relevant literature suggests that nurses are not well prepared to meet the mental health care needs of this population. The aim of this paper is to briefly outline the incidence of mental health problems within the general health care system, the implications for nursing, and the potential role which nursing could play in recognising, and providing appropriate care for the treatment of mental health problems. The implications for nursing education, and the need for mental health nursing skills to be considered essential for all nurses will be discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Several fish species in lotic systems are pelagic broadcast spawners that produce nonadhesive, semibuoyant eggs that drift downstream. This reproductive strategy and egg type appear to be common in Plains stream cyprinids in the west-central United States. Although it is relatively easy to capture semibuoyant eggs, the inability to provide species-specific identification of this life stage has hindered studies on the reproductive ecology and life history of these fishes. While drift nets have been used to collect semibuoyant eggs, the process of separating the reproductive products from other organic drift was time consuming and usually fatal for eggs. We developed a field sampling device, the Moore egg collector, that allowed for the efficient, quantitative, and nondestructive collection of large numbers of semibuoyant fish eggs and that could aid in the study of a variety of organisms that employ drift as a dispersal strategy during a portion of their life history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]