849 results on '"Rozzi, Ricardo"'
Search Results
252. Comunidades de invertebrados terrestres del archipiélago Diego Ramírez (56°31’S), el sitio de estudios ecológicos de largo plazo más austral de américa: Diversidad y afinidades con las islas subantárticas del océano austral
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Contador,Tamara, Rendoll,Javier, Mackenzie,Roy, Rosenfeld,Sebastián, Barroso,Omar, Rozzi,Ricardo, Goffinet,Bernard, Kennedy,James, and Convey,Peter
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Insecta ,Diego Ramírez ,biogeografía ,cambio global ,Subantártico - Abstract
Resumen: Los archipiélagos Diego Ramírez y Cabo de Hornos se ubican en el extremo austral de la ecorregión subantártica de Magallanes y hasta ahora su diversidad de insectos y otros invertebrados terrestres ha sido escasamente caracterizada. En este trabajo, presentamos un catastro actualizado de invertebrados, con un foco en la entomofauna terrestre del archipiélago Diego Ramírez, y exploramos de manera preliminar las afinidades biogeográficas de este archipiélago austral con el resto de las islas subantárticas presentes al norte de la Corriente Circumpolar Antártica. Encontramos que la isla Gonzalo, en el archipiélago Diego Ramírez, no contiene especies de insectos y otros invertebrados exóticos. La fauna de invertebrados terrestres registrados durante este estudio, incluye 32 taxa, principalmente de la Clase Insecta, los cuales se encuentran distribuidos en diferentes hábitats, siendo las comunidades de Poa flabellata los hábitats más importantes. La comparación de la entomofauna del archipiélago Diego Ramírez con otras islas subantárticas indica una baja similitud total entre la fauna reportada aquí y el resto de las islas, excepto con las Georgias del Sur. Sin embargo, la biota que los vincula es de origen gondwánico, lo cual sugiere la existencia de antiguas conexiones biogeográficas vicariantes. Este trabajo es un aporte al desarrollo, fortalecimiento e inauguración de la Red de Monitoreo Ecológico de Largo Plazo Cabo de Hornos (Red LTER Cabo de Hornos). El enfoque particular en las islas Diego Ramírez contribuye directamente a llenar un “punto ciego” en nuestro conocimiento actual en cuanto a los efectos del cambio ambiental global en los ecosistemas subantárticos, generando información esencial para su conservación en el corto, mediano y largo plazo.
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- 2020
253. Bridging Scientific Knowledge, Education, and Application in Temperate Ecosystems of Southern South America
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Armesto, Juan J., Rozzi, Ricardo, and Willson, Mary F.
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- 1996
254. Abundance and habitat preferences of the southernmost population of mink: implications for managing a recent island invasion
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Schüttler, Elke, Ibarra, José Tomás, Gruber, Bernd, Rozzi, Ricardo, and Jax, Kurt
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- 2010
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255. Field Environmental Philosophy: A Biocultural Ethic Approach to Education and Ecotourism for Sustainability
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Tauro, Alejandra, primary, Ojeda, Jaime, additional, Caviness, Terrance, additional, Moses, Kelli P., additional, Moreno-Terrazas, René, additional, Wright, T., additional, Zhu, Danqiong, additional, Poole, Alexandria K., additional, Massardo, Francisca, additional, and Rozzi, Ricardo, additional
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- 2021
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256. Effects of dispersal strategy and migration history on genetic diversity and population structure of Antarctic lichens
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Lagostina, Elisa, primary, Andreev, Mikhail, additional, Dal Grande, Francesco, additional, Grewe, Felix, additional, Lorenz, Aline, additional, Lumbsch, H. Thorsten, additional, Rozzi, Ricardo, additional, Ruprecht, Ulrike, additional, Sancho, Leopoldo García, additional, Søchting, Ulrik, additional, Scur, Mayara, additional, Wirtz, Nora, additional, and Printzen, Christian, additional
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- 2021
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257. Field environmental philosophy and biocultural conservation: the Omora Ethnobotanical Park Educational Program
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Rozzi, Ricardo, Arango, Ximena, Massardo, Francisca, Anderson, Christopher, Heidinger, Kurt, and Moses, Kelli
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Nature conservation -- Study and teaching ,Educational programs -- Environmental aspects ,Botanical gardens -- Educational aspects ,Environmental issues - Abstract
Habitats (where we live), habits (how we live), and inhabitants (who we are) constitute an ecosystem unit. The biosphere is composed of a reticulate mosaic of these habitat-habit-inhabitant units, where humans (with their indigenous languages, ecological knowledge, and practices) have coevolved. Today, these diverse ecosystem units are being violently destroyed by the imposition of a single global colonial cultural model. In Cape Horn at the southern end of the Americas, educators, authorities, and decision makers do not know about the native habitats, language, and flora, and do not distinguish between Cape Horn's flora and the flora that grows in other parts of the country or the world. In contrast, indigenous people and old residents have a detailed knowledge, but they do not participate in education, and decision making. It is not Homo sapiens in general, but bioculturally biased educators, authorities, and decision makers who need to be transformed into (educated and responsible) members and citizen of biocultural communities. The Omora Ethnobotanical Park educational program was launched to contribute to a biocultural citizenship involving three critical steps: (1) the disclosing of biocultural diversity with a 'fine filter' approach that permits understanding of the cultural and ecological diversity hidden by general universal labels; (2) direct 'face-to-face' encounters with human and nonhuman co-inhabitants; and (3) actions for protection of habitats and implementation of interpretative spaces that facilitate direct encounters and conservation of biocultural diversity. These steps have been implemented at local and regional scales through the creation of the Omora Ethnobotanical Park and the UNESCO Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve.
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- 2008
258. Integrating science and society through long-term socio-ecological research
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Anderson, Christopher B., Likens, Gene E., Rozzi, Ricardo, Gutierrez, Julio R., Armesto, Juan J., and Poole, Alexandria
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Ecological research -- Social aspects ,Sociological research -- Environmental aspects ,Methodology -- Evaluation ,Environmental issues - Abstract
Long-term ecological research (LTER), addressing problems that encompass decadal or longer time frames, began as a formal term and program in the United States in 1980. While long-term ecological studies and observation began as early as the 1400s and 1800s in Asia and Europe, respectively, the long-term approach was not formalized until the establishment of the U.S. long-term ecological research programs. These programs permitted ecosystem-level experiments and cross-site comparisons that led to insights into the biosphere's structure and function. The holistic ecosystem approach of this initiative also allowed the incorporation of the human-dimension of ecology and recently has given rise to a new concept of long-term socio-ecological research (LTSER). Today, long-term ecological research programs exist in at least thirty-two countries (i.e., members of the International Long-Term Ecological Research Network, ILTER). However, consolidation of the international network within the long-term socio-ecological research paradigm still requires: (1) inclusion of certain remote regions of the world, such as southwestern South America, that are still poorly represented; (2) modifications of the type of research conducted, such as integrating social and natural sciences with the humanities and ethics; and (3) the incorporation of findings and results into broader social and political processes. In this context, a nascent long-term socio-ecological research network in Chile, which extends over the longest latitudinal range of temperate forest in the Southern Hemisphere, adds a new remote region to international long-term ecological research previously overlooked. In addition, collaboration with the University of North Texas and other international partners helps to further develop an interdisciplinary approach for the integration of the ecological sciences and environmental philosophy together with traditional ecological knowledge, informal and formal education, policy, the humanities, socio-political processes, and biocultural conservation.
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- 2008
259. Local versus global knowledge: diverse perspectives on nature in the Cape Horn biosphere reserve
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Berghofer, Uta, Rozzi, Ricardo, and Jax, Kurt
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Cape Horn -- Environmental aspects ,Cape Horn -- Social aspects ,Yamanas -- Environmental aspects ,Natural areas -- Social aspects ,Human beings -- Influence on nature ,Human beings -- Evaluation ,Environmental issues - Abstract
A case study of socio-ecological research conducted in Puerto Williams, Chile reveals that persons belonging to different sociocultural groups in Cape Horn have a diversity of perspectives and relationships with nature. For example, a strong sense of home and belonging was expressed by the indigenous Yahgan community and by old residents, mostly descendents of early twentieth-century colonizers. However, people identified with resource use did not include positive answers for a sense of home. The concept of common land presented marked contrasts among respondents. Those identified with a cultivating type of relationship favored private property over public land. For respondents identified with an embedded type of relationship, freedom of movement was one of their most essential values. Some respondents identified with resource use and those identified with intellectual and aesthetic relationships with nature also valued common land. The approach used in this study transforms polarized and dichotomous notions into gradients of perspectives related to different degrees of local and global ecological and cultural environments. The resulting hybrid vision of perspectives on nature may be helpful in times of global change, where both local and global scales contribute to identify specific problematic asymmetries as well as opportunities for communication among different sociocultural groups.
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- 2008
260. Exotic Vertebrate Fauna in the Remote and Pristine Sub-Antarctic Cape Horn Archipelago, Chile
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Anderson, Christopher B., Rozzi, Ricardo, Torres-Mura, Juan C., Mcgehee, Steven M., Sherriffs, Margaret F., Schüttler, Elke, and Rosemond, Amy D.
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- 2006
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261. Freshwater macroinvertebrates from Yendegaia National Park, Chile: Tackling knowledge biodiversity gaps in the Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve
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Rendoll-Cárcamo, Javier, Gañán, Melisa, Mackenzie, Roy, Troncoso, Sophia, Troncoso, Javiera, Contador, Tamara, Rozzi, Ricardo, Convey, Peter, Rendoll-Cárcamo, Javier, Gañán, Melisa, Mackenzie, Roy, Troncoso, Sophia, Troncoso, Javiera, Contador, Tamara, Rozzi, Ricardo, and Convey, Peter
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The Yendegaia National Park, located to the south of Tierra del Fuego and at the eastern margin of the Darwin Mountain Range, forms part of the Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve (CHBR) and lies in the Magellanic sub-Antarctic ecoregion. This national park in the extreme south of Chile comprises an extensive valley surrounded by mountain ranges that give rise to glacial and rain or snow-melt streams. The present study provides the first inventory of freshwater macroinvertebrates within the park, further comparing the species composition of three rivers with contrasting riparian vegetation. One river has a riparian vegetation dominated by Coihüe de Magallanes (Nothofagus betuloides), an evergreen species. The river with riparian vegetation dominated by lenga presented a significantly higher diversity of macroinvertebrates than in the rivers with riparian vegetation dominated by ñirre and coihüe. The community composition of macroinvertebrates presents some affinities with that reported for other areas within the reserve with similar vegetational composition, such as Navarino Island or the Alberto de Agostini National Park. The influence of riparian vegetation and other environmental variables must be studied through other approaches. In this way, the need for studies that complement the inventory presented here emerges, contributing to a characterization that allows the evaluation of ecological patterns of aquatic macroinvertebrates. In this way, it will be possible to identify generalities and singularities of the freshwater biological communities and their environmental relationships in the southern tip of Chile.
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- 2020
262. Magallanes un observatorio del cambio global
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Rozzi, R., Morello, F., Massardo, F., Aldunate, C., Lira, B., Rodríguez, H., Santa Cruz, R. L., Rosenfeld, Sebastián, Convey, Peter, Contador, Tamara, Rendoll, Javier, Poulin, Elie, Maturana, Claudia, Frugone, María José, Mackenzie, Roy, Russell, Shaun, Massardo, Francisca, Rozzi, Ricardo, Rozzi, R., Morello, F., Massardo, F., Aldunate, C., Lira, B., Rodríguez, H., Santa Cruz, R. L., Rosenfeld, Sebastián, Convey, Peter, Contador, Tamara, Rendoll, Javier, Poulin, Elie, Maturana, Claudia, Frugone, María José, Mackenzie, Roy, Russell, Shaun, Massardo, Francisca, and Rozzi, Ricardo
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- 2020
263. UNEXPECTED LACK OF EFFECT OF THE INVASIVE AMERICAN MINK ON NESTING SURVIVAL OF FOREST BIRDS
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Crego, Ramiro Daniel, primary, Jara, Rocio F, additional, Rozzi, Ricardo, additional, and Jiménez, Jaime E, additional
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- 2021
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264. Flora vascular y formaciones vegetacionales en el sitio de estudios socio-ecológicos a largo plazo, isla Gonzalo, archipiélago Diego Ramírez (56°31’S), Chile
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Mackenzie, Roy, primary, Vidal, Osvaldo, additional, Rosenfeld, Sebastián, additional, Contador, Tamara, additional, Barroso, Omar, additional, Goffinet, Bernard, additional, Massardo, Francisca, additional, Arce-Johnson, Patricio, additional, and Rozzi, Ricardo, additional
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- 2020
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265. Comunidades de invertebrados terrestres del archipiélago Diego Ramírez (56°31’S), el sitio de estudios ecológicos de largo plazo más austral de américa: Diversidad y afinidades con las islas subantárticas del océano austral
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Contador, Tamara, primary, Rendoll, Javier, additional, Mackenzie, Roy, additional, Rosenfeld, Sebastián, additional, Barroso, Omar, additional, Rozzi, Ricardo, additional, Goffinet, Bernard, additional, Kennedy, James, additional, and Convey, Peter, additional
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- 2020
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266. Actualización del catastro de ensamble de moluscos costero-marinos del archipiélago Diego Ramírez (56°31’S), Chile: Un refugio para la economía sustentable y conservación subantártica
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Rosenfeld, Sebastián, primary, Marambio, Johanna, additional, Aldea, Cristian, additional, Rodriguez, Juan Pablo, additional, Mendez, Fabio, additional, Gonzalez-Wevar, Claudio, additional, Gerard, Karin, additional, Contador, Tamara, additional, Mackenzie, Roy, additional, Rozzi, Ricardo, additional, and Mansilla, Andrés, additional
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- 2020
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267. Macroinvertebrados dulceacuícolas del Parque Nacional Yendegala, Chile: Resolviendo brechas de conocimiento sobre la biodiversidad de la Reserva de la Biosfera Cabo de Hornos
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Rendoll-Cárcamo, Javier, primary, Gañán, Melisa, additional, Mackenzie, Roy, additional, Troncoso, Sophia, additional, Troncoso, Javiera, additional, Contador, Tamara, additional, Rozzi, Ricardo, additional, and Convey, Peter, additional
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- 2020
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268. Siete nuevos registros de macroalgas para el archipiélago Diego Ramírez (56°31’S): El valor del nuevo parque marino como sumidero de carbono y conservación de la biodiversidad subantártica
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Marambio, Johanna, primary, Rosenfeld, Sebastián, additional, Rodríguez, Juan Pablo, additional, Méndez, Fabio, additional, Contador, Tamara, additional, Mackenzie, Roy, additional, Goffinet, Bernard, additional, Rozzi, Ricardo, additional, and Mansilla, Andrés, additional
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- 2020
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269. Filosofía ambiental de campo: Educación e investigación para la valoración ecológica y ética de los insectos dulceacuícolas
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Rendoll Cárcamo, Javier, primary, Contador, Tamara, additional, Gañán, Melisa, additional, Houston, Nancyrose, additional, Troncoso, Miguel, additional, Arriagada, Gonzalo, additional, Saldías, Camila, additional, Caballero, Paula, additional, Malebrán, Javiera, additional, Kennedy, James, additional, Convey, Peter, additional, and Rozzi, Ricardo, additional
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- 2020
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270. Educación, ecoturismo y conservación biocultural en los bosques en miniatura del Cabo de Hornos
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Medina, Yanet, primary, Massardo, Francisca, additional, and Rozzi, Ricardo, additional
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- 2020
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271. Patrones de distribución de la avifauna de los bosques de la Reserva de la Biosfera Cabo de Hornos: Un antecedente básico para la planificación del aviturismo sustentable
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Sandvig, Erik M., primary, Quilodrán, Claudio S., additional, Aguirre, Francisco, additional, Rivero de Aguilar, Juan, additional, Barroso, Omar, additional, Vásquez, Rodrigo A., additional, and Rozzi, Ricardo, additional
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- 2020
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272. Un centinela para el monitoreo del cambio climático y su impacto sobre la biodiversidad en la cumbre austral de América: La nueva red de estudios a largo Plazo Cabo de Hornos
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Rozzi, Ricardo, primary, Crego, Ramiro D., additional, Contador, Tamara, additional, Schüttler, Elke, additional, Rosenfeld, Sebastián, additional, Mackenzie, Roy, additional, Barroso, Omar, additional, Silva-Rodríguez, Eduardo A., additional, Álvarez-Bustos, Ximena, additional, Silva, Alejandra, additional, Ramírez, Irene, additional, Mella, José, additional, Herreros, Jorge, additional, Rendoll-Cárcamo, Javier, additional, Marambio, Johanna, additional, Ojeda, Jaime, additional, Méndez, Felipe, additional, Moses, Kelli-P., additional, Kennedy, James, additional, Russell, Shaun, additional, Goffinet, Bernard, additional, Sancho, Leopoldo-G., additional, Berchez, Flávio, additional, Buma, Brian, additional, Aguirre, Francisco, additional, Sánchez-Jardón, Laura, additional, Barros, Eduardo, additional, Vásquez, Rodrigo A., additional, Arroyo, Mary T. K., additional, Poulin, Elie, additional, Squeo, Francisco, additional, Armesto, Juan J., additional, Mansilla, Andrés, additional, and Massardo, Francisca, additional
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- 2020
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273. Colaboración científica con la Armada de Chile en estudios ornitológicos a largo plazo en el archipiélago Diego Ramírez: Primer monitoreo del ciclo anual del ensamble de aves en la isla Gonzalo
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Barroso, Omar, primary, Crego, Ramiro D., additional, Mella, José, additional, Rosenfeld, Sebastián, additional, Contador, Tamara, additional, Mackenzie, Roy, additional, Vásquez, Rodrigo A., additional, and Rozzi, Ricardo, additional
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- 2020
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274. First bryophyte records from Diego Ramírez Archipelago: Changing lenses in long-term socio-ecological research at the southernmost island of the Americas
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Goffinet, Bernard, primary, Engel, John J., additional, Von Konrat, Matt, additional, Mackenzie, Roy, additional, Contador, Tamara, additional, Rosenfeld, Sebastián, additional, Barroso, Omar, additional, and Rozzi, Ricardo, additional
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- 2020
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275. Three levels of integrating ecology with the conservation of South American temperate forests: the initiative of the Institute of Ecological Research Chiloé, Chile
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Rozzi, Ricardo, Silander, John, Armesto, Juan J., Feinsinger, Peter, and Massardo, Francisca
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- 2000
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276. Old-Growth Temperate Rainforests of South America: Conservation, Plant–Animal Interactions, and Baseline Biogeochemical Processes
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Armesto, Juan J., primary, Smith-Ramírez, Cecilia, additional, Carmona, Martín R., additional, Celis-Diez, Juan L., additional, Díaz, Iván A., additional, Gaxiola, Aurora, additional, Gutiérrez, Alvaro G., additional, Núñez-Avila, Mariela C., additional, Pérez, Cecilia A., additional, and Rozzi, Ricardo, additional
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- 2009
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277. Nest-site selection and breeding success of passerines in the world’s southernmost forests
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Jara, Rocío Fernanda, primary, Crego, Ramiro Daniel, additional, Samuel, Michael David, additional, Rozzi, Ricardo, additional, and Jiménez, Jaime Enrique, additional
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- 2020
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278. The world's southernmost tree and the climate and windscapes of the southernmost forests
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Buma, Brian, primary, Holz, Andrés, additional, Diaz, Iván, additional, and Rozzi, Ricardo, additional
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- 2020
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279. Latitudinal gradients of haemosporidian parasites: Prevalence, diversity and drivers of infection in the Thorn-tailed Rayadito (Aphrastura spinicauda)
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Cuevas, Elfego, primary, Vianna, Juliana A., additional, Botero-Delgadillo, Esteban, additional, Doussang, Daniela, additional, González-Acuña, Daniel, additional, Barroso, Omar, additional, Rozzi, Ricardo, additional, Vásquez, Rodrigo A., additional, and Quirici, Verónica, additional
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- 2020
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280. A systematic evidence map of conservation knowledge in Chilean Patagonia.
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Martínez‐Harms, María José, Armesto, Juan J., Castilla, Juan Carlos, Astorga, Anna, Aylwin, José, Buschmann, Alejandro H., Castro, Victoria, Daneri, Giovanni, Fernández, Miriam, Fuentes‐Castillo, Taryn, Gelcich, Stefan, González, Humberto E., Hucke‐Gaete, Rodrigo, Marquet, Pablo A., Morello, Flavia, Nahuelhual, Laura, Pliscoff, Patricio, Reid, Brian, Rozzi, Ricardo, and Guala, Cesar
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CHILEANS ,MARINE ecology ,TRADITIONAL knowledge ,LOCAL knowledge ,CLIMATE change ,DECISION making in environmental policy - Abstract
Mechanisms that reliably and efficiently guide practitioners to find relevant evidence are urgent for conservation decision‐making in Chilean Patagonia. The objective of this study was to systematically collect, characterize, and synthesize the extensive evidence about conservation knowledge in Chilean Patagonia focusing on the impacts of global change drivers on ecosystems and human–nature relationships, identifying knowledge gaps, and providing policy recommendations. The quality of the evidence was assessed through a predefined level‐of‐evidence hierarchy scale, applied to a sample of the studies reviewed. We compiled ~1000 studies documenting that evidence focusing on terrestrial and marine ecosystems has grown exponentially. For terrestrial ecosystems, most studies have addressed climate change, habitat change, and invasive species; while for marine ecosystems, studies have focused on pollution, invasive species, and habitat change. We identified that an important gap is the study of the social dimensions of conservation, and future efforts should focus on incorporating traditional and local knowledge as this can help point the way to ecosystem conservation. The appraisal of the quality of the evidence showed that ~80% of the sample represented reliable evidence with underlying data and an experimental design. Enhanced efforts to deliver this evidence to decision‐makers in a user‐friendly format for evidence uptake in conservation policy are urgent. In this review, we provide a tool that can help practitioners to find evidence reliably to improve decision‐making for the conservation of ecosystems in Chilean Patagonia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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281. Sustainable Development
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Ayestaran, Ignacio, Banse, Gerhard, Grunwald, Armin, Hauser, Robert, Holz, Verena, Hörning, Karl Heinz, Hübner, Renate, Kopfmüller, Jürgen, Krainer, Larissa, Kwiatkowska, Teresa, Ott, Konrad, Parodi, Oliver, Poole, Alexandria, Robertson-von Trotha, Caroline Y., Rozzi, Ricardo, Stoltenberg, Ute, Szatzschneider, Wojciech, Parodi, Oliver, Ayestaran, Ignacio, and Banse, Gerhard
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knowledge ,sustainable development ,Economics ,BUS072000 ,RNU ,Environmental Studies ,ethics ,culture - Abstract
The emergence of a global and technological world and the accelerating dissemination of technology does not only give rise to technological, economic, social, environmental, political and educational tasks. Significant philosophical questions, epistemic reflections and cultural debates result and have to be pushed forward. To move sustainable development from a political mission statement and scientific challenge into everyday life we have to shift our focus of attention to those who are driving a non-sustainable development: human beings and their societal and cultural conditions and interactions. Ultimately not the ecological footprint is the core challenge, but we and those who are leaving this footprint. The idea of the present volume of Sustainable Development - Relationships to Culture, Knowledge and Ethics was developed in the course of the international conference “Sustainability 2010: The Cultural Dimension”, which took place in July 2010 in Berlin. The aim of this book is to provide discussions about cultural, epistemic and ethical implications of contemporary changes and emerging challenges on an interdisciplinary and international level.
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- 2019
282. Habitats – Habits – Inhabitants
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Rozzi, Ricardo and Poole, Alexandria
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knowledge ,sustainable development ,Economics ,BUS072000 ,RNU ,Environmental Studies ,ethics ,culture - Abstract
1 Introduction We prefer to refer to sustainable cultures rather than to a singular culture of sustainability, in order to make explicit the plurality of languages, ecological worldviews and practices that unfold in contrasting ecoregions. The shift helps to acknowledge the existence of diverse sustainable communities around the world, and highlights the need to integrate both biological and cultural diversity into the concept of a global, still heterogeneous mosaic of forms of ecological kno...
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- 2019
283. Additional file 2: of Breeding strategies of open-cup-nesting birds in sub-Antarctic forests of Navarino Island, Chile
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Jara, Rocío, Crego, Ramiro, Arellano, Francisco, Altamirano, Tomás, Ibarra, José, Rozzi, Ricardo, and Jiménez, Jaime
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Observations of previously unknown breeding strategies for Zonotrichia capensis, Elaenia albiceps, and Anairetes parulus. We describe observations of single events regarding unknown breeding strategies of these three species. (PDF 459 kb)
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- 2019
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284. Additional file 1: of Breeding strategies of open-cup-nesting birds in sub-Antarctic forests of Navarino Island, Chile
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Jara, Rocío, Crego, Ramiro, Arellano, Francisco, Altamirano, Tomás, Ibarra, José, Rozzi, Ricardo, and Jiménez, Jaime
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Number of nests by breeding season for five open-cup forest-nesting birds that breed on Navarino Island, southern Chile. We provide detailed information regarding sample size for every species by breeding season. (PDF 9 kb)
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- 2019
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285. Altitudinal gradients in Magellanic sub-Antarctic lagoons: the effect of elevation on freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and distribution.
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Rendoll Cárcamo, Javier, Contador, Tamara, Gañán, Melisa, Pérez Troncoso, Carolina, Maldonado Márquez, Alan, Convey, Peter, Kennedy, James, Rozzi, Ricardo, Rendoll Cárcamo, Javier, Contador, Tamara, Gañán, Melisa, Pérez Troncoso, Carolina, Maldonado Márquez, Alan, Convey, Peter, Kennedy, James, and Rozzi, Ricardo
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Background. The study of altitudinal gradients provides insights about species diversity, distribution patterns and related drivers. The Magellanic sub-Antarctic ecoregion has a steep elevational gradient, peaking at around 1,000 m a.s.l., and marked changes in temperature and landscape composition can be observed over relatively short distances. Methods. This study assessed freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity associated with lakes and ponds along the altitudinal gradient of a Magellanic sub-Antarctic watershed. Results. A monotonic decline in species richness was observed with increasing elevation, with simpler and more even community composition at higher altitude. This pattern differs from the mid-peak trend found in streams of the same watershed. Functional feeding group structure also diminished with increasing elevation. Discussion. The study provides a descriptive baseline of macroinvertebrate community structure associated with lentic freshwater ecosystems in the Magellanic sub-Antarctic ecoregion, and confirms that elevation has substantial effects on community structure, function and environmental features, even in these relatively low elevation mountain ranges. The harsh environmental conditions of this ecoregion increase freshwater macroinvertebrate development time, as well as decreasing habitat availability and food supply, supporting simple but well adapted communities. In conjunction with previous research, this study provides a watershed-scale platform of information underpinning future long-term research in the region.
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- 2019
286. The Dialectical Links Between Environmental Ethics and Sciences
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Rozzi, Ricardo, primary
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- 1998
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287. TRAIL TRAvelling through ecosystems and bIodiversity: Long-term ecological research for citizens
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Bergami, Caterina, Rozzi, Ricardo, and Ragueneau, Olivier
- Abstract
The “TRAIL” initiative, proposed by the Italian, Chilean and French networks, is conceived to further develop the intersections of the fields of science communication and citizens’ science. The main motivation is the need to communicate and share with a wider audience the existence, aims and activities of the LTER networks. This will increase the socio-ecological impact of LTER studies and their interactions with the civil society. TRAIL aims at creating a real movement of researchers and citizens, by planning and implementing trails connecting LTER sites in order to: i) promote LTER networks and LTER activities involving non-expert audiences, ii) involve citizens in the research carried on at the LTER sites, through the launch of citizens’ science (CS) initiatives, iii) contribute to the increase of the ecological awareness and literacy, and iv) integrate local and international scales of ecological phenomena and LTER networks. The main purposes of the initiative are: 1) to improve the spreading of knowledge of local environments and of the on-going LTER activities through direct experience; 2) to start gathering and submitting scientific data by a large number of volunteers; 3) to integrate local data with global scale ones through networks of LTER sites; 4) to encourage inter-continental collaborations among Northern and Southern Hemisphere researchers and communities. The appropriate scientific questions, that will aggregate citizens, LTER scientists, and stakeholders, will be discussed and defined within each national network and LTER site involved in the initiative. One of the first, common elements is the high mountain biodiversity of the European Alps and Apennines, and the high latitude ecosystems of Cape Horn in South America. TRAIL aims at stimulating CS within the I-LTER network, meaning in different cultural, economic, scientific and political contexts. This provides a unique opportunity to examine various facets of CS in different geographical contexts.
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- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
288. Cabo de hornos: Un crisol biogeográfico en la cumbre austral de américa
- Author
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Rozzi, Ricardo
- Subjects
biogeografía ,bryophytes ,endemism ,subantártico ,briofitas ,endemismo ,lichens ,subantarctic ,líquenes ,biogeography - Abstract
Resumen: En este trabajo se propone distinguir tres descubrimientos de Cabo de Hornos. Un primer descubrimiento habría ocurrido hace unos 7500 años, cuando los antepasados del pueblo originario yagán arribaron a los archipiélagos ubicados al sur de Tierra del Fuego. Un segundo descubrimiento tuvo lugar en 1616, cuando exploradores holandeses avistaron el Cabo de Hornos y transformaron el paradigma de la cartografía europea del siglo XVII que representaba a Tierra del Fuego adosada al continente antártico. Un tercer descubrimiento ocurrió el 2005, cuando UNESCO creó la Reserva de la Biosfera Cabo de Hornos (RBCH) a partir del hallazgo de una excepcional riqueza de especies de briofitas (musgos y hepáticas) y líquenes que transformaron al extremo sur de América en un centro mundial de biodiversidad. En este trabajo se presenta un atributo especial de la biodiversidad de la RBCH: sus múltiples relaciones biogeográficas. Existen afinidades con biotas de seis regiones biogeográficas contrastantes: antárticas, bipolares (subárticas y subantárticas), circumantárticas, gondwánicas, neotropicales y altoandinas, además del alto grado de endemismo. La aproximación metodológica de la filosofía ambiental de campo tratada en el segundo grupo de artículos de este número especial de Magallania contribuye tanto al conocimiento como a la conservación de la pequeña flora de briofitas y líquenes y otras biotas que han permanecido menos percibidas y valoradas en Cabo de Hornos y otras regiones del mundo. Abstract: In this work, I propose to distinguish three discoveries of Cape Horn. A first discovery would have occurred about 7500 years ago, when the ancestors of the Yahgan people arrived to the archipelagos located south of Tierra del Fuego. A second discovery took place in 1616, when Dutch explorers spotted Cape Horn and transformed the paradigm of the seventeenth century European cartography that represented Tierra del Fuego attached to the Antarctic Continent. A third discovery occurred in 2005, when UNESCO created the Cabo Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve (RBCH), based on the discovery of an exceptional richness of bryophytes (mosses and liverworts) and lichens. This finding transformed the southern end of the Americas into a world center of biodiversity for these groups of organisms. I present a special attribute of Cape Horn’s biodiversity: its multiple biogeographical relationships. For Cape Horn’s biodiversity, affinities can be identified with biota from six contrasting biogeographic regions: Antarctic, bipolar (subarctic and sub-Antarctic), circumantarctic, Gondwana, Neotropical and high Andean, also considering the high degree of endemism. The field environmental philosophy methodological approach (presented in the second group of articles of this special issue of Magallania) contributes both to knowledge and conservation of the small flora of bryophytes and lichens, and other biota that have remained less perceived and valued in Cape Horn and other regions of the world.
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- 2018
289. Homogeneización biocultural: Exotización del paisaje femenino latinoamericano
- Author
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Paredes Castellanos, Angelina and Rozzi, Ricardo
- Subjects
Exotismo ,Latin America ,Ecology ,América Latina ,Exoticism ,Geografía Femenina ,Ecología ,Feminine geography - Abstract
Resumen: El lenguaje colonial “del ojo imperial” sobre América Latina se resume en un mito exótico sobre el paisaje, que hoy se conjuga con la globalización Occidental en su encrucijada ecológica. América Latina es un signo hermenêutico clave de análisis, debido a que expone la raíz ideológica estética que acompaña a la uniformización del paisaje con una sola semántica objetiva basada en una ideología exotista. El lado estético que resalta en la pregunta por la naturaleza de la “América exótica” revela la importancia de valorar una hermenéutica alternativa, ecológica, estética y post-exótica para re-pensar la Tierra Nueva o el Nuevo Mundo, América. Ancestralmente y, hasta hoy llamada, Pachamama en los Andes del sur. Abstract: The colonial language “of the Imperial Eye” on Latin America is summarized in an “Exotic Myth about the landscape”, which today is combined with the occidental globalization at its ecological crossroads. Latin America is a key hermeneutic sign of analysis, because exposes the aesthetic ideological root that accompanies this uniformity of the landscape with a single objective semantics based on an exotist ideology. The aesthetic side that stands out in the question of the nature of “exotic America” reveals the importance of valuing an alternative, ecological, aesthetic and post-modern-exotic hermeneutic to re-think the new Earth or the New World, America. Ancestrally and until today called Pachamama in the southern Andes.
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- 2018
290. Homogeneización biocultural: Exotización del paisaje femenino latinoamericano
- Author
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Paredes Castellanos,Angelina and Rozzi,Ricardo
- Subjects
Exotismo ,América Latina ,Geografía Femenina ,Ecología - Abstract
Resumen: El lenguaje colonial “del ojo imperial” sobre América Latina se resume en un mito exótico sobre el paisaje, que hoy se conjuga con la globalización Occidental en su encrucijada ecológica. América Latina es un signo hermenêutico clave de análisis, debido a que expone la raíz ideológica estética que acompaña a la uniformización del paisaje con una sola semántica objetiva basada en una ideología exotista. El lado estético que resalta en la pregunta por la naturaleza de la “América exótica” revela la importancia de valorar una hermenéutica alternativa, ecológica, estética y post-exótica para re-pensar la Tierra Nueva o el Nuevo Mundo, América. Ancestralmente y, hasta hoy llamada, Pachamama en los Andes del sur.
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- 2018
291. Los ojos del árbol: percibiendo, registrando, comprendiendo y contrarrestando las invasiones biológicas en tiempos de rápida homogeneizacion biocultural
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Crego, Ramiro D., Ward, Nora, Jiménez, Jaime E., Massardo, Francisca, and Rozzi, Ricardo
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ILTER ,homogeneización biocultural ,Environmental Field Philosophy ,especies invasoras ,LTSER ,Filosofía Ambiental de Campo ,biocultural homogenization ,invasive species - Abstract
Resumen: El Antropoceno está marcado por un pervasivo proceso de homogeneización biocultural que conlleva pérdidas de biodiversidad y de culturas. Dicha homogeneización se evidencia en el caso de algunas invasiones biológicas. La ética biocultural procura contrarrestar tal homogeneización. Para este fin se ha diseñado una aproximación metodología denominada Filosofía Ambiental de Campo (FILAC). La FILAC se ha gestado e implementado en el sitio más austral de América de la Red Internacional de Estudios Ecológicos a Largo Plazo (ILTER), el Parque Etnobotánico Omora, con el fin de integrar estudios ecológicos con estudios filosóficos en prácticas de conservación biocultural. Los sitios ILTER tienen por objetivo investigar y monitorear el cambio socio-ambiental global. Al mismo tiempo, procuran contribuir a reorientar este cambio hacia trayectorias de sustentabilidad socio-ambiental. Sin embargo, para estos fines la red ILTER presenta tres limitaciones importantes: (i) está focalizada en estudios biofísicos, omitiendo dimensiones culturales que pueden ser relevantes, (ii) está centrada en estudios teóricos, postergando estudios aplicados, y (iii) la distribución de los sitios ILTER tiene un marcado sesgo geográfico hacia el hemisferio norte. El objetivo de este trabajo es contribuir a subsanar las tres limitaciones identificadas mediante la integración de componentes ecológicos, filosóficos y tecnológicos en base al trabajo sobre una especie invasora que ha arribado recientemente al extremo austral de América, el visón norteamericano (Neovison vison). Un resultado principal del trabajo es la composición de la metáfora “los ojos del árbol”. Esta metáfora integra la investigación sobre formas de conocimiento y cosmovisiones científicas, filosóficas y amerindias y convoca acciones de conservación de modo transdisciplinario. Esta metáfora invita a una mirada más contextual para observar, registrar y comprender la problemática de las especies invasoras. Contribuye a contrarrestar el impacto de las especies exóticas mediante acciones de educación y control que priorizan el ecosistema como un todo. De esta manera, complementa enfoques valóricos que privilegian solo el bienestar de cada individuo, por sobre la integridad de la comunidad biótica. Abstract: The Anthropocene is marked by a pervasive process of biocultural homogenization that includes losses of biological and cultural diversity. The process is evident in the case of some biological invasions. Biocultural ethics aims to counteract this homogenization process. Toward this aim, the Field Environmental Philosophy (FEP) methodological approach has been designed. FEP has been conceived and implemented at the Americas’ southernmost site of the International Long-term Ecological Research (ILTER) network, the Omora Ethnobotanical Park, to integrate ecological and philosophical research into biocultural conservation. ILTER sites are intended to investigate and monitor global socio-environmental change. At the same time, ILTER sites aim to contribute reorienting this change toward trajectories of socio-environmental sustainability. However, to achieve these aims the ILTER network presents three major limitations: (i) it is focused on biophysical research, largely ignoring relevant cultural dimensions; (ii) it is focused on theoretical studies, frequently postponing applied studies; (iii) and the distribution of ILTER sites has a marked geographical bias towards the northern hemisphere. The objective of this work is to contribute to overcome these three limitations by integrating ecological, philosophical, and technological components on the basis of the work conducted on an invasive species that has recently arrived to the southern end of the Americas, the American mink (Neovison vison). A main result of this study is the composition of the metaphor “the eyes of the tree.” This metaphor integrates research on scientific, philosophical and Native American forms of ecological knowledge and worldviews, and calls for conservation actions in a transdisciplinary way. This metaphor proposes a contextual view to observe, monitor, and understand the problematic of invasive species. It contributes to counteract the impact of exotic species through education and control practices that prioritize the ecosystem as a whole. In this way, it triggers approaches that are complementary to those that privilege of individual welfare over of the integrity of the biotic community.
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- 2018
292. Transformaciones del pensamiento de darwin en cabo de hornos: Un legado para la ciencia y la etica ambiental
- Author
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Rozzi,Ricardo
- Subjects
post-verdad ,evolución humana ,yagán ,buen vivir ,fueguinos - Abstract
Resumen: Durante sus expediciones por los archipiélagos en la región del Cabo de Hornos, Darwin se sorprendió con presencia humana en Cabo de Hornos. Sus observaciones sobre los paisajes, la fauna y los hábitos de vida de los pueblos originarios fueguinos, lo llevaron a cuestionarse y estimularon sus pensamientos iniciales sobre la teoría de la evolución de las especies, incluida la especie humana. El pensamiento evolutivo de Darwin sobre la especie humana comenzó a gestarse en Cabo de Hornos. En este trabajo se examina cómo, en el curso de su vida, Darwin transformó su juicio inicial sobre los pueblos fueguinos y cómo este cambio de juicio está asociado a la maduración de sus conceptos para plantear la teoría de la evolución humana, para esbozar reflexiones sobre un concepto ecológico-contextual sobre el concepto del buen vivir y plantear implicaciones éticas que derivan de su teoría de la evolución humana. A partir de la identificación de estos conceptos, se analiza las implicancias para un pensamiento científico y para una ética ambiental que contribuyan a tratar algunas de las causas últimas de la actual crisis socio-ambiental global. En el contexto de este número especial de Magallania, este análisis explica los fundamentos del nombre del curso internacional de Filosofía Ambiental de Campo, llamado también Tracing Darwin’s Path in Cape Horn (“Tras los pasos de Darwin en Cabo de Hornos”) que desde el año 2005 ofrecen anualmente la Universidad de Magallanes y la Universidad North Texas en la Reserva de la Biosfera Cabo de Hornos.
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- 2018
293. Interacciones bioculturales del pueblo yagán con las macroalgas y moluscos: Una aproximación desde la filosofía ambiental de campo
- Author
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Ojeda, Jaime, Rozzi, Ricardo, Rosenfeld, Sebastián, Contadora, Tamara, Massardo, Francisca, Malebrán, Javiera, González-Calderón, Julia, and Mansilla, Andrés
- Subjects
macroalgae ,Yaghan ,traditional ecological knowledge ,macroalgas ,Environmental ethics ,yagán ,conocimiento tradicional ecológico ,mollusks ,Biocultural ,ética ambiental ,moluscos - Abstract
Resumen: Las zonas costeras de Magallanes poseen alta diversidad de macroalgas y moluscos. A su vez, han sido habitadas por pueblos originarios, como el pueblo yagán, que han desarrollado una variedad de interacciones bioculturales con los ecosistemas costeros. Este trabajo es un estudio interdisciplinario ecológico, etno-ecológico y filosófico que utiliza el marco conceptual de la ética biocultural para caracterizar el hábitat intermareal en el contexto biocultural del pueblo yagán a través de la composición de habitantes como macroalgas y moluscos, vinculado con hábitos estacionales de abundancia. Mediante esta caracterización se proponen métodos y actividades de conservación biocultural. Para ello, adaptamos la aproximación metodológica interdisciplinaria de la Filosofía Ambiental de Campo, en un estudio realizado en bahía Róbalo, isla Navarino (55°S). Los resultados ecológicos mostraron que la biomasa y riqueza de macroalgas aumentó en verano y disminuyó en invierno; en contraste, los moluscos sésiles Mytilus edulis chilensis y Perumytilus purpuratus no presentaron una variabilidad estacional en su abundancia. Los resultados etnográficos basados en revisión de literatura y participación observante, muestran que la baja variabilidad estacional de la abundancia de moluscos ha sido vital para la subsistencia del pueblo yagán. Desde la perspectiva de la ética ambiental contemporánea identificamos diversos valores en la cosmovisión yagán. En un sentido amplio, identificamos un valor instrumental en los moluscos, que han sido utilizados por el pueblo yagán como fuente de alimentación, decoración estética, elaboración de herramientas y construcción de chozas. En las narrativas y otros registros etnográficos, identificamos un valor intrínseco, de los moluscos, arraigado en un profundo sentido de empatia. Para contribuir a la conservación biocultural, proponemos la metáfora “bosques sumergidos del Cabo de Hornos” y la actividad de campo “ojo buceo con ojo”, que recuperan hábitos de encuentros experienciales con el hábitat intermareal y el conjuntos de sus cohabitantes. Abstract: The coastal areas of the Magellan ecoregion host considerable diversity of macroalgae and mollusks. Indigenous peoples, such as the Yaghan, have developed biocultural interactions with austral coastal ecosystems. This study is an interdisciplinary ecological, ethnoecological and philosophical analysis. It applies the conceptual framework of biocultural ethics to characterize the intertidal habitat within the biocultural context of the Yaghan people. This is done through the composition of inhabitants, such as macroalgae and mollusks, linked to seasonal habits of abundance. Based on this account, we suggest methods and activities of biocultural conservations. We applied the Field Environmental Philosophy approach, which was carried out in Róbalo bay, Navarino island (55°S). Ecological results showed that biomass and macroalgae diversity increased in summer and decreased over the winter. Mollusks Mytilus edulis chilensis and Perumytilus purpuratus showed no seasonal variability abundance. Ethnographic results based on the literature and observant participation showed that low seasonal variability in mollusk abundance has been crucial to the subsistence of the Yaghan people. From the perspective of contemporary environmental ethics, we identified several values in the Yaghan worldview. For example, there are instrumental values in mollusks: they have been a source of food, aesthetic decoration, development of tools and building huts. We found references to the intrinsic values in mollusks, particularly in narratives and other ethnographic sources. These Yaghan values are rooted in a profound sense of empathy for biodiversity. As a result of the combined ecological, ethnographic, and philosophical issues, we suggest communication through metaphor (the submerged forest of Cape Horn) and field activities (open your eyes, dive with an open mind) for biocultural conservation.
- Published
- 2018
294. Interacciones bioculturales del pueblo yagán con las macroalgas y moluscos: Una aproximación desde la filosofía ambiental de campo
- Author
-
Ojeda,Jaime, Rozzi,Ricardo, Rosenfeld,Sebastián, Contadora,Tamara, Massardo,Francisca, Malebrán,Javiera, González-Calderón,Julia, and Mansilla,Andrés
- Subjects
macroalgas ,yagán ,conocimiento tradicional ecológico ,Biocultural ,ética ambiental ,moluscos - Abstract
Resumen: Las zonas costeras de Magallanes poseen alta diversidad de macroalgas y moluscos. A su vez, han sido habitadas por pueblos originarios, como el pueblo yagán, que han desarrollado una variedad de interacciones bioculturales con los ecosistemas costeros. Este trabajo es un estudio interdisciplinario ecológico, etno-ecológico y filosófico que utiliza el marco conceptual de la ética biocultural para caracterizar el hábitat intermareal en el contexto biocultural del pueblo yagán a través de la composición de habitantes como macroalgas y moluscos, vinculado con hábitos estacionales de abundancia. Mediante esta caracterización se proponen métodos y actividades de conservación biocultural. Para ello, adaptamos la aproximación metodológica interdisciplinaria de la Filosofía Ambiental de Campo, en un estudio realizado en bahía Róbalo, isla Navarino (55°S). Los resultados ecológicos mostraron que la biomasa y riqueza de macroalgas aumentó en verano y disminuyó en invierno; en contraste, los moluscos sésiles Mytilus edulis chilensis y Perumytilus purpuratus no presentaron una variabilidad estacional en su abundancia. Los resultados etnográficos basados en revisión de literatura y participación observante, muestran que la baja variabilidad estacional de la abundancia de moluscos ha sido vital para la subsistencia del pueblo yagán. Desde la perspectiva de la ética ambiental contemporánea identificamos diversos valores en la cosmovisión yagán. En un sentido amplio, identificamos un valor instrumental en los moluscos, que han sido utilizados por el pueblo yagán como fuente de alimentación, decoración estética, elaboración de herramientas y construcción de chozas. En las narrativas y otros registros etnográficos, identificamos un valor intrínseco, de los moluscos, arraigado en un profundo sentido de empatia. Para contribuir a la conservación biocultural, proponemos la metáfora “bosques sumergidos del Cabo de Hornos” y la actividad de campo “ojo buceo con ojo”, que recuperan hábitos de encuentros experienciales con el hábitat intermareal y el conjuntos de sus cohabitantes.
- Published
- 2018
295. LA FILOSOFÍA AMBIENTAL DE CAMPO Y LA ECORREGIÓN SUBANTÁRTICA DE MAGALLANES COMO UN LABORATORIO NATURAL EN EL ANTROPOCENO
- Author
-
ROZZI, RICARDO
- Subjects
education ,reserva de la biosfera ,conservación biocultural ,ética biocultural ,biocultural ethics ,biocultural conservation ,estudios socio- ecológicos a largo plazo ,educación ,biosphere reserve ,long-term socio-ecological research (LTSER) - Abstract
RESUMEN: Este número especial de Magallania presenta la aproximación metodológica de la Filosofía Ambiental de Campo (FILAC). Propongo que para implementar el concepto de laboratorio natural recientemente propuesto por el Estado de Chile es fundamental enfatizar la actividad de laborar transdisciplinariamente en estos lugares. La FILAC ofrece una metodología y una compresión que abren un horizonte científico, cultural y ético para consolidar como laboratorio natural a la ecorregión subantártica de Magallanes y la Reserva de la Biosfera Cabo de Hornos, cuyos atributos son presentados en la primera parte este número especial. Además, la metodología de la FILAC puede ser adaptada para laborar en otros laboratorios naturales de Chile y del mundo. Hoy esto es especialmente relevante en el contexto del Antropoceno que ha disuelto las antiguas dicotomías entre dimensiones “biofísicas” y “culturales” de la realidad y demanda un sentido de responsabilidad ética. Para responder a los desafíos socio-ambientales del Antropoceno, la FILAC propone un enfoque metodológico que integra el marco teórico de la ética biocultural con diversas formas de conocimiento ecológico de pueblos originarios y de las ciencias modernas, las artes y la filosofía en prácticas de investigación, educación y conservación biocultural. La FILAC representa una innovación socio-ecológica puesto que esta metodología ha permitido interrelacionar de manera sistemática conceptos y prácticas de las ciencias y ética en programas de educación escolar y superior, y está siendo adaptada en reservas de la biosfera y sitios de estudios socio-ecológicos a largo plazo. Estos sitios proveen una valiosa plataforma institucional para transformar políticas de desarrollo y programas educativos homogéneos que se imponen hoy sobre diversos hábitats y hábitos de vida a nivel mundial, y reorientarlos hacia una valoración de las relaciones vitales que existen entre hábitos de vida y hábitats específicos que son compartidos por comunidades de co-habitantes. Como se examina en la segunda y la tercera parte de este número especial de Magallania, la FILAC aporta una comprensión práctica para considerarnos como co-habitantes (no meros recursos humanos o recursos naturales), un concepto que entrega un entendimiento sobre la dignidad de los diversos seres vivos y las diversas culturas. ABSTRACT: This special issue of Magallania presents the methodological approach of the Field Environmental Philosophy (FEP). I propose that to implement the concept of natural laboratory recently proposed by the State of Chile, it is fundamental to strengthen the activity of laboring with a transdisciplinary approach in these places. FEP offers a methodology and an understanding that open scientific, cultural and ethical horizons to consolidate as a natural laboratory the sub-Antarctic Magellanic ecoregion and the Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve, whose attributes are presented in the first part of this special issue. In addition, FEP’s methodology can be adapted to work in other natural laboratories in Chile and the world. Today this is especially relevant in the context of the Anthropocene that has dissolved the old dichotomies between “biophysical” and “cultural” dimensions of reality and demands a sense of ethical responsibility. To respond to the socio-environmental challenges of the Anthropocene, FEP proposes a methodological approach that integrates the theoretical framework of the biocultural ethic and diverse forms ecological knowledge of indigenous peoples and modern sciences, arts and philosophy into biocultural research, education, and conservation practices. FEP represents a socio-ecological innovation since this methodology has allowed to systematically interrelate concepts and practices of the sciences and ethics into school and higher education programs, and is being adapted into biosphere reserves and long-term socio-ecological study sites. These sites provide a valuable institutional platform to transform development policies and homogeneous educational programs that today are imposed globally on various habitats and life habits, and reorient them towards a higher valuation of the vital relationships that exist between lifestyle habits and specific habitats that are shared by communities of co-inhabitants. As discussed in the second and third parts of this volume, FEP provides a practical understanding to consider ourselves as co-inhabitants (not mere human resources or natural resources), a concept that provides an understanding of the dignity of diverse living beings and diverse cultures.
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- 2018
296. Jardineras subantárticas: Conocimiento y valoración de la flora altoandina
- Author
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Méndez,Manuela O., Cavieres,Lohengrin, and Rozzi,Ricardo
- Subjects
Ética biocultural ,cooperación intraespecífica ,metáforas ,conservación - Abstract
Resumen: Este trabajo propone un nuevo concepto para cambiar la percepción de los hábitats de alta montaña en la región subantártica de Cabo de Hornos, desde un “desierto altoandino” hacia “jardineras” donde prevalecen las interacciones ecológicas positivas. Este cambio lo generamos a través de una práctica de la filosofía ambiental de campo, que incluyó la investigación en conjunto con la composición de metáforas y el diseño de actividades de campo ecológica y éticamente guiadas. El nuevo concepto procura afinar la observación y comprensión de los hábitos de vida de las plantas de alta montaña, donde la cooperación favorece la riqueza de especies que co-habitan en los hábitats altoandinos. Se demostró que el hábito de crecimiento en “cojín” es muy frecuente en estos ambientes, tanto en plantas vasculares como en musgos. Para promover la valoración ética y sintetizar descubrimientos ecológicos de estas formas de vida y las interacciones positivas que establecen con otras especies, se compuso la metáfora: “Jardineras altoandinas subantárticas”.
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- 2018
297. Análisis de los cursos de filosofía ambiental de campo en el parque etnobotánico omora, reserva de la biosfera cabo de hornos, Chile
- Author
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Malebrán, Javiera and Rozzi, Ricardo
- Subjects
interdisciplinario ,Educación ambiental ,intercultural ,environmental education ,natural history ,interdisciplinary ,historia natural ,ética ambiental ,environmental ethics - Abstract
Resumen: Uno de los causantes del cambio socio-ambiental global es la creciente tasa de urbanización mundial, con más de la mitad de la población habitando en ambientes urbanos. La concentración de la población en las urbes genera una desconexión entre la sociedad y los ambientes naturales y un desconocimiento de la diversidad biocultural asociada a ellos. Esta desconexión fomenta procesos de homogeneización biocultural alrededor del mundo. En el Parque Omora, el sitio más austral de la Red Chilena de Estudios Socio-Ecológicos a Largo Plazo, se ha desarrollado una aproximación metodológica que a través de prácticas de investigación, educación y conservación intenta remediar esta desconexión y falta de empatía: la Filosofía Ambiental de Campo (FILAC). Esta metodología procura fomentar un sentimiento de preocupación, cuidado y protección de la diversidad biocultural y revertir la tendencia global hacia una homogeneización biocultural. Este trabajo se centra en el curso internacional FILAC que se realiza anualmente en el Parque Omora. Se examinan los cursos ofrecidos el 2015, 2016, 2017 y 2018. Los participantes, provenientes de distintas regiones del mundo y distintas disciplinas, se sumergen en un ambiente académico, natural, social e institucional donde los participantes viven experiencias interculturales e interdisciplinarios que promueven y orientan una transformación en los modos de observar, comprender y valorar la diversidad biocultural, aprendiendo y aprehendiendo distintos y nuevos puntos de vista. Los participantes recuperaron prácticas esenciales para los naturalistas y lograron integrar las dimensiones biofísicas y culturales implicadas en el trabajo de investigación, educación y conservación biocultural. Esta integración considera tanto puntos de vista de las ciencias, la filosofía y las artes, como los propios ámbitos de estudio y áreas de desarrollo profesional y personal de cada participante. Se discute el potencial de aplicación de cursos de campo similares en otros sitios de estudios socio-ecológicos a largo plazo y áreas de conservación en el mundo, y cómo estos sitios podrían aportar a una reconexión de los estudiantes y otros grupos sociales con la diversidad biocultural de sus regiones. Abstract: One of the drivers of the global socio-environmental change is the growing rate of urbanization, with more than half of the world’s population living in urban environments. This trend fosters biocultural homogenization throughout the world and results in a disconnection between society and natural environments and, therefore, a lack of knowledge about the biocultural diversity associated to them. The concentration of the population in the cities generates a disconnection between society and natural environments, and a lack of knowledge of the biocultural diversity associated with them. This disconnection fosters processes of biocultural homogenization around the world. At the Omora Ethnobotanical Park, the southernmost site of the Chilean network of Long-Term Socio-Ecological Research (LTSER) sites, a methodological approach has been developed that through research, education and conservation practices aims to remedy this disconnection and lack of empathy: Field Environmental Philosophy (FEP). This methodology seeks to foster a sense of concern, care and protection of biocultural diversity, and reverse the global trend towards a biocultural homogenization. This article focuses on the international FEP course that takes place annually at Omora Park, examining the courses that were offered in 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018. Participants from different regions of the world and different disciplines immerse themselves in an academic, natural, social and institutional environment. They live intercultural and interdisciplinary experiences that guide a transformation in the ways of observing, understanding and valuing biocultural diversity, learning and apprehending different and new points of view. Participants recover essential practices for naturalists and managed to integrate the biophysical and cultural dimensions involved in biocultural research, education, and conservation. This integration considers the points of view of science, philosophy and the arts, as well as the areas of professional and personal development of each participant. The potential for application of similar field courses in other sites of long-term socio-ecological studies and conservation areas in the world is discussed, and how these sites could contribute to a reconnection of students and other social groups with the biocultural diversity of their regions.
- Published
- 2018
298. Cultivando un jardín de nombres en los bosques en miniatura del cabo de hornos: Extensión de la conservación biocultural y la ética a seres vivos poco percibidos
- Author
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Lewis, Lily, Gottschalk-Druschke, Caroline, Saldías, Camila, Mackenzie, Roy, Malebrán, Javiera, Goffinet, Bernard, and Rozzi, Ricardo
- Subjects
Briofitas ,education ,ética biocultural ,Bryophytes ,biocultural ethics ,educación ,field environmental philosophy ,lichens ,líquenes ,filosofía ambiental de campo - Abstract
Resumen: Las briófitas (musgos, hepáticas y antocerotes) y los líquenes han sido subvalorados en los programas de conservación y educación ambiental, y por la cultura moderna en general. Tanto es así, que la mayoría de las briofitas y líquenes carecen de un nombre común. Aquí presentamos una nueva metodología y actividad para fomentar una comprensión ecológica de la biodiversidad, como también de la conservación y la ética biocultural, que incluya a seres vivos pequeños y poco percibidos; tales como las briófitas. Si algo no tiene nombre, entonces no existe en el ámbito cultural. Si algo se nombra, entonces sí existe en la esfera cultural; además, su existencia queda decisivamente influida por su nombre. En el extremo sur del continente americano, la Reserva de la Biosfera Cabo de Hornos de la UNESCO en Chile protege un “hotspot” o centro mundial de diversidad de briofitas. Aquí el equipo de investigación en el Parque Etnobotánico Omora ha desarrollado una innovadora actividad educativa y de ecoturismo para apreciar las briofitas: Cultivando un Jardín de Nombres. Esta actividad se ha desarrollado bajo la aproximación metodológica de la Filosofía Ambiental de Campo (FILAC), que anima a estudiantes y visitantes a observar y apreciar tanto biofísica como culturalmente (incluyendo la dimensión simbólico-lingüística) la existencia de las briófitas y líquenes, sus hábitos de vida y sus hábitats. Los participantes son invitados a observar, dibujar y crear nombres para las briofitas y líquenes utilizando: (i) una lupa de mano para amplificar las características biofísicas de las plantas pequeñas y (ii) los lentes conceptuales de la ética biocultural para amplificar la comprensión acerca de cómo interpretar y respetar el mundo natural. A través de esta actividad, los participantes se conectan a seres vivos que eran antes poco percibidos y comienzan a visualizar, valorar y cuidar una realidad biofísica y cultural que es diversa, hermosa, y cumple funciones ecológicas que son esenciales para la integridad de los ecosistemas y el bienestar humano. Cultivando un Jardín de Nombres promueve un cambio de perspectiva científica y ética para incluir a grupos de seres vivos poco percibidos en las metas de conservación y educación ambiental. Abstract: Bryophytes (mosses, liverworts, and hornworts) and lichens have been undervalued in conservation and environmental education programs, and by modern culture in general. So much so, that most bryophytes and lichens lack a common name. We present a new methodology and activity to foster an ecological understanding of biodiversity, as well as of biocultural conservation and ethics, which includes little, under-perceived, living-beings --such as bryophytes. If something has no name, it does not exist in the cultural realm. If something is named, then it exists in the cultural sphere; additionally, its existence is decisively influenced by its name. At the southern end of the Americas, the UNESCO Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve in Chile protects a world’s biodiversity hotspot for bryophytes. Here, the research team at the Omora Ethnobotanical Park has developed an innovative educational and ecotourism activity to appreciate bryophytes: Cultivating a garden of names. This activity has been developed with the methodological approach of Field Environmental Philosophy. It encourages students and park’s visitors to engage physically as well as culturally (including the symbolic-linguistic dimension) with bryophytes and lichens, their life-habits and habitats. Park’s visitors are invited to observe, draw, and create names for bryophytes and lichens by using: (i) a magnifying glass or hand-lens to amplify the biophysical features of small plants, and (ii) the conceptual lenses of the biocultural ethics to broaden their understanding about how to interpret and respect the natural world. Through this activity, visitors connect to living beings that were previously under-perceived, and they come to see, value and care for a biophysical reality that is diverse, beautiful, and performs ecological functions that are essential to ecosystem integrity and human well-being. Cultivating a garden of names fosters a change of scientific and ethical perspectives to include little-perceived groups of organisms into the goals of conservation and environmental education.
- Published
- 2018
299. Jardineras subantárticas: Conocimiento y valoración de la flora altoandina
- Author
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Méndez, Manuela O., Cavieres, Lohengrin, and Rozzi, Ricardo
- Subjects
Ética biocultural ,Biocultural ethics ,cooperación intraespecífica ,conservation ,metáforas ,conservación ,metaphors ,interspecific cooperation - Abstract
Resumen: Este trabajo propone un nuevo concepto para cambiar la percepción de los hábitats de alta montaña en la región subantártica de Cabo de Hornos, desde un “desierto altoandino” hacia “jardineras” donde prevalecen las interacciones ecológicas positivas. Este cambio lo generamos a través de una práctica de la filosofía ambiental de campo, que incluyó la investigación en conjunto con la composición de metáforas y el diseño de actividades de campo ecológica y éticamente guiadas. El nuevo concepto procura afinar la observación y comprensión de los hábitos de vida de las plantas de alta montaña, donde la cooperación favorece la riqueza de especies que co-habitan en los hábitats altoandinos. Se demostró que el hábito de crecimiento en “cojín” es muy frecuente en estos ambientes, tanto en plantas vasculares como en musgos. Para promover la valoración ética y sintetizar descubrimientos ecológicos de estas formas de vida y las interacciones positivas que establecen con otras especies, se compuso la metáfora: “Jardineras altoandinas subantárticas”. Abstract: This work proposes a new concept for changing the perception about the high mountain habitats in the sub-Antarctic region of Cape Horn, from a “high-Andean desert” toward gardens where positive ecological interactions thrive. We generate this change through a practice of field environmental philosophy that involved the composition of metaphors and the design of field activities guided with an ecological and ethical orientation. This new concept aims to refine the observation and understanding about the life habits of mountain’s plants, where cooperation enhances the richness of species that con-inhabit in these high-Andean habitats. We demonstrated that cushion life-habit prevails in these environments, among both vascular and non-vascular plants. To foster an ethical valuation and a synthesis of the ecological discoveries about these life habits and the positive interactions they establish with other species, we composed the metaphor: “High-Andean sub-Antarctic gardens”.
- Published
- 2018
300. Transformaciones del pensamiento de darwin en cabo de hornos: Un legado para la ciencia y la etica ambiental
- Author
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Rozzi, Ricardo
- Subjects
human evolution ,post-truth ,post-verdad ,evolución humana ,yahgan ,yagán ,good life ,buen vivir ,fueguinos ,fuegians - Abstract
Resumen: Durante sus expediciones por los archipiélagos en la región del Cabo de Hornos, Darwin se sorprendió con presencia humana en Cabo de Hornos. Sus observaciones sobre los paisajes, la fauna y los hábitos de vida de los pueblos originarios fueguinos, lo llevaron a cuestionarse y estimularon sus pensamientos iniciales sobre la teoría de la evolución de las especies, incluida la especie humana. El pensamiento evolutivo de Darwin sobre la especie humana comenzó a gestarse en Cabo de Hornos. En este trabajo se examina cómo, en el curso de su vida, Darwin transformó su juicio inicial sobre los pueblos fueguinos y cómo este cambio de juicio está asociado a la maduración de sus conceptos para plantear la teoría de la evolución humana, para esbozar reflexiones sobre un concepto ecológico-contextual sobre el concepto del buen vivir y plantear implicaciones éticas que derivan de su teoría de la evolución humana. A partir de la identificación de estos conceptos, se analiza las implicancias para un pensamiento científico y para una ética ambiental que contribuyan a tratar algunas de las causas últimas de la actual crisis socio-ambiental global. En el contexto de este número especial de Magallania, este análisis explica los fundamentos del nombre del curso internacional de Filosofía Ambiental de Campo, llamado también Tracing Darwin’s Path in Cape Horn (“Tras los pasos de Darwin en Cabo de Hornos”) que desde el año 2005 ofrecen anualmente la Universidad de Magallanes y la Universidad North Texas en la Reserva de la Biosfera Cabo de Hornos. Abstract: During his expeditions through the archipelagos in the Cape Horn region, Charles Darwin was surprised by the presence of humans in Cape Horn. His observations on the landscapes, the fauna, and the life habits of the Fuegian people led him to question Victorian concepts, and stimulated his initial thoughts about the theory of evolution, including the human species. The evolutionary thought of Darwin on the human species began to take shape in Cape Horn. In this paper, I examine how in the course of his life Darwin transformed his initial judgments about the Fuegian people, and how this change of judgment is associated with the maturation of his concepts to forge the theory of human evolution. I also examine his early reflections on an ecological-contextual concept of good living, and the ethical implications that derive from his theory of human evolution. From the identification of these concepts, I analyze the implications for a scientific thought and for an environmental ethics that may contribute to address some of the ultimate causes of the current global socio-environmental crisis. In the context of this special issue of Magallania, this analysis offers a theoretical explanation of the name of the international course in Field Environmental Philosophy, which is also called “Tracing Darwin’s Path in Cape Horn,” offered annually since 2005 by the University of Magallanes and the University of North Texas University in the Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve.
- Published
- 2018
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