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Detailed analytical electron microscope (AEM) studies of yellow whiskers produced by chemical vapor deposition (CVD)1 show that two basic types of whiskers are produced at low temperatures (between 1200°C and 1400°C) and low boron to carbon gas ratios. Both whisker types show planar microstructures such as twin planes and stacking faults oriented parallel to, or at a rhombohedral angle to, the growth direction. For both whisker types, the presence of droplet-like terminations containing both Si and Ni indicate that the growth process during CVD is via a vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) mechanism.

Coupled transport is a membrane process for concentrating and separating metal ions from aqueous solution. The membrane consists of an organic liquid complexing agent held within the pores of a microporous membrane. Metal ions are transported from a dilute aqueous feed solution to a concentrated aqueous solution by coupling their flow to that of a second ionic species. The working of the extraction system is illustrated using copper and nickel (separately) in 30% Kelex 100 in Kermac 470B within a membrane of Celgard 2400. Membrane design is discussed, and the development of coupled transport membrane processes to separate uranium from acidic leach liquors and chromium from electroplating solutions is described., Coupled transport is a membrane process for concentrating and separating metal ions from aqueous solution. The membrane consists of an organic liquid complexing agent held within the pores of a microporous membrane. Metal ions are transported from a dilute aqueous feed solution to a concentrated aqueous solution by coupling their flow to that of a second ionic species. The working of the extraction system is illustrated using copper and nickel (separately) in 30% Kelex 100 in Kermac 470B within a membrane of Celgard 2400. Membrane design is discussed, and the development of coupled transport membrane processes to separate uranium from acidic leach liquors and chromium from electroplating solutions is described.

Coupled transport is a membrane process for concentrating and separating metal ions from aqueous solution. The membrane consists of an organic liquid complexing agent held within the pores of a microporous membrane. Metal ions are transported from a dilute aqueous feed solution to a concentrated aqueous solution by coupling their flow to that of a second ionic species. The working of the extraction system is illustrated using copper and nickel (separately) in 30% Kelex 100 in Kermac 470B within a membrane of Celgard 2400. Membrane design is discussed, and the development of coupled transport membrane processes to separate uranium from acidic leach liquors and chromium from electroplating solutions is described., Coupled transport is a membrane process for concentrating and separating metal ions from aqueous solution. The membrane consists of an organic liquid complexing agent held within the pores of a microporous membrane. Metal ions are transported from a dilute aqueous feed solution to a concentrated aqueous solution by coupling their flow to that of a second ionic species. The working of the extraction system is illustrated using copper and nickel (separately) in 30% Kelex 100 in Kermac 470B within a membrane of Celgard 2400. Membrane design is discussed, and the development of coupled transport membrane processes to separate uranium from acidic leach liquors and chromium from electroplating solutions is described.

Research applications of ultrasound in the mineral-processing industry include: Measurement of the attenuation of ultrasound in mineral pulps as a function of frequency, measurement of the particle size and particle concentration, measurement of the sound velocity, and measurement in pulps of the concentration of a material of a particular size (e.g. resin, carbon). An ultrasonic transducer calibration system and a transducer analysis system are described., Research applications of ultrasound in the mineral-processing industry include: Measurement of the attenuation of ultrasound in mineral pulps as a function of frequency, measurement of the particle size and particle concentration, measurement of the sound velocity, and measurement in pulps of the concentration of a material of a particular size (e.g. resin, carbon). An ultrasonic transducer calibration system and a transducer analysis system are described.