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我國高等教育政策發展與人才培育成效近年廣受社會關注與業界挑戰，尤其是畢業生就業條件未能跟上快速變遷的職場環境與雇主要求，致使大學教育與產業人才需求間，存在亟需解決的缺口。本研究以社會認知生涯理論為基礎，問卷為調查工具，採立意抽樣方式，選取12所學校大學生為樣本，共獲619 份有效問卷，以分析教師轉換型領導、學生自我效能和問題導向學習對大學生就業力發展的直接影響，並進一步瞭解自我效能與問題導向學習在教師轉換型領導對學生就業力間的中介效果。透過結構方程模式分析顯示，教師轉換型領導、問題導向學習和自我效能對學生就業力具有正向顯著影響，且問題導向學習與自我效能在轉換型領導與就業力間扮演重要的中介角色。最後，根據研究結果提出具體建議及未來研究方 向，作為大學及其教師在課程與教學規劃之參考。 In Taiwan, higher education policies and manpower training have failed to meet the requirements of the rapidly changing society and employer expectations. This causes a substantial gap between university education and employment. On the basis of social cognitive career theory, this study aims to explore the relationships between transformational leadership, self-efficacy, problem-based learning, and student employability in higher education institutions (HEIs). In this study, 619 undergraduates from 12 Taiwanese HEIs were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results revealed significant positive influences of transformational leadership, self-efficacy, and problem-based learning on student employability. Moreover, problem-based learning and self-efficacy are key mediators between transformational leadership and student employability. On the basis of the findings, specific suggestions and managerial implications for HEIs concerning curriculum and instruction planning and areas for future research are provided.

Background: Our previous studies have shown that Tongxinluo (TXL), a compound Chinese medicine, can decrease myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, protect capillary endothelium function, and lessen cardiac ventricle reconstitution in animal models. The aim of this study was to illuminate whether TXL can improve hypercholesterolemia-impaired heart function by protecting artery endothelial function and increasing microvascular density (MVD) in heart. Furthermore, we will explore the underlying molecular mechanism of TXL cardiovascular protection. Methods: After intragastric administration of TXL (0.1 ml/10 g body weight) to C57BL/6J wild-type mice (n = 8) and ApoE-/- mice (n = 8), total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)-cholesterol, triglyceride, and blood glucose levels in serum were measured. The parameters of heart rate (HR), left ventricular diastolic end diameter, and left ventricular systolic end diameter were harvested by ultrasonic cardiogram. The left ventricular ejection fraction, stroke volume, cardiac output, and left ventricular fractional shortening were calculated. Meanwhile, aorta peak systolic flow velocity (PSV), end diastolic flow velocity, and mean flow velocity (MFV) were measured. The pulsatility index (PI) and resistant index were calculated in order to evaluate the vascular elasticity and resistance. The endothelium-dependent vasodilatation was evaluated by relaxation of aortic rings in response to acetylcholine. Western blotting and real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction were performed for protein and gene analyses of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Immunohistochemical detection was performed for myocardial CD34 expression. Data in this study were compared by one-way analysis of variance between groups. A value of P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Although there was no significant decrease of cholesterol level (F = 2.300, P = 0.240), TXL inhibited the level of triglyceride and VLDL (F = 9.209, P = 0.024 and F = 9.786, P = 0.020, respectively) in ApoE-/- mice. TXL improved heart function of ApoE-/- mice owing to the elevations of LVEF, SV, CO, and LVFS (all P < 0.05). TXL enhanced aortic PSV and MFV (F = 10.774, P = 0.024 and F = 11.354, P = 0.020, respectively) and reduced PI of ApoE-/- mice (1.41 ± 0.17 vs. 1.60 ± 0.17; P = 0.037). After incubation with 10 μmol/L acetylcholine, the ApoE-/- mice treated with TXL aortic segment relaxed by 44% ± 3%, significantly higher than control group mice (F = 9.280, P = 0.040). TXL also restrain the angiogenesis of ApoE-/- mice aorta (F = 21.223, P = 0.010). Compared with C57BL/6J mice, the MVD was decreased in heart tissue of untreated ApoE-/- mice (54.0 ± 3.0/mm2 vs. 75.0 ± 2.0/mm2; F = 16.054, P = 0.010). However, TXL could significantly enhance MVD (65.0 ± 5.0/mm2 vs. 54.0 ± 3.0/mm2; F = 11.929, P = 0.020) in treated ApoE-/- mice. In addition, TXL obviously increased the expression of VEGF protein determined by Western blot (F = 20.247, P = 0.004). Conclusions: TXL obviously improves the ApoE-/- mouse heart function from different pathways, including reduces blood fat to lessen atherosclerosis; enhances aortic impulsivity, blood supply capacity, and vessel elasticity; improves endothelium-dependent vasodilatation; restraines angiogenesis of aorta-contained plaque; and enhances MVD of heart. The molecular mechanism of MVD enhancement maybe relate with increased VEGF expression.

校務研究對於臺灣高等教育而言是個尚待開發的新興領域，故各大專校院所進行的校務研究活動與事物，皆是根據該校所擁有的資料進行分析、轉換及應用。在資料蒐集及建置上並無共通一致的標準與規定，各大專校院亦根據美國校務研究協會所提供之資料與資訊發展自身的校務研究（特色）。由於校務研究係針對高等教育機構內部資料的蒐集、分析與詮釋，包含學生、教師、行政人員、校內環境等等，由校務研究專業人員分析出有價值且可參考的資訊，提供機構高階管理者進行決策考量與校務發展的規劃。然而，資料分析應用是否能有效進行皆植基於資料的蒐集與整理，起始資料的完備程度與資料系統建置可視為是校務研究的第一步，其決定了後續的資料分析與分析資訊能否富含決策價值。因此，本研究參酌社會 科學量化分析、圖書館學與資訊科學，檢視某（北部）私立大學校務研究資料庫之設計與建置模組，其結果可作為提供我國大專校院參考依循的實務模式。最後，本文旨在探討現行高等教育領域運用學校所蒐集之巨量教育資料的儲存與編整模式，以作為校務研究中心專業人員的分析基礎及實務參考模式，並利於學校進行決策支援管理。 Institutional research (IR) is expected to undergo development to conform to the needs of Taiwan’s higher education sector by enabling each university to execute IR based on its own data to conduct analysis, transfers, and applications. Thus, no common and consistent standards and regulations will govern data collection and storage. Each university develops its own IR strategy based on data and information provided by the U.S. Association of Institutional Research. IR focuses on internal data collection, analysis, and interpretation from higher education institutions. Objects of study include students, faculty members, support staff, and the school environment. Institutional researchers analyze information of value to facilitate senior leaders’ decision-making and institutional development. However, the effectiveness of data analysis applications is based on data collection and storage; therefore, the completeness of the initial data and data system construction is the first step in IR development to determine whether subsequent data analysis and interpretation are valuable for decision-making. Therefore, this study investigated the data-processing elements of libraries and information science and the design and models of IR databases at a private university in Taiwan. The study objective was to ascertain the method of massive educational information use and storage in the modern higher education sector and to determine the optimal mode of analyzing concepts and references for institutional research professionals. The outcomes of this study could contribute to university decision-making processes.

Polyacrylonitrile (AN69) filter membranes adsorb cytokines during continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH). Although high-volume hemofiltration has shown limited benefits, the dose-effect relationship in CVVH with AN69 membranes on severe sepsis remains undetermined. This multi-centered study enrolled 266 patients with sepsis-induced multiorgan dysfunction syndrome (MODS) who underwent CVVH with AN69 membranes between 2014 and 2015. We investigated the effects of ultrafiltration rates (UFR) on mortality. We categorized patients that were treated with UFR of 20–25 mL/kg/h as the standard UFR group (n = 124) and those that were treated with a UFR >25 mL/kg/h as the high UFR group (n = 142). Among the patient characteristics, the baseline estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR) 2, hemoglobin levels p = 0.005). We concluded that in patients with sepsis-induced MODS, SOFA scores ≥15 predicted a poor rate of survival. High UFR setting >25 mL/kg/h in CVVH with AN69 membranes may reduce the mortality risk in these high-risk patients.

The study aims to analyze the economic determinants of national carbon emissions in a large cross-section of 119 countries. The study followed the 'theory of sustainable development' to assess the national sustainable developmental agenda. The study employed cross-sectional, robust least squares, and Markov switching regression for parameter estimates. The findings indicate that information disclosure, the cost of business start-up procedures, sustainable fuel imports, and renewable energy decrease emissions stock. In contrast, ease of doing business and logistics operations increase it. According to the ex-ante analysis, information disclosure, the cost of business start-up procedures, and environmentally friendly logistical operations would likely reduce emissions stock. Ease of doing business and lower renewable fuel expenditures will almost certainly increase emissions stock in the majority of subsequent years. Over time, information disclosure is expected to significantly impact carbon emissions, followed by renewable energy consumption, doing business, and logistical operations. Sustainable economic policies worldwide make it possible for green technology and environmentally friendly manufacturing to be put into place. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: To date there is no study on the feasibility of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for papillary thyroid microcarcinomas (PTMCs) with BRAF V600E mutation. Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the efficiency, safety, and prognosis of ultrasound (US)-guided percutaneous RFA for unifocal PTMCs with BRAF V600E mutation. Materials and Methods: Sixty patients with 60 unifocal BRAF V600E mutation-positive PTMCs who received US-guided RFA between January 2020 and December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The mean maximum PTMC tumor diameter was 5.8 ± 1.7 mm (range, 2.5-10.0 mm). All PTMCs were pathologically confirmed by fine needle aspiration or core needle biopsy, and BRAF V600E mutation was confirmed to be positive by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) was performed immediately after RFA to evaluate whether PTMCs were extendedly ablated. Ultrasound was performed 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after RFA and every 6 months thereafter to evaluate the changes in the ablation zone, local recurrence, and cervical lymph node metastasis (LNM). The complications were recorded and evaluated. Results: Extended ablation was achieved in all enrolled patients. The ablation zone sizes increased immediately after RFA compared with those of tumors before treatment. One month later, the ablation zone sizes were smaller than immediately after RFA. At the last follow-up assessment, 42 nodules (70.0%) completely disappeared and the ablation zones of 18 nodules (30.0%) showed fissure-like changes. No local recurrence or cervical LNM was detected. Voice change (1.7%) was the only major complication. Conclusion: RFA is effective and safe in treating unifocal PTMCs with BRAF V600E mutation, especially when surgery is not feasible or refused by patients who are unwilling to continue active surveillance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The service industry provides distributive services, producer services, personal services, and social services. These services largely breakdowns due to restrictions on border movements, confined travel and transportation services, a decline in international tourists’ visitation, nationwide lockdowns, and maintaining social distancing in the population. Although these measures are highly needed to contain coronavirus, it decreases economic and financial activities in a country, which requires smart solutions to globally subsidize the services sector. The study used different COVID-19 measures, and its resulting impact on the services industry by using world aggregated data from 1975 through 2020. The study benefited from the Keynesian theory of aggregate demand that remains provided a solution to minimize economic shocks through stringent or liberalizing economic policies. The COVID-19 pandemic is more severe than the financial shocks of 2018 that affected almost all sectors of the globalized world, particularly the services sector, which has been severally affected by COVID-19; it is a high time to revisit economic policies to control pandemic recession. The study used quantiles regression and innovation accounting matrix to obtain ex-ante and ex-post analysis. The quantile regression estimates show that causes of death by communicable diseases, including COVID-19, mainly decline the share of services value added to the global GDP at different quantiles distribution. In contrast, word-of-mouth helps to prevent it from the transmission channel of coronavirus plague through information sharing among the general masses. The control of food prices and managing physical distancing reduces suspected coronavirus cases; however, it negatively affects the services sector’s value share. The smart lockdown and sound economic activities do not decrease coronavirus cases, while they support increasing the percentage of the services sector to the global GDP. The innovation accounting matrix suggested that smart lockdown, managing physical distancing, effective price control, and sound financial activities will help to reduce coronavirus cases that will further translate into increased services value-added for the next ten years. The social distancing will exert a more considerable variance error shock to the services industry, which indicates the viability of these measures to contained novel coronavirus over a time horizon. The study used the number of proxies to the COVID-19 measures on the service sector that can be continued with real-time variables to obtain more inferences.