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This study mapped definitions of shortened dental configurations and health outcomes employed in association studies. A scoping review was conducted using the PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO and Cochrane databases. Two trained researchers selected studies and extracted data. Studies that investigated the association between shortened dental configurations (exposure) and person-centered outcomes (general and oral health) related to health behavior (dietary patterns). Clinical outcomes were classified according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health and the International Classification of Diseases of the World Health Organization (WHO). Shortened dental configurations were defined as at least 20/21 teeth or the position of the teeth, including esthetics, dental occlusion and periodontal status (Eichner Index, Shortened Dental Arches, Functional Dentition Classification System, Posterior Occluding Pairs, Functional Tooth Units). The initial search resulted in 12,525 records in English, Portuguese and Spanish, 432 of which addressed the association of interest. General health (n = 203) and oral health (n = 201) were addressed in a similar number of studies. Most outcomes were related to general health (n = 184), the most frequent of which were endocrine, nutritional or metabolic diseases (n = 57) and mental functions (n = 26). Person-centered measures were addressed in 153 studies, most of which were about oral health and oral health-related quality of life (n = 62). Oral health outcomes were predominantly related to intake functions (n = 44) and diseases or disorders of the orofacial complex (n = 24). Dietary patterns (n = 43) and mortality (n = 38) were also studied. The cross-sectional design (n = 257) and non-probabilistic sampling (n = 218) were more frequent. The shortened dental configurations defined by the WHO were the most frequent in the studies (n = 206). The effects of shortened dental configurations have been investigated mainly in relation to endocrine, nutritional or metabolic diseases and measures of oral health-related quality of life. The findings point to a diversity of health outcomes assessed and substantial methodological variability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This case report describes the camouflage treatment of a patient with an anterior open bite, bimaxillary skeletal protrusion with a mild class II skeletal pattern, reduced periodontium with generalized slight bone loss, localized severe bone loss at the maxillary upper incisors, and a tongue thrust habit. Orthodontic treatment included modifying the resting posture of the tongue and sectionally intruding maxillary posterior teeth while controlling the extrusion of mandibular posterior teeth using temporary anchorage devices (TADs), followed by sectional mechanics at the maxillary arch and continuous arch mechanics at the mandibular arch, along with interpromximal reduction at the mandibular teeth and inter-arch elastics from the mandibular teeth to the maxillary TADs to minimize orthodontic force magnitude and duration specifically applied to periodontally compromised maxillary incisors. The patient's chief complaint was addressed, and treatment objectives were achieved, with good esthetic and occlusal outcomes. Stability was shown over a 56-month follow-up period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction Facial growth pattern is an important factor in planning orthodontic treatment properly. Knowledge of arch forms is important for an orthodontist, as it is related to future treatment outcome. Factors such as age, sex, and ethnicity are also important. The purpose of present study was to evaluate the dental arch dimensions in a different facial pattern in regional population, to evaluate correlation in the facial pattern with dental arch width to evaluate the differences in dental arch width between male and female subjects. Materials The present study was conducted on 120 untreated subjects comprising of 60 males and 60 females aged between 16 to 38 years. The Jarabak’s ratio (posterior facial height/anterior facial height) was measured on cephalograms of each patient. Maxillary and mandibular inter-canine, first inter-premolar, second interpremolar and first inter-molar widths were measured on study models of each patient. Results There was no significant correlation between dental arch width and vertical facial pattern in regional population. In males, arch width is greater in canine, premolar and molar region than females. Conclusion It was concluded that dental arch width is not associated with the vertical facial pattern but it is associated with gender. Thus, using individualized arch wires according to gender is suggested during orthodontic treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This cross-sectional study conducted at the Prosthodontics Centre, Ibn Sina University Hospital in Rabat, Morocco, investigates the dimensions and shapes characterizing maxillary and mandibular edentulous arches in a patient population seeking consultation. The objective is to provide insights crucial for optimizing outcomes in prosthetic therapy, informing decisions on impression trays, occlusion planes, prosthetic teeth, and implant attributes. Sixty-seven edentulous Moroccan patients (40 men, 27 women), aged 31 to 90, were recruited at the Prosthodontics Centre. Maxillary and mandibular casts were meticulously crafted, and precise measurements of anterior and posterior width and length were acquired for both arches. Arch shapes were categorized into O-shape, V-shape, and U-shape. Data were analyzed using Microsoft® Excel 2013 and SPSS software (IBM SPSS Statistics 23). Analysis revealed maxillary arch lengths ranging from 40 to 58 mm, maxillary arch widths from 38 to 58 mm, mandibular arch lengths from 33 to 56 mm, and mandibular arch widths from 30 to 60 mm. The predominant arch shape was the ovoid, constituting 34% (n=23) of maxillary cases and 54% (n=36) of mandibular cases. This study provides novel insights into the dimensions and shapes of maxillary and mandibular edentulous arches in patients seeking consultation at Ibn Sina University Hospital, Rabat, Morocco. The findings offer valuable guidance for prosthetic therapy decisions, emphasizing the importance of integrating established references and arch classifications for optimal outcomes in the treatment of edentulous patients in Morocco. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: When young patients are congenitally missing anterior teeth, different treatment modalities can be used to complement the dental arch. This article proposes a new treatment modality for the replacement of anterior teeth, the cantilever contact‐point resin bonded bridge (CCP‐RBB). Materials and Methods: In this proof of principle study, CCP‐RBB's delivered by one operator were clinically assessed. Patients who were missing maxillary incisors and had suitable intra‐oral conditions for a contact‐point cantilever RBB were included. Three cases are presented to describe all adhesive steps. This proof of principle clinical study is presented with up to 60 months follow‐up of the cantilever contact resin bonded bridges. Results: A total of 19 CCP‐RBB's were evaluated after a mean period of 29.8 months. None of the restorations exhibited failure, carious lesions or fractures during the follow‐up periods, demonstrating an absence of restoration debonding or the need for repair. Conclusion: The new cantilever contact‐point resin bonded bridge exhibited an excellent treatment modality without failure or debonding up to 5 years. More and extended duration in vivo studies are needed to evaluate this new treatment modality. Clinical Significance: In this proof of principle the new cantilever contact‐point resin bonded bridge obtained excellent results up to 5 years of clinical follow‐up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To describe a new classification for intraoral scans based on the scan extension and to introduce a decision guideline to choose the scan extension for fabricating tooth‐ and implant‐supported fixed dental prostheses (FDPs). Overview: Multiple operator‐ and patient‐related factors have been identified that can decrease the scanning accuracy of intraoral scanners (IOSs), including scan extension. However, the decision criteria for selecting scan extension for fabricating tooth‐ and implant‐supported restorations is unclear. Based on the extension of the intraoral digital scans, three types of scans can be defined: half‐arch (anterior or posterior), extended half‐arch, and complete‐arch scan. Variables to consider when choosing the scan extension include the number and location of units being restored, as well as the extension and location of edentulous areas. Additionally, the accuracy of the virtual definitive cast and the accuracy of the maxillomandibular relationship captured by using IOSs should be differentiated. Conclusions: A decision tree for selecting the scan extension is presented. The decision is based on the number and location of units being restored, and the extension and location of edentulous areas. Intraoral scans with reduced scan extension are indicated when fabricating tooth‐ and implant‐supported crowns or short‐span fixed prostheses, when the patient does not have more than one missing tooth in the area of the dental arch included in the scan. For the remaining clinical conditions, complete‐arch intraoral scans are recommended. Clinical Significance: Scan extension is a clinician's decision that should be based on the number and location of units being restored and the extension and location of edentulous areas. Intraoral scans with a reduced scan extension is recommended, when possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Complete arch implant rehabilitation necessitates meticulous treatment planning and high‐level collaboration between surgical and prosthetic dental teams. Emerging virtual technologies hold considerable promise in streamlining this process. The aim of this article is to extend recommendations to clinicians venturing into the virtual patient‐assisted esthetic implant rehabilitation workflow. Overview: This article summarizes recommendations for virtual patient‐assisted esthetic implant rehabilitation in the following five aspects: three‐dimensional data handling and superimposition, occlusion and virtual articulator integration in creating virtual patients, streamlined face‐ and prosthetic‐driven surgical planning, reuse of presurgical data ("Copy & Paste"), and final impression for passive fitting of final restoration. To illustrate these principles, a case with complete‐mouth implant rehabilitation completed within six visits using this virtual patient workflow is presented. Conclusion: The virtual patient workflow serves as an invaluable tool to perform treatment planning, enhance efficiency, and ensure predictable outcomes in esthetic complete arch implant rehabilitation. Clinical Significance: Virtual workflows are increasingly prevalent in esthetic implant rehabilitation. Nevertheless, these workflows necessitate a distinct set of knowledge and tools divergent from conventional dentistry practices. This article offers guidelines and recommendations for dental clinicians who are new to this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The principal objective of this study was to compare the failure load between the conventional heat polymerized PMMA and the CAD/CAM milled PMMA interim full arch implant prostheses. The secondary aim was to evaluate the success of the distal extension of the temporary PMMA prosthesis. Methods: A metallic edentulous upper arch model with 4 Straumann screw-retained abutment digital analogs was used to create 15 specimens for each of the 2 groups: Conventional and milled. Failure load was measured on 5 different regions on the left and right side of each specimen with the YLE universal testing machine: Anterior, premolar, and molar. Results: The maximum force supported before breaking was noted for each region (N). The medians of failure load were statistically analyzed. Significant differences were observed between the 2 groups and among each region in the 2 groups. The posterior cantilever was the weakest sector in both groups followed by the anterior then the premolar regions. Conclusions: The interim milled PMMA prosthesis are a better choice due to their improved mechanical stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Because of close association of roots of maxillary premolars and molars with maxillary sinuses, effect of periodontal bone loss on sinuses needs to be evaluated. Objective: The current study aimed to analyze relationship between of maxillary sinus mucosal thickening and alveolar bone loss using computed tomography. Methods: All erupted second premolars, first and second molars in the maxillary arch bilaterally, were assessed for periodontal bone loss (PBL), so 12 points in each patient (mesial and distal sides of each tooth) and at same locations, mucosal thickening (MT) was assessed on maxillary sinus floor. Furthermore, probable effect of each tooth pulpoperiapical condition (PPAC) on sinus mucosal thickening was assessed. Results: The present study consisted of 110 individuals of which CT images of 220 maxillary sinuses and 639 teeth (total 1278 teeth surfaces) were studied. MT was observed in 71.83% of sinus locations showing thickening of 1-3mm in 64.38%, 3.1-6mm, in 14.71%, 6.1-10mm in 11.33%, and >10mm in 9.59% of cases. PBL was observed in 69.01% of teeth surface locations showing mild alveolar bone loss in 69.84%, moderate in 25.06%, and severe in 5.10% of cases. When statistically analyzed, sinus MT was significantly associated with PBL and PPAC but stronger effect of PBL was present. Conclusions: In our study, observed prevalence of sinus MT was 71.83% and prevalence of periodontitis was 69.01%. Sinus MT was associated significantly with PBL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to examine how various anchorage methods impact long-term maxillary whole arch distalization using clear aligners (CAs) through an automated staging simulation. Three different anchorage reinforcement methods, namely, Class II elastics, buccal temporary anchorage device (TAD), and palatal TAD, were designed. Orthodontic tooth movement induced by orthodontic forces was simulated using an iterative computation method. Additionally, the automatic adjustment of the CA was simulated through the application of the thermal expansion method. The results indicated that the palatal TAD group had the largest retraction of incisors, followed by the buccal TAD group and the Class II elastic group, while the least was in the control group. The largest distal displacements and efficiency of molar distalization for the first and the second molars were noticed in the palatal TAD group. Arch width increased at the molar and premolar levels in all groups. The FEM results suggested palatal TAD had the best performance considering anterior teeth anchorage maintenance, both sagittally and vertically. However, attention should be paid to the possible increasement of arch width. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The human permanent dentition has been commonly used for personal identification due to its uniqueness. Limited research, however, is conducted using 3D digital dental models. We propose to develop a new 3D superimposition method using the contours of human dentition and to further evaluate its feasibility. A total of 270 intraoral scan models were collected from 135 subjects. After a one‐year interval, 52 subjects were chosen at random and the secondary intraoral scan models were obtained. The dentition contours of the first and secondary models were extracted to form a resource dataset and a test dataset. Through the application of the iterative nearest point (ICP) algorithm, the test dataset was registered with the resource dataset, and the root mean square error (RMSE) values of the point‐to‐point distances were calculated. 104 genuine pairs and 13,936 imposter pairs were generated, and in this study, the registration accuracy was 100%. The difference between mean RMSE values for the genuine pair (0.20 ± 0.06 mm) and the minimum RMSE value for the imposter pair (0.83 ± 0.06 mm) was significant in the maxillary arch (p < 0.05). Similarly, in the mandibular arch, the difference between mean RMSE values for the genuine pair (0.22 ± 0.07 mm) and the minimum RMSE value for the imposter pair (0.85 ± 0.08 mm) was significant (p < 0.05). The difference between the RMSE value for the genuine pair in the maxillary and the mandibular arch was significant (p < 0.05). This study indicated the feasibility of dentition contour‐based model superimposition and could be considered for personal identification in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of the study is to assess the precision of digital impressions in removable partial dentures through an in vitro study on the degree of abutment adaptation. A Kennedy Class III model with a prosthetic space between elements 43 and 47, featuring niches in the mesio-occlusal and cingulum regions, respectively. Conventional impressions were performed in subgroups CONC and CONM, while digital scanning was conducted in subgroups DIGC and DIGM. Simplified cobalt-chromium alloy frameworks were manufactured using the lost-wax technique on plaster and resin models. The degree of adaptation of the structures was evaluated by impressing the niches with condensation silicone, qualitatively assessing perforations, and quantitatively measuring the mold thickness under a stereomicroscope after cross-sectioning. Regular adaptation was more prevalent among the experimental groups. CONC showed a higher mean degree of abutment adaptation, while CONM had a lower mean. The study factors, impression technique, and type of abutment seat, were not statistically significant, with no interaction among the variables. Occlusal and cingulum abutment measurement points, in both impression techniques, showed no statistically significant difference. Digital scanning yielded better results in terms of abutment adaptation, with smaller average gaps between the abutment seat and the metal structure, making it clinically acceptable. The type of abutment seat and the impression technique did not have a statistically significant impact on abutment adaptation. The impression technique does not represent a factor influencing the adaptation of occlusal and cingulum abutments at different measurement points. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Esthetics play a very important role in dentistry. In the absence of teeth, the alveolar ridges resorb, causing the facial muscles to lose support, resulting in diminished facial muscle tone, and a slumped cheek. The authors present here a case of a 54‑year‑old male patient who reported missing upper and lower teeth. An intraoral examination revealed completely edentulous maxillary and mandibular arches. On extraoral examination, the cheeks were sunken, and the skin was wrinkled. For the patient, a complete denture with removable cheek plumpers was advised due to his hollow cheeks. This method accurately determines the space available for cheek plumpers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cone beam computed tomography is the most effective device for assessing the link between articular eminence and dental arch shape. It provides accurate information on these variables. Objectives: The present investigation utilised cone beam computed tomography imaging to assess the correlation between the morphology of the articular eminence and the form of the dental arch in patients exhibiting class I, II, and III skeletal relationships. Information on the articular eminence and the morphology of the dental arch can be collected using cone beam computed tomography. This imaging technique is regarded the most effective method for evaluating any correlation between these variables. Materials and Methods: This prospective study was undertaken at the Baquba teaching hospital in Diyala city from December 2021 to June 2023. A total of 200 patients, comprising an equal number of males and females, participated in this study. The age range of the participants was between 18 and 50 years. These individuals got cone beam computed tomography imaging as a component of their medical care. The data collected in these instances has been utilised to carry out the inquiry continuously. This study obtained approval from both the Iraqi Ministry of Health and the scientific committee of the University of Diyala College of Medicine in Baquba city to use the case in question. Results: Comparison of Different Angles (A, B, C) between different arch shapes in right and left Side, no significant differences were found in Angle A, Angle B, or Angle C between different dental arch classes (p-values > .05). Comparison of articular eminence height between different arch shapes, no significant differences were found in articular eminence height between different dental arch classes (p=.872), additionally, our study found no significant difference between the inclination of the articular eminence and the various skeletal relationships of dental arches. Furthermore, our study revealed that the most common shape of dental arches was ovoid, followed by square and tapering arches. Similarly, no significant difference was found between the shape of the articular eminence and the different forms of dental arches (ovoid, square, and tapered). Conclusion: A thorough comprehension of the complex connections between the angle of the dental arch and the slope of the articular eminence was achieved by meticulously analysing various angles on both the left and right sides. Despite identifying several associations, the study ultimately determined that none of these relationships achieved statistical significance. The study broadened its focus to encompass the intricate correlation between the width and height of the articular eminence in relation to different arch shapes. The study discovered limited and irregular connections between the maxillary and mandibular arches, which have an oval, tapering, and square shape. The study aimed to detect distinctive patterns in the anatomy of the articular eminence in individuals with class I, II, or III occlusion. The findings indicated that there were negligible differences in the height or angles of AE (alveolar bone crest) among different dental arch types and classes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of tooth morphology is fundamental for the taxonomic and evolutionary comprehension of mammals. However, dental abnormalities can lead to misidentifications and species invalidations. We present two distinctive dental anomalies observed in Myotis riparius: (i) hypodontia, characterized by the absence of the second upper premolar (P3) on both sides of the dental arch in an adult male from Panama, and (ii) polyodontia, characterized by the presence of three upper incisors on one side of the dental arch in an adult male from Brazil. We discuss the genetic and ecological bases of these anomalies and the importance of these case reports for understanding the evolutionary developmental biology of bats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and aim. This study aims to explore the most widely used methods for managing patients who are completely edentulous to determine the intermaxillary relations, also known as the centric relation and vertical dimension of occlusion. Material and methods. The information sources have been identified through searches of medical databases. A 20- year search frame, from 2001 to 2021 was performed. The terms "occlusal vertical dimension", "totally edentulous", "complete denture", and "centric relation" were searched. The selected articles were acquired in full text, and two different authors resolved differences through conversation before evaluating them for inclusion. Results. Following the application of the search strategy, 514 articles were identified. 172 papers were screened after duplicate records were removed. Selecting the studies to be considered for inclusion in the first stage required considering their titles, abstracts, and studies' significance to the study purpose. After obtaining the complete texts of the remaining twenty-seven papers, their relevance was evaluated. Conclusion. The relationship between the maxillary and mandibular arches is still established by the centric relation in occlusal examination and prosthetic treatment. Many methods with low variability and high intra-technical repeatability are available for recording centric relation. There is no one standard technique for recording the vertical dimension of occlusion; instead, the clinician must choose the most comfortable approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Growing numbers of people are using implant-supported fixed prothesis for mandibular resorbed arch, which has created a need for primary care physicians to be more knowledgeable about popular prosthetic attachments and provide access to a wide range of treatment alternatives to assist patient care. The purpose of this study was to report a case of full-mouth rehabilitation on four end osseous implants loaded by the established protocol. In a hypertensive and diabetic patient, the decision was made to place four implants in the mandibular arch and a removable complete denture in the maxillary arch. A good implant-supported fixed prosthesis depends on precise impressions and meticulous attention to detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sturgeons belong to the family Acipenseridae, the most species‐rich extant family of Acipenseriformes, a basal actinopterygian group of key importance in assessing the early radiations of the actinopterygians. At the same time, acipenseriforms display unique specializations in the morphology of the snout and jaws which make them a valuable model for studying evolutionary novelties. However, despite a long history of research, the homologies of the snout and the mandibular arch of acipenseriforms remain uncertain preventing further studies on the evolutionary origin of their unique snout and jaw structure, and in particular, of the upper jaw symphysis, the key apomorphy of the group and the preoral snout. In the present study, a detailed description of the upper jaw morphology and development in sturgeons is provided in order to address its composition in terms of the common actinopterygian archetype. Based on the obtained results, the upper jaw of acipenseriforms is assumed to have lost the autopalatine portion, which most likely is represented by the separate cartilages supporting the tentacles. Also, the conventional interpretation of the sturgeon's maxilla as dermopalatine is rejected on the grounds of this bone structure and development. Paedomorphosis is proposed to be the most likely mechanism explaining the evolutionary origin of the upper jaw symphysis and supposed modifications of the snout in sturgeons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This technical procedure report explains the fabrication protocol for a newly developed 4D-printed sports mouthguard (MG) based on 4D-printing technology. Methods: An intraoral scanner was used to scan a maxillary arch model. A two-layer sports MG was designed based on the scanned model using computer-aided design software and output in a standard tessellation language file format. Two types of filament materials were used for the MG material: a thermoplastic shape memory polyurethane elastomer with a unique glass transition temperature for the external layer and a thermoplastic elastomer for the internal layer. Both MGs were printed using a fused deposition modeling 3D printer and assembled using adhesives after trimming the support material. To confirm the shape-memory performance of the fabricated 4D-printed MG, a deviation analysis was performed by superimposing the internal surface data of the fabricated MG and the MG whose shape was recovered. The distance between the data obtained by deviation analysis was calculated, and the root mean square error value (mm) was determined. Conclusions: The 4D-printing technology simplifies the complex processes required with conventional methods. It also overcomes the issues of conventional and 3D-printed MGs, such as the reduced fitting accuracy caused by deformation, because this technology employs shape memory materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Segmental resection of the mandible leads to a violation of its continuity and, as a consequence, to pronounced cosmetic: changes in the contours of the lower zone of the face and functional problems: speech disorders, chewing, swallowing, which significantly reduces the quality.1,2 The loss of a small fragment of the lower jaw leads to a violation of the integrity of the dental arch, therefore, an untenable bite and aesthetic disorders of various levels.3,4,5 Reconstructive treatment of patients undergoing resection of the mandible of the alveolar part of the mandible is an urgent problem for dentists. 6,7 Evaluation of the effectiveness of the use of customized titanium frame membranes during guided bone regeneration (GBR) in the area of previously performed marginal resection of the anterior part of the lower jaw. After GBR the height of the alveolar ridge in the area of greatest atrophy was restored by 7.39 mm, the width in the area of the alveolar ridge at the top was 11.5 mm. The reconstruction of the alveolar part of the mandible after marginal resection of the mandible, including primary soft tissue plastic surgery with the formation of keratinized gums and subsequent GBR using an individualized titanium skeleton membrane, demonstrated high efficiency, expressed in the formation of a sufficient volume of bone regenerate for the installation of dental implants, as well as successful and time-stable osseointegration of placed implants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Removable and fixed orthodontic appliances with various active elements are used to eliminate dentognathic anomalies and deformations in children with congenital cleft lip and palate. The subject of the analysis was the design features of orthodontic devices used in the treatment of dentognathic anomalies and deformations in 137 children aged 4.5 to 14.5 years with congenital unilateral cleft lip and palate in the mixed dentition period. The choice of an orthodontic constructions depends on the period of development of a dentognathic apparatus, age of patients, cleft type, stages, timing and scope of surgical interventions, quality and methods of surgery, severity of deformation in the transverse and sagittal planes and components of the anomalies and deformations symptom complex, which complicate the pathology, psycho-emotional state of a child, factors of communication between the parents and the patient with the doctor, socio-economic components. In the presence of deformations in the sagittal and transverse planes, it is advisable to gradually use orthodontic devices to achieve optimal sagittal and transverse overlap, after which, due to intercuspidation, the upper dental arch is held by the lower one. In the absence of adequate orthodontic follow-up in children with congenital cleft lip and palate, they develop persistent forms of dentognathic deformations. It is possible to achieve the best treatment results during the period of peak growth of the upper jaw and naso-orbital complex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An acquired palatal defect in dogs is a pathologic condition in which there is communication between the oral cavity and nasal cavities, maxillary recesses, or orbits. Many different causes exist and must be considered. Two dogs were presented for severe palatal defects secondary to a foreign body trapped between maxillary dental arches. Numerous techniques have been previously described to repair palatal defects, and the most appropriate choice is based on the clinical features of the defect and information obtained from advanced diagnostic imaging. Acquired palatal defects are not predictable in shape, size, and location; therefore, although the literature contains many different surgical techniques, these are not always reliable. The aim of this article is to describe an innovative surgical approach to repair severe acquired caudal palatal defects in two different dogs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article informs about a study comparing pre- and post-treatment volumetric changes in the oral cavity proper (OCP) in orthodontic patients with and without second premolar extractions, analyzing influencing variables. Topics include the use of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) for three-dimensional assessment, statistical analyses revealing increased OCP volume in both extraction and nonextraction groups, and factors such as gender, age, and arch length changes affecting OCP volume.

The article informs about a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing the effects of four first premolar extraction and nonextraction orthodontic treatments on intra-arch width, profile, treatment duration, occlusal outcomes, smile aesthetics, and stability. Topics include the debate between extraction and nonextraction treatments, historical perspectives, and a comprehensive analysis of outcomes, emphasizing the need for further high-quality research in the field.

This article discusses the optimization of treatment outcomes in transfer patients with severe roller-coaster effects in orthodontic treatment. The roller-coaster effect refers to unwanted side effects such as loss of torque and tip, incisor extrusion, and deepening of the bite. The article emphasizes the importance of timely monitoring and clear objectives in addressing these effects. A case report is presented to illustrate the implementation of biomechanical strategies to reverse the roller-coaster effects and achieve treatment objectives. The article highlights the need for honest and transparent communication between orthodontists and patients during transfers and emphasizes the importance of customized biomechanical strategies to correct unexpected tooth movements. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses the issue of indiscriminate alignment in orthodontic treatment for severe mandibular crowding. It explores the potential causes of this problem, such as dentoskeletal discrepancies and improper use of orthodontic devices. The article presents a case study of a 24-year-old female patient with dental crowding and asymmetrical arches, discussing the treatment plan and outcomes. It emphasizes the importance of preventing and managing indiscriminate alignment to avoid permanent damage. Additionally, the article addresses the controversy surrounding the relationship between orthodontic tooth movement and gingival recession, highlighting the importance of proper management and control of lower incisor positions in treatment planning. Strategies such as extraction spaces and sequential bonding protocols are suggested to prevent and address these issues. The article concludes that with immediate and precise intervention, stable results can be achieved over time. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Revista Española de Cirugía Oral y Maxilofacial is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Cirugia Oral y Maxilofacial (SECOM) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

As science and technology continue to advance, the utilization of intraoral scanners (IOSs) has become increasingly popular in the orthodontic workflow. The aim of this study was to discuss whether the degree of crowded arches affects scan accuracy. Three different crowding levels of dental models (model MI: mild, model MO: moderate, and model SE: severe) were scanned using both an IOS and desktop scanner. Stereolithographic files were obtained and superimposed via CAD software to calculate differences between each measuring point of a model and the farthest corresponding point. The deviations from three models were compared with statistical analysis. The trueness of different crowding arches showed that the deviation value of model SE was the maximum, followed by model MI, and model MO in the maxillary arch. In the mandibular arch, the order of the deviation from greatest to least was firstly model SE, then model MO, and model MI. Significant differences were observed among the maxillary models (P < 0.001), but there was no significant difference between models in the mandible (P = 0.669). The trueness of the three crowded arches is in the clinically acceptable range. The degree of crowding increases, the trueness of scanning at each position decreases. In the maxillary arch, more severe crowding corresponds to higher deviations. In the mandible, the degree of crowding is not explicitly related to the maximum deviation; therefore, the clinician should notice the deviation when using IOSs for crowding cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics/Fortschritte der Kieferorthopadie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics/Fortschritte der Kieferorthopadie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This pilot study aimed to compare the fit accuracy of cobalt–chromium (Co-Cr) and polyether ether ketone (PEEK) removable partial denture frameworks, produced by digital technologies. Two study models of previously prepared Kennedy's Class I and Class III mandibular dental arches were scanned. For each model, two frameworks were digitally designed and manufactured using a Co-Cr alloy via the selective laser melting (SLM) technique, and using PEEK via the milling technique. A qualitative assessment of the framework's fit accuracy to the corresponding study models was carried out using calibrated endodontic instruments and image amplification. Best-fit superimpositions between the reference design and the scanned frameworks were performed using the Geomagic Control X version 2018, 3D Systems software, allowing the expression of trueness by calculating the root mean square (RMS) value. Higher fit accuracy was observed for the milled frameworks, with the Class I PEEK framework showing the best fit accuracy to the corresponding model. RMS values were Class I—148.3 μm for Co-Cr and 69.2 μm for PEEK; Class III—107.2 μm for Co-Cr and 59.7 μm for PEEK. In the experimental conditions used, the milled PEEK frameworks showed better fit accuracy and higher trueness than the SLM-printed Co-Cr ones in both Kennedy classes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aimed to propose digitally designed impression trays, for newborns with cleft lip and palate (CLP) defects, using the computer-assisted design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technique, based on measurements of width, length, and height made on processed and scanned plaster models. Thus, we will describe the different software and concepts that can be used for the design of these impression trays. Design: A total of 59 plaster casts of newborn patients with CLP were collected and then scanned. After that, digital dental casts were three-dimensional (3D) evaluated, using precise anatomical landmarks. Setting: The Maxillofacial Prosthodontics Team at the Dental consultation and treatment center in Rabat, Morocco. Patients and Participants: The study involved plaster casts of newborns with CLP, who had undergone presurgical neonatal treatment in the Maxillofacial Prosthodontics service in Rabat, Morocco. Interventions: None, Main Outcome Measure(s): 3D evaluation of 59 scanned plaster casts of newborn patients with CLP. Results: This work allowed us to obtain digital impression trays for each anatomical variation of orofacial clefts. These trays will limit the problems linked to conventional techniques for making neonatal orthopedic plates. We also emphasized the importance of a multidisciplinary approach involving several professionals in Morocco from various fields and specialties. Conclusion: This original technique is advantageous for the practitioner as well as for the patients and their parents. It allows for precise recording, better adaptation, time-saving, and parental comfort. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Our aim is to determine the applicability of other analyses and develop a new formula appropriate for the Vietnamese population. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive analysis was conducted on a total of 120 dental arch samples (18–25 years old, 60 males, and 60 females) with <5 mm of tooth crowding, complete teeth on the dental arch, no missing teeth, and no fillings on the mesial or distal sides. Each study sample will be imprinted and measured using conventional as well as digital methods. Result: There was a significant discrepancy between the overall mesiodistal width from canine to second premolar in the maxilla and mandibular measured with electronic calipers on the cast model and the values calculated by the Moyer, Tanaka - Johnston, Gross - Hasund formulae in the mandibular, and measured by digital scanning and results calculated by the Gross-Hasund formula for maxilla and mandibular and the Moyers, Tanaka-Johnston formula for mandibular. The values obtained were compared with those calculated using the Moyers, Tanaka–Johnston, and Gross–Hasund formulae for the mandibular. Additionally, measurements were taken by digital scanning, and the results were calculated using the Gross–Hasund formula for both the maxilla and mandibular, and the Moyers and Tanaka–Johnston formulae for the mandibular. When used to estimate space analysis in the Vietnamese population, the estimation formula for each gender had greater accuracy and reliability than other widely used methods. Conclusions: As the central incisor and first molar are the first permanent teeth to erupt, the mesiodistal width may be readily measured. This new formula may be used to predict the width in the early stages of the mixed dentition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the relationship between genetic variations and dental variations in individuals with and without tooth agenesis. Specifically, the study focuses on the correlation between morphological variations of the upper first permanent molars and genetic variants of the MSX1 gene. The results indicate that individuals without the gene mutation are more likely to have larger Carabelli cusps. Additionally, the study found that Carabelli cusps are more common in men and that men tend to have larger cusps compared to women. This research provides valuable insights into the genetic factors that contribute to dental variations. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses a clinical study conducted by the Romanian Journal of Oral Rehabilitation that evaluated the effects of activated charcoal toothpaste on tooth enamel appearance. The study involved 81 patients who used the toothpaste twice a day for four weeks. The results showed significant differences in shade changes for certain teeth in the upper and lower arch. The study also found that a small percentage of patients used whitening toothpaste daily and sought dentist advice on toothpaste selection. The article concludes that activated charcoal toothpaste can be considered as an alternative for preserving and improving dental enamel appearance. Another study conducted by the same journal assessed patients' knowledge and preferences regarding oral hygiene products. The results showed that most participants only sometimes use whitening toothpaste and their dentists rarely recommend it. Patients preferred fluoride-containing toothpaste and had a mean brushing time of 2.35 minutes. The study also found that charcoal-based toothpaste had a significant effect on tooth shade, particularly in the upper teeth. However, the study did not evaluate the abrasiveness of charcoal toothpaste. Overall, the study suggests that charcoal toothpaste may be an alternative for preserving enamel shade and reducing the need for riskier whitening products. Future studies are needed to investigate the effects of charcoal toothpaste on the enamel surface, including changes in appearance and durability after discontinuation of use. The present clinical study found that charcoal toothpaste had a noticeable effect on the appearance of enamel, particularly in the upper arch and certain teeth in the lower arch. The improvement in tooth [Extracted from the article]

Aims: The study aims to identify sexual dimorphic features in the arch patterns based on tooth arrangement patterns and the maxillary and mandibular arches using Euclidean Distance Matrix Analysis (EDMA). Settings and Design: A total of 96 Nepalese subjects, aged 18 to 25 were assessed using casts and photographs. Materials and Methods: Thirteen landmarks representing the most facial portions of the proximal contact areas on the maxillary and mandibular casts were digitised. Seventy-eight possible, Euclidean distances between the 13 landmarks were calculated using the Analysis ToolPak of Microsoft Excel®. The male-to-female ratios of the corresponding distances were computed and ratios were compared to evaluate the arch form for variation in the genders, among the Nepalese population. Statistical Analysis Used: Microsoft Excel Analysis ToolPak and SPSS 20.0 (IBM Chicago) were used to perform EDMA and an independent t-test to compare the significant differences between the two genders. Results: The maxillary arch's largest ratio (1.008179001) was discovered near the location of the right and left lateral incisors, indicating that the anterior region may have experienced the greatest change. The posterior-molar region is where the smallest ratio was discovered, suggesting less variation. At the intercanine region, female arches were wider than male ones; however, at the interpremolar and intermolar sections, they were similar in width. Females' maxillary arches were discovered to be bigger antero-posteriorly than those of males. The highest ratio (1.014336113) in the mandibular arch was discovered at the intermolar area, suggesting that males had a larger mandibular posterior arch morphology. At the intercanine area, the breadth of the arch form was greater in males and nearly the same in females at the interpremolar and intermolar regions. Female mandibular arch forms were also discovered to be longer than those of males from the anterior to the posterior. Conclusions: The male and female arches in the Nepalese population were inferred to be different in size and shape. With references to the landmarks demonstrating such a shift, the EDMA established objectively the presence of square arch forms in Nepali males and tapering arch forms in Nepalese females. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The primary objective of this research was to assess and compare the impact of customized zirconia (Zr) and titanium (Ti) abutments, placed on early loaded dental implants, on both hard tissue (as measured crestal bone level) and soft tissue (as assessed by sulcular bleeding index [SBI], probing depth [PD], and Pink Esthetic Score [PES]), through clinical and radiographic evaluation. Settings and Design: This research involved a sample of 15 patients who had partially dentulous mandibular arch. Within this group, a total of 30 implants were surgically placed. Specifically, each patient received two implants in the posterior region of the mandible, and the bone density in this area was classified as D2 type. In each patient, one implant was loaded with Zr abutment and the other was loaded with Ti abutment. The bone quality in the area of implant placement was Type D2. Two groups were created for this research. Each group consisted of 15 early loaded dental implants with customized Zr abutments and customized Ti abutments respectively. Materials and Methods: Hard- and soft-tissue changes were evaluated in both the groups. Evaluation of crestal bone loss (CBL) with cone beam computed tomography and SBI, PD and PESs were evaluated by various indices at 2, 4, and 6 months postloading. Statistical Analysis Used: After obtaining the readings, data were subjected to statistical analysis and comparison of quantitative data was done, paired t-test was used. Results: The mean CBL in the Ti abutment is higher; the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant. SBI and PD for Zr were higher, but there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. Zr had a higher PES than Ti abutment and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant. In the literature till date, the PES of Zr abutments were proven better for provisional restorations in implant prosthesis, but very few literatures support the same for the final implant restorations. Conclusion: The study did not reveal a clear advantage of either Ti or Zr abutments over the other. Nevertheless, Zr abutments tended to produce a more favorable color response in the peri-implant mucosa and led to superior esthetic outcomes as measured by the PES. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To assess, clinically, patient satisfaction of additively manufactured complete dentures with intraoral scanning and hybrid cast digitization in comparison with conventional complete dentures. Materials and Methods: Participants who were edentulous in both arches were recruited and received three types of complete dentures (CDs): conventionally manufactured with conventional impression (CC), additively manufactured with intraoral scanning (AMI), and additively manufactured with cast digitization (AMH). Definitive impressions of the edentulous arches were made with medium viscosity polyvinyl siloxane (Hydrorise Monophase; Zhermack, Italy) for the CC group, intraoral scanning (TRIOS 4; 3Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark) for the AMI group, and laboratory scanning of the definitive casts (Ceramill Map400 AMANNGIRRBACH, Pforzheim, Deutschland) for the AMH group. The trial dentures of the CC group were scanned for occlusion registrations of the AMI and AMH groups and were used to guide the designing process (Exocad 3.0 Galway; Exocad GmbH). The AMI and AMH dentures were additively manufactured with a vat‐polymerization 3D printer (Sonic XL 4K; phrozen, Taiwan). Patient satisfaction and clinical outcome were assessed with OHIP EDENT, and 14‐factor criteria, respectively. Statistical analyses were performed with paired sample t‐test and one‐way repeated measure ANOVA for satisfaction, Wilcoxon signed rank test for clinical outcome, and Pearson's r (r) for effect size, with α = 0.05. Results: A total of 20 participants were included. Satisfaction had no statistically significant difference within or among the groups (p < 0.105). Within‐group comparison between the two arches showed no statistical significance for the clinical outcome except for a significantly higher maxillary AMI score (p = 0.01, r = −0.40 with medium effect size). For among group's comparison; AMI had a significantly lower score than CC for the maxillary and mandibular arches (p = 0.01, r = −0.40, medium effect size, and p = 0.003, r = −0.47, medium effect size), and significantly lower score than the mandibular AMH (p = 0.03, r = −0.47, medium effect size), with significantly lower quality in teeth arrangement and retention domains for the AMI, and teeth arrangement for the AMH, in comparison with CC. Conclusions: Patient satisfaction with both types of additively manufactured dentures is comparable to conventional dentures. The comparable overall clinical outcomes between hybrid and conventional dentures indicate that additive manufacturing is an acceptable clinical substitute for the conventional methods. However, additively manufactured dentures made with intraoral scanning have lower clinical quality and retention than hybrid and conventional dentures, particularly for the mandibular arch. Teeth arrangement of both additively manufactured dentures is clinically inferior to the conventional denture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With their popularity and documented success, dental implants have become a common treatment modality that has allowed for the restoration of otherwise non restorable or missing teeth. While dental implants are largely considered to be a modern marvel, time taken for the prosthetic rehabilitation during conventional placement often instils a sense of apprehension. Current trends and concepts like virtual prosthetic and implant planning aims to overcome the uncertainty during prosthetic rehabilitation. The case presented examines one such situation in which the patient with chronic Stage III, Grade III1 periodontal disease underwent serial extraction of all teeth in the maxillary arch followed by immediate loading of dental implants. An All-On-6 definitive prosthesis was loaded on multi-unit abutments. A screw-retained prosthesis was delivered within 72 hours postsurgery. Active thread design of Adin Touareg implants helped achieve good primary stability even in bone with compromised quality. The immediate loading protocol allowed the patient an instant restoration of aesthetics, function, and confidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Lichen sclerosus is a rare condition that occurs in the genital area or on the extraoral skin but can also manifest orally (oral lichen sclerosus (OLS)). The condition is associated with atrophy, scarring, and functional limitations of the tissues. In the present case, an extremely pronounced variant is described, and the oral rehabilitation of the patient is presented. Case Report. The edentulous patient showed a progressive course with severely restricted mouth opening and persistent pain. Conventional dental treatment was therefore impossible. To address this issue, two implants were placed in each jaw at the position of the lateral incisors. After osseointegration and exposure of the implants, provisional bridges made of polymethyl-methacrylate were fitted to test the new jaw relation. After a successful provisional phase, an FDP in the sense of an extreme short dental arch (ESDA) has been inserted. Conclusion. The experimental treatment of the patient with only a total of four implants and the ESDA concept represented a satisfactory therapy for the patient. The patient regained her chewing ability, which significantly increased her oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). Still, it should be noted that this is a high-risk and experimental prosthetic treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Intraoperative navigation allows for the creation of a real-time relationship between the anatomy imagined during diagnosis/planning and the site of surgical interest. This procedure takes place by identifying and registering trustworthy anatomical markers on planning images and using a point locator during the operation. The locator is calibrated in the workspace by placing a Dynamic Reference Frame (DRF) sensor. Objective: This study aims to calculate the localization accuracy of an electromagnetic locator of neuro-maxillofacial surgery, moving the standard sensor position to a different position more suitable for maxillofacial surgery. Materials and Methods: The upper dental arch was chosen as an alternative fixed point for the positioning of the sensor. The prototype of a bite support device was designed and generated via 3D printing. CT images of a skull phantom with 10 anatomical landmarks were acquired. The testing procedure consisted of 10 measurements for each position of the sensor: precisely 10 measurements with the sensor placed on the forehead and 10 measurements with the sensor placed on the bite support device. It also evaluated the localization error by comparing the two procedures. Results: The localization error, when the sensor was placed on the bite support device, was lower in the sphere located on the temporal bone. It was the same in the spheres located on the maxillary bone. The test analysis of the data of the new device showed that it is reliable; the tests are reproducible and can be considered as accurate as the traditional ones. In addition, the sensor mounted on this device has proven to be slightly superior in terms of accuracy and accuracy in areas such as the middle third of the face and jaw. Discussion and Conclusion: The realization of the bite support device allowed the sensor to change position concerning its natural site. This procedure allows us to explore structures, such as the frontal site, which were initially difficult to approach with neuronavigation and improves the approach to midface structures, already studied with neuronavigation. The new calibration, with the position of the sensor on the support device in the same reference points sphere, highlighted the reduction in the location error. We can say that the support proposed in this study lays the foundations for a new navigation approach for patients in maxillofacial surgery, by changing the position of the sensor. It has strong points in improving the localization error for some reference points without determining disadvantages both in the calibration and in the surgical impediment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose. The width and thickness of the attached gingiva are important clinical parameters. Considerable variations exist in the same as well as in different individuals. This study aimed to assess the width and thickness of the attached gingiva and its relationship with age, gender, and arch location in the Nepalese population. Methods. An observational cross-sectional study was conducted among 120 individuals visiting the periodontics department, who were categorized into three age groups with an equal distribution of gender in each group. The width of attached gingiva (WAG) was determined using the University of North Carolina-15 probe after locating the mucogingival junction. Data were gathered and entered in Excel sheet version 19, and SPSS version 20 was used for further analysis. The mean and standard deviations were calculated. The independent t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to find out the significant difference between variables. The correlation between dependent and independent variables was discovered with the help of the Pearson correlation test. The significance level was set at 5% with a 95% confidence level. Results. 120 individuals with 1440 teeth were examined to measure the WAG with an equal distribution of gender. The maximum WAG was found on the maxillary right lateral incisor and minimum width on the mandibular left first premolar. The average WAG was greater in the upper arch (3.19 mm) than in the lower arch (2.71 mm). The maximum thickness (1.728 mm) of the attached gingiva was found on the mandibular left first molars and minimum width (0.667 mm) on the mandibular left first premolars. Conclusions. As individuals age, there is a reduction in gingival thickness, accompanied by an increase in the WAG across both dental arches. In terms of gender differences, females exhibit a higher thickness of attached gingiva (TAH) than their male counterparts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To retrospectively compare and analyze differences in tissue displacement of edentulous arches among three‐dimensional (3D) files obtained using various impression‐making techniques. Materials and Methods: Fourteen patients who underwent prosthodontic treatment for edentulous arches at Yonsei University Dental Hospital between June 2020 and April 2023 were included in the study. Three types of 3D files were used for the evaluation of each arch: a 3D scan file of a definitive cast (Group DEF), a preliminary cast (Group PRE), and an intraoral scan file (Group IOS). The files were superimposed on a reference 3D scan file of the definitive cast group through best‐fit matching using metrology software. Seventeen measurement points (MP1‐4, RC1‐6, TB1‐2, and PPS1‐5 for the maxilla and RP1‐2, RC1‐7, BS1‐4, and LS1‐4 for the mandible) were selected for both the maxillary (n = 13) and mandibular arches (n = 6). The deviation considering the direction (DD) between the three groups and the absolute deviation (AD) between the three groups were recorded. Kruskal–Wallis and post‐hoc Mann–Whitney tests were used for statistical analyses (α = 0.05 and α = 0.0167, respectively). Results: Concerning the DD values, at the RC4 point of the maxillary arch, Group PRE exhibited significantly higher values than Groups IOS (p = 0.006) and DEF (p < 0.001), and at the RC5 point of the maxillary arch, Group IOS exhibited significantly lower values than Groups PRE (p = 0.016) and DEF (p < 0.001). Group IOS showed significantly lower DD values in the mandibular arch than Group DEF at the RP2 and RC3 points (p < 0.167). The AD values in Groups PRE and IOS significantly differed from those in Group DEF (all p < 0.001) at all measurement points but did not exhibit significant differences between each other (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Different impression‐making methods yielded different amounts of tissue displacement. The tendency of 3D files regarding tissue displacement varied at certain residual ridge crest areas and retromolar pad areas. The absolute amount of tissue displacement observed in the intraoral scan data was comparable to that observed in the preliminary casts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To report the means to maximize the predictability and accuracy of intraoral digital implant scans through the evaluation of operator and patient‐related factors. Materials and Methods: A search of published articles related to factors that can decrease the scanning accuracy of intraoral digital implant scans was completed in four data sources:MEDLINE, EMBASE, EBSCO, and Web of Science. All studies related to variables that can influence the accuracy of intraoral digital implant scans obtained by using intraoral scanners (IOSs) were considered. These variables included ambient lighting, scanning pattern, implant scan body (ISB) design, techniques for splinting ISBs, arch location, implant position, and inter‐implant distance. Results: Among operator‐related factors, ambient lighting conditions, scanning pattern, and ISB design (material, geometry, and retention design) can impact the accuracy of intraoral digital implant scans. The optimal ISB for maximizing IOS accuracy is unclear; however, polymer ISB can wear with multiple reuse and sterilization methods. Among patient‐related factors, additional variables should be considered, namely arch (maxillary vs. mandibular arch), implant position in the arch, inter‐implant distance, implant depth, and angulation. Conclusions: Ambient lighting conditions should be established based on the IOS selected to optimize the accuracy of intraoral digital implant scans. The optimal scanning pattern may vary based on the IOS, clinical situation, and the number of implants. The optimal ISB design may vary depending on the IOS used. Metallic implant scan bodies are preferred over polymer ISB designs to minimize wear due to multiple use and sterilization distortion. Among patient‐related factors, additional variables should be considered namely the arch scanned, implant position in the arch, inter‐implant distance, implant depth, and angulation. The impact of these factors may vary depending on the IOS selected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The term "temporomandibular disorders" (TMDs) refers to a group of painful conditions that affect both the hard and soft orofacial anatomical structures. The primary objectives of TMD treatment are to lessen pain and enhance mandibular movements, re-establishing proper functioning. One of the widely used treatment options for TMDs pathology is the occlusal splint. This non-invasive intraoral device, determines both the muscle relaxation and reversibly repositions the temporomandibular joint structures. The study aimed to compare the efficacy of different occlusal splint designs or materials in managing TMD symptoms. Methods: Twenty-six patients, nineteen of whom were female and seven of whom were male, ranging in age from twenty to seventy, met the criteria needed participate in this study. Two different questionnaires were formulated: a patient-focused and a clinician-focused questionnaire. The patient's data encompassed general health status and TMD signs and symptoms, whereas the clinician's questions addressed assessment and treatment alternatives, including the particularities of occlusal splint therapy. Results: The majority of the patients were diagnosed with disc displacement with reduction (61.5%), followed by myalgia (26.9%). The only form of treatment preferred by physicians was the Michigan occlusal splint, which was mainly used on the maxillary dental arch (84,6%). After the splint therapy was completed and the intended results were obtained, the treatment plan was finished using selective grinding, prosthetic dental restorations, orthodontic therapy, or a combination of these procedures. The patient was required to continue physical therapy (7,7%), wear a full-arch night guard (42.3%), and undergo rigorous periodic control sessions (34.6%) to maintain the final aesthetic and functional results. Conclusions: Occlusal splints are an efficient and reliable initial therapy preference for patients with temporomandibular disorders. In addition to improving symptoms in the temporomandibular joint, occlusal splints may determine mandibular repositioning, which also implies a variety of treatment approaches, ranging from the minimally invasive to the most complex, to achieve a functional occlusal status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study evaluated the accuracy of different intraoral scanners (IOS) for scanning of implant‐supported full arch fixed prosthesis with different implant angulations with and without scanbodies splinting. Materials and Methods: Two maxillary models were designed and fabricated to receive an all‐on‐four implant retained. The models were divided into two groups according to the angulation of the posterior implant (Group 1; 30 and Group 2; 45). Each group was then divided into three subgroups according to the type of IOS used: Subgroup C; Primescan, subgroup T; Trios4, and subgroup M; Medit i600. Then each subgroup was divided into two divisions according to scanning technique; division S: splinted and division N: nonsplinted. Ten scans were made by each scanner for every division. Trueness and precision were analyzed using Geomagic controlX analysis software. Results: Angulation had no significant effect on both the trueness (p = 0.854) and precision (p = 0.347). Splinting had a significant effect on trueness and precision (p < 0.001). Scanner type had a significant effect on trueness (p < 0.001) and precision (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference between trueness of Trios 4 (112.15 ± 12.85) and Primescan (106.75 ± 22.58). However, there was a significant difference when compared to trueness of Medit i600 (158.50 ± 27.65). For the precision results Cerec Primescan showed the highest precision (95.45 ± 33.21). There was a significant difference between the three scanners, precision of Trios4 (109.72 ± 19.24) and Medit i600 (121.21 ± 17.26). Conclusion: Cerec Primescan has higher trueness and precision than Trios 4 and Medit i600 in full arch implants scanning. Splinting the scanbodies improve the accuracy of full arch implants scanning. Clinical Significance: Cerec Primescan and 3Shape Trios 4 can be used for scanning of All‐on‐four implant supported prosthesis when scanbodies are splinted using a modular chain device. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lip and oral cavity SCC account for 2nd highest incidence of cancers and 3rd most common cause of mortality from cancer in India. Reconstruction of defects of central arch invading cancers results in poor cosmetic and functional outcomes if free flaps are not used. 30 patients with Oral SCC in the age group 20–75 years requiring central arch segmental mandibulectomy were included. Reconstruction was done with pedicled bipaddled PMMC flap with 'AJ's orbicularis oris stitch' using Fiber wire. Patients were divided into 4 groups according to extent of lip and skin loss post excision of primary tumour. Patients were evaluated with subjective scores for drooling, oral competence and cosmesis. There were 4, 12, 9 and 5 patients in Group A, B, C and D respectively. Mean subjective scores using our technique for drooling, oral competence and cosmesis were 3.75/4,3.75/4 and 3.5/4 for group A, 3.45/4, 3.36/4 and 3.09/4 for group B, 2.8/4, 2.6/4 and 2.3/4 for group C defects and 2.5/4, 3/4 and 2.5/4 for group D defects respectively. Over all scores for all patients were 3.2/4, 3.14/4 and 2.84/4 for drooling, oral competence and cosmesis. This simple, quick and inexpensive technique of reconstruction of central mandibular arch defects can drastically improve cosmetic and functional outcomes in a resource restrained set up. However, long term results and comparison studies are required for standardisation of the technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Full arch reconstruction with dental implants is considered as a reference for dental rehabilitation. However, there are some limitations with patient affected by severe maxilla, mandible atrophy and dento-skeletal-disharmony. These defaults can be corrected with orthognathic surgery and several bone grafts. Observations: A partially edentulous 65-year-old female patient with a skeletal class II by mandibular retrognathia was treated with mandibular advancement osteotomy and simultaneous insertion of four fully guided implants with immediate screwed zirconia prostheses loading in just one session. Conclusion: Simultaneous bilateral sagittal split osteotomy with a full arch rehabilitation by implant with immediate loading by zirconia prosthesis seems to be a reliable and predictable approach to treat skeletal class II patient with a fixed solution. Virtual planning was compulsory to be able to perform this surgery with accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]