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The concept of information intelligence encompasses various aspects such as information and communication skills, information literacy, information behavior, individual and collective creativity, intelligence, and cognitive-perceptual issues. Measuring information intelligence is very important in information societies. Addressing the effective indicators in this issue is one of the determining issues in the use of information and data in information societies. The present study aimed to identify indicators and measures effective in measuring information intelligence. The research is applied and uses a qualitative method including library studies, content analysis, and analysis of expert opinions. Data collection tools included the study of scientific literature related to the subject, content-coding, and interviews with experts familiar with the subject of information intelligence (8 experts in knowledge and information science and 7 experts in psychology). The research population included related published literature related to scientific theories, information science experts, and psychology experts. In the subject of intelligence, Gardner's multiple intelligence theory has been used, and in the subject of information-seeking behavior various scientific theories have been used. Based on the research findings, 14 indicators and 97 measures were identified as effective for measuring information intelligence in two dimensions management and information retrieval. Finally, a proposed framework is presented for measuring information intelligence. From the findings, it was concluded that in the information society, policymakers and managers of the organization or responsible organizations in relation to increasing the level of information intelligence of the society should consider the specific strategies of the information intelligence of the society in formulating their general strategies. One of these strategic goals can be increasing the level of information intelligence of individuals, organizations, and society. To do this, effective indicators must be identified for measuring and strategies to increase the level of information intelligence of the target community. It is suggested that this matter is placed in the priorities of the information society and the native measurement tool of information intelligence can be prepared based on the findings of this research

The article substantiates that the cultural-historical type of society determines the specific process of socialization. In the information society, socialization features associated with the crisis of traditional institutions of socialization and inclusion of the individual in social relations are complemented by the use of modern information and communication technologies, creating trends of conversion to a creative model of socialization and to increasing of opportunities for manipulation of people’s minds. It is stated that values of the information society necessitate the development of personality traits and qualities such as professionalism, spirituality, social responsibility, and creative ability to build and implement their own life project based on culture and general social norms.

The functioning of the media in the information society accompanies the activity of the components of information perception. Any media text as an information product contains certain content characteristics, is placed in an appropriate genre-forming environment, and has individual characteristics of influence, formation, and information support. Convergence processes fundamentally transformed the social importance of the factual and documentary component of the content, expanded the content and typological structure of information culture carriers, led to the development of new approaches to managing information flows, and gave a powerful impetus to the development and revision of the conceptual base of information activity. Philosophical-anthropological paradigm – in its comprehensive form – involves taking into account both the audience’s universal existential and essential characteristics, as well as its diversity of psychophysiological properties. Based on this, we can conclude that the ways and ways of human existence cannot be unified; each person is an autonomous being, capable of choosing communication, learning about the world, and changing one’s own existence through communication. In this, a person can rely on a fundamental phenomenon: the idea of freedom and tradition. A person can protect his existence and enrich it with the help of objectified epiphenomena of himself – science, literature, religion, art, philosophy – and in the direct life process, through self-knowledge. Most researchers, trying to generalize the essential assets of Ukrainian liberal thought, come to the conclusion that it, asserting itself in the conditions of brutal anti-national oppression, had a deeply humanistic orientation and was based on faith in the historical future of the Ukrainian people. It was thanks to liberal thought that the basic principles of the science of the history of Ukrainian culture were formulated. Ukrainian scientists strongly advocated the need for democratization of social life and criticized the aristocracy of spiritual values and the Marxist theory of class struggle.

Under the modern conditions of severe sanctions pressure the currency transfer is the main weapon of information and trade wars, going beyond the influence of the currency sphere. Worsening geopolitical and economic tensions, total ideological blockade, epidemiological restrictions and global changes have forced the search for new solutions in the payment industry. At the same time the large-scale expansion of the cryptocurrency market and the rapid popularization of alternative finances in all their diversity against the background of the legitimate status and the legislative basis of the appeal required an immediate response of government agencies to modern challenges, necessitating the creation of a new type of payment in the digital economy: it is the digital currency of central banks. However, the digital singularity generated by the scientific and technical revolution is beyond human understanding, symbolizing the emergence of a new reality. The impossibility of predicting it split modern information society into two poles: network and digital communities with a diametrically opposite perception of metamorphosis generated by high technology. In general, there is a rudimentary view of changes in the era of the digital reality formation from the position of money turnover digitalization but not digital transformation. The results of the study are focused on specifying the content of digitalization processes and digital transformation of social reality which made it possible to assess the potential of implemented solutions for modifying money turnover and the payment industry in the context of a new world order. The author emphasized the inevitability and expediency of digital transformation by the formation of a single trusted environment with a built-in mechanism for the turnover of the digital ruble with unique optional financial support (smart contracts, tokenization, NFT, SSI, elimination of information asymmetry, unconditional implementation of proactive mode, money “coloring”, accumulated and non-destructible mutually related information processed by artificial intelligence and neural networks, etc.), which appears as an element of anti-fragility as it is able not only to withstand economic crises, technological failures and other unpredictable events, and also continues to develop constructively under their influence, ensuring payment sovereignty.

In the article, the authors consider the value dimensions of the development of digitalization of law. The purpose of the study is to analyze the theoretical issues related to the set of basic ideas and principles of Russia's information law at the transition stage to a new round of development in the context of further digitalization and the formation of a multipolar world. Research methods include general theoretical (analysis, generalization, modeling) and specific scientific methods of cognition, including the formal-logical method of studying public relationships. Based on the study of the revealed general tendencies of digital transformation of the law in general and the doctrine of information law in particular, the authors conclude that the protection of key law values in the development of machine-readable law as an element of the technocratic type of development of society and the state is a priority. The conducted research shows that «machinization» of the law will require scientific understanding of the relationship between traditional forms of law and the emerging technocratic format. In this regard, it is necessary to develop legal mechanisms to ensure and protect the most important law values, the introduction of digital innovations, including machine-readable law.

The purpose of this study is to identify and study factors of the dynamics of language situations in the information society and to identify speech trends that are characteristic of a number of constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The results of the study are based on a survey of 1,050 Russian speakers living in the Arkhangelsk Region, the Perm Territory and the Udmurt Republic. The survey was carried out in two forms: an online interview using audio calls and an Internet survey using Google Forms. The speech features of the colloquial speech of the inhabitants of the analyzed subjects have been studied. A number of integral and differential tendencies have been identified that are characteristic of the speech of a Russian-speaking linguistic personality in Russia as a whole and in its individual regions. The ways of activating the language policy in these subjects are proposed.

The purpose of the study is to assess the level of differentiation of informatization of public administration services in the voivodeships in Poland. Research methodology: The study involved the selection of quantitative variables depicting the level of informatization of public administration in the voivodeships in Poland. The selected variables were analyzed using the TOPSIS linear ordering method. The analysis was based on the data of the Central Statistical Office for the years 2014-2022. The results of the study showed significant disproportions between individual voivodeships, where the voivodeships with the highest level of public administration informatization were the mazowieckie and Pomeranian voivodeships whereas voivodeships with the lowest level of public administration informatization were podkarpackie, opolskie and świętokrzyskie

Background. In this study, based on theoretical generalizations, the practice of constitutional and legal regulation, as well as conducting a comparative study, the issue of legal regulation of the digital transformation of local self-government in the Russian Federation and Asian countries is considered. The authors emphasize the relationship between the process of development of a technological innovation society and the need for a qualitative integration of new technologies into the organization and activities of public authorities, including at the municipal level. Materials and methods. To achieve this goal, the methods of a systematic approach, dialectical interdependence, behaviorism, historical-legal, comparative-legal and logical approaches were used. Results. On the basis of a comparative analysis, the authors identified general and specific areas of digital transformation of local self-government in the states under consideration, proposed a “careful” integration of a separate positive experience of some Asian countries into the Russian legal space. Conclusions. The ongoing transformational processes of local government are not finite, the modern Russian state is just beginning to actively rebuild its principles, approaches and methods aimed at involving local governments in digital transformation. It is logical to assume that the ongoing changes in domestic legal reality are comparable to similar processes in a number of foreign states. Taking into account the heterogeneity of development options for Asian countries, we consider it necessary to conduct a comparative analysis of the im-plementation of the digital transformation policy and the legal regulation of local governments with such countries as China (China), Japan, India, Indonesia, South Korea and Singapore as the most productive for ongoing digital transformation modern Russia. The introduction of artificial intelligence technologies, rapid technological progress and the digital transformation of the economy as a whole bring great benefits for development and local governments. Nevertheless, despite the recognition of the “inevitability” and importance of the digital transformation of public administration and its specific provision at the municipal level, there are still no clear uniform strategies for the development of not only local self-government in the new conditions, but also its adaptation to the information needs of society and the state.

Copyright of Telecommunication Engineering is the property of Telecommunication Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Over the last decade, the Age of Information has emerged as a key concept and metric for applications where the freshness of sensor-provided data is critical. Limited transmission capacity has motivated research on the design of tractable policies for scheduling information updates to minimize Age of Information cost based on Markov decision models, in particular on the restless multi-armed bandit problem (RMABP). This allows the use of Whittle's popular index policy, which is often nearly optimal, provided indexability (index existence) is proven, which has been recently accomplished in some models. We aim to extend the application scope of Whittle's index policy in a broader AoI scheduling model. We address a model with no buffers incorporating random packet arrivals, unreliable channels, and nondecreasing AoI costs. We use sufficient indexability conditions based on partial conservation laws previously introduced by the author to establish the model's indexability and evaluate its Whittle index in closed form under discounted and average cost criteria. We further use the index formulae to draw insights on how scheduling priority depends on model parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the critical use cases for prospective fifth generation (5G) cellular systems is the delivery of the state of the remote systems to the control center. Such services are relevant for both massive machine-type communications (mMTC) and ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC) services that need to be supported by 5G systems. The recently introduced the age of information (AoI) metric representing the timeliness of the reception of the update at the receiver is nowadays commonly utilized to quantify the performance of such services. However, the metric itself is closely related to the queueing theory, which conventionally requires strict assumptions for analytical tractability. This review paper aims to: (i) identify the gaps between technical wireless systems and queueing models utilized for analysis of the AoI metric; (ii) provide a detailed review of studies that have addressed the AoI metric; and (iii) establish future research challenges in this area. Our major outcome is that the models proposed to date for the AoI performance evaluation and optimization deviate drastically from the technical specifics of modern and future wireless cellular systems, including those proposed for URLLC and mMTC services. Specifically, we identify that the majority of the models considered to date: (i) do not account for service processes of wireless channel that utilize orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) technology and are able to serve more than a single packet in a time slot; (ii) neglect the specifics of the multiple access schemes utilized for mMTC communications, specifically, multi-channel random access followed by data transmission; (iii) do not consider special and temporal correlation properties in the set of end systems that may arise naturally in state monitoring applications; and finally, (iv) only few studies have assessed those practical use cases where queuing may happen at more than a single node along the route. Each of these areas requires further advances for performance optimization and integration of modern and future wireless provisioning technologies with mMTC and URLLC services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document discusses the development of digital libraries at Algerian universities and the challenges they face. It emphasizes the importance of adapting to the digital environment and meeting the changing needs of users. The document also highlights the need for copyright protection and the integration of information technology in universities. It suggests strategies for developing digitization mechanisms and mentions two prominent digital library projects in Algeria. Overall, the document calls for the implementation of technical solutions to enhance library services and improve knowledge construction at Algerian universities. [Extracted from the article]

Arguably, from a post-Foucauldian perspective, information and communications technology (ICT) offers an arena for ongoing subjectivation aligned with societal or moral guidelines, such as the principles of efficacy and joy, technology-centrism and consumerism. In line with the tradition of critical social theory, the present paper offers a theoretical and a Central and Eastern Europe (CEE)-centred empirical framework based on recent social practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technological developments known as "Fourth Industrial Revolution", "Industry 4.0" has significant changes in human's life. New systems, approach methods, management systems are emerging in every area of life. The transformation of society shows itself not only in manufacturing processes but also in inevitable sectors such as education, health, environmental areas and services sector. The evolution of societies from the agricultural society to the industrial society, from the information society to the information society, manifests itself not only in manufacturing systems, but also in areas where education is inevitable, such as education, health and the environment. In literature, it is possible that you can observe the concepts of Health 4.0, Environment 4.0, Water 4.0, Logistics 4.0 and Education 4.0. In this study, Education 4.0 will be examined and the possible changes in education systems will be underlined. With Education 4.0, already known education systems merges with the technological developments and it transforms into innovation dominated structure. For this reason, in this study the components of Education 4.0 will be explained and in this context, information on how to perform the systemic transformation will be realized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent studies take increasingly refined views of how socioeconomic conditions influence political behaviour. We add to this literature by exploring how voters' prospective evaluations of long-term economic and social opportunities relate to electoral contestation versus the stabilization of the political-economic system underpinning the knowledge society. Using survey data from eight West European countries, we show that positive prospects are associated with higher support for mainstream parties (incumbents and opposition) and lower support for radical parties on all levels of material well-being. Our results support the idea that 'aspirational voters' with positive evaluations of opportunities (for themselves or their children) represent an important stabilizing force in advanced democratic capitalism. However, we also highlight the importance of radical party support among 'apprehensive voters', who are economically secure but perceive a lack of long-term opportunities. To assess the implications of these findings, we discuss the relative importance of these groups across different countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the connection between natural and social sciences through how the modern evolutionary synthesis approach, which emerged in biology, influenced social organizations. First, the paper examines the relationship of neo-evolutionism with organizational theories. Then the interaction between natural and social sciences is explained in the study. Afterwards, the relationship between neo-evolutionism and organization theory is handled around the discussions in this field. It has been emphasized that the flow of knowledge between sociology and biology is much more organic and mutual than expected. In other words, this study aims to draw attention to the methodological continuity of the interaction between evolution and organization theory from the very beginning to the present. In line with this purpose, the relationship between the transformation of the theory of evolution and the transformation of classical organizational theories is examined. In this study, it is claimed that the source of the paradigmatic interaction of neo-evolutionism and organization theories is the analogical relationship that began to be established between biology and sociology in the nineteenth century and that this relationship has turned into a much more organic structure than a mechanical and technical analogy in the historical process. This article is part of the theme issue 'Thermodynamics 2.0: Bridging the natural and social sciences (Part 2)'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of RED - Revista de Educación a Distancia is the property of Universidad de Murcia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Throughout history censorship has taken many forms and has been used with similar intent, all the while depending on the technological, material and political resources of the respective times. In the information age, where digitization is extremely important, censorship can take another form, an unforeseen, even unexpected one, different from the classic models used in other historical periods. If in real life, an individual was constrained by social norms, by accepted behavioral conduct but also by a chiseled language, on the Internet these constraints did not have much value in the past. We can talk about an environment where one could be whoever wanted to be and say whatever they wanted, and in the worst-case scenario they were laughed at. However, things are no longer like that at the moment. We can say that censorship starts from two directions. The first, from the abuse of the algorithm that can wrongly identify users' posts and then correct them, and the second from the abuse of other users, who if they do not agree with the information posted by others, they can send a complaint to the social networks to have them deleted and the user corrected and/or punished, in many cases unfairly. Next, we can also talk about a certain intensity of censorship, the greater the intensity, the more it restricts individual freedoms. So, we can say that the objective of this paper is to identify different types of censorship and expose how they impact certain freedoms. In this direction, the biggest risk would be the fact that one, if not the most important right that man has, that of free expression, is endangered by these modern poses of censorship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the new era of information society, dynamic data is common and widely applied in many fields. To save the computing time of upper and lower approximations in rough methods, it is wise to study the incremental methods of calculating approximations and construct the incremental algorithms. In this study, we mainly focus on maintaining approximations dynamically in interval-valued ordered decision systems when the feature set and sample set increase or decrease, respectively. Firstly, the dominance relation on interval-valued ordered decision system are discussed. The two notions of interval dominance degree and interval overlap degree (denoted as IDD and IOD respectively) are introduced to describe the preference relation between interval values. Then, the incremental updating rules of approximations for four circumstances, namely adding attributes, removing attributes, adding objects, and removing objects, are obtained based on the matrix expression of approximations and dominated sets. Furthermore, the incremental algorithms are derived accordingly. By using six preprocessed data sets from UCI repository, a series of evaluations and comparisons are made on the calculation time of static algorithm and incremental algorithms. From these comparative experiments, the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed dynamic algorithms could be verified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study developed a scale to enable high school students to self-assess their digital competencies, which are essential in the information society. The scale was constructed by referring to the European Commission's DigComp framework and DigCompSAT, and by focusing on the missing concepts and elements in Japan's Joho-Katsuyo-Noryoku (information literacy). A study of 732 high school students was conducted using the scale. The confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated a good fit for a bifactor model consisting of group factors corresponding to the five areas of DigComp, which confirmed the construct validity. The model was also maintained in the 20-item scale, which was condensed from the initial 82 items. The model showed an acceptable level of internal consistency by omega, and group discrimination validity was confirmed by using IC3 as an external criterion. Therefore, we concluded that the high school student version of the digital competency self-assessment scale is generally valid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Ege Universitesi, Ziraat Fakultesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Many factors mark contemporary political processes. The peculiarities of the political system and regime largely determine them. The type of political process, which is characterized by social and political activity of persons and social groups, is democratic. The establishment of such a regime is characterized by gradual steps to introduce democratic principles into the political system, societal institutions, culture, and lifestyle. Such a peaceful transition to a democratic regime can be called democratization. In contemporary public policy, representatives of governing structures seek ways to develop forms of societal participation in decision-making processes. Meanwhile, interested groups, in turn, strive to enhance the quality and legitimacy of the policies enacted. Electronic democracy tools are not a reincarnation of former means of political communication. In such cases, it concerns democratization and the neoliberal ideology within civil society. In the virtual environment, electronic participation addresses the issue of societal involvement in political processes and the role of innovations as a whole. Political participation can be seen as a tool for democratization and authoritarian control, including influencing the electorate. The study aims to determine the role of e-democracy in contemporary post-industrial society and the degree of its practical technological implementation. The paper describes the content and role of e-democracy in post-industrial society. The authors analyzed the impact of information and communication technologies on the processes of electronic democratization. It has been shown that an active application of information technologies in everyday social life to form electronic democracy has led to both positive societal trends and negative social consequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Synesis is the property of Synesis and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the rapidly evolving technological landscape, the digitization of the justice system in Albania holds tremendous potential for increasing efficiency and effectiveness. This study aims to comprehensively analyse and evaluate the implementation of digital technologies in Albania's judicial system. Using analysis and synthesis, historicism, and hermeneutic methods, the study explores the concept of an information society and delves into the historical development of information technology in the Western Balkan region. It reveals that while the telecommunications infrastructure in these countries still requires improvement, the integration of information technology can optimize court processes, reduce resolution times, and enhance overall efficiency. By enabling audio-visual recording and online broadcasting of court sessions, the judicial process becomes more accessible and transparent for citizens. Moreover, the study uncovers the prevalence of challenges that hinder democratic performance in the Western Balkan countries, particularly within the judiciary. However, the introduction of digital technologies fosters an objective and transparent environment, mitigating the challenges and potential risks of corruption. The study also examines the implementation of digital documents and electronic digital signatures, a crucial step in the digitization of transitional justice. The use of digitally signed electronic documents offers numerous advantages, including time savings, accurate information retrieval, convenience, cost-effectiveness, control, and ease of use. Additionally, the study emphasizes the importance of digital archives for transparency and accountability, as well as the need to respect privacy and uphold citizens' constitutional rights related to information and access. The practical significance of this study lies in its potential to inform the development of a program aimed at optimizing and improving the digital technology system within the judicial systems of the Western Balkan countries, with a special focus on Albania. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Jurídica (0103-3506) is the property of Revista Juridica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Iluminuras is the property of Revista Iluminuras and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We study list price competition when firms can individually target consumer discounts (at a cost) afterwards, and we address recent privacy regulation (like the GDPR) allowing consumers to choose whether to opt-in to targeting. Targeted consumers receive poaching and retention discount offers. Equilibrium discount offers are in mixed strategies, but only two firms vie for each contested consumer and final profits on them are Bertrand-like. When targeting is unrestricted, firm list pricing resembles monopoly. For plausible demand conditions and if targeting costs are not too low, firms and consumers are worse off with unrestricted targeting than banning it. However, targeting induces higher (lower) list prices if demand is convex (concave), and either side of the market can benefit if list prices shift enough in its favour. Given the choice, consumers opt in only when expected discounts exceed privacy costs. Under empirically plausible conditions, opt-in choice makes all consumers better off. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Education, Technology & Society (BRAJETS) / Cadernos de Educação Tecnologia e Sociedade (CETS) is the property of Brazilian Journal of Education, Technology & Society - BRAJETS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Herald of Journalism / Habaršy Žurnalistika Seriâsy is the property of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of the digital competency survey is to assess the skills, knowledge and attitudes of the information society in the use of digital technologies and the development of these skills. As a result of the survey, the level of digital competence of the public was determined, and training needs and activities were identified to increase digital knowledge and skills in order to improve quality of life, achieve better performance at work and increase competitiveness in the labor market. The research problem of the digital competences of the information society in the field of social security is what is the level of specific digital competences in ensuring social security in the era of digitalization, what are the gaps in the knowledge, skills and attitudes of respondents regarding their digital competences, and what are the best practices and ways of increasing awareness and education in this area. As a result of the adopted research problem, a hypothesis was formulated: the higher the level of digital competences of the information society, the greater the awareness of threats and effectiveness in counteracting cybercrime, which translates into a higher level of social security. The inspiration for the study was the European Digital Competence Framework for Citizens, a reference framework for the development and understanding of digital competences developed by the European Commission. The framework defines the digital competences important for citizens in Europe and the skills, knowledge and attitudes that citizens should have to fully and safely use digital technologies. The study was conducted in the form of CAWI interviews with the management staff of 153 people in a random sample of 153 companies from the production, service and trade sectors in Poland, in small, medium and large enterprises. The research was conducted periodically over a three-year period from 2020 to 2022. The DigComp project is implemented by the Joint Research Center for the European Commission. It started in 2010 and since then, Member States' awareness of DigComp as the EU framework for digital skills policy and the development and measurement of digital competences has steadily increased. DigComp remains a key tool for the EU's goals to increase the digital skills of the entire population. It is an important tool supporting the EU Digital Education Action Plan 2021-2027, which in turn contributes to the Commission's priority, A Europe ready for the digital age'. DigComp is used for many purposes, such as designing competence assessment tools, creating courses and training materials, and identifying professional digital profiles in the contexts of employment, education and training, as well as social inclusion (Digital Skills & Jobs Platform and European Commission Joint Research Center). The conclusions of the study indicate the need to increase education and awareness of online security in organizations, especially in the areas of privacy and data security. Therefore, it is worth focusing on developing users' knowledge about network security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the area of the fastest growing fields of ICT technology which determine the successive stages of progress in the field of online electronic banking, it is necessary to disseminate standards for conducting financial operations carried out in the socalled cloud as well as using the large data sets located in the so-called Big Data platforms. Current Big Data technology solutions are not only large data bases, data warehouses allowing for multi-aspect analysis of huge sets of quantitative data made for the purposes of reports submitted periodically to the managerial staff. Currently emerging trends in the development of technology based on Big Data dataset platforms usually allow to perform multidimensional calculations and reported results of analyzes in real time. The analyzes conducted on huge data sets allow for comprehensive, multi-aspect risk assessments at the level of the whole entity. During the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) coronavirus pandemic, there was an increase in the importance of analytics based on Big Data Analytics. During the pandemic, there was also an increase in the digitisation and internetisation of business processes. This also resulted in an increase In the scale of cybercrime development. the development of information technologies functioning on the Internet also involves the risk of loss or theft of information by unauthorized entities. The process of providing information via the Internet generates many threats related to identity theft, interception of classified data and cash embezzlement in Internet business systems. In response to these threats, particular entities are developing security systems for remote sharing of information and transactions conducted via the Internet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)