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Objetivo: Establecer un análisis morfométrico del frenillo labial superior durante el crecimiento y desarrollo del niño en edades de 0 a 12 años en el Municipio Naguanagua periodo Marzo-Septiembre 2016. Materiales y Métodos: investigación de tipo descriptivo con un diseño de campo. Teniendo como objeto una población de 650 niños tomando como Muestra 260 sujetos, distribuidos de manera porcentual en, 31% Primera Infancia 23% Segunda Infancia y 46% Tercera Infancia. Se obtuvieron fotografías del frenillo, tomando 10 “landmark” (puntos de referencia) para la conformación de la estructura, siendo procesadas para su análisis con los Software, TpsDig2, Past, IMP7 y Morphoj. Resultados: la zona que presento mayor superposición en todos los grupos fue la de inserción gingival, mientras que la inserción labial presento mayor variación, en cuanto a 1 Residente del Postgrado de Odontopediatría, Universidad de Carabobo. 2 Odontopediatra UC. Docente del Postgrado de Odontopediatría U.C. y docente de Pregrado facultad de Odontología U.C. 3 PhD, en Entomología, Docente de la Universidad de Ikiam Ecuador. la deformación de la estructura en todas las etapas hubo desarrollo en sentido horizontal en la inserción labial. La medida promedio del frenillo labial superior se estableció entre 11 a 13mm, ±1-2mm de desviación. La inserción gingival a la papila interincisal se presentó una medida promedio 1 a 3 mm. ±1 mm. Conclusiones: el frenillo labial superior al nacer es fisiológicamente tectolabial, presentara un desarrollo de 1 a 2mm durante el 1er año de vida en su zona de inserción gingival exclusivamente, manteniéndose estable sin reposicionarse ni modificarse en longitud hasta la adolescencia, por lo que al realizar el análisis Morfométrico del frenillo labial superior en todos tipos de dentición dicha estructura presento similitudes indicándonos su estabilidad en las diferentes edades del infante.

Este trabalho teve como objetivo descrever a anatomia da glândula parótida de cabras da raça Saanen, onde foram utilizadas vinte e seis cabeças de cabras domésticas, de ambos os sexos, onde as glândulas e seus ductos foram dissecados para realização da mensuração e determinação de sua morfologia, assim como o trajeto percorrido pelo ducto. Foram encontrados valores próximos, indicando simetria bilateral da glândula parótidas nestes animais, apresentando sucinto formato de “Y”. Seu ducto parte da extremidade ventral da glândula, seguindo lateralmente ao ângulo da mandíbula contornando o masseter, onde abaixo do músculo zigomático, desemboca na cavidade oral, na papila parotídea.

In the present study the scrotal circumference of male buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis, Murrah race) was characterized and its relationship with other morphometric parameters was defined. The study was realized at “El Mosquito” farm, in San Marcos municipality in Sucre, Colombia. Fourteen (14) male buffaloes were taken from their weaning to twenty months old. These animals were subjected to testis measures (SC, testis longitude), body weight, and croup height, every twenty-eight days. To establish SC of the group under study, descriptive statistics was used, mean and standard deviation. In the same way, simple correlation analysis between SC with age, weight, croup height and testicular length (right and left). SC increased during experimental monitoring from 12, 4 ± 1, 0 cm to 20, 2 ± 1,4 cm. The weight ranged from 162, 1 ± 24, 9 kg to 323, 8 ± 39,8 kg. LTD fluctuated from 4,0 ± 0,7 cm to 7,4±0,7 cm. LTI began from 4,2 ± 0,5 cm and finished in 6,9 ± 0,6 cm and height rump at 10 months, was 104 ± 4,4 ± 3,4 cm to 118 cm at 20 months old male buffaloes studied. In conclusion, correlations between CE and age, weight, right and left testis length height and height haunch were: r = 0, 84; 0, 90; 0, 93; 0.91, and 0, 71 respectively. It´s concluded growth to SC was not uniform, also a high correlation was found between SC and morphometric parameters studied.

En la provincia de Corrientes, el río Paraná ocupó sucesivamente diferentes tramos de su abanico aluvial, formando lomadas arenosas. En la actualidad, contiene un gran número de lagunas descriptas como pequeñas y circulares, teniendo en cuenta una descripción cualitativa obtenida de fotografías aéreas e imágenes satelitales. Sin embargo, hasta el momento los estudios acerca de la distribución, tamaño, características morfométricas y funcionalidades de las lagunas solo se limitaban a estudios de casos particulares. Por tal motivo, surgió la necesidad de profundizar los conocimientos de estos cuerpos de agua en su totalidad, a fin de lograr información más integral de la región que las contiene. Los resultados de este trabajo permitieron conocer la distribución de 38926 lagunas, con una densidad de 3 lagunas por Km2 , que representan el 20% de la densidad lacustre del paisaje. A su vez, predomina la forma circular (72%) y las restantes varían en subcirculares y triangulares. En cuanto a la distribución de las formas sobre el paisaje de lomadas arenosas se pudo observar que existe un gradiente en dirección Este-Oeste, donde la concentración de formas más complejas aumenta hacia el Este y las formas simples y circulares aumentan hacia el Oeste. Esta situación se relaciona directamente la con topografía de las lomadas arenosas con un gradiente que va en la misma dirección. Mayores diferencias topográficas permiten una mayor interconexión de lagunas y en consecuencia formas complejas, mientras que por el contrario, relieves más planos hacia el Oeste contribuye a la segmentación de lagunas. Como resultado del análisis estadístico de las variables morfométricas de las lagunas en función de la topografía de las lomadas arenosas, ha posibilitado clasificar al mega abanico aluvial del río Paraná en diferentes tramos.

En este artículo se presenta la determinación del estado trófico de la laguna Monja Blanca, utlizando los parámetros de fósforo total, transparencia y los métodos de clasificación de TSI de Carlson (Índice del Estado Trófico, 1977) y OCDE (Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Economico, 1980). La morfometría de la laguna se caracteriza por tener un ancho de 0.11 km, largo de 0.51 km, un área de 0.07 km2 y una profundidad máxima de 1.00 metro. La metodología utilizada consistió en tomar y analizar noventa muestras en tres puntos distintos utilizando como base la norma COGUANOR NTG/ISO 5667- 4. Los resultados promedio de fósforo total 0.76 mg/L y transparencia 0.16 m, demuestran con base a las clasificaciones TSI y OCDE, que el nivel trófico de la laguna Monja Blanca se encuentra en un estado eutrófico – hipertrófico.

A análise morfométrica de bacia hidrográfica é importante para subsidiar o desenvolvimento de estudos ambientais. Com o avanço das geotecnologias, os Modelos Digitais de Superfície (MDS), extraídos de imagens de satélite e processados em ambiente de Sistema de Informação Geográfica, têm consistido em uma importante fonte de dados para a análise morfométrica de bacias. Este estudo caracteriza a morfometria de bacia hidrográfica usando diferentes MDS. Adotou-se a bacia do rio Pirapozinho como objeto de estudo. Os achados desse trabalho revelam uma baixa propensão à enchente da bacia em análise. Também, notamos que podem existir variações nos parâmetros morfométricos de acordo com o MDS usado, ainda que sejam modelos de mesma resolução espacial.

RESUMEN El uso de prebióticos y probióticos en la nutrición animal produce efectos beneficiosos estimulando selectivamente el crecimiento o actividad de uno o más tipos de bacterias en los intestinos. El objetivo de la investigación buscó establecer las variaciones morfométrica microscópicas en intestino enriquecido con probióticos y prebióticos en alevines y juveniles de tilapia roja Oreochromis spp. Para ello se utilizaron 600 alevines y 600 juveniles, con 4 tratamientos y 3 repeticiones. Se realizó el análisis estadístico de medidas repetidas (PROC MIXED), utilizando el programa estadístico SAS, para las comparaciones múltiples se utilizó el test de Tukey. La variable altura de vellosidades en alevines y juveniles T2, T3 y T4 alcanzaron las mayores longitudes con un coeficiente de variación de 12,6% por lo que las medidas tienden a ser homogéneas, se demostró que la inclusión de estos compuestos, generan cambios significativos (P

A morfometria fluvial auxilia na interpretação do comportamento morfodinâmico e hidrológico em bacias hidrográficas. A determinação da escala de trabalho é importante, pois uma mudança pode gerar uma variação nos resultados e modificar a aplicabilidade dos índices. Mas esta variação ocorre em todos os índices? O objetivo deste trabalho é estudar a morfometria fluvial e comparar índices morfométricos em diferentes escalas espaciais na bacia do rio San Bernardo. Essa bacia está localizada no centro-sul do Sistema Ventania, província de Buenos Aires (Argentina). Possui uma superfície de 82 km2 e não existe medições de cauldal do rio. Os resultados obtidos foram comparados em uma escala de 1:50.000 (escala cartográfica oficial de maior detalhe na Argentina) e 1:1.400 (escala de maior aproximação a realidade da bacia obtida no Google Earth). Foram calculados os parâmetros de área (A), perímetro (P), comprimento do canal (lc), altura (h), desnível (D), declividade e os índices: Razão de alongamento (Re), Razão de relevo (Rr), Relação de Relevo (R), Relação de bifurcação (Rb), Relação de comprimento (Rl), Coeficiente de torrencialidade (Ct), Densidade de drenagem (Dd) e Frequência de drenagem (Fd) relevantes para o estudo de inundações. Os resultados dos índices Rb e Re associados à topologia e à forma, respectivamente, revelam uma bacia com potencialidade alta para gerar inundações repentinas. Os valores obtidos para os índices Dd e Ct reforçam o que foi dito anteriormente. Os índices, em ambas escalas, se mantêm no ranking de classificação, no entanto, os valores obtidos em uma escala maior se aproximam da situação real. O uso de mais detalhes gera resultados mais adequados nos índices influenciados pelas propriedades da rede de drenagem pois melhora as análises morfométricas para bacias pequenas.

A presente pesquisa objetiva analisar parâmetros morfológicos e morfométricos do relevo e da rede de drenagem nas sub-bacias hidrográficas dos rios Cascata e Tinto, no litoral Norte do Estado da Paraíba, para detectar possíveis contribuições da estrutura geológica e da atividade tectônica em suas configurações. As análises foram realizadas com o auxílio do Modelo Digital do Terreno (MDT) e os mapas de altimetria e declividade, todos gerados no Software SPRING 5.4.3, a partir de dados extraídos de cartas topográficas na escala de 1:25.000. Para a análise morfométrica foram aplicados os índices Relação Declividade/Extensão (RDE), o índice Razão Fundo/Altura de Vale (RFAV) e o Fator Assimétrico (FA). As interpretações geológicas foram baseadas em mapeamentos geológicos recentes e em seus respectivos relatórios técnicos, além de trabalho de campo. A sub-bacia Rio Cascata apresenta um basculamento acentuado para o lado direito, onde estão localizados seus canais tributários mais desenvolvidos. O seu canal principal apresenta uma inflexão que modifica bruscamente sua direção de NE-SO para N-S, anomalias interpretadas como sinais contundentes da atuação da atividade tectônica. A sub-bacia do Rio Tinto apresenta canais bem entalhados em forma de V e basculamento para sua margem esquerda. Seu canal principal apresenta inflexões que obedecem às direções de falhas geológicas descritas nos mapas geológicos utilizados neste trabalho. Esses fatos são evidências da influência estrutural e da atividade tectônica na configuração do relevo e da rede de drenagem, que foram corroborados pelos resultados obtidos com a aplicação dos índices morfométricos.

Pterion is an irregular H letter shaped sutural confluence in the temporal fossa formed by frontal, parietal bones, great wing of sphenoid bone and temporal squama. Pterion is classified in 4 types as follows: sphenoparietal, frontotemporal, epipteric and stellate. The pterion represents: anterior branch of the middle meningeal artery, middle cerebral artery, Broca’s motor speech area, insula and stem of the lateral cerebral sulcus. This pterion junction has been used as a common extra-cranial landmark for surgeons in microsurgical and surgical approaches pertaining to important pathologies of this region. In the present study, our aim was to determine pterion types, to estimate distances between pterion and some special landmarks by which means to contribute to the related literature by comparing the data with other studies focusing on various populations. Pterion types identified by observation and measurements were taken by steel Vernier caliper. This study was conducted with 75 adult skulls (both sides 150 pterion). Skulls were classified with regard to gender as: 47 male and 28 female. Pterion types observed in both genders were classified as: sphenoparietal type 82% (84.04% in male, 78.57% in female), frontotemporal type 4.66% (5.31% in male, 3.57% in female), epipteric type 10.66% (8.51% in male, 14.28% in female) and stellate type 2.66% (2.12% in male, 3.57% in female). These findings will be usefull for clinicians, anthropologists and forensics. El pterion es una confluencia sutural con forma de letra H irregular en la fosa temporal formada por los huesos frontales, parietales, el ala mayor del hueso esfenoides y la escama temporal. Pterion se clasifica en 4 tipos de la siguiente manera: Esfenoparietal, frontotemporal, epiptérico y estrellado. El pterion representa: la rama anterior de la arteria meníngea media, la arteria cerebral media, el área motora del habla de Broca, la ínsula y el vástago del surco cerebral lateral. Esta unión del pterión se ha utilizado como un hito extracraneal común para los cirujanos en enfoques microquirúrgicos y quirúrgicos relacionados con patologías importantes de esta región. En el presente estudio, nuestro objetivo es determinar los tipos de pterion, estimar las distancias entre el pterión y algunos puntos de referencia especiales para contribuir a la literatura relacionada mediante la comparación de los datos con otros estudios que se centran en diversas poblaciones. Los tipos de pterión identificados por observación y mediciones fueron tomados por un calibrador a Vernier de acero. Este estudio se realizó con 75 cráneos adultos (ambos lados 150 pterion). Los cráneos se clasifican en función del género como: 47 hombres y 28 mujeres. Los tipos de pterion observados en ambos sexos se clasifican en: tipo esfenoparietal 82% (84,04% en hombres, 78,57% en mujeres), tipo frontotemporal 4,66% (5,31% en hombres, 3,57% en mujeres), tipo epiptérico 10,66% (8,51% en hombres, 14,28% en mujeres) y tipo estrellado 2,66% (2,12% en hombres, 3,57% en mujeres). Estos hallazgos serán útiles para los clínicos, antropólogos y médicos forenses.

O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de analisar os parâmetros morfométricos da bacia hidrográfica do rio Iguaçu-Sarapuí e avaliar sua suscetibilidade a enchentes e inundações. O mapeamento foi realizado com imagem SRTM, no programa ArcGIS. As análises linear, areal e hipsométricaforam baseadas em Christofoletti (1969; 1980) e Villela e Mattos (1975). Os resultados indicaram parâmetros (Índice de Sinuosidade, Índice Bifurcação, Densidade de Rios, Fator de Forma, assim como a Hipsometria e Declividades) mais determinantes na dinâmica de escoamento nessa área e, portanto, na sua suscetibilidade a enchentes. Os parâmetros de Densidade de Drenagem, Coeficiente de Manutenção, Coeficiente de Compacidade e Relação de Circularidade não a caracterizam como uma áreas suscetível a enchentes em condições normais de precipitação. Além disso, essa área foi e ainda está submetida a intervenções antrópicas que alteram a dinâmica hidrogeomorfológica e que, associadas a características morfométrica, contribuem para os eventos de enchentes e inundações.

While various neurodegenerative diseases affect cortical mass differently, finding an optimal and accurate method for measuring the thickness and surface area of cerebral cortex remains a challenging problem due to highly convoluted surface of the cortex. We therefore investigated cortical thickness in a sample of cadaveric specimens at the Discipline of Clinical Anatomy, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa to provide some clue as to possible variations in the parameters. Following ethical approval, 60 brain samples were uniformly sectioned (5 mm thickness) and eight slices taken from each brain across regions of interest (ROI) prepared and stained by Mulligan's technique. Thickness was measured at selected angles (0°, 45°, 90°, 135° and 180°) for both right and left cerebral hemispheres. Mulligan's stain produced good cortical differentiation and clear images that enabled manual delineation of structures. Cortical thickness ranged from 3 to 5 millimeters across the ROI. Interestingly, there was rightward hemispheric asymmetry of cortical thickness of selective slices at suggested angles which is related to structurally and functionally important brain regions. Moreover, there was no significant correlation between the surface area of superficial cortex and the deep nuclei at the same level. The superficial cortex and deep nuclei are manifested independently in normal aging, neuropsychiatric or developmental disorders. Providing accurate morphometric evaluation of cortical thickness and area based on gross staining of the brain slices could provide qualitative data that may support the study of human cerebral cortex even in disease conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de la Universidad del Valle de Guatemala is the property of Universidad del Valle de Guatemala and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The morphometric analysis of the watershed is important to support the development of environmental studies. With the advancement of geotechnologies, Digital Surface Models (MDS), extracted from satellite images and processed in a Geographic Information System environment, have been an important source of data for the morphometric analysis of basins. This study characterizes watershed morphometry using different MDS. The Pirapozinho river basin was adopted as the object of study. The findings of this work reveal a low propensity to flood the basin under analysis. Also, we note that there may be variations in the morphometric parameters according to the MDS used, even though they are models of the same spatial resolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arquivos de Ciências Veterinárias e Zoologia da Unipar is the property of Associacao Paranaense de Ensino e Cultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Agro Productividad is the property of Colegio de Postgraduados and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study aimed to evaluate whether cheese whey associated with transitional milk or not, could serve as a suitable alternative to whole milk for calf rearing. For this, twenty-four male calves of crossbred Holstein-Zebu, were distributed in a completely randomized design with three treatments (8 calves per treatment) and fed for 60 days with one of the following liquid diets: i) 100% whole milk, ii) 50% whole milk and 50% cheese whey, and iii) 30% transitional milk and 70% cheese whey. There was no difference in food intake between treatments. The analysis showed that whole milk replacement did not alter the stomach weight or the ruminal cell proliferation when compared to treatment using 100% whole milk; however, the transitional milk/cheese whey group showed larger ruminal papillae. These results suggested that a transitional milk-cheese whey diet associated with solid food and proper nutrient complements might enhance the post-natal development of rumen papillae in calves, which might contribute to prepare them for weaning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Horticulture / Kertgazdaság is the property of Herman Otto Intezet Nonprofit Kft. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The research reported here is a continuation of our previous germination study on the giant plantain (Plantago maxima Juss. ex Jacq.) aiming at the species ex situ conservation. Seedlings obtained from the germination tests were used for the establishment of ex situ stands. In order to understand the species' habitat preferences, ex situ stands were planted in three diff erent habitat types according to soil water regime: a hygrophilous, a mesophilous and a steppic habitat. These ex situ stands (starting with 100 seedlings each) were set up in a fen meadow in the Soroksár Botanical Garden (Budapest, Hungary), while two additional, very small ex situ stands were created and maintained by horticultural management including regular weed control and watering. Morphometric measurements were used to follow the development of plants in these ex situ stands. In 2017, we also assessed plant survival rate. In the natural fen meadow, we recorded the species composition to characterize the community. To check the physiological status of the individuals in diff erent habitats, we measured peroxidase enzyme activities in individuals sampled from diff erent habitat types. According to our results, mesophilous fen meadow conditions seem to be the most appropriate for the growth and development of the species. Here plants developed properly, the measured peroxidase enzyme activity was low and the survival rate was the highest. Individuals in the other two stands, from the hygrophilous and xeromesophilous (steppic) sites, were significantly less developed. Th ose plants which were under horticultural care, attained the generative phase in the year of relocation, while those stands established on the fen meadow did not flower during the two-year-long study. Based on morphometrical measurements, plants growing under horticultural management reached the greatest growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The brachial plexus is formed from five spinal roots: C5, C6, C7, C8 and T1, providing innervation to the upper limb. It has been shown that the morphometric analysis of nerve fibers is of great value in detecting abnormalities, such as the size of nerve bundles, the number or size of axons and the area of myelin. The present study was performed on samples of 10 brachial plexuses (5 right, 5 left), obtained from 5 fresh cadavers, male, with an average age between 24 ± 3.14 (range, 20-30 years), and 73 ± 5.52 years (range, 60-90 years), with no history of malignancy and neuropsychiatric pathology. The samples were fixed in 10% formalin and stained with hematoxylineosin. The data obtained from the 10 brachial plexuses were grouped into two age ranges, these being young and adult. In the group of young people the number of fascicles in C5, 4.00 ± 1.22; C6, 9.25 ± 3.83; C7, 15.20 ± 7.57; C8, 8.60 ± 5.39; T1, 4.80 ± 3.19 in adults the diameter of the root was C5, 4.77 ± 1.31; C6, 5.39 ± 0.76; C7, 5.91 ± 1.63; C8, 5.19 ± 0.94; T1, 4.86 ± 1.40. There are differences between the nerve roots of the human brachial plexus, young individuals and Chilean adults, so the root area of young individuals is smaller, the number of fascicles decreases in adult individuals and their diameters are always higher in the latter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The acetabulum is the large cup-shaped cavity on the lateral surface of the hip bone, which articulates with the head of the femur to form the hip joint. The morphometry and morphology of the acetabulum is important in the diagnosis and treatment of hip joint injuries and disease. Population specific differences exist regarding the acetabulum, therefore, this study aimed to document the morphometry and morphology of the acetabulum within a Black African population in Kwa-Zulu Natal, South Africa. A total of 100 dry hip bones (R= 44; L= 56) from the University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville and NRMSOM campuses) were examined for this study. The hip bones, with documented sex, were all from the Black African population. A sliding digital caliper was used to measure the acetabular diameter, depth and acetabular notch width. The morphology of the acetabular margin was document in accordance with Govsa et al. (2005). Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS version 24 software. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The means and standard deviations of the morphometric measurements for the entire population were as follows: (a) acetabular diameter of 54.84 ± 4.18 mm, (b) acetabular depth of 31.30 ± 3.18 mm and (c) acetabular notch width of 21.72 ± 2.98 mm. The observed shapes of the acetabular margin that were angular (41%), curved (22%), irregular (23%) and straight (14%). Knowledge of the anatomy of the acetabulum is useful to surgeons, prosthetists, anthropologists and forensic anthropology experts. The morphometry and morphology of the Black African population group of KwaZulu-Natal presented with differences when compared to other population groups studied in literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The gross morphometric features of mammalian olfactory system components show variations that may be attributed to dietary and ecological factors. We analyzed volumes and linear dimensions of olfactory brain components (OBC) namely, olfactory bulb (OB), olfactory tract (OT) and olfactory stria (OS) in an Afrotherian insectivore, the rufous sengi. These findings were then compared with those obtained previously in dogs (carnivore), goats (herbivore) and humans (omnivore). Volumes, lengths and breadths of the OBC were compared with those of the cerebral hemisphere (CH) and the whole brain (WB) by working out their ratios (%). In the sengi, the volume of OBC: WB was 1.03%, length of OBC: CH = 58.08% and breadth of OB: CH = 28.97%. In an earlier report by Kavoi & Jameela respective values for the above parameters were 0.03%, 21.47% & 8.94% in humans, 0.77%, 51.87% & 29.73% in goats and 1.95%, 72.30% & 42.91% in dogs. These observations suggest that the anatomical design of OBC happens in a manner that mimics an animal's level of reliance on the sense of smell vis-à-vis feeding lifestyles, habitat and dynamics of evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Ciencia Animal - RECIA is the property of Revista Colombiana de Ciencia Animal - RECIA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Helicotylenchus are root parasites of cultivated and noncultivated plants. Species identification can be difficult because the nematode shares several diagnostic characters and exhibits an important interspecific variability. Species recognition is essential for planning appropriate control strategies or preventing the spread of these nematodes to other areas. In this work, morphological and morphometric characters from a single population were evaluated. Molecular analysis of D2-D3 of the 28s-rDNA and the 5.8s-ITS2 regions by PCR generated two new sequences that were deposited in Genbank. In addition, identification of the species was supported by phylogenetic analysis using Bayesian inference. This work is the first morphological, morphometric, and molecular characterization of a H. dihystera population from Argentina. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective. Characterize morphometric and phaneroptics of the Creole backyard chickens from the savanna subregion department of Sucre (Colombia). Materials and methods. 520 adult Creole animals (350 chickens and 170 roosters) were evaluated, in the period 2017-2018, located in 10 localities of the savanna sub-region of the department of Sucre Colombia. The information was collected in a survey format composed of quantitative and qualitative variables. The data obtained were subjected to univariate descriptive analysis, for independent samples. In addition, the analysis of variance technique was used. Comparisons between males and females were made by means of a t-test. The analyses were performed using the statistical package R. Results. The descriptors analyzed showed the superiority of the roosters over the hens (p<0.05). The analysis of variance in the population of females with respect to weight determined that there are significant differences (p<0.05). The morphological and phaneroptic characteristics studied describe a yellow metatarsal bird, with plumage color that combines brown, black, gray and white tones, the morphology and distribution of feathers in most birds is normal characteristic (smooth typical), with a uniform distribution to a length of the body, although specimens with different plumage patterns can be found. Conclusions. A wide variation could be observed among animals from the 10 localities studied. There is evidence of a typological differentiation in relation to the weight and size of the tarsus in the animals evaluated, which can be used as a selection criterion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arquivos de Ciências da Saúde da UNIPAR is the property of Associacao Paranaense de Ensino e Cultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this work the quantitative data of the surfaces that limit the sub-spaces that constitute the peritoneal space are shown. The methodology of measurement of the two sheets (parietal and visceral) of the peritoneal serosa applied in our previous paper (Albanese et al., 2009), in non-eviscerated corpses, allowed us to know for the first time, the surface or total extension of the peritoneum "in situ". This methodology was useful to determine the surface or area of the two sheets of the peritoneum, which limit the peritoneal space. Our objective in this study was to determine the total peritoneal areas (visceral + parietal) in human corpses that are not eviscerated, which limit the different sub-spaces that make up the peritoneal space. Ten female cadavers fixed in 5 % formaldehyde solution were used. Small cellophane films were placed directly on the peritoneal sheets. The digital images were obtained by scanning these models. The surface was determined by the "Scion image for Windows" program. The results were expressed as mean +/- SE. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for the statistical study. The results obtained showed that the peritoneal sub-space of greater surface area was retro-omental (mean +/- SE 7767.81 +/- 646.70 cm2 p <0.01 ANOVA), due to the large extension of its visceral surface ( mean +/- SE 7401.82 +/- 640.99 cm2). More than 50 % of the surface of the entire peritoneum corresponds to said sub-space. The smallest peritoneal sub-space (3 % of the total peritoneal surface) was the pelvic sub-space (mean +/- SE 431.30 +/- 41.62 cm2). We believe that this information may be useful in case of peritoneal pathological processes or those affected by prolonged peritoneal dialysis, and that knowledge of the surface and extension of the peritoneal space involved may contribute to the estimation of the peritoneal surface involved and help to plan the treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The determination of variables such as age, height, ethnicity and sex are extremely important to the identification of biological findings, especially in accidents with fatal victims. The diagnosis of sex can be 100 % certain for cases in which the skeleton is complete and in a good state of conservation, the individual is an adult and the morphometric variables of the population to which the individual belongs are known.: The aim of the present study was to perform a morphometric evaluation of the proximal femur and compare measurements between males and females. Sixty pairs of femurs were acquired from the Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology of the Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco. The bones were measured with the aid of the ImageJ software program and the following variables were compared between bones from male and female cadavers: DFH - diameter of femoral head on the craniocaudal and sagittal axes; DFN - diameter of femoral neck on the craniocaudal and sagittal axes; FNL - femoral neck length; ILL - intertrochanteric line length. The morphometric variables had the following mean values in the male bones: DFH-craniocaudal axis - 45.10 ± 0.35 mm; DFH-sagittal axis - 48.27 ± 0.35 mm; DFN-craniocaudal axis - 33.21 ± 0.40 mm; DFN-sagittal axis - 29.96 ± 0.05 mm; FNL - 31.71 ± 0.05 mm; ILL - 66.47 ± 0.59 mm. The mean values for the female bones were as follows: DFH-craniocaudal axis - 40.68 ± 0.20 mm; DFH-sagittal axis - 42.61 ± 0.20 mm; DFN-craniocaudal axis - 29.11 ± 0.03 mm; DFN-sagittal axis - 26.05 ± 0.04 mm; FNL - 31.10 ± 0.04 mm; ILL - 60.80 ± 0.41 mm. With the exception of the femur neck length, all variables measurements were significantly larger (p < 0.0001) on the male bones. The present findings demonstrate that the femur bone, particularly the proximal portion, exhibits important sexual dimorphism and has high potential for forensic purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Veterinaria is the property of Universidad Nacional del Nordeste and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ciência Florestal (01039954) is the property of Ciencia Florestal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Pterion is an irregular H letter shaped sutural confluence in the temporal fossa formed by frontal, parietal bones, great wing of sphenoid bone and temporal squama. Pterion is classified in 4 types as follows: sphenoparietal, frontotemporal, epipteric and stellate. The pterion represents: anterior branch of the middle meningeal artery, middle cerebral artery, Broca's motor speech area, insula and stem of the lateral cerebral sulcus. This pterion junction has been used as a common extra-cranial landmark for surgeons in microsurgical and surgical approaches pertaining to important pathologies of this region. In the present study, our aim was to determine pterion types, to estimate distances between pterion and some special landmarks by which means to contribute to the related literature by comparing the data with other studies focusing on various populations. Pterion types identified by observation and measurements were taken by steel Vernier caliper. This study was conducted with 75 adult skulls (both sides 150 pterion). Skulls were classified with regard to gender as: 47 male and 28 female. Pterion types observed in both genders were classified as: sphenoparietal type 82% (84.04% in male, 78.57% in female), frontotemporal type 4.66% (5.31% in male, 3.57% in female), epipteric type 10.66% (8.51% in male, 14.28% in female) and stellate type 2.66% (2.12% in male, 3.57% in female). These findings will be usefull for clinicians, anthropologists and forensics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Great White Heron (GWH) has an all-white plumage and occurs in the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean. Described originally as Ardea occidentalis, it is now considered a subspecies of Great Blue Heron (GBH; A. herodias). GWH and GBH meet in Florida Bay at the southern tip of Florida, providing the opportunity to evaluate their interaction and species status. To this end, we examined size variation and mate choice across their contact zone and genetic variation range-wide. Measurements of 7 morphological characters indicate trends, but not a significant difference, in size between GBH and GWH in southern Florida. GBH and GWH nest mainly in different places (mainland vs. islands) and at different peak times. In Florida Bay, mixed pairs occur, but white-white and blue-blue pairs are more common than in a randomly mating population. Assessing mating, however, is complicated because most, if not all, nesting blue birds are of mixed parentage. Microsatellite DNA analysis indicates that white and blue herons in Florida Bay and the outer Keys (outside Florida Bay) form a group distinct from blue forms on Florida Peninsula and elsewhere in North America. However, some gene flow occurs from white herons on the outer Keys to white and blue herons in Florida Bay, and from blue herons in Florida Bay to GBH on the Florida Peninsula. GWH alleles occur in all North American populations, but whether this is from gene flow or incomplete lineage sorting is unknown. Deciding GWH's species status is difficult. GWH and GBH meet in an ecotone where some gene flow occurs, but behavior and habitat largely isolate them. We argue in favor of splitting GWH from GBH. Regardless of how it is ultimately classified, the GWH's small population needs to be actively managed as an isolate in an extremely vulnerable environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The morphology and morphometry of the foramen magnum aid forensic studies in identifying unknown individuals according to age and sex. Moreover, these parameters of the foramen magnum have clinical relevance to surgeons in the transcondylar approach. This study aimed to analyze the morphometry and morphology in relation to the age and sex of individuals within the South African Black population, utilizing computerized tomography images. The use of computerized tomography images allowed for accurate morphometric diameters using the SLICER 3-D software version 4.7.0. Radiological images also provide a patient's clinical history. Thus, the process of exclusion in respect to patients with pathological conditions of the skull is achieved. The sample studied included 150 computerized tomography images (93 males and 57 females) arranged according to age cohorts (children aged 1-12 years, adolescents aged 13-17 years and adults aged 18-25 years). The morphometric parameters viz. antero-posterior diameter, transverse diameter and area of the foramen magnum was analyzed in relation to age and sex. The morphological variations of the foramen magnum was simultaneously observed between males and females and within the age groups. The objective of this study were to improve data on the morphological and morphometric parameters of the foramen magnum in the South African Black population. This study also attempted to associate the morphological and morphometric parameters of the foramen magnum with age and sex determination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anatomical variants in the celiac trunk (CT) are important in surgical and interventional fields. Studies worldwide have demonstrated length and structure variations in the celiac trunk. These studies have predominantly been carried out in Asian and European population. Therefore, we considered it necessary to realize a study to describe this structure and serve as a reference in the Mexican population. A sample of 50 human cadaveric specimens of Mexican origin was analyzed. The average length of the celiac trunk from its origin to its first branch was 12.44 mm, to the second branch was 17.07 mm, and to the third branch was 19.15 mm. In the studied sample, variants were found in 20 % of the specimens, 14 % of these presented morphometric variations in terms of length, and 6 % in terms of structure. In reference to the morphometric variants, the presence of one 3 mm length CT was noteworthy. Morphological variants were found in two specimens presenting a gastro-splenic trunk with a hepatomesenteric trunk, and a third specimen with hepatogastric bifurcated trunk, with the splenic artery originating from the common hepatic artery was observed. No reports were found in the literature concerning the latter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To evaluate in an integral way the morphometric parameters of the atlas (C1) vertebra in the Mexican population of relevance in performing surgical procedures of the craniocervical junction in order to provide quantitative and essential data for its realization. For this study, a total of 576 dry C1 vertebrae of contemporary Mexican population were used. Eleven measurements were carried out regarding the morphology of C1. The measurements were made bilaterally using a millimeter digital vernier with an accuracy of 0.01 millimeters and a statistical analysis was applied. A total of 576 atlas vertebrae (C1) were measured bilaterally, all our measurements were reported in millimeters. The average width of the lateral masses was 14.87 mm ± 1.38 mm. The average height of the lateral masses was 4.05 mm ± 0.93 mm. The average width of the transverse foramen was 5.93 mm ± 0.98 mm. The average length of the transverse foramen was 6.96 mm ± 0.98 mm. The average height of the transverse foramen was 5.76 mm ± 1.31 mm. The average width of the groove of the vertebral artery was 18.87 mm ± 1.3 mm. The average distance between the midline and the medial edge of the vertebral artery groove on the anterior surface of the posterior arch of C1 on its superior surface was 12.47 mm ± 3.14 mm. The average distance between the midline and the medial border of the vertebral artery groove on the posterior surface of the posterior arch of C1 on its upper face was 18.75 mm ± 3.94 mm. The average distance between the midline and the lateral border of the vertebral artery groove on the anterior surface of the posterior arch of C1 on its superior surface was 19.7 mm ± 2.52 mm. The average distance between the midline and the lateral border of the vertebral artery groove on the posterior surface of the posterior arch of C1 on its superior surface was 29.52 mm ± 3.23. Our study shows that the measurements made in our population present differences with respect to what is currently reported in the literature. It is necessary to have knowledge of vertebral morphology in our population to reduce the error window when performing surgical procedures involving this segment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El Anfiteatro de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia es un escenario académico que permite a docentes y estudiantes facilitar procesos tanto de enseñanza como de aprendizaje. Dentro del proceso formativo de los estudiantes del área de la salud, es imprescindible el conocimiento de la morfología humana a través de la comprensión estructural del cuerpo humano tanto macroscópica como microscópicamente, pasando por sus cambios evolutivos, procesos auxológicos y descripciones anatómicas. El trabajo de grado de la Maestría en Morfología Humana propone como estrategia didáctica involucrar mediciones del material óseo del Anfiteatro con el fin de establecer estándares métricos y generar un registro de datos e imágenes que serán usados en posteriores trabajos afines de profundización o investigación. La identificación, descripción, comparación y registro de parámetros de mediciones osteométricas de la cintura escapular y de los huesos largos del miembro superior, amplían la información morfológica del material disponible que optimizará los procesos involucrados en las prácticas educativas en formación en salud. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Cientifica de la Facultade de Veterinaria is the property of Universidad del Zulia, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

doi: 10.12957/geouerj.2016.18827 The following article puts forward a new geomorphological compartimentation for Recife Metropolitan Region (RMR), by means of correlating the different lithologies that comprise the landform arrangements of the region. For this purpose, morphostructural analysis methods were used based in the application of morphometric indexes, integrated to litho-structural data, photo-lineaments, and drainage network patterns. The usage of the morphostructural approach to the landforms of the RMR resulted in the identification of the following structural compartments and morphological sub-units: the coastal sedimentary plateau, subdivided into three sub-units, the Borborema crystalline piedmont, that comprises two sub-units, the Borborema Piedmont on the Pernambuco basin and the undifferentiated coastal and fluvial plains.

La fragmentación es uno de los procesos tafonómicos más importantes en las asociaciones arqueomalacológicas. La gran cantidad de material fragmentado introduce sesgos que afectan la interpretación de los procesos de formación, conservación de los depósitos y las estrategias de subsistencia de los grupos humanos. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el proceso de fragmentación de Mytilus edulis, en el sitio PE 133, poniendo a prueba la morfometría como herramienta de estudio. Los resultados obtenidos demostraron que no se puede establecer una relación entre el tamaño de las valvas y el grado de fragmentación. Esto indicaría que la fragmentación depende de las características propias del molusco donde el espesor, forma y la composición química son más determinantes que el tamaño del individuo, el tipo de sedimento y la historia de formación del depósito. Finalmente, la fragmentación introduce sesgos en los análisis de longitud de los individuos, es así que, en este contexto las ecuaciones morfométricas se convierten en herramientas de gran utilidad que permiten incorporar en los análisis aquellos individuos fragmentados disminuyendo los sesgos que este proceso produce.