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Background: Programmed cell death is closely related to glioma. As a novel kind of cell death, the mechanism of disulfidptosis in glioma remains unclear. Therefore, it is of great importance to study the role of disulfidptosis-related genes (DRGs) in glioma., Methods: We first investigated the genetic and transcriptional alterations of 15 DRGs. Two consensus cluster analyses were used to evaluate the association between DRGs and glioma subtypes. In addition, we constructed prognostic DRG risk scores to predict overall survival (OS) in glioma patients. Furthermore, we developed a nomogram to enhance the clinical utility of the DRG risk score. Finally, the expression levels of DRGs were verified by immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining., Results: Most DRGs (14/15) were dysregulated in gliomas. The 15 DRGs were rarely mutated in gliomas, and only 50 of 987 samples (5.07 %) showed gene mutations. However, most of them had copy number variation (CNV) deletions or amplifications. Two distinct molecular subtypes were identified by cluster analysis, and DRG alterations were found to be related to the clinical characteristics, prognosis, and tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). The DRG risk score model based on 12 genes was developed and showed good performance in predicting OS. The nomogram confirmed that the risk score had a particularly strong influence on the prognosis of glioma. Furthermore, we discovered that low DRG scores, low tumor mutation burden, and immunosuppression were features of patients with better prognoses., Conclusion: The DRG risk model can be used for the evaluation of clinical characteristics, prognosis prediction, and TIME estimation of glioma patients. These DRGs may be potential therapeutic targets in glioma., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (© 2023 The Authors.)

Background: The role of probiotics in trauma patients remains unclear. We undertook a meta-analysis of published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the effects of probiotics on the clinical outcomes of trauma patients., Methods: A systematic electronic literature search was conducted to identify RCTs comparing the use of probiotics with a control in trauma patients. Results were expressed as risk ratios (RRs) or standardized mean differences (SMDs) with accompanying 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The primary outcome measurement was the incidence of nosocomial infections. Secondary outcome measurements included the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, and mortality. The meta-analysis was performed with the fixed-effect or random-effect model according to the heterogeneity., Results: Five studies involving 281 patients met our inclusion criteria. The use of probiotics was associated with a reduction in the incidence of nosocomial infections (5 trials; RR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.45-0.94, P = .02), VAP (3 trials; RR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.42-0.81, P = .001), and length of ICU stay (2 trials; SMD, -0.71; 95% CI, -1.09 to -0.34, P < .001) but no reduction in mortality (4 trials; RR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.32-1.26, P = .19)., Conclusions: The use of probiotics is associated with a reduction in the incidence of nosocomial infections, VAP, and length of ICU stay but is not associated with an overall mortality advantage. However, the results should be interpreted cautiously due to the heterogeneity among study designs. Further large-scale, well-designed RCTs are needed.