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1. Impatiens longyangensis Y.Y.Cong, G.W.Hu & S.Peng, sp. nov. (Figure 1: A–F) Diagnosis: —The new species is morphologically similar to Impatiens shangjiangensis Y.Y.Cong & J.Z.Gu in Gu et al. (2021:197), but can be easily distinguished by having shorter petiole without clavate glands (vs. a pair of clavate glands), ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate (vs. oblong or ovate-oblong) lamina, 2.2–5 cm (vs. 6–13 cm) long peduncle with sparsely puberulent (vs. glabrous) base, ovate (vs. linear or narrowly lanceolate) bract, shortly saccate lower sepal with a longer spur (18.3–24.3 mm vs. 6–11 mm), suborbicular (vs. reniform) dorsal petal and ovate (vs. suborbicular) basal lobes with an acuminate (vs. obtuse) apex. A more detailed morphological comparison of the two species is provided in Table 2. Type: — CHINA. Yunnan, Baoshan City, Longyang District, Mangkuan Township, moist places under the forests, 25°17’42.98”N, 98°46’29.33”E, elev. 2391m, 25 October 2021, Shuai Peng PS-00435 (holotype: HNNU!, isotypes: HNNU!, HIB!). Annual herb, 40–100 cm tall. Stem erect, much branched. Leaves alternate, often aggregated on upper part of stem. Petioles 0.9–1.6 cm long at middle and lower stem, subsessile on upper stem. Lamina 7.3–14.8× 2.1–4.5 cm, ovatelanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, membranous, adaxially green and sparsely puberulent, abaxially gray-green and glabrous, apex long acuminate, base cuneate, margin crenate-serrate, setose between marginal teeth, lateral veins 8–12 pairs. Inflorescences racemose, terminal or axillary, 4–13-flowered; peduncle 2.2–5 cm long, slender, sparsely puberulent at base; pedicels 1.1–2.8 cm long, slender, with a bract at base; bract 2.8–3.5× 2–2.8 mm, ovate, persistent. Flowers pale purple, 3–3.2 cm long. Lateral sepals 2, 4–5× 2.3–3 mm, obliquely ovate, apex acuminate. Lower sepal shortly saccate, 9–11 mm deep excluding spur, 8.5–11.3 mm wide, tip of mouth with a small rostellum, base gradually narrowed into a spur, spur 18.3–24.3 mm long, the distal part of spur strongly recurved and S-shaped; dorsal petal suborbicular, base broadly cuneate, abaxial midvein slightly thickened, 8.3–10.5× 8–10.5 mm; lateral united petals shortly clawed, 2-lobed, basal lobes ovate, 6.5–9.3× 4–6 mm, apex acuminate, distal lobes narrowly dolabriform, 12–18.8× 6.5–8 mm, auricle inflexed. Stamens 5, 7.3–8.3 mm long, filaments linear, free for ca. 1/2 their length; anthers ovoid, joined into a ring surrounding ovary apex, apex obtuse. Ovary superior, 5-carpellate, erect with axile placentation, fusiform, ca 5 mm long. Capsule linear, 2–2.5 cm long, apex acuminate, 5-valved, fleshy. Seeds brown, oblong, ca. 3 mm long. Distribution and ecology:— Impatiens longyangensis is only found in the central Gaoligong Mountains. It grows in moist places under the forests on the roadside at elevations of 2391–2420m. The main associated species included Acer Linnaeus (1753: 1054) sp., Phoebe Nees (1836: 98) sp., Vitis Linnaeus (1753: 202) sp., Rubus Linnaeus (1753: 492) sp. Etymology:—The specific epithet “ longyangensis ” refers to the type locality, Longyang District, Baoshan City, Yunnan Province. The Chinese name is “ ẕșū仙ĸ ”. Phenology:—Flowering and fruiting of this new species is from early September to mid-November. Micromorphological observations:—Seeds: oblong, 2.88 (2.67–3.09) × 1.59 (1.57–1.60) mm, L (long)/W (wide) = 1.81, surface of seed coat with conspicuously elevated cells and irregular granules, elevated epidermal cells unevenly with granular appendages and holes on the surface (Figure 3: A–C). Conservation status:—Two populations composed of ca. 400 individuals have been found in the Gaoligong Mountains National Nature Reserve, where little interference from human activities occurs. But more detailed data from further population investigations are needed.Thus, we recommend that the taxon should be considered of Data Deficient (DD), according to the guidelines made by IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee (2022)., Published as part of Hu, Tian, Peng, Shuai, Zhou, Xin-Xin, Zheng, Yi-Ming, Cong, Yi-Yan & Hu, Guang-Wan, 2022, Two new species of Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) from Gaoligong Mountains, Yunnan, China, pp. 268-278 in Phytotaxa 566 (3) on pages 272-275, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.566.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7137826, {"references":["Gu, J. Z., Yang, N., Peng, Y. C., Song, Y. X., Guo, S. W. & Cong, Y. Y. (2021) Impatiens shangjiangensis (Balsaminaceae), a new species from Yunnan, China. Annales Botanici Fennici 58: 197 - 201. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5735 / 085.058.0401","Linnaeus, C. (1753) Species Plantarum. Salvius, Stockholm, 1200 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 669","Nees, E. (1836) Systema laurinarum. Berolini, Sumptibus Veitii et Sociorum, 720 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 422","IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee (2022) Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 15. Available from: https: // nc. iucnredlist. org / redlist / content / attachment _ files / RedListGuidelines. pdf (accessed January 2022)"]}

Impatiens piufanensis Hook. f. var. villosa G.W. Hu, S.X. Ding & S. Peng, var. nov. (Figure 1) Type. CHINA. Hubei, Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Xianfeng county, Pingbaying township, Jingzhuquan village, elev. 764 m, 30 Jun 2021, S.X. Ding, H. Jiang, F.M. Mutie, E.N. Waswa PBY-399 (holotype: HIB!, isotypes: HIB!, PE!). Diagnosis. This new variety can be distinguished from the nominate variety by its stem, leaves, lateral sepals, lower sepal, and the midvein of upper petal covered by dense white villus and puberulent peduncles and pedicels. Description. Plants perennial, with many orange-yellow tuberous roots. Stem succulent, erect, 20−50 cm tall, whole plant densely white villous; base usually procumbent, branched in upper part, white villous, densely so above; nodes on lower part of stem swollen to tuberiform, densely white pubescent. Leaves alternate, crowded on upper part of stem, petiole short, 0.3−2 cm long; leaf blade ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 6−20 × 3−9 cm, base cuneate, apex acuminate, margin coarsely serrate, teeth mucronulate; lateral veins 8−12 pairs, sparsely tiny spinose on veins, petiole and blade white villous on both surfaces, trichomes denser on veins. Inflorescences racemose, 1−3 flowered, axillary in upper leaves, peduncles longer than petioles, slender, 3.5−5.5 cm long; pedicels 4−5 cm long, bracteate at base, bracts narrowly long lanceolate, ca. 1 cm long; peduncles and pedicels sparsely white villous. Flowers red, ca. 3.5 cm long. Lateral sepals 2, lanceolate, ca. 0.7 mm long, apex long rostellate, abaxially white villous. Lower sepal funnelform, ca. 2.5 cm deep, sparsely or densely white villous and with red striae on both surfaces, narrowed into an inner-curved and slender spur ca. as long as limb at base. Upper petal suborbicular, apex middle concave, 1−1.5 cm in diameter, adaxially red striate; abaxial midvein thickened, densely white villous, carinate, apex curved, mucronulate, lateral united petals 2-lobed with red striae, not clawed, 2−2.5 cm long, basal lobes orbicular, apex obtuse, distal lobes dolabriform, apex rounded. Anthers acute. Ovary erect, 5-carpellate, fusiform, glabrous. Capsule linear, striate, 1−2 cm long, glabrous, pedicels puberulent. Seeds brown, subglobose, ca. 3 mm in diameter, smooth. Fl. Jun−Sep, fr. Jul−Oct. Paratypes. CHINA. Hunan, Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Baojing county, Lüdong Mountain, elev. 1000 m, 31 Aug 2021, H.H. Liu HGW-001494 (HIB!) Distribution and habitat. The new variety is currently known only from Wulingshan Region in Southwestern Hubei and Northwestern Hunan, where I. piufanensis var. piufanensis is also distributed (Figure 2). It grows in moist roadside ditches on the forest margins in mountains at elevations of 700–1000 m. Etymology. The varietal epithet “ villosa ” refers to the long soft hairs on the stem, leaves, peduncles, pedicels, lateral sepals, lower sepal and the midvein of upper petal of the new variety. The Chinese name is “ 多ffi块节凤仙 ″ ”. Phylogenetic analysis. Total genomic DNA of two samples of the new variety and one sample of the nominate variety I. piufanensis were extracted from the dried leaves with Mag-MK Plant Genomic DNA extraction kits (Sangon Biotech, Shanghai) (Janssens et al. 2006). In total, 27 ITS (internal transcribed spacer) DNA sequences (25 taxa) were used to construct a maximum likelihood (ML) phylogenetic tree. Of these, 24 sequences of Impatiens sect. Impatiens species were downloaded from GenBank. The phylogenetic relationship shows that the samples of the new variety and the nominate variety are clustered into a monophyletic clade with strong support. However, neither the two samples of I. piufanensis var. villosa nor the two samples of nominate variety are clustered into a monophyletic clade (Figure 3). Discussion. The phylogenetic analyses support the samples of I. piufanensis var. villosa and I. piufanensis var. piufanensis belong to a species. Morphologically, I. piufanensis var. villosa highly resembles I. piufanensis var. piufanensis in key characters, such as nodes on lower part of stem swollen to tuberiform, funnelform limb of lower sepal ca. as long as spur and lower sepal, upper petal and lateral united petals with red striae. The main difference between the new variety and the nominate variety is the indumentum on several organs like the stems, leaves, peduncles, pedicels, sepals and the midvein of upper petals. Thus, we treat those newly found hairy plants of I. piufanensis as a different variety. According to our field observations, some characters have a broader range of variation than that in the protologue of I. piufanensis (Hooker et al. 1908), such as inflorescences (1–3 flowered vs 1-flowered in the protologue), leaf blade size (3−15 × 1.5−5 cm vs 3−6 × 1.5−2.5 cm in the protologue) and number of lateral veins (4−10 pairs vs 4−5 pairs in the protologue). These variations are shown in Figure 4 (based on Hu et al. HGW-001231, deposited at HIB). The natural distribution center of I. piufanensis var. piufanensis is Wulingshan Region at elevations of 900–2000 m according to the collection records in China and related literature (Chen et al. 2007, Yu 2012), while the new variety is distributed at a lower elevation from 700 m to 1000 m in the same area. Thus, habitat heterogeneity caused by different elevations likely resulted in the variation of I. piufanensis and hence the formation of the new variety., Published as part of Ding, Shi-Xiong, Liu, Hui-Hua, Wang, Ben-Zhong, Peng, Shuai, Jiang, Hui, Mutie, Fredrick Munyao, Waswa, Emmanuel Nyongesa & Hu, Guang-Wan, 2022, Impatiens piufanensis var. villosa (Balsaminaceae), a new variety from Hubei and Hunan, China, pp. 241-246 in Phytotaxa 560 (2) on pages 243-245, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.560.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/7040726, {"references":["Janssens, S., Geuten, K., Yuan, Y. M., Kupfer, P. & Smets, E. (2006) Phylogenetics of Impatiens and Hydrocera using plastid atpB-rbcL spacer sequences. Systematic Botany 31 (1): 171 - 180. https: // doi. org / 10.1600 / 036364406775971796","Hooker, W. J., Bentham, G., Brenan, J. P. M., Green, P. S., Hill, A. W., Hooker, J. D., Hooker, W. J., Oliver, D., Prain, D. D., Salisbury, E. J., Taylor, G. & Thiselton-Dyer, W. T. (1908) Icones plantarum or figures, with brief descriptive characters and remarks, of new or rare plants, selected from the author's herbarium. Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, & Longman, etc., London, 2869 pp.","Chen, Y. L., Akiyama, S. & Ohba, H. (2007) Balsaminaceae. In: Wu, Z. Y., Raven, P. H. (Ed.) Flora of China, vol. 12. Science Press, Beijing & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, pp. 43 - 113.","Yu, S. X. (2012) Balsaminaceae of China. Peking University Press, Beijing, 215 pp."]}

Two new oleanane-type triterpene glycosides, 3-O-β- d -glucuronopyranosyl -echinocystic acid-28-O-β- d -apiofuranosyl-(1→3)[O-β- d -xylopyranosyl)(1→4)]-O- α- l -rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β- l -arabinopranoside (1) and 3-O-β- d -glucurono pyranosyl-echinocystic acid-28-O-β- d -apiofuranosyl-(1→3)[O-β- d -xylopyranosyl -(1→4)]-O-α- l -rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β- d -xylopyranoside (2) along with two known compounds impatienoside G (3) and scaberoside A2 (4), were isolated from an n-butanol fraction of the 50 % aqueous ethanol extract of the rhizome of Impatiens pritzellii var. hupehensis. The compounds were separated by silica gel column chromatography and RP-HPLC. Their structures were elucidated through the analysis of 1D and 2D NMR spectra and HRESIMS data. The T-lymphocyte proliferation activity of the isolated terpenoid saponins was evaluated by using the CCK-8 colorimetric method.

Impatiens tanintharyiensis (Balsaminaceae) is reported in Thailand for the first time from a population in Ngao Waterfall National Park, Ranong Province. This population differs from that at the type locality in Myanmar by having smaller, purple flowers (vs bigger purplish-pink flowers). An expanded description of this taxon and colour photographs are provided.

The taxonomic identity of Impatiens laxiflora Edgew. is assessed historically and the name I. leggei Pusalkar & D.K.Singh is found conspecific and synonymized. The species commonly treated in China...

Impatiens cothurnoides C.E.C.Fisch. (Balsaminaceae) is rediscovered after a gap of nearly 90 years in the Garo Hills of Meghalaya, North-East India. A detailed description and photographic illustra...

—The karst area in South China is notable for its fragile vegetation and unique flora with many narrow endemic species, and is one of the most threatened biodiversity hotspots in the world. However, the biodiversity of acid soil areas scattered in the karst area have previously been underestimated. With a recent increase of new discoveries of plants and animals, the conservation of biodiversity in these acid soil areas has become urgent. This study deals with a new species, Impatiens longlinensis. The new species is similar to I. yui and I. lasiophyton in having pubescence, two lateral sepals, funnelform lower sepal, and linear capsule. But it can be distinguished by having orbicular to obovate dorsal sepals and oblong to elliptic lower and upper lobes of lateral united petals. Moreover, molecular data and micro-morphological evidence also support that the species is new to science. The new species is only known from a valley near the summit of Mt. Jinzhongshan within an area of less than 5 km2. Based on the Red List categories and criteria developed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature, and the threat posed by exploitation for tourism development, we categorize it as Critically Endangered (CR).

Impatiens palniensis and I.tamilnadense are two new species described and illustrated from the Western Ghats of Tamil Nadu, India. Impatiens palniensis collected from Palni hills (Kodaikkanal Wildlife Sanctuary) whereas I. tamilnadense from Megamalai Wildlife Sanctuary. The detailed description of both taxa along with diagnostic characters between closely allied species, conservation status, pollen morphology and colour photographs are provided.

Ongoing changes in temperature and precipitation regime may have a strong impact on vulnerable life-history stages such as germination, especially in alpine regions. Differences in germination patterns among species and populations may reflect their adaptation to conditions of their origin or may be determined by the phylogenetic constraints. These two effects are, however, rarely separated. All the germination patterns may also be modified by seed mass. We studied 40 populations of 14 species of Impatiens coming from different elevations in the Himalayas. Three home site temperatures were simulated and one warmer temperature according to a climate change scenario were used. We also studied the combined effect of shorter stratification and warmer temperature as another possible effect of climate change. Interactions of home site and germination conditions affected total germination and germination speed, but not seed dormancy. Seed mass and home site conditions’ interaction indicated different germination strategies in light and heavy seeds. Only seed mass was affected by phylogenetic relationships among the species, while germination response (except T30) was driven primarily by home site conditions. This study is the first to show that the effect of seed mass interacts with home site conditions in determining species’ germination patterns under changing climate. The differences in seed mass are thus likely crucial for species’ ability to adapt to novel conditions since seed mass, unlike seed germination patterns, is strongly phylogenetically constrained. Further studies exploring how seed mass modifies species’ germination under changing climate are needed to confirm generalisability of these findings.

Impatiens balsamina L. is a tropical ornamental and traditional medicinal herb rich in natural compounds, especially 2-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (MNQ) which is a bioactive compound with tested anticancer activities. Characterization of key genes involved in the shikimate and 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoate (DHNA) pathways responsible for MNQ biosynthesis and their expression profiles in I. balsamina will facilitate adoption of genetic/metabolic engineering or synthetic biology approaches to further increase production for pre-commercialization. In this study, HPLC analysis showed that MNQ was present in significantly higher quantities in the capsule pericarps throughout three developmental stages (early-, mature- and postbreaker stages) whilst its immediate precursor, 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (lawsone) was mainly detected in mature leaves. Transcriptomes of I. balsamina derived from leaf, flower, and three capsule developmental stages were generated, totalling 59.643 Gb of raw reads that were assembled into 94,659 unigenes (595,828 transcripts). A total of 73.96% of unigenes were functionally annotated against seven public databases and 50,786 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Expression profiles of 20 selected genes from four major secondary metabolism pathways were studied and validated using qRT-PCR method. Majority of the DHNA pathway genes were found to be significantly upregulated in early stage capsule compared to flower and leaf, suggesting tissue-specific synthesis of MNQ. Correlation analysis identified 11 candidate unigenes related to three enzymes (NADH-quinone oxidoreductase, UDP-glycosyltransferases and S-adenosylmethionine-dependent O-methyltransferase) important in the final steps of MNQ biosynthesis based on genes expression profiles consistent with MNQ content. This study provides the first molecular insight into the dynamics of MNQ biosynthesis and accumulation across different tissues of I. balsamina and serves as a valuable resource to facilitate further manipulation to increase production of MNQ.

To evaluate the hypothesis of competitive superiority of invasive species, we compared the invasive Impatiens parviflora DC. and I. Glandulifera royle, the naturalized I. Nevskii pobed. and the native I. Noli-tangere L. in the flowers’ morphometric characters at different phases of anthesis. The characters in which alien species have a competitive superiority over closely related I. Noli-tangere are revealed. Morphological variability was studied by morphometric observations of the following characters: bud: length and diameter; spurred sepal: length and width; spur: length and diameter; lateral sepal: length and width; largest petal: length and death; large lobe of lateral petal: length and width; small lobe of lateral petal: length and width; anther: length; stamen’s filament: length; calyptra: length and width; ovary: length and diameter; length of a style, length of a stigma. There is a tendency for alien Impatiens species of the earlier development of androecium and gynoecium: сaliptra is formed at the stage of uncolored bud, the pistil is differentiated in ovary, short style and stigma is formed at the stage of colored bud. No other flowers’ morphometric characters, representing competitive advantage of the invasive I. Glandulifera and I. Parviflora over the native I. Noli-tangere and naturalized I. Nevskii were identified.

Over the past 15 years, downy mildew became the most destructive foliar disease in cultivated Impatiens species (Balsaminaceae) worldwide. A previous study had revealed that the causal agent was not Plasmopara obducens (Oomycota, Peronosporales) but Plasmopara destructor on Impatiens walleriana, and Plasmopara velutina on Impatiens balsamina. This hints to a relatively high degree of specialization of Plasmopara on Balsaminaceae. Therefore, it was the aim of the present study to perform multigene phylogenetic analysis and detailed morphological investigation for several Korean downy mildew samples parasitic to cultivated I. walleriana, and I. balsamina, but also to a northeast Asian wild plant, Impatiens textori. It was revealed that I. textori harbors a new species, which is introduced and described here as Plasmopara elegantissima.

Diabetes is a notorious and growing clinical and public health issue. The International Diabetes Federation assumes that 592 million had diabetes by 2035 and that by 2040 the number will increase to 642 million. Cardiovascular corollary accounts for four million deaths annually attributable to diabetes. Evidence reveals that certain glucose-lowering phytochemicals can improve vascular outcomes with type 2 diabetes, which, together with better understanding of using multiple therapies concurrently, offers opportunities for beneficial personalization of medication regimens. Anthocyanins are coloured pigments and are natural antioxidants. Keeping this in focus, this study was undertaken to evaluate the in vitro antidiabetic activity in the petals of wild Impatiens balsamina L. The anthocyanin was extracted from floral petals of wild balsam species and purified to homogeneity using chromatographic techniques. Evaluation of in vitro antidiabetic properties of anthocyanin extract revealed a dose-dependent increase in the inhibitory effect on the alpha-glucosidase (200 μg/ml) and alpha-amylase enzymes (500 μg/ml) and was comparable with the standard acarbose drug (189 μg/ml and 50 μg/ml). These results indicated that anthocyanin could be used as a source of functional food and nutraceuticals. This information from wild species will be useful in finding more potent antidiabetic principle from the natural resources for the clinical development of antidiabetic therapeutics. Future studies are planned to substantiate the antidiabetic power of anthocyanin using in vivo animal models. Keywords: Alpha amylase, alpha glucosidase, diabetes, herbal remedies, Impatiens balsamina L.

Two new balsams (Impatiens), I. tirbinensis and I. shiyomiensis are described from Arunachal Pradesh, India. Species shows affinities towards I. drepanophora and I. rugosipetala but distinct in many attributes. Detailed descriptions, distribution, ecology and colour photographs of the new species are provided along with the comparison of I. drepanophora.

Impatiens kurichiarmalayana Saravanan & Kaliamoorthy, sp. nov. (Figure 2) Impatiens kurichiarmalayana is similar to I. mankulamensis K. M. P. Kumar, R. Jagad. & Nagaraj (2017: 281) and I. panduranganii K. M. P. Kumar, R. Jagad. & G. Prasad (2017: 285) in having common characters viz., rosulate leaves, umbellate cyme inflorescence, unequally bilobed wing petals and shorter basal lobes. But differs from I. mankulamensis by having ovate-lanceolate leaves (vs elliptic, lanceolate-oblanceolate in I. mankulamensis), lateral sepals white with dark purple tinges at the apex (vs white with brown tinges at tip in I. mankulamensis), dorsal petal white (vs pale purple in I. mankulamensis), presence of dorsal auricle (vs absence in I. mankulamensis) and absence of spur (vs present in I. mankulamensis); Impatiens kurichiarmalayana also differs from I. panduranganii by having white flowers with dark purple spot at the base of the wing petals (vs white with light purple dots in I. panduranganii), dorsal petal keeled at apex (vs not keeled in I. panduranganii), distal lobe spreading and broadly obovate (vs not spreading and shoe shaped in I. panduranganii), lower sepal white with yellow mark at middle and dark brown streaks horizontally (vs white with yellow tinges in I. panduranganii) (Table 2). Type:— INDIA. Kerala: Wayanad District, Kurichiarmala Reserve Forest, 11º36’2”N, 75º57’57”E, 1200–1320 m, 11 December 2019, Saravanan & Kaliamoorthy 136030 (holotype & isotype MH!). Epiphytic tuberous herbs. Stem simple, erect, to 19.5 cm tall, succulent, yellowish green in lower portion, distally reddish purple, leaves bearing portion greenish, glabrous. Tubers ca 0.9 × 0.5 cm, oblong, pale brownish white. Leaves crowned at top; lamina 0.9–2.6 × 0.4–1.2 cm, elliptic-ovate to lanceolate, obtuse or apiculate to retuse at apex, attenuate at base, apiculate-crenate at margins, light green and hairy only on nerves adaxially, purplish green and glabrous abaxially; lateral nerves 3–4 pairs; petioles 1.1–2.5 cm long, purplish, glabrous. Inflorescence a subumbellate racemes; peduncle 7.5–9.7 cm long, 3–4-flowered, dark purplish red, glabrous. Flowers 1.7–1.9 cm across, white with dark purple spots at base of distal and basal lobes, glabrous; pedicels ca 0.9 cm long, purplish green, glabrous; bracts ca 0.4 × 0.1 cm, ovate to oblong-lanceolate, acuminate and mucronate at apex, concave, pale greenish with purple lines, glabrous; lateral sepals ca 0.5 × 0.2 cm, elliptic-oblong, acuminate and mucronate at apex, slightly concave, mid nerve pale purplish with dark purple apex; dorsal petal ca 0.6 × 0.3 cm, broadly ovate-orbicular, obtuse, concave, margins wavy, dorsally keeled; keel mucronate at apex; mucro ca 0.1 cm long; wing petals unequally 2-lobed, 1.5–1.7 × 0.5–0.7 cm; claw 0.3–0.4 cm long, glabrous; basal lobe much smaller than distal lobe, ca 0.5 × 0.2 cm, triangular-ovate in outline, acute-acuminate at apex; distal lobe ca 1.2 × 0.5 cm, broadly obovate, obtuse to truncate at apex, notched towards inner side much below the apex; dorsal auricle ca 0.1 cm long, triangular, obtuse at apex, yellowish; lower sepal saccate, ca 0.6 × 0.4 cm, ca 0.2–0.3 cm deep, ovate, obtuse and mucronate at apex, white with yellowish mark at middle, and dark purple streaks horizontally; spur absent; stamens ca 0.4 × 0.2 cm, slightly curved; filaments 5, ca 0.3 × 0.1 cm, creamy white; anthers ca 0.1 × 0.1 cm; ovary ca 0.2 × 0.1 cm, glabrous. Capsules 0.7–1.0 × 0.2–0.3 cm, ellipsoid-clavate, greenish, glabrous; seeds minute, 0.1 cm long, sub-globose, pale yellow, with short white hairs scattered all over the surface. Phenology:—Flowering & fruiting: June–September. Ecology:—Growing on moss covered wet tree trunks in evergreen forests, in association with Bulbophyllum fischeri Seidenf. (1974: 202), Eria albiflora Rolfe (1893: 170) and Oberonia brunoniana Wight (1851: 1622), at an elevation of 1319 m. Conservation Status:— Impatiens kurichiarmalayana is only known from the type locality with about 10–15 mature individuals. The population is well conserved within the boundaries of protected forest areas. However, considering the lesser number of individuals in a single population size distributed in an area of hardly 0.3 km, the species described here is assessed as Critically Endangered (CE) by applying the criterion d (IUCN 2019). Etymology:—The specific epithet is named after the type locality, Kurichiarmala evergreen forests, Wayanad district, Kerala, India. Notes:— Impatiens kurichiarmalayana shows also similarities with I. travancorica Bedd. (1874: 29), in having a rosulate leaves, sub-umbellate raceme inflorescence, white flowers with dark purple patches near the base of the wing petals, sub-globose seeds with short hairs all over, but differs by its habit (Epiphytic tuberous herbs in I. kurichiarmalayana vs annual herbs in I. travancorica), size and shape of the lateral sepals (elliptic-oblong in I. kurichiarmalayana vs obliquely ovate in I. travancorica), dorsal petal (broadly ovate-orbicular in I. kurichiarmalayana vs cucullate in I. travancorica), dorsal auricle (present in I. kurichiarmalayana vs absent in I. travancorica) and spur (absent in I. kurichiarmalayana vs present in I. travancorica)., Published as part of Saravanan, Thokuluva Santharam & Kaliamoorthy, Seventhilingam, 2022, Two new epiphytic species of Impatiens L. (Balsaminaceae) from the southern Western Ghats, India, pp. 107-114 in Phytotaxa 552 (1) on pages 110-111, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.552.1.10, http://zenodo.org/record/6673132, {"references":["IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee (2019) Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List categories and Criteria. Version 14. Available from: http: // www. iucnredlist. org / documents / RedListGuidelines. pdf (accessed 10 November 2020)"]}

With the aim of evaluating the antigerminative activity of plant extracts, a miniaturized assay using 96-well plates (WP assay) was developed and compared to the long-established assay using Petri dishes (PD assay). The WP assay yielded results comparable to those of the PD assay using an ethanolic extract of the Himalayan balsam and lawsone as a standard. It also allowed the needed volume of the test solution to be cut by half and the number of required cress seeds to be cut by more than 1.5. The WP assay was then successfully applied to various extracts of Himalayan balsam, molecules (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), glyphosate, and 2-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (2-MNQ)) and target seeds (radish, lettuce, and wheat). By being adapted to a 96-well plate format, the antigerminative WP assay is a promising alternative to the PD assay. Besides, its convenience and low resource consumption make it ready for accelerated and high-throughput screening, as well as automation.

Impatiens mildbraedii Gilg — Habit: Herb. Habitat: LMWF; 2 200–2 600 m. Distribution: II. Voucher: Irangi Forest, Alt. 2 134 m, 15 Aug. 2015, SAJIT 004023 (HIB). References: Grey-Wilson (1982), Bussmann (1994), Bussmann & Beck (1995a, 1999), Agnew (2013)., Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 70, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464, {"references":["Grey-Wilson, C. (1982) Balsaminaceae. In: Polhill, R. M. (Ed.) Flora of Tropical East Africa. A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam, 76 pp.","Bussmann, R. W. (1994) The forest of Mt. Kenya (Kenya): Vegetation, ecology, destruction and management of a tropical mountain forest ecosystem. Ph. D. dissertation, Universitat Bayreuth Startseite, Bayreuth, 252 pp.","Bussmann, R. W. & Beck, E. (1995 a) The forests of Mt. Kenya (Kenya), a phytosociological synopsis. Phytocoenologia 25 (4): 467 - 560. https: // doi. org / 10.1127 / phyto / 25 / 1995 / 467","Bussmann, R. W. & Beck, E. (1999) Vegetation units of Mt. Kenya Forest Reserve: Comment. In: Bitok (Ed.) Vegetations-okologosche, ethnobotanische und faunistische Beitrage uber Aquatorial-Afrika. Bayreuther Forum Okologie 64. Bayreuther Forum Okologie, Bayreuth, pp. 17 - 28.","Agnew, A. D. Q. (2013) Upland Kenya wild flowers and ferns, 3 rd edn. Nature Kenya Publications, Nairobi, 733 pp."]}

Impatiens hoehnelii T.C.E.Fr. — Habit: Herb. Habitat: LMWF, LMDF, BZ, UMF, HZ; 1 400–3 400 m. Distribution: IIIb. Voucher: Kamweti Track, Alt. 3 175 m, 2 Feb. 2015, SAJIT 003076 (HIB). References: Grey-Wilson (1982), Bussmann (1993, 1994, 2006), Bussmann & Beck (1995a, 1998, 1999), Agnew (2013)., Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 70, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464, {"references":["Grey-Wilson, C. (1982) Balsaminaceae. In: Polhill, R. M. (Ed.) Flora of Tropical East Africa. A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam, 76 pp.","Bussmann, R. W. (1993) The forest of Mt. Kenya (Kenya): A phytosociological approach with special reference to ecological problems. Ph. D. Thesis, Eberhard Karls Universitat Tubingen, Tubingen, 119 pp.","Bussmann, R. W. (1994) The forest of Mt. Kenya (Kenya): Vegetation, ecology, destruction and management of a tropical mountain forest ecosystem. Ph. D. dissertation, Universitat Bayreuth Startseite, Bayreuth, 252 pp.","Bussmann, R. W. (2006) Vegetation zonation and nomenclature of African Mountains: An overview. Lyonia 11 (1): 41 - 46.","Bussmann, R. W. & Beck, E. (1995 a) The forests of Mt. Kenya (Kenya), a phytosociological synopsis. Phytocoenologia 25 (4): 467 - 560. https: // doi. org / 10.1127 / phyto / 25 / 1995 / 467","Bussmann, R. W. & Beck, E. (1998) The plant communities of the forests of Mount Kenya - First phytosociological and ecological data. In: Ojany, F. F. (Ed.) African mountains and highlands - planning for sustainable use of mountain resources. United Nations University, Tokyo, pp. 96 - 107.","Bussmann, R. W. & Beck, E. (1999) Vegetation units of Mt. Kenya Forest Reserve: Comment. In: Bitok (Ed.) Vegetations-okologosche, ethnobotanische und faunistische Beitrage uber Aquatorial-Afrika. Bayreuther Forum Okologie 64. Bayreuther Forum Okologie, Bayreuth, pp. 17 - 28.","Agnew, A. D. Q. (2013) Upland Kenya wild flowers and ferns, 3 rd edn. Nature Kenya Publications, Nairobi, 733 pp."]}

Impatiens meruensis Gilg subsp. cruciata (T.C.E.Fr.) Grey-Wilson — Habit: Herb. Habitat: LMWF, LMDF, BZ, UMF; up to 3 300 m. Distribution: IIIa. Voucher: Upper Imenti Forest, Alt. 2 448 m, 7 Aug. 2015, SAJIT 003181 (HIB). References: Bussmann (1993, 1994), Bussmann & Beck (1995a, 1998), Agnew (2013)., Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 70, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464, {"references":["Bussmann, R. W. (1993) The forest of Mt. Kenya (Kenya): A phytosociological approach with special reference to ecological problems. Ph. D. Thesis, Eberhard Karls Universitat Tubingen, Tubingen, 119 pp.","Bussmann, R. W. (1994) The forest of Mt. Kenya (Kenya): Vegetation, ecology, destruction and management of a tropical mountain forest ecosystem. Ph. D. dissertation, Universitat Bayreuth Startseite, Bayreuth, 252 pp.","Bussmann, R. W. & Beck, E. (1995 a) The forests of Mt. Kenya (Kenya), a phytosociological synopsis. Phytocoenologia 25 (4): 467 - 560. https: // doi. org / 10.1127 / phyto / 25 / 1995 / 467","Bussmann, R. W. & Beck, E. (1998) The plant communities of the forests of Mount Kenya - First phytosociological and ecological data. In: Ojany, F. F. (Ed.) African mountains and highlands - planning for sustainable use of mountain resources. United Nations University, Tokyo, pp. 96 - 107.","Agnew, A. D. Q. (2013) Upland Kenya wild flowers and ferns, 3 rd edn. Nature Kenya Publications, Nairobi, 733 pp."]}

Impatiens hochstetteri Warb. — Habit: Herb. Habitat: LMWF; up to 2 800 m. Distribution: II. Voucher: Near Castle Camp Site, Alt. 2071 m, 30 Jan. 2015, SAJIT 002994 (HIB). References: Grey-Wilson (1982), Bussmann (1994), Agnew (2013)., Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 70, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464, {"references":["Grey-Wilson, C. (1982) Balsaminaceae. In: Polhill, R. M. (Ed.) Flora of Tropical East Africa. A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam, 76 pp.","Bussmann, R. W. (1994) The forest of Mt. Kenya (Kenya): Vegetation, ecology, destruction and management of a tropical mountain forest ecosystem. Ph. D. dissertation, Universitat Bayreuth Startseite, Bayreuth, 252 pp.","Agnew, A. D. Q. (2013) Upland Kenya wild flowers and ferns, 3 rd edn. Nature Kenya Publications, Nairobi, 733 pp."]}

Impatiens rubromaculata Warb. — Habit: Herb. Habitat: LMWF, LMDF, HZ; 1 800–3 000 m. Distribution: II. Voucher: Chogoria Track, Alt. 2 300 m, 14 Oct. 1985, Beentje 2467 (WAG). Reference: Bussmann (1993)., Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 70, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464, {"references":["Bussmann, R. W. (1993) The forest of Mt. Kenya (Kenya): A phytosociological approach with special reference to ecological problems. Ph. D. Thesis, Eberhard Karls Universitat Tubingen, Tubingen, 119 pp."]}

Impatiens tinctoria A.Rich. subsp. elegantissima (Gilg) Grey-Wilson — Habit: Herb. Habitat: LMWF, LMDF, BZ; 1 700–3 700 m. Distribution: IIIa. Voucher: Near Ontulili Forest Station, Alt. 2 178 m, 5 Aug. 2015, SAJIT 003142 (HIB). References: Grey-Wilson (1982), Bussmann (1993, 1994), Bussmann & Beck (1995a), Agnew (2013)., Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 70, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464, {"references":["Grey-Wilson, C. (1982) Balsaminaceae. In: Polhill, R. M. (Ed.) Flora of Tropical East Africa. A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam, 76 pp.","Bussmann, R. W. (1993) The forest of Mt. Kenya (Kenya): A phytosociological approach with special reference to ecological problems. Ph. D. Thesis, Eberhard Karls Universitat Tubingen, Tubingen, 119 pp.","Bussmann, R. W. (1994) The forest of Mt. Kenya (Kenya): Vegetation, ecology, destruction and management of a tropical mountain forest ecosystem. Ph. D. dissertation, Universitat Bayreuth Startseite, Bayreuth, 252 pp.","Bussmann, R. W. & Beck, E. (1995 a) The forests of Mt. Kenya (Kenya), a phytosociological synopsis. Phytocoenologia 25 (4): 467 - 560. https: // doi. org / 10.1127 / phyto / 25 / 1995 / 467","Agnew, A. D. Q. (2013) Upland Kenya wild flowers and ferns, 3 rd edn. Nature Kenya Publications, Nairobi, 733 pp."]}

Impatiens fischeri Warb. — Habit: Herb. Habitat: LMWF, LMDF, BZ; 1 800–3 100 m. Distribution: IIIb. Voucher: Near Castle Camp Site, Alt. 2071 m, 30 Jan. 2015, SAJIT 002993 (HIB). References: Grey-Wilson (1982), Blundell (1987), Bussmann (1993, 1994), Bussmann & Beck (1995a), Agnew (2013)., Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 70, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464, {"references":["Grey-Wilson, C. (1982) Balsaminaceae. In: Polhill, R. M. (Ed.) Flora of Tropical East Africa. A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam, 76 pp.","Blundell, M. (1987) Collins guide to the wild flowers of East Africa. Collins, London, 464 pp.","Bussmann, R. W. (1993) The forest of Mt. Kenya (Kenya): A phytosociological approach with special reference to ecological problems. Ph. D. Thesis, Eberhard Karls Universitat Tubingen, Tubingen, 119 pp.","Bussmann, R. W. (1994) The forest of Mt. Kenya (Kenya): Vegetation, ecology, destruction and management of a tropical mountain forest ecosystem. Ph. D. dissertation, Universitat Bayreuth Startseite, Bayreuth, 252 pp.","Bussmann, R. W. & Beck, E. (1995 a) The forests of Mt. Kenya (Kenya), a phytosociological synopsis. Phytocoenologia 25 (4): 467 - 560. https: // doi. org / 10.1127 / phyto / 25 / 1995 / 467","Agnew, A. D. Q. (2013) Upland Kenya wild flowers and ferns, 3 rd edn. Nature Kenya Publications, Nairobi, 733 pp."]}

Impatiens pseudoviola Gilg — Habit: Herb. Habitat: LMWF; 1 500–3 300 m. Distribution: IIIa. Voucher: Thungura Hill Forest, Alt. 1 966 m, 10 Aug. 2015, SAJIT 003962 (HIB). References: Grey-Wilson (1982), Bussmann (1994), Agnew (2013)., Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 70, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464, {"references":["Grey-Wilson, C. (1982) Balsaminaceae. In: Polhill, R. M. (Ed.) Flora of Tropical East Africa. A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam, 76 pp.","Bussmann, R. W. (1994) The forest of Mt. Kenya (Kenya): Vegetation, ecology, destruction and management of a tropical mountain forest ecosystem. Ph. D. dissertation, Universitat Bayreuth Startseite, Bayreuth, 252 pp.","Agnew, A. D. Q. (2013) Upland Kenya wild flowers and ferns, 3 rd edn. Nature Kenya Publications, Nairobi, 733 pp."]}

Impatiens jacobdevlasii Herath, C. Bandara & Gopallawa sp. nov. (Figs. 1‒3 & 4 I–P) Type:— SRI LANKA, Central Province, Kandy District, Dothalugala Mountain, on the ground among rocks and mosses along stream, 1375 m a.s.l., 13 October 2018, Sanath Herath & Champika Bandara 2018-05. (holotype PDA!); Central Province, Kandy District, Thangappuwa –Alugallena nature trail, along shady embankments of the trail, 1512 m a.s.l., 02 June 2019, NBS/2019/ OL / TGP/009. (paratype PDA!). Diagnosis: Impatiens jacobdevlasii morphologically similar to I. truncata but differs by having pinkish or purplish color flowers with pink margin, bilobed upper petal of lateral united petals and yellow color centre blotch, linearlanceolate lateral sepal, 4–6 lateral nerve pairs, abaxially scattered pubescent and adaxially glabrous lamina. Description: Herb, Perennial, 30–60 cm tall; stem pale greenish, swollen at nodes, cylindrical, glabrous. Leaves simple, spirally arranged, lower part often naked and often crowded towards apex of stem, petiolate; Petiole ca. 2–3 cm long, glabrous, pale green; stipule minute, ca. 0.5–1 mm. Lamina lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, 2–8 (–10) × 1.5–3.5 (–4.5) cm, base subattenuate, acuminate at apex; adaxially dark green color with scattered minute hairs, abaxially pale green, glabrous, margin crenate or serrate with a single narrow tooth; setulose in between marginal teeth. Lateral nerves in 4–6 (–7) pairs, sub-opposite, prominent. Flowers solitary in the upper leaf axils, simple, pale pinkish or purplish with pink margins and rarely white. Peduncle 2.5–3.5 cm long, thin, pale green, scattered pubescent. Lateral sepals 2, linear-lanceolate, 3.5–4 × 0.7–0.9 mm, glabrous, slightly curved, pale green, pinkish towards apex, margins entire. Lower sepal 13–15 × 6–8 mm, navicular, white externally and internally with yellow patch at the centre, 1 mm long mucronate at apex; spur 3–4 mm long, pale yellowish, straight, cylindrical. Dorsal petal cucullate, 9–10 × 6–7 mm, concave, dorsally with a narrow crest terminating in a short pointed appendage, ca. 1.5–2 mm. Lateral petals united, 20–25 × 8–10 mm, 2-lobed; base of united lateral petals with yellowish blotch, upper petals about one-third the size of the lower petals; upper petal 7–9 × 5–7 mm, apex equally bilobed, pinkish or purplish shade towards apex and yellowish blotch in the centre; lower petal 15–18 × 8–10 mm, semi-oval, often notched at apex, base and inner margin of the distal lobes with minute pinkish or whitish ridge of papillae. Androecium 4–5 × 2 mm, glabrous, white. Stamens 5, connate, surrounding gynoecium. Filament ca. 1 mm, glabrous, white; style glabrous, ca. 0.5 mm long. Capsule green, 10–12 × 5–7 mm, broadly fusiform, 5-angled, pilosulose, apex acute, rostellate, fleshy; Seeds 1–4, 5–7 × 3–5 mm, obovoid, slightly compressed. Distribution: Impatiens jacobdevlasii is known from Dothalugala Mountain and Thangappuwa area in Knuckles massif of Sri Lanka. Habitat and ecology: Impatiens jacobdevlasii is known only from two locations in South-eastern region of Knuckles massif. Small populations of this species are distributed in the reported area. The overall number of mature individuals is estimated as ˂ 80 in the both populations from field observation. Both locations are belongs to lower montane evergreen forests at elevation of 1300–1500 m a.s.l. (Gunatilleke and Ashton 1987). One population was recorded from Dothalugala Mountain (1375 m a.s.l.) with ˂30 individuals and other from Thangappuwa (1512 m a.s.l.), population comprise with 2–3 subpopulations; 10–15 individuals per each. The new species is usually found on the ground among mosses and rock boulders along streams. This species mostly refer well-shaded forest cover and associated species are Rhynchoglossum notonianum (Wall) B.L. Burtt (1962: 170), Strobilanthes sexennis Nees (1837: 312), Ophiorrhiza pectinata Arnott (1836: 338), Phaius wallichii Lindle (1831: 46) and Begonia malabarica Lamarck (1785: 393). In the wild, this new species facing threat of extinction due to the low number of plants representing the entire population, population decline and its limited distribution. Dothalugala population shows significant decrease through the 2016–2022 period, approximately 80% of the population. The habitats of the new species associated with existing nature trails in Knuckles mountains (Bambaradeniya & Ekanayake 2003). Dothalugala population located near a stream in existing Deanston–Dothalugala nature trail and Thangappuwa population located in wet, rocky surfaces along the existing Thangappuwa–Alugallena nature trail. Any situation in road clearing, weeding, constructions or maintaining, authorities should focus the attentions for management and further conservation attempts on this new species. Thus, I. jacobdevlasii has a great potential for horticultural applications due to its wide color range of flowers (Fig. 3) and few plants were cultivated at Royal Botanical Garden, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka. Phenology: Flowering and fruiting all around the year. Etymology: The specific epithet is named in honour of Dr. Jacob de Vlas, a Dutch biologist and the author of the tri-volume series of the ‘Illustrated field guide to the flowers of Sri Lanka’ in 2008–2019 documenting over 3000 native and introduced species of the Island. The common name for the species is Vlas’s balsam. Proposed IUCN conservation assessment: Based on current knowledge, the Extent of Occurrence (EOO) and Area of Occupancy (AOO) was estimated using GeoCAT (Moat 2007) as ~ 2 km 2 and 12 km 2 respectively. From the available data, we classify I. jacobdevlasii as ‘Critically Endangered’ (CR: B1+B2b (ii,iii,v); C2a (i,ii); D) in accordance with IUCN guidelines (IUCN 2019). Additional specimens examined: SRI LANKA. Impatiens truncata:—MATALE DISTRICT: Midlands Estate to Laggala, 700 m a.s.l., Nov. 1978, Grey-Wilson & Silva 3002 (PDA!); Matale to Illukkumbura road, July 1974, Sumithraarachchi 418 (PDA!). KANDY DISTRICT: Corbet’s Gap, Rangala to Looloowatte (Loolwatte), 1300 m a.s.l., September 1969, Grupe 237 (PDA!); Kalupahana Forest, Knuckles Mts., 1250 m a.s.l., July 1973, Jayasuriya & Balasubramaniam 1220 (PDA!); Hantana, s. coll. C. P . 2426, pro parte (PDA!);. NUWARA ELIYA DISTRICT: between Ramboda and Nuwara Eliya, 1500 m a.s.l., Nov. 1978, Grey-Wilson & Wickramasinghe 3035 (PDA!); Pattipola to Farr Inn, Horton Plains, Nov. 1973, Sohmer, Jayasuriya & Eliezer 8523 (PDA!). Impatiens jacobdevlasii:— KANDY DISTRICT: Thangappuwa–Alugallena nature trail, Knuckles Mt., 1540 m a.s.l., December 2019, Champika Bandara & Shashee Dilrukshi 2019-13 (PDA!), Published as part of Bandara, Champika, Herath, Sanath Bandara, Gopallawa, Bhathiya & Attanayake, Achala, 2022, Impatiens jacobdevlasii (Balsaminaceae), a new species from Knuckles massif of Sri Lanka, pp. 181-187 in Phytotaxa 543 (3) on pages 182-186, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.543.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/6460323, {"references":["Gunatilleke, C. V. S., Ashton, P. S. (1987) New light on the plant geography of Ceylon. II. The ecological biogeography of the lowland endemic tree flora. Journal of Biogeography 14 (4): 295 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 2844940","Arnott, G. A. W. (1836) New species of Indian Balsaminaceae. Companion to the Botanical magazine 1: 320 - 325.","Bambaradeniya, C. N. B. & Ekanayake, S. P. (2003) A Guide to the Biodiversity of Knuckles Forest Region. IUCN - The World Conservation Union, Sri Lanka Country Office, Colombo, Sri Lanka. vi + 68 pp.","Moat, J. (2007) Conservation assessment tools extension for Arc View 3. x, version 1.2. GIS Unit, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available from: http: // www. rbgkew. org. uk / gis / cats (accessed 10 January 2020)","IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee (2019) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee; https: // www. iucnredlist. org / documents / RedListGuidelines. pdf (accessed on 12 December 2019)"]}

Two double stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) that likely represent the genome of an alphapartitivirus, tentatively named "impatiens cryptic virus 1" (ICV1), were recovered from Impatiens balsamina L. RNA1 (2008 bp) codes for the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of ICV1, which shares83% amino acid sequence identity with the RdRps of other alphapartitiviruses. RNA2 (1906 bp) codes for the coat protein (CP) of ICV1, which shares60% amino acid sequence identity with the CPs of other alphapartitiviruses. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that ICV1 is closely related to plant alphapartitiviruses, including vicia cryptic virus, beet cryptic virus 1, carrot cryptic virus, and white clover cryptic virus 1. Using primers specific for RNA1 or RNA2, ICV1 could be detected in I. balsamina from various parts of China.