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Följande uppsats är en undersökning av ett antal svenskars inställning till-/ och kunskap om byggnadsvård. Informationsinhämtning till uppsatsen har skett via en webbenkät och en intervju med representanter från Svenska Byggnadsvårdsföreningen. Enkätsvaren har analyserats med hjälp Huuhka och Vestergaard’s teori om byggnadsvård och cirkulär ekonomi och av tidigare utförd forskning. Enkätsvaren har granskats tillsammans med svaren på enkätens huvudfråga ”Besitter du kunskap kring byggnadsvård?”. En majoritet av respondenterna, 61%, uppskattar att de besitter kunskap om byggnadsvård. 31% uppgav att de inte innehar någon kunskap om ämnet och ca 8 % svarade att de är ”Osäker på vad byggnadsvård innebär”. Resultatet visar en trend bland respondenterna till ökat intresse för återbruk och på så sätt även cirkulär ekonomi., The following essay is an investigation of a number of Swedes' attitudes towards-/ and knowledge of building preservation. Information gathering for the essay has taken place via a web survey and an interview with The Swedish Association for Building Preservation (Svenska Byggnadsvårdsföreningen). Analysis of the survey responses has been carried out using Huuhka and Vestergaard's theory of building preservation and circular economy, of previous research and the survey responses have been reviewed together with the answers to the survey's main question "Do you have knowledge about building preservation?". A majority of the respondents, 61%, stated when asked that they have knowledge of building preservation. 31% stated that they have no knowledge of the subject and about 8% answered that they are "Unsure of what building preservation entails". The result shows a trend among the respondents towards increased interest in recycling and thus also the circular economy.

Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur studie- och yrkesvägledare upplever elevernas valkompetens samt hur studie- och yrkesvägledare arbetar för att främja elevernas valkompetens. Frågeställningarna lyder: Hur upplever studie- och yrkesvägledare elevernas valkompetens på introduktionsprogrammet?Hur arbetar studie- och yrkesvägledare med elevernas valkompetens på introduktionsprogrammet? Vår studie avgränsar sig till studie- och yrkesvägledare som arbetar med introduktionsprogram på gymnasiet med inriktningarna programinriktat val,yrkesintroduktion, individuellt alternativ och språkintroduktion i södra Sverige. Den tidigare forskningen nämner hur elevernas valkompetens upplevs samt påverkande faktorer som är avgörande vid arbetet med elevernas valkompetens. Vi har använt oss av en kvalitativ metod med semistrukturerade intervjuer. Det empiriska insamlade materialet har vi valt att analysera utifrån karriärteorin The Careership Theory som är skriven av Phil Hodkinson och Andrew C. Sparkes samt de teoretiska begreppen handlingshorisont, habitus, socialt kapital och fält framtagna av Pierre Bourdieu. Resultatet visar att samtliga sex intervjuade studie- och yrkesvägledarna har likartad uppfattning om valkompetens och dess betydelse. I resultatet framgår det att informanterna upplever att elevernas valkompetens varierar på introduktionsprogrammet. Nyanlända elever som befunnit sig kort tid i Sverige, diagnoser, dåliga skolerfarenheter och informationsbrist är faktorer som kan ha en inverkan på elevernas låga valkompetens. Alla informanter arbetar med att främja elevernas valkompetens många gånger i samverkan med övrig skolpersonal. Däremot visar resultatet att arbetet med elevernas valkompetens skiljer sig mellan informanterna beroende på vilken målgrupp av elever det arbetar med. Beroende på elevernas habitus, sociala kapital och fält vidgas deras handlingshorisont, vilket därmed ökar elevernas valkompetens. Avslutningsvis visar studiens resultat hur viktigt det

Uppsatsens syfte är att undersöka hur begreppet ortskaraktär och samtidens idéströmningar påverkade kulturarvsbygget vid tiden för förra sekelskiftet. Som exempel används Hermanna Stengårds samling och bok Gotländsk sticksöm (1925). Genom litteraturstudier och ideologikritisk analys kontextualiseras Hermanna Stengårdsförfattarskap, liv och samlande genom 1800-talets nationalromantik, Artur Hazelius och hemslöjdsrörelsens insamlingspraktik och syn på ortskaraktäristisk textil. Genom textanalys har Gotländsk sticksöm (1925) även delats in i fyra huvudspår, historiska referenser, litterära referenser, Information och urval samt Hermannas egna ord. I undersökningen påvisas Stengårds nära band med Verner von Heidenstam, ett faktum som stärker kopplingen mellan nationalromantikens sökande efter nationell identitet och tanken om ortskaraktär. Samtidigt visar resultatet att Hermanna Stengårds samling är kurerad och utformad i ett specifikt syfte, vilket gör att samlingen förr speglar samtidens idéströmningar och behov av identitetsbygge än en faktisk ortskaraktär. Detta perspektiv vidgar samlingens kulturhistoriska värde, trots att dess status som bärare av faktisk ortskaraktär försvagas., This essay seeks to understand how the concept of local character and the social climate in late 19th and early 20th century Sweden influenced the constructing of cultural heritage and the curation of collections at the time, with Gotlandic knitting tradition and the book Gotländsk sticksöm (1925) by Hermanna Stengård as the example. Through literature studies and ideology-critical analysis the author examines how 19th-century national romanticism, Artur Hazelius and the handicraft movement’s concept of local character influenced Hermanna Stengård's historiography, collection practice and selection for the book Gotländsk sticksöm (1925). This is achieved by the contextualizing of Hermanna Stengård’s life, collection, and authorship. The result shows a deep connection between Stengård and Verner von Heidenstam. The discovery of Stengård's unreferenced use of paraphrases from Heidenstam’s prose grant a better understanding of the Stengård’s book Gotländsk sticksöm (1925). It also strengthens the connection between the late 19th and early 20th national romanticism’s notion of national identity and the concept of local character. Further, the result shows that the collection itself does not tell what is defining for Gotlandic knitting, but rather how it has been defined at a certain time in history and why. The collection’s cultural-historical value has been broadened through these finds, even though its actual status as a bearer of local character is weakened by it.

This thesis project is exploring and investigates the applications of different methods of reward and nudging strategies and their potential effect on motivating and directing people’s behavior to be more engaged in recycling as a social movement within the society of Saudi Arabia. By creating sustainable behaviors, we contribute to the solutions and help minimize the potential damage of plastic pollution. The designs created throughout this thesis as prototypes of different concepts test the effectiveness of the different strategies on the behaviors of the population in Saudi Arabia. The main findings demonstrated that for people to steer their behavior toward recycling, they need to be financially rewarded. Testing other nudging strategies showed that these strategies might not be as powerful as the traditional system of reward and punishment. Therefore, this project needs to be further investigated and iterated in cooperation with other stakeholders and designers from different fields.

Syfte med den här studien analyserar hur svenska historieböcker framställer Östasien, östasiater och deras historia. Studien inramas inom de postkolonialistiska studierna med särskilt referens till begreppet Orientalism som definierades av forskaren Edward W. Said. Studien använder innehållsanalys och Foucaults maktdiskursanalys som metoder för att framhäva eurocentriska dramaturgi och orientalistiska begrepp och framställningar som används i historieböckerna. Resultatet visar att orientalismen är fortfarande närvarande i historieböckerna, även om inte i samma utsträckning i alla serier och i mindre utsträckning i nyare publikationer., The purpose of this study is to analyse how Swedish history books portray East Asia, East Asians and their history. The study is framed within post-colonial studies with particular reference to the concept of Orientalism as defined by the researcher Edward W. Said. The study uses content analysis and Foucault´s power of discourse as methods to highlight Eurocentric dramaturgy and Orientalist concepts and representations used in the history books. The result shows that Orientalism is still present in the history books, although not to the same extent in all series and to a lesser extent in more recent publications.

Denna studie av ungdomar med utländsk bakgrund försöker skapa förståelse för ungdomars identitet i samband med kulturkrockar och se påverkan av att leva med två olika kulturer. För att ta reda på detta har denna huvudfråga använts: Hur upplever ungdomar med utländsk bakgrund att deras två kulturer och kulturkrockar påverkar deras identitet? Denna kvalitativa studie har innefattat en semi-strukturerad intervju och fem intervjupersoner som alla är utlandsfödda med utländsk bakgrund. De alla beskrev hur deras identitet påverkas av kulturkrockar och av att leva med två kulturer. De stöter på missförstånd som sätter spår på självförtroendet och i dessa kulturkrockar genomgår identiteten en förändring. De påverkas av andra människors reaktioner på dem, hur andra ser på dem och här förändras deras självbild. De anser att det är svårt att veta vad de har för identitet och vilken kultur de identifierar sig med vilket leder till att de upplever en identitetskris och skapar en egen kultur med de båda kulturerna de har. För ungdomarna är identitet något som ständigt förändras och formas i sociala sammanhang i samband med kultur och kulturkrockar., This study of young people with a foreign background tries to create an understanding of young people's identity in connection with cultural clashes and to see the impact of living with two different cultures. The main question that has been used in this study: How do young people with a foreign background experience that their two cultures and cultural clashes affect their identity? This qualitative study has included a semi-structured interview and five interviewees who were all born abroad with a foreign background. They all described how their identity is affected by cultural clashes and by living with two cultures. They encounter misunderstandings that affect their self-confidence and in these cultural clashes, identity undergoes a change. They are affected by other people’s reactions to them, how others see them and this changes their self-image. They believe that it is difficult to know what their identity is and which culture they identify with, which leads to them experiencing an identity crisis and creating their own culture with the two cultures they have. For young people, identity is something that constantly changes and is shaped in social contexts in connection with culture and cultural clashes.

This essay explores how and why the memory of the Baltic extradition in 1946 has been shaped and used in relation to the social democratic Swedish identity, trough the theory of cultural history. The method utilized is a qualitative content analysis of the 71 articles in Aftonbladet that discuss the term “baltutlämningen” between 1947-2022. Here, a theoretical and methodical device is presented and applied. The device outlines the Swedish identity by examining how the articles negotiate guilt to avoid shame, thus preserving the self-image. The findings show that the remembrance of the Baltic extradition serves to cement an image that upholds the identity of the social democratic group as rational, humanitarian, and anti-fascist. Consequently, when Aftonbladet brought the memory to life in 1966 it was shaped to avoid anything that would cause shame by contradicting those values. Thus, the narrative came to portray the political right as guilty for the extradition, and the Balts’ unnecessary suffering during it. Later, the memory was used to reinforce the progressive and humane self-image by being used as a cautionary example, legitimizing current social democratic stances regarding questions of asylum, international relations, and war crime policies. In the 2000’s a new discussion emerged alongside the previous narrative, as historians started questioning the facts and reassessing the feelings of guilt and shame. With the admission that fascist sympathizers may also have infiltrated the social democratic group, the historian debate joined the European narrative: promoting the international cause for democracy, through national self-evaluation, to combat intolerance and fascism globally. Thus, the memory of extradition of the Balts has come to connect the Swedish cause to the European one, maintaining the rational, humanitarian, and anti-fascist self-image. From an identity perspective the recurring guilt-shame complex shows that the humanitarian

How might we encourage playful yet provocative attitudes to explore unfamiliar methods? This thesis investigates how interaction designers can use unusual and thought-provoking methods in their design process. It focuses on understanding the challenges, limitations and opportunities of these types of approaches. The thesis explores the use of an abusive game probe as a way to spark conversations between participants and designers. The abusive game probe has the potential to generate meaningful and insightful outcomes. The proposed abusive game probe provided difficulties, being a unique and untested method. The topic of abuse presents challenges such as ethical consideration, which still requires further research. While determining its effectiveness can be complex, the main purpose is to encourage designers to embrace unexpected and unknown elements. This thesis provides guidance for future designers to incorporate these methods into their research, continue on this project or venture out and create new and alternate methods as contributions to the field of interaction design.

I denna studie undersöks vilka ekonomiska effekter marknadshyror kan få ur ettfastighetsägarperspektiv samt hur dagens hyressättningsmodell fungerar och påverkarfastighetsbolag. Studien lyfter även den ekonomiska segregationen och om det blir någonförändring vid införande av marknadshyror för samhället. Syftet med studien är att få enförståelse hur dagens hyressättningsmodell och marknadshyror kan påverka fastighetsbolagenpå olika sätt.Studien har genomförts med en kvalitativ metod där resultatet och analysen baseras påsemistrukturerade intervjuer med sakkunniga personer inom både kommunala-och privatafastighetsföretag samt branschorganisationer. Detta för att få så bred kunskap som möjligtöver ämnet. Frågorna som respondenterna blev tillfrågade var dels vilka ekonomiska effektermarknadshyror kan ge samt hur de tycker att dagens hyressättningssystem fungerar. Detteoretiska ramverket inkluderar tidigare forskning inom ämnet samt studier från andra ländersom har avreglerat sin marknad.Resultatet visar att den största ekonomiska effekten för fastighetsbolagen är den lönsamhet dekan få på nyproduktionen om det blir en fri hyressättning, då de inte hämmas av denreglerade hyran. Det visades även att med fri hyressättning blir hyrorna högre vilket ocksåleder till mer ekonomisk vinning för fastighetsägarna, men att det har en stor betydelse på varman har sina fastighetsbestånd. Fastighetsföretag med bestånd i utsatta områden kan inte höjahyrorna särskilt mycket just på grund av läget och därav kommer en fri hyressättning intepåverka dem i den utsträckningen. Det framkommer att den ekonomiska segregationen intekommer att påverkas särskilt mycket då det redan är idag är så pass mycket segregation ochdet krävs andra reformer än fri hyressättning för att det ska bli någon skillnad., This study examines the economic effects market rents can have from a property owner'sperspective, as well as how today's rent setting model works and affects property companies.The study also highlights economic segregation and whether there will be any change in theintroduction of market rents for society. The purpose of the study is to gain an understandingof how today's rental model and market rents can affect property companies in different ways.The study has been carried out using a qualitative method where the results and analysis arebased on semi-structured interviews with experts within both municipal and private propertycompanies and organisations. This is due to gaining as broad knowledge as possible about thesubject. The questions that the respondents were asked were what financial effects marketrents can have and how they think today's rent regulation system works. The theoreticalframework includes previous research in the subject as well as studies from other countriesthat have deregulated their market.The result shows that the biggest economic effect for the property companies is theprofitability they can get from the new production if there is a free rental, as they are nothampered by the regulated rent. It was also shown that with free rent adjustment the rents arehigher, which also leads to more financial gain for the property owners, but that it has a bigimpact on where you have your property holdings. Where real estate companies withholdings in vulnerable areas cannot raise rents very much precisely because of the location,and therefore a free rent adjustment will not affect them to that extent. It appears thateconomic segregation will not be affected very much as there is already so much segregationtoday and reforms other than free rent are required for there to be any difference.

The present study aims to investigate how different refugee groups are portrayed in the Swedish news media. The study uses critical discourse analysis as a methodological and theoretical framework to analyze Aftonbladet and Dagens Nyheter's representation of Syrian and Ukrainian refugees in their editorials. Using Fairclough's three-dimensional model as a tool, the study has analyzed the language used in the articles through text, discourse, and socio-cultural practice. The focus of the study lies in analyzing the texts, but it also brings discussions about how the first dimension (text) affects the second (discursive practice) and third (sociocultural practice). The study's results suggest that there is a difference in how Syrian and Ukrainian refugees are portrayed in Aftonbladet and Dagens Nyheter. The results show that Syrian refugees are portrayed as a burden to a greater extent than Ukrainian refugees. Furthermore, the analysis of discursive practice indicates that the representation of both refugee groups is consistent with the refugee policy discourse of the respective period. Finally, socio-cultural practice shows that differences in language and categorization regarding refugee groups can contribute to the creation of "we" and "them" even between refugee groups., Föreliggande studie syftar till att undersöka hur olika flyktinggrupper framställs i svensk nyhetsmedia. Studien använder kritisk diskursanalys som metodiskt och teoretiskt ramverk för att analysera Aftonbladets och Dagens Nyheters representation av syriska och ukrainska flyktingar i sina ledarartiklar. Med Faircloughs tredimensionella modell som verktyg har studien analyserat språkbruk genom text, diskurs och sociokulturell praktik. Studiens fokus ligger på att analysera texterna, men den tillför även diskussioner kring hur den första dimensionen (text) påverkar den andra (diskursiv praktik) och tredje (sociokulturell praktik). Studiens resultat antyder att det finns en skillnad i hur syriska och ukrainska flyktingar porträtteras i Aftonbladet och Dagens Nyheter. Resultaten påvisar att syriska flyktingar framställs som en belastning i högre utsträckning än ukrainska flyktingar. Vidare indikerar analysen av diskursiv praktik att framställningen av båda flyktinggrupper överensstämmer med den flyktingpolitiska diskursen för respektive period. Slutligen, visar den sociokulturella praktiken att skillnader i språk och kategoriseringar gällande flyktinggrupper kan bidra till skapandet av “vi” och “dem” även mellan flyktinggrupper.

KARLSTADS UNIVERSITET Termin: vt 23 Ämne: Kulturstudier Nivå: GrundnivåKurskod: KVGCO2 ABSTRACT Angelica Nylén Vikingen, endast en bärsärk? En undersökning av grundskolans läroböcker och hur bilden av vikingen skapasThe Viking, only a berserker? A study of the role of textbooks and how the image of the Viking is constructedAntal sidor: 39The image of the Viking is more popular than ever, in popular culture there are computer games, TV series and movies. In Sweden children learn about the Vikings in school, but what have children been taught about the Viking? The study uses four different textbooks published 1868-2012 to find out how the Viking has been portrayed over time, Läseboken för folkskolan from 1868, Läseboken för folkskolan from 1935, Lärobok I Fäderneslandets historia from 1964 and Puls Historia from 2012. The textbook Läseboken för folkskolan from 1868 was the first textbook that united all of Sweden's pupils in primary school. The study shows that the content about the Vikings in the textbooks no longer depend on the Icelandic sagas, rather the texts rely on research-based science. Using Norgren’s theory of the use of history and Koselleck’s conceptual history, the study shows how the image of the Viking is constructed in the textbooks. The study also shed light on how and if women are portrayed in the textbooks. Nyckelord: Historiebruk, Begreppshistoria, Viking, Grundskola, LärobokPostadress Karlstads universitet 651 88 Karlstad Telefon 054-700 10 00

Domestic road transport is currently responsible for a third of Sweden's total greenhouse emissions. At the same time, freight transport is not being used efficiently. Full load carriers enable reduced environmental impact, reduced costs and the release of vehicles on the roads. In order to achieve sustainable supply chains, cooperation between actors is important. In the light of this, this study aims to analyze the restructuring of the logistics flow between three actors and what environmental and economic savings can be achieved. Furthermore the collaboration between the parties has been analyzed. To answer the purpose of the study, the authors conducted semi-structured interviews and collected quantitative data that formed the basis for calculating cost and environmental savings. Conclusions drawn are that the restructuring generates environmental savings of 3 724 kilograms of carbon dioxide emissions and cost savings of SEK 46,000 per month. Finally, it is concluded that restructuring of the logistics flow requires increased accuracy in orders and forecasts as all actors will be drawn closer together and given the opportunity to streamline the joint logistics flow through better communication and geographical proximity., Inrikes vägtransporter står idag för en tredjedel av Sveriges totala utsläpp av växthusgaser, samtidigt som godstransporter i nuläget inte används effektivt. Fulla lastbärare möjliggör minskad miljöpåverkan, minskade kostnader och minskat antal fordon på vägarna. För att uppnå hållbara logistikflöden är samverkan mellan aktörer en central del. Mot bakgrund till detta syftar denna studie till att analysera en omstrukturering av logistikflödet mellan tre aktörer och vilka miljömässiga och ekonomiska besparingar som kan uppnås. Vidare har även samarbetet mellan aktörerna analyserats. För att besvara studiens syfte har författarna genomfört semistrukturerade intervjuer samt insamlat kvantitativa data, vilket utgjort underlag för beräkning av kostnads- och miljöbesparingar. Slutsatser som dras är att omstruktureringen genererar miljöbesparingar på 3 724 kilogram i koldioxidutsläpp samt kostnadsbesparingar på 46 000 kronor per månad. Slutligen konstateras att en omstrukturering av logistikflödet kräver ökad noggrannhet i beställningar och prognoser då samtliga aktörer kommer att dras närmare varandra. Sålunda skulle aktörerna ges möjlighet att effektivisera det gemensamma logistikflödet genom förbättrad kommunikation och geografisk närhet.

Uppsatsen skrivs inom det tvärvetenskapliga forskningsfältet kulturarvsstudier. Med utgångspunkt i ett herrgårdsmuseum i Sverige utforskar uppsatsen, genom den verksamhet som bedrivs där idag, kulturarv som bestående av flera processer i samverkan. När en plats doneras till staten, blir kulturarv och marknadsförs som ett historiskt besöksmål blir den både en del av en ökande kulturarvsturism och en del av en institutionaliserad kulturarvsförvaltning. Olika tiders subjektiva och personliga minnen som materialiserats på platsen bevaras, vårdas och införlivas i ett kollektivt och nationellt minnes- och kulturarvsskapande. Platsen skapas som kulturarv och besöksmål av olika aktörer och det testamenterade minnet medieras och fiktionaliseras på olika sätt beroende på aktör och vilket mål aktören har. Studien synliggör att målet att bevara och vårda samvekar med målet att återskapa något av det förflutna liv som levts på platsen. Detta påverkas av ägare och förvaltare, men också av utomstående aktörer som exempelvis besökare, Tv-producenter och romanförfattare. Kulturarv är inte något statiskt som bevaras helt oförändrat till kommande generationer utan en process som kontinuerligt (om)förhandlas och (om)tolkas beroende på samtidens ideal, behov, kunskapssyn och föväntningar.

The purpose of this thesis was to understand how museums make their establishment accessible, if there are any obstacles in their accessibility and in that case what effects this can cause. The thesis examines accessibility at seven museums in Stockholm by participatory observation area with focus on the visitor experience for wheelchair users. The thesis also investigates whether lack of accessibility and inclusion had any possible effect on the visitor experience by means of interviews and content analysis of the accessibility information provided on the museums' websites and annual reports on what measures have been taken by the museum to improve accessibility for people with disabilities. The results from all seven investigated museums demonstrated that physical accessibility was taken into account but to a certain extent, there have been lifts, ramps, accessible entrances and accessibility-adapted toilets. There were also some positive aspects of accessibility that transcended the most basic accessibility guidelines. Obstacles were identified during all seven observations and these mainly related to exclusionary design of the exhibitions, which in turn affected the visitor experience negatively. The interviews showed that the informants had experienced obstacles at the specified museums and also other museums. In summary, it can be stated that all aspects of accessibility affect the visitor experience, even if the overall experience is positive. Obstacles in accessibility can have negative effects both on the visitor experience but also individually with a negative impact on feelings of independence and/or belonging. The museums' annual reports and the accessibility information from the museums' websites all showed that they are actively working with accessibility, although the extent to which varies. The accessibility information could vary in how well the accessibility adaptations were described and there were few measures reported for people with reduced mo

Denna uppsats i ämnet kulturvård undersöker den gotländska sticktraditionen, lokalt benämnd som gotländsk sticksöm. Stickning har varit betydelsefull för Gotland genom historien och framför allt under 1700-talet exporterades stora mängder stickat från ön. I och med industrialiseringen förlorade stickningen sin betydelse och småskolelärarinnan Hermanna Stengård (1861–1941) var rädd för att hantverkstraditionen skulle falla i glömska och började samla in rester av stickade föremål. Resultatet publicerade hon i sin bok Gotländsk sticksöm (1925). Det har dock visat sig att flera mönster och tekniker som Stengård pekar på som gotländska förkommer på andra platser. Syftet med undersökningen har varit att studera den gotländska sticksömmen i förhållande till Hermanna Stengård och hennes samling. Uppsatsen redogör för hur den gotländska sticksömmen har definierats och hur utvecklingen sett ut fram till idag samt om traditionen kan klassas som ett immateriellt kulturarv. En jämförande analys har gjorts mellan stickböckerna om gotländsk sticksöm som publicerats mellan 1981 och 2008 samt intervjuer och arkivstudier har utförts. Resultatet visar att det inte går att exakt definiera den gotländska sticksömmen. Trots att Stengård pekar på vissa karakteristiska drag i hennes bok, motsäger sig hennes samling till viss del detta, som består av fler exempel. För varje bok som publiceras på ämnet läggs nya tekniker och mönster till definitionen, vilket visar på traditionens utveckling. Trots att flera mönster och tekniker förekommer på andra platser är de fortfarande starkt förknippade med Gotland. Utifrån Unescos definiering över immateriella kulturarv går det att argumentera för att gotländsk sticksöm är ett men det är upp till utövarna, att nominera till en av Unescos listor över immateriella kulturarv., This essay in conservation studies the knitting tradition on Gotland, locally named ‘sticksöm’. Knitting has been important for Gotland throughout the history and mainly during the 18th century the island exported loads of knitted product to the mainland. As a result of the industrialization the knitting lost its importance on the island and risked disappearing altogether. This was defined by the teacher Hermanna Stengård (1981–1941), who started to collect old pieces of knitted clothing. She published her result in the book ‘Gotländsk sticksöm’ (1925). It has shown that multiple patterns and techniques that Stengård points as Gotlandic has been found in other places. The aim has been to study how Gotlandic knitting is defined by Hermanna Stengård and see how the knitting tradition has developed after the ‘Gotländsk sticksöm’ was published in 1925 to today. At last, the knitting tradition has been discussed if it can be classified as an intangible heritage. By analyzing and comparing the knitting books about Gotlandic knitting tradition that has been published between 1981 to 2008, it has shown how the Gotlandic knitting has been depicted and how the distinction of the term Gotlandic knitting has changed. Interviews and archive studies is giving a background to the contemporary the books were published. The result shows that it is not a clear definition of the ‘sticksöm’. Stengårds collection is broad, more examples than she states. The patterns and techniques occur at other places but are still Gotlandic because they have been used on Gotland. The tradition can be defined as an intangible heritage but it is only the practitioners that can nominate the craft to one of UNESCOs lists and therefor officially be entitled as an intangible heritage.

The aim of this study is to examine how the female character Wednesday Addams in the Netflix-series Wednesday is portrayed and if her character reproduces or breaks norms for femininity. Furthermore, the thesis examines which myths and stereotypes are being embodied through Wednesday. The thesis is structured through a case study design and uses semiotic analysis as a method. With the help of the semiotic tools denotation and connotation, 8 episodes of the Netflix-series were analyzed, looking at semiotic resources like attributes, posing, gaze and color. The study relies on a theoretical framework consisting of semiotics, gender theory and various theoretical concepts, such as myths, the gender contract, the performative gender, male gaze, respectability, heteronormativity and stereotypes. The result demonstrates that the Netflix-series Wednesday has made Wednesday's character visible through a femininity that is allowed to be both norm-breaking and normative. Wednesday shows that she is flexible in her representation as a woman. Instead of regarding Wednesdayas an opposite to the male, and what separates her from everyone else, one can argue that her character is questioning and problematizing how a woman should be.

This qualitative research study aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the narratives surrounding the experience of sexual violence during the Holocaust, focusing on the localized context of the Warsaw and Łódź ghettos and their immediate surroundings. The main objectives of this research are to examine how Holocaust survivors recount experiences of sexual violence in video testimonies and investigate the scope of sexual violence in the localized context by analyzing different perpetrator groups and the power relations that enabled sexual violence in the ghettos and in hiding. The study is grounded in the field of Narrative Analysis, which as a methodological framework together with theoretical concepts such as collective memory and Narrative Theory allows for a detailed examination of survivors' testimonies, providing rich insights into their experiences and perspectives. Moreover, by adopting an intersectional perspective, the research acknowledges the importance of considering multiple dimensions of identity, such as gender and age, in understanding the experiences and narration of sexual violence. The analysis of selected primary sources from the Fortunoff Archive and Shoah Foundation Visual History Archive uncovers significant variations in narrative structures, themes, and patterns, further underlining the complexities of survivor testimonies. The research also reveals the significant influence that collective memory of the Holocaust had on the testimonies of sexual violence. Additionally, the research reveals insights into the scope of sexual violence in those localized contexts by emphasizing the role of different perpetrator groups and existing power dynamics. The study concludes that the narratives of Holocaust survivors provide significant insights into the experiences of sexual violence during that period.

Barn har rätt till att vara delaktiga vid utformningen av de stadsrum som påverkar barnen. I ett samhälle där barnkonventionen blivit lag behöver kommuner arbeta med barns åsikter och önskemål när barnens lekplatser och skolgårdar planeras. Hur man som planerare kan ta del av barns åsikter även i de yngre åldrarna kan vara tungrott. Yngre barn behöver mer stöttning när de ska få uttrycka sina åsikter. I denna uppsats kommer läsaren få läsa om forskning som finns kring ämnet om hur barn kan vara delaktiga, via olika modeller och verktyg. Läsaren kommer få ta del av de lagar och regelverk som idag finns i Sverige för att reglera att en fysisk planering. En workshop på en förskola har utförts och två intervjuer har hållits med anställda vid Burlövs kommun. Resultatet i denna studie visar att det går att involvera yngre barn vid fysisk planering. Yngre barn har mycket åsikter samt många idéer och tankar. Det kan dock vara av problematisk natur att arbeta med barn i ung ålder. Detta då yngre barn kan ha svårt att förstå sitt egenansvar samt att yngre barn kan ha svårt att vara självständiga i sina åsikter., Children have the right to be involved in the design of urban spaces that affect them. In a society where the Convention on the Rights of the Child has become law, municipalities need to work with children's opinions and wishes when planning children's playgrounds and schoolyards. How planners can take account of children's opinions even at a younger age can be difficult. Younger children need more support when expressing their opinions. In this paper, the reader will read about research on the topic of how children can be involved, through different models and tools. The reader will learn about the laws and regulations that currently exist in Sweden to regulate physical planning. A workshop at a preschool has been conducted and two interviews have been held with employees at Burlöv municipality. The results of this study show that it is possible to involve younger children in spatial planning. Younger children have many opinions and many ideas and thoughts. However, it can be problematic to work with children at a young age. This is because younger children may have difficulty understanding their own responsibility and younger children may have difficulty being independent in their opinions.

Hur ser egentligen berättelserna ut kring åtgärdstrappan och villkorstrappan och hur förhåller sig dessa berättelser till varandra? Denna studie problematiserar och konkretiserar de två berättelserna vi valt att ställa mot varandra - polismyndighetens syn på åtgärdstrappan och fotbollsaktörernas samt supportrarnas syn på samma fenomen. Vi väljer att titta på hur Polisen, fotbollsaktörer och supportrar berättar sina berättelser om ordningsstörningarna. Vidare i studien så beskrivs bakgrunden till studiens framkomst, hur begrepp som huliganism och hur risksupportrar anammas, och skiljs sedan åt i en djupare beskrivning för läsaren. I identifierandet av de två berättelserna så analyseras studien med hjälp av en hermeneutisk textanalys och ett teoretiskt ramverk i form av storytelling, antenarrativ och gränsobjekt. Studiens huvudsakliga resultat utmynnar i att vi ser Polisens berättelse där de använder rättssäkerhet som handlar om ordningsstörningar i form av pyroteknik och våld och därför använder rättssäkerhet som anledningen till sina metoder. Medan det i fotbollsaktörernas samt supportrarnas berättelser framkommer att Polisens metoder inte är proportionerliga mot den grad av ordningsstörningar som förekommer vilket lett till ett gemensamt motstånd som en organisering mot Polisens metoder.

To operate in our modern society students’ education, need to contribute to lifelong learning by promoting desirable social interaction and improving the way in which people overcome difficulties and establishing relationships in different contexts. The present study sets out to examine the practice of cooperative learning for students' learning in the subject of English. Furthermore, the research questions address the benefits and challenges teachers describe using cooperative learning for students' language development and learning. The study is based on sociocultural theory, which means that learning takes place through interaction. In order to investigate the study's questions, qualitative semi-structured interviews are conducted with competent teachers in grades F-3, who use CL in their teaching. The thematic analysis of my study identified several benefits on how cooperative learning promotes students' learning. The results show that teachers express positive attitudes to CL’s structures and strategies as they believe that these constitute to increased participation, cooperation skills and also increases the prospects for developing students' language development and learning. Despite challenges for students with social difficulties and with different levels of knowledge, the interviewed teachers believe that CL can be adapted and reworked at the group and individual level to meet the needs in the different classrooms. Collaboration and student interaction are prominent factors in the curriculum. Through reciprocal dialogues with others, children can construct new knowledge free from the constraints of a larger class group.

When supporting students’ language development, English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers use different scaffolding methods, such as Oral Corrective Feedback (OCF). This method’s purpose is to assist learners’ oral language skills, and there are various strategies that can be utilised in an input providing or output prompting manner. The aim of this study is to investigate Swedish EFL teachers in K-3 regarding their preferences for OCF strategies, the challenges they face in implementing these strategies, as well as adapting them to their teaching context. In order to examine this phenomenon, data was collected through conducting semi-structured interviews with teachers as participants. The results indicate that Recast is the most prevalent approach, whereas output prompting strategies pose the greatest difficulty for teachers. One of the output prompting strategies that were frequently mentioned as the least preferred was Metalinguistic Feedback. Moreover, teachers tend to adapt their OCF strategies and sometimes even choosing to not correct their students at all, depending onthe learning context and the individual student attributes. In comparison to previous studies conducted in other countries, different strategies were preferred such as Explicit Correction, which teachers in Sweden tend to refrain from using. However, the beliefs regarding output prompting OCF strategies were similar. Overall, teachers believe that providing OCF is an effective method for scaffolding young learners’ language development in the EFL classroom.

This thesis analyzes how Sweden is acting against their Feminist Foreign Policy (FFP) in relation to their firearms exports to Saudi Arabia. There is plenty of previous research on FFP along with the arms trade with Saudi Arabia. Through this, feminist theory is applied to the FFP and the trade relation, with the purpose of attempting to uncover how Sweden’s actions are contradictory to their FFP. Therefore, in order to address how their actions are contradictory, the research question of this thesis is: How is Sweden acting against their FFP? This thesis utilizes a Qualitative Content Analysis to selected empirical material, news websites and international organization websites. As a result based on this analysis, Sweden acts against their FFP because they export firearms to Saudi Arabia, who violates human rights and oppresses women, and supplying a country like that with firearms legitimizes their violating and oppressing actions.

This study investigates the discursive construction of masculinities of the Swedish Equality Agency. By using the WPR analysis strategy to examine underlying problematizations in the agency’s perspective on masculinity, the study seeks to generate an understanding of the direction in which the agency wishes masculinity to develop as a cultural phenomenon. The paper critiques that the new masculinity is primarily implicit and aims to make the new masculinity more explicit to enable proactivity. The study highlights the transition from an explicit masculinity to an implicit one and the effects of this ”implicitness”. The new masculinity is more implicit in terms of life advice, normativity, and ideals, making it more concealed and harder to follow, compared to a traditional masculinity and its values. The paper also explores the cultural ideal established by policy. The objectives primarily result in the ideals of everyone’s equal opportunities and rewards for studies and work, the sharing of household chores equally, and obtaining consent before engaging in anything that has to do with others bodily integrity. The reconstruction of masculinity can be seen as an attempt to insert cultural ideals into multiple masculinities or establish an upper masculinity, thus achieving a less polarized society. The study further explores the idea of that the current approach may be perceived to place more value on criticizing than implementing, making masculinity, like the problem of violence, reactive rather than a proactive factor. The concluding discussion suggests that masculinity is a tool, a frame of reference to relate to, and perhaps there is a need for guiding principles, commandments, and ideals to live up to. In the discussion I also suggest the implementation of the term ”submasculinity” to prevent holistic establishing and assemblage of negative aspects. The paper suggests in the concluding discussion that society can shape a new, explicit, and more identifiable mascul

Abstrakt Examensarbete inom medie- och kommunikationsvetenskap (15HP) Institutionen för konst, kultur och kommunikation (K3) Fakulteten kultur och samhälle Malmö Universitet Titel: Hur människor med rysk bakgrund i Sverige navigerar det föränderliga medielandskapet. Författare: Oliver Söderström Handledare: Matts Skagshöj Examinator: Margareta Melin Hösttermin: 2022 Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur ryska människor som bor i Sverige, navigerar dagens medielandskap i förhållande till det pågående kriget i Ukraina. Studiens mål är att undersöka hur personer med rysk mediebakgrund förhåller sig till situationen i Ukraina, och hur kontrasten mellan den ryska bakgrunden i förhållande till livet i Sverige har format hur de uppfattar och förstår världen genom media. Det empiriska materialet i denna studie är baserat på kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer. Analysmetoden fastställs senare genom en tematisk analys. Intervjuerna består av individer i åldrarna 27-47, som alla uppfyller kriterierna för att ha en bakgrund och nära kopplingar till Ryssland. Anledningen till dessa kriterierna är för att den här studien försöker förstå hur människor som utsätts för olika motsägelsefulla mediarepresentationer formar sig och skapar sina världsbilder. Den teoretiska ram som används i denna forskning är huvudsakligen baserad på den andra nivån av dagordningsteorin. Genom detta ramverk syftar denna studie till att förstå de bakomliggande motiven för vissa världsåskådningar baserade på dagordningsteorin samt tidigare forskning kring fake news och Post truth-perspektiv. Huvudfynden i denna studien drar slutsatsen att det finns två typer av världsbilder som är mycket motstridiga. Denna studien resonerar också att de motstridiga världsbilderna kan härstamma från olika nivåer av medie- och informationskompetens som de olika deltagarna besitter. I vissa fall visar denna studien att motstridiga världsbilder till och med kan ha liknande tillvägagångssätt när det gäller att hi, Final Exam Project in Media and Communication Studies (15 HP) School of Arts and Communication (K3) Faculty of Culture and Society Malmö University Title: How People With a Russian Background in Sweden Navigate the Changing Media Landscape Author: Oliver Söderström Supervisor: Matts Skagshöj Examiner: Margareta Melin Autumn Term: 2022 The purpose of this study is to examine how Russian, people living in Sweden, relate today’s media landscape relative to the current war in Ukraine. The study aims to investigate how people with a Russian media background relate to the situation in Ukraine, and how the contrast between the background in relation to life in Sweden has shaped how they perceive and understand the world through media. The empirical material in this study is based on qualitative semi-structured interviews. The method of analysis is later established through a thematic analysis. The interviews consists of individuals between ages 27-47, all fitting the criteria of having a background and close connections to Russia. The reason for this criteria is because this study seeks to understand how people exposed to different contradictory media representations form and create their worldviews. The theoretical framework used in this research is mainly based on the second level of Agenda-Setting Theory. Through this framework this study firstly targets to understand the underlying motives for certain worldviews based on Agenda-Setting Theory and earlier research about fake news and Post-truth perspectives. The main finding in this research concludes that there exists two types of worldviews that are highly conflicting. This study also reasons that the conflicting worldviews could originate from different levels of media and information literacy that the different subjects in this study possesses. In some cases this study shows that different worldviews could even have similar approaches regarding finding and trusting information. Keywords: Information

Bakgrund: Sedan dess tidiga start på 60-talet växer idag Artificiell Intelligens (AI) i revolutionerande fart och används idag i områden från sjukvård, digitala klockor, domstolar, offentliga toaletter, preventivmedel eller till energisystem. Den breda implementeringen och data växer storslaget fram på marknaden. Men AI-tekniken bidrar även till att bland annat kvinnor drabbas av stereotypa könsroller som programmeras in, trots att kvinnor är de som 1) använder tekniken minst och 2) är underrepresenterade inom tech-sektorn. Ur ett etiskt perspektiv finns även andra problematiska svårigheter med AI i förhållande till dess utsläpp och påverkan på klimatet. Syfte: Syftet med arbetet är att studera vilka föreställningar om AI personer som är verksamma inom sektorn i Sverige har, med särskild hänsyn till genus och klimat. Frågeställning: Vilka föreställningar har personer verksamma inom AI-sektorn i relation till genus och klimat? Metod och teori: En kvalitativ metod har använts där halvstrukturerade intervjuer har gjorts med fyra personer. En kvalitativ innehållsanalys har gjorts vid analyserandet av intervjutranskriberingarna. I Analysen tillämpas Yvonne Hirdmans genusteori. Slutsats: AI diskursen med dess mestadels positiva konnotationer har ett stadigt grepp inom sektorn. Inget av de aktuella projekten som informanterna är verksamma i nu tillämpar något specifikt etiskt regelverk, bortsett från de etiska riktlinjer som varje enskild organisation som är involverad i projektet har. Det finns en viss medvetenhet om etikrelaterade problem med AI kopplat till genus och klimatförändringar, men inget större engagemang i att hantera det eller att granska egna utsläpp. Huvudfokus är hur AI kan tillämpas för att hantera olika samhällsutmaningar.

The aim of this study is to illuminate how the 19th century’s researchers Carl Axel Gottlund and Albrekt Segerstedt contributed to the design of the cultural heritage of the Forest Finns in northern Värmland. One book from each author was analyzed: Dagbok öfver mina vandringar på Wermlands och Solörs Finnskogar 1821 (1821/2021) by Gottlund, and Segerstedts samling: skogsfinnarna i Skandinavien: en kommenterad och illustrerad källutgåva (1888/2006) by Segerstedt. Theories from the ethnographic field, the critical heritage field and from the field of scientific theories were all utilized. This study shows that the construction of a cultural heritage can be affected by multiple different factors, and that the researchers’ and their different practices often have a central role.

The purpose of the thesis is to investigate and draw attention to current discussions around the use of artificial intelligence to produce images, as well as to examine different ways to perceive the relationship between artificial intelligence and creativity. The thesis’ theoretical framework consists of an account on the historical understanding of the concepts regarding creativity and art, as well as the theories that have dominated the Western world in terms of understanding the internal processes of creativity and art. Six articles published by various newspapers regarding AI-generative art have been examined by use of a modified Toulmin method. The result shows that the authors behind the articles regard AI-generative art to be considered as art and the process to be creative. Their view seems to indicate that the relationship between creativity and artificial intelligence may have several societal and ethical implications that need to be addressed in the future.

This study explores how churches as a place for religion and worship, a cultural heritage and a public place, also can function as spaces for art by analysing three different church interiors and works of art from the late 20th century. Theories include Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of cultural capital and David Dean’s theory about different forms of display and Carol Duncan’s writings about museums and churches as ritual spaces. Simon Unwin’s modifying elements of architecture have been used to analyse the interiors, and the three works of art, created by Herman Reijers, Anna-Lisa Odelqvist-Cruse and Kjellaug Nordsjö, have been analysed using a semiotic analysis. The result of the study suggests that churches as a place for art is unique, and that the use of art has both an aesthetic and educational purpose by mediating the Christian beliefs. The study also suggests that when churches act as a place for contemporary art it might help preserve the churches cultural heritage and keep the church room active.

This paper investigates the influence of individual level factors and social capital on fear ofcrime construction amongst citizens and non-citizens in a cross-national context. Regressionanalysis of the European Social Survey (Round 9) demonstrated that the relative importanceof socio-economic individual level factors is stable across countries and consistent withprevious research. Contradictory to theoretical assumptions, only marginal differences in fearof crime levels, social trust levels and attitudes were found when natives and non-nativeswere compared, even when controlling for confounding variables. Furthermore, the researchhighlights and confirms the explanatory power of social trust in explaining differing fear ofcrime levels. The relative importance of environmental factors and shortcomings ofmeasuring fear of crime with a single item indicator are emphasized.

“Perpetual little girl” – Gender coding of the costume design-profession: A critical discourse analysis is a bachelor’s thesis in Performance Studies written by Yonna S. Thil in the spring of 2023 at Stockholm University. This study focuses on the gendering of the costume design-profession, as well as the gendering of theatre professions in general and attempts to answer the question “How does female gender coding affect the professional role of the costume designer?”. Fashion history and theatre history is used to map out the ways in which the costume designer is at a point of intersection between fashion, a highly feminized phenomenon, and theatre, a system which has excluded women from the practice for thousands of years. Statistics from Stockholm University of the Arts and interviews with both male and female costume designers working in theatre and film in Sweden tell the story of how the feminization of their profession affect the practice. The study includes comparisons with male coded professions in the theatre system, questions of the wage gap between male and female coded professions as well as discussions of the artistic genius and charismatic authority.

This report presents results from a project that aims at increasing future awareness in the cultural heritage sector, using the SoPHIA model. The project was run by the Centre for Applied Heritage at Linnaeus University, with funding from the university. Work on the report was carried out in2021 and 2022 by NCK (The Nordic Centre of Heritage Learning and Creativity AB) under the direction of Gustav Wollentz, in co-operation with Kalmar County Museum, Jamtli Museum, andDaniel Laven from the Department of Economics, Geography, Law and Tourism at Mid Sweden University. Results from the project show that the model succeeded in exploring possible future effects of a heritage intervention, defined as any action that results in a physical change to an element of a historic place, and related these effects to prioritized issues for societal development, such as participation, inclusion, and wellbeing. It managed to expand the range of potential action in the present. Furthermore, it also provided a useful tool for identifying significant areas where there is the potential to think more innovatively and creatively regarding future change and effects. The model helped in identifying the necessary steps and actions needed for realizing the interventionin accordance with a desirable scenario. The model failed in anticipating long-term futures or futures radically different from the present. It mostly provided insights into how the intervention could have an impact upon future change, but not on how future change would have an impact upon the intervention. Ways of adapting the model for increased future awareness are suggested.These include ways to make the model more suitable for anticipating long-term futures as well as futures of radical change.

This thesis presents a user-centred approach to data visualisation through a design project in collaboration with Inter IKEA Älmhult. Interaction Design is often included at the end of visualisation processes, but how could Interaction Design be included to affect the entire design process? The design presented here shows how approaching complex datasets from user perspectives allows Interaction Designers to contextualise data and design interactions that empower users. This was done by designing a proof-of- concept visualisation that displayed an overview of Inter IKEA’s digital solution landscape. As a result of the design process, a discussion of governance, employee ethics, data management, and accountability was brought up. The implication of a user-centred visualisation design for companies is better awareness of democratic data access and more efficient internal processes. The implication for Interaction Design is a future design space that encompasses Data Visualisation, Interactive Visualisations, and Software Development Governance.

Mycelium-based composite (MBC) is being developed and researched in multiple commercial markets as an alternative sustainable material. MBC utilizes the mycelium ability to create a web-like structure in lignocellulosic structures. However, producing the material in a natural environment and subjecting it to various tests; the study aims to examine the distress of the southern Swedish climate on MBC grown in different substrates. The selection of substrates are based on their compatibility to fungal growth, the substrates are also locally sourced and grown. This is to explore MBC material production with a focus on circular economy as biodegradable material in architecture could help develop a reuse and recycle system. Various tests were done on the different substrate MBC to determine its characteristics, limitations and opportunities. The tests were developed with a focus on architectural construction and the southern Swedish climate; meaning experiments including MBC reaction to fire, water and temperatures. The results are based on the different MBC materials reaction, this ends with a description on how the materials could be used and developed in the future.

This article examines the challenges and opportunities that arise with artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) methods and tools when implemented within cultural heritage institutions (CHIs), focusing on three selected Swedish case studies. The article centres on the perspectives of the CHI professionals who deliver that implementation. Its purpose is to elucidate how CHI professionals respond to the opportunities and challenges AI/ML provides. The three Swedish CHIs discussed here represent different organizational frameworks and have different types of collections, while sharing, to some extent, a similar position in terms of the use of AI/ML tools and methodologies. The overarching question of this article is what is the state of knowledge about AI/ML among Swedish CHI professionals, and what are the related issues? To answer this question, we draw on (1) semi-structured interviews with CHI professionals, (2) individual CHI website information, and (3) CHI-internal digitization protocols and digitalization strategies, to provide a nuanced analysis of both professional and organisational processes concerning the implementation of AI/ML methods and tools. Our study indicates that AI/ML implementation is in many ways at the very early stages of implementation in Swedish CHIs. The CHI professionals are affected in their AI/ML engagement by four key issues that emerged in the interviews: their institutional and professional knowledge regarding AI/ML; the specificities of their collections and associated digitization and digitalization issues; issues around personnel; and issues around AI/ML resources. The article suggests that a national CHI strategy for AI/ML might be helpful as would be knowledge-, expertise-, and potentially personnel- and resource-sharing to move beyond the constraints that the CHIs face in implementing AI/ML., Quantifying Culture: a study of AI and Cultural Heritage Collections

The Norwegian company Hurtigruten operates ships cruising along the Norwegian coast and has played an important role in tourism for over a century. This article provides a multimodal discourse analysis of the website advertising Hurtigruten’s most popular journey, drawing on a critical tourism studies approach. It aims to answer the question as to what central themes emerge in tourism discourse on Norway, targeted at an international audience. Central characteristics of tourism discourse (Dann 1996), i.e., strangerhood, conflict, authenticity, and playfulness, are shown to be crucial in the analysed material. The paper discusses the notion of authenticity as a performative strategy in the promotion of Norwegian cruise tourism. One central aim of this paper is finding out what and how the notion of “authentically Norwegian” is advertised. The results imply that these topics, and especially the notion of authenticity, are aligned with general tourism imaginaries, which are similar globally.

Purpose: The objectives of this study are to (a) invest adaptively in the cultural assets which play a part in generating the cultural identity manifestations, (b) review a group of sustainable bottom-up-centred and/or circular economy-based projects (CHRISTA and Västra Götaland Regional Development Policy (SE); CLIC; Be.CULTOUR), and (c) strategically support the sustainable culture tourism process in Forsvik (a Swedish industrial heritage destination) by involving the local community members. Design/Methodology/Approach: The research was carried out in Forsvik as a circular governance model adopting a people-centred approach. The research qualitatively presents its review through a descriptive analysis of the aforementioned projects. In addition, the paper consists of two in-depth individual interviews with the key governmental decision makers, as well as the experience of the 1st author as a project leader. Findings: The results show a People–Public–Private Partnership approach, as a community-driven social innovation tool, that seeks to operationalize a strategic dynamic partnership mainly among three partners: (1) people or the host community, (2) the public sector, and (3) the private sector. Originality/Value: One of the contributions of this study is to develop a corporate committee valorising and emancipating the role of community engagement in circular governance providing a sustainable people-centred cultural tourism strategy.

Sometime in the second century CE, Pausanias of Magnesia (modern-day Turkey) wrote the Description of Greece. Ostensibly a tour of the places to see on the Greek mainland, the Description also provides historical accounts related to the topography through which Pausanias moves. Little attention has been given to how these building blocks of narrative, the entities of place and time, relate to and intersect with each other. In this article, we establish a framework for systematically investigating Pausanias’s chronotopes through a process of semantic annotation. We describe our typology for categorizing place and time, with the aim of enabling this text’s database of information — the descriptions of the built environment, its temples, statues, etc. — to be mapped and analysed. Our emphasis, however, is on how the technology equally facilitates close reading, as we trace how individual locations, objects and people relate to each other through the unfolding of chronotopes, and examine how in turn these chronotopes transform our understanding of the spaces of Greece and Greece as a place. We conclude by offering reflections on the potential for semantic annotation of the kind documented here not only for conducting chronotopic investigations of literary geographies, but also for bringing the textualization of space into direct dialogue with the material culture on the ground., VR Time and People in Pausanias

Since the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic the world has changed in many ways. Organizations were left affected in ways that we could not have imagined. This study is a collaboration with the municipal management administration in Halmstad. The aim of this study is to investigate the employees view of their workplace at the municipal management administration in Halmstad by conducting a discourse analysis. The study has a qualitative approach based on seven semi- structured interviews of the employees at seven different departments at the municipal management administration. The identified discourses in this analysis are the life puzzle, digital technology and social interactions. The discourses were analyzed with social constructionist theory. The findings of the analysis show that there is a knowledge gap on how the employees at the municipal management administration in Halmstad conceive their workplace after the pandemic. The hybrid workplace is here to stay, but there is a wish for further knowledge and further research.

Förbättring av elevernas resultat inom matematikämnet och diskussioner angående hur man kan öka elevernas engagemang inom ämnet är ständigt aktuella. Parallellt löper användning av digitala verktyg inom skolans värld til följd av den teknologiska revolutionen som påverkat alla i dagens samhälle. Syftet med denna kunskapsöversikt är att undersöka vad forskning säger om användning av digitala verktyg i matematikundervisning samt hur digitala verktyg används i undervisningen. För att hitta svar på våra forskningsfrågor har vi gjort en systematisk kunskapsöversikt, där tio olika vetenskapliga källor sammanställs. Utifrån de källornas resultat har vi kommit fram till att elevernas resultat i matematikämnet inte kan förbättras bara genom att använda digitala verktyg. Resultaten visar att lärarens roll är väsentlig i detta användade. Vidare kan digitala verktyg har en stor påverkan på elevernas resultat inom matematik genom direkt feedback och genom att öka elevernas engagemang i ämnet om de användes på ett genomtänkt sätt.

Balenciaga was one of the most influential fashion brands of 2022. Due to the attention the brand gets in traditional and social media, and their tendency to address political issues during their fashion shows, I consider it relevant to analyse what the brand communicates ideologically. Hence, this study aims to investigate what ideological values are portrayed through audio-visual elements in Balenciaga’s marketing of the Winter 22 collection. A multimodal critical discourse analysis was made on the Winter 22 runway show and campaign video – with support from theories concerning semiotics, discourse, ideology, hegemony, and brand positioning. The study resulted in four ideological discursive main themes: climate, flight, celebrities, and fashion. Throughout the material a climate discourse was seemingly produced using extreme weather such as snowstorm, flooding, and drought. Grave-looking models walking through a snowstorm in impractical clothing, and the reading of a pro-Ukraine poem gave rise to a flight discourse – a flight caused by climate change or war. The campaign video had a visual focus on celebrities known for their work in popular culture or sports. A fourth pervading theme was fashion, showing a fixation on appearance despite harsh circumstances. These main discourses were used in a marketing genre implicating Balenciaga used climate change and social and political issues to generate more sales. Altogether, in the marketing of the Winter 22 collection Balenciaga used discourses regarding climate, flight, celebrities, and fashion to reproduce the western society’s hegemonic ideologies such as capitalism, materialism, consumerism, individualism, and elitism.

The aim for this study is to research Oatlys advertising campaign Help Dad from the perspective of how their values concerning sustainability are shown through the campaign. Based on the findings and result of the analysis, a discussion is held on if and how Oatly create discussions within society. The empirical material for the study is the Help Dad campaign which consists of four television commercials and an editorial piece from The Guardian. To examine the material, the critical discourse analysis along with the multimodal critical discourse analysis is applied. Interdiscursivity, theories in framing, semiotic theories and concepts in brand communications are used to understand Oatlys campaign, to deepen the discussion on how they market their values. The results show that Oatly equip a type of woke branding and even some “woke-washing” aimed to make a statement and seemingly influence young people to discuss sustainability with their parents. Parents are portrayed as unaware of social and political struggles in the world, while youths are portrayed as clever and strong. Oatly uses different techniques to build a loyal and friendly relationship to their young audience, while trying to convince them to take on more power within their family. They also send a strong message which shows their negative views on dairy products, by comparing drinking milk to alcohol abuse. Lastly Help Dad is criticized for capitalizing on difficult issues and because of the polarizing rhetoric used throughout the campaign. Even though the campaign has gotten a lot of negative reactions, Oatly won a prestigious marketing prize for the commercials. Since this campaign can be seen as polarizing and capitalizing on vulnerable groups, it sets a tone that doesn’t seem like the direction marketing should strive for.

Title: “Ethical dilemmas in school counselors work, a interview study with seven school counselors”: A study of school counselors experiences of ethical dilemmas and relations to students. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the school counselor experience an ethical dilemma when reporting a concern and whether the relationship is affected after the concern report has been made, as well as how the school counselor maintains a good relationship with the student. The study was based on three research questions which were following: Which ethical dilemmas occur when the school counselor finds out that a child maltreatment? How is the relationship between the school counselor and the student affected when the report of concern has been sent to social services? How does the school counselor maintain a good relationship with the student after a report of concern has been sent to social services? The following study is a qualitative study where seven school counselors who work in primary schools were interviewed. Material was produced through previous research in the research area and the search process included both national and global research. During the search process, we discovered that there are knowledge gaps on a national level and globally regarding whether school counselors experience ethical dilemmas and how the relationship with the student can be affected and maintained after a report of concern. The results have been analyzed while relating them to previous research and theories. The results showed that when there was evidence for their concern, the school counselors did not experience any ethical dilemmas, for example in cases of physical violence. On the other hand, the school counselors experience an ethical dilemma in situations that are ambiguous, for example in cases of psychological violence. The school counselors also experience an ethical dilemma when the laws contradict each other, where the best interests of the child as a primar

Jediism is a new religious phenomenon where fictitious material is used as religious source material. The phenomenon is called hyper-real religion because the fictitious source material being used in the real world makes it ‘hyper-real’. This study explored Jediism and its usage of Star Wars as a religious source material. Semi structured interviews with participants from the two largest Jedi communities were conducted: Temple of the Jedi Order and Force Academy. The informats only answered about the Light Aspect of the community, which means that there is still more to be explored in Jediism as it has sides primarily focused on the Dark and the Shadow Aspects of the ‘Force’. Furthermore the phenomenon of Jediism is put in the context within the theoretical approaches of secularization, sacralization and post secularity by Liselotte Frisk and Peter Åkerbäck. By using this theoretical framework the questions regarding who the people are that are looking for this kind of religion, why they chose to be part of it and how the informants from Temple of the Jedi Order and Force Academy speak of Jediism in terms of religious ideas and praxis were explored. It is argued that Star Wars is the main source material for the studied communities and that it's part of a larger religious movement in Europe and the U.S through the processes of secularization, sacralization and post secularity. Jediism and hyper-real religion, as is shown by this study, should be included in the larger religious landscape that has been shaped by other forms of New Age religion.

The purpose of this study is to examine what temple vision the jewish temple activist Gershon Salomon, the unchallenged leader who founded the first ever jewish organization to focus on the significance of the Temple Mount and the rebuilding of the jewish temple, had about the Temple in Jerusalem in Jewish tradition. The study will apply whether Salomons temple vision was a religious/ritual in which the rebuilding of the Jewish temple in Jerusalem was the main goal, a nationalistic/zionist where the significance of the Temple Mount was political, cultural and spiritual rather than religious, or a worldwide temple vision. This will be investigated by using the psychiatric phenomenon of the Jerusalem syndrome as well as Maria Läppekaris (2004/5) definition of apocalyptic representations of the Temple Mount. This study will examine the material which consists of two interviews with Gershon Salomon through a qualitative text method. The results of this thesis found that Gershon Salomons representation of the rebuilding of the temple was nationalistic/zionist.

This thesis examines the role of aesthetic experience of the audience within art exhibitions and its influence on their exhibition making and curatorial decisions of art institutions. This is done by comparing the practices within two case institutions located in Stockholm -Moderna Museet, a public art museum and Bonniers Konsthall, a private art institution. The research questions for this study are: What strategies do Moderna Museet and Bonnier Konsthall use to understand the aesthetic experience of their audience? Do the current visitor surveys used in these institutions capture the aesthetic aspect of the visitor experience? How does this knowledge about the aesthetic experience of the visitor influence the curatorial decisions within the two museums? The material consists of visitor survey questionnaires used in both the institutions as well as interviews that were conducted with staff members of the two institutions. The material is examined using the aesthetic experience theory, in order to focus specifically on the aesthetic aspect of the total visitor experience. The thesis groups the different strategies used within the two institutions in two categories of formal and informal strategies, based on the formality of their conduction. It further compares the practices of the two institutions in order to examine the difference in the perspective of public and private art museums towards their visitors. By eventually tracing how knowledge collected by the formal and informal strategies reinforces each other, the thesis draws a more complete picture of the role the aesthetic experience of the visitor plays within art institutions and their art exhibitions.

This thesis is a study of representations of Pacific Asia in exhibitions in Stockholm. In the Swedish culture and art sphere, a public discussion surrounding Asia is conspicuously absent even though there are significant amounts of residents in Sweden with an Asian background. The thesis analyses three selected exhibitions: Korea Gallery at the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities, Dreamers’ Quay, Dreamers’ Key at Bonniers Konsthall, and From dying to living at Moderna Museet. The material consists of field observations, exhibition catalogs, handouts, wall texts, and interviews with the involved curators alongside with the exhibitions themselves. The thesis aims to initiate a critical discussion around the representations of the so-called “Other” and the implications of curatorial approaches in these exhibitions that primarily revolve around Asian themes with the help of the following research questions: 1) How is Asia portrayed and represented in each exhibition?; 2) What perception of Asia and Asianness is conveyed through the exhibitions as well as by the way of other related material?; and 3) How is the curatorial approach to the exhibitions with ethnographic themes revolving around Asianness? The qualitative case studies assess both the content and visuals of the exhibitions and the preparation processes of the exhibitions, and theoretically, they are informed by Stuart Hall’s theory of representation as well as Hal Foster’s and Miwon Kwon’s writings on the artist as ethnographer. Through an examination of the three case exhibitions, the thesis finds that representations of Asia are varied and have benefited from extensive curatorial efforts but show occasional weaknesses in terms of displaying the Other. The thesis contributes to a better understanding of representations of Asia in exhibitions in Sweden and hopefully paves the way for future research of this kind.

This study examines how the discussion around femdom is conducted in comments on an internet forum. Femdom is a sexual role-taking where the woman is superior to the man in a sexual relationship. A large part of the previous research on sexual power structures is based on a role-taking where the woman is subservient to the man. Therefore, it was studied how and what role gender and power have within the phenomenon of femdom, with a focus on female empowerment in sexual relationships. The approach to study the discussion around femdom in discussion threads was via text analysis with content analysis as a methodological approach. The theories used in the essay were Hirdman's theory of the gender contract and Gagnon & Simon's theory of sexual scripts. The results showed that the discussions around femdom that make up the study's empiricism were focused on gender, power and equality.