139 results on '"Orozco-Levi, Mauricio"'
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102. Injury of Peripheral Muscles in Smokers with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
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Orozco-Levi, Mauricio, primary, Coronell, Carlos, additional, Ramírez-Sarmiento, Alba, additional, Lloreta, Josep, additional, Martínez-Llorens, Juana, additional, Galdiz, Juan B., additional, and Gea, Joaquim, additional
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- 2012
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103. NKG2D Mediates NK Cell Hyperresponsiveness and Influenza-Induced Pathologies in a Mouse Model of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
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Wortham, Brian W., primary, Eppert, Bryan L., additional, Motz, Greg T., additional, Flury, Jennifer L., additional, Orozco-Levi, Mauricio, additional, Hoebe, Kasper, additional, Panos, Ralph J., additional, Maxfield, Melissa, additional, Glasser, Stephan W., additional, Senft, Albert P., additional, Raulet, David H., additional, and Borchers, Michael T., additional
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- 2012
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104. No al “hábito”, sí a la “adicción”. Análisis crítico de un eufemismo asociado al tabaco
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Fonseca, Francina, primary and Orozco-Levi, Mauricio, additional
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- 2012
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105. Respiratory diseases and muscle dysfunction
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Gea, Joaquim, primary, Casadevall, Carme, additional, Pascual, Sergi, additional, Orozco-Levi, Mauricio, additional, and Barreiro, Esther, additional
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- 2012
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106. Functional Blockade Of TNF-Alpha And Myogenic Differentiation In Cells From Peripheral Muscles Of COPD Patients
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Pascual, Sergi, primary, Casadevall, Carme, additional, Martínez-Llorens, Juana, additional, Ausín, Pilar, additional, Orozco-Levi, Mauricio, additional, Barreiro, Esther, additional, and Gea, Joaquim, additional
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- 2011
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107. Dietary modulation of oxidative stress in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients
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de Batlle, Jordi, primary, Barreiro, Esther, additional, Romieu, Isabelle, additional, Mendez, Michelle, additional, Gómez, Federico P., additional, Balcells, Eva, additional, Ferrer, Jaume, additional, Orozco-Levi, Mauricio, additional, Gea, Joaquim, additional, Antó, Josep M., additional, and Garcia-Aymerich, Judith, additional
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- 2010
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108. Increased Inspiratory Oxygen Fractions (FIO2) Using a Conventional Drug Delivery Nebuliser
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Gea, Joaquim, primary, Orozco-Levi, Mauricio, additional, and Gallart, Lluís, additional
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- 2010
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109. Fracciones inspiratorias elevadas de O2 con el uso del dispositivo convencional de nebulización de fármacos
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Gea, Joaquim, primary, Orozco-Levi, Mauricio, additional, and Gallart, Lluís, additional
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- 2010
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110. Systemic Inflammation in COPD
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Gea, Joaquim, primary, Barreiro, Esther, additional, and Orozco-Levi, Mauricio, additional
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- 2009
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111. The Breathing Pattern, an Old Friend Full of Information – But How Do We Get That Information?
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Gea, Joaquim, primary, Orozco-Levi, Mauricio, additional, and Martínez-Llorens, Juana, additional
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- 2009
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112. Citocinas inflamatorias y factores de reparación en los músculos intercostales de pacientes con EPOC grave
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Casadevall, Carme, primary, Coronell, Carlos, additional, Ausín, Pilar, additional, Martínez-Llorens, Juana, additional, Orozco-Levi, Mauricio, additional, Barreiro, Esther, additional, and Gea, Joaquim, additional
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- 2009
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113. Early Pleuropulmonary Toxicity Associated With Cabergoline, an Antiparkinsonian Drug
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Villavicencio, Christian, Ramírez-Sarmiento, Alba, Gayete, Ángel, Grau, Santiago, and Orozco-Levi, Mauricio
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- 2007
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114. Toxicidad pleuropulmonar precoz asociada al tratamiento con cabergolina, un fármaco antiparkinsoniano
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Villavicencio, Christian, Ramírez-Sarmiento, Alba, Gayete, Ángel, Grau, Santiago, and Orozco-Levi, Mauricio
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- 2007
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115. El entrenamiento muscular debe administrarse como un fármaco
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Ramírez-Sarmiento, Alba, primary and Orozco-Levi, Mauricio, additional
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- 2008
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116. Pulmonary Rehabilitation Should Be Prescribed in the Same Way Medications Are Prescribed
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Ramírez-Sarmiento, Alba, primary and Orozco-Levi, Mauricio, additional
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- 2008
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117. Free Radicals, Cytokines, and Respiratory Muscles in COPD Patients
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Gea, Joaquim, primary, Barreiro, Esther, additional, and Orozco-Levi, Mauricio, additional
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- 2007
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118. Letters
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Ramírez, Manuel, primary, Martínez-Llorens, Juana, additional, Bagó, Joan, additional, Colomina, M José, additional, Orozco-Levi, Mauricio, additional, Càceres, Enric, additional, and Gea, Joaquim, additional
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- 2006
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119. The “Oil Well Analogy” as a Comprehensive Interpretation of Factors Leading to Muscle Injury and Wasting
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Orozco-Levi, Mauricio, primary, Lloreta, Josep, additional, and Gea, Joaquim, additional
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- 2006
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120. Skeletal Muscle Adaptations to Disease States.
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Stienen, G.J.M., Bottinelli, Roberto, Reggiani, Carlo, Gea, Joaquim, Barreiro, Esther, and Orozco-Levi, Mauricio
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- 2006
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121. Increased Inspiratory Oxygen Fractions (FIO2) Using a Conventional Drug Delivery Nebuliser.
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Gea, Joaquim, Orozco-Levi, Mauricio, and Gallart, Lluís
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AEROSOL therapy ,DISEASE exacerbation ,OBSTRUCTIVE lung diseases ,RESPIRATORY insufficiency ,HYPOVENTILATION ,OXYGEN therapy ,PATIENTS - Abstract
Copyright of Archivos de Bronconeumología (English Edition) is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Neumologia y Cirugia Toracica (SEPAR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2010
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122. Factors affecting the relationship between psychological status and quality of life in COPD patients.
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Balcells, Eva, Gea, Joaquim, Ferrer, Jaume, Serra, Ignasi, Orozco-Levi, Mauricio, de Batlle, Jordi, Rodriguez, Esther, Benet, Marta, Donaire-González, David, Antó, Josep M., and Garcia-Aymerich, Judith
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OBSTRUCTIVE lung diseases ,RANDOM variables ,ANXIETY ,PSYCHOLOGICAL stress ,DEPRESSED persons - Abstract
Background: This study aims to (i) evaluate the association between anxiety and depressive symptoms and health-related quality of life (HRQoL); and (ii) identify the effect modifiers of this relationship in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: A total of 337 clinically stable COPD patients answered the St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) (assessing HRQoL) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Socio-demographic information, lung function, and other clinical data were collected. Results: Most patients (93%) were male; they had a mean (SD) age of 68 (9) years and mild to very severe COPD (post-bronchodilator FEV
1 52 (16)% predicted). Multivariate analyses showed that anxiety, depression, or both conditions were associated with poor HRQoL (for all SGRQ domains). The association between anxiety and total HRQoL score was 6.7 points higher (indicating a worse HRQoL) in current workers than in retired individuals. Estimates for patients with "both anxiety and depression" were 5.8 points lower in stage I-II than in stage III-IV COPD, and 10.2 points higher in patients with other comorbidities than in those with only COPD. Conclusions: This study shows a significant association between anxiety, depression, or both conditions and impaired HRQoL. Clinically relevant factors affecting the magnitude of this association include work status, COPD severity, and the presence of comorbidities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2010
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123. Structure of the latissimus dorsi muscle and respiratory function.
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OROZCO-LEVI, MAURICIO, GEA, JOAQUIM, SAULEDA, JAUME, COROMINAS, JOSEP M., MINGUELLA, JOAN, ARAN, XAVIER, and BROQUETAS, JOAN M.
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- 1995
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124. Specific IgA and metalloproteinase activity in bronchial secretions from stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients colonized by Haemophilus influenzae
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Millares, Laura, Marin, Alicia, Garcia-Aymerich, J., Sauleda, Jaume, Belda, José, Monso, Eduard, Antó, Josep M., Benet, Marta, De Batlle, Jordi, Serra, Ignasi, Donaire Gonzalez, David, Guerra, Stefano, Gea, Joaquim, Balcells, Eva, Gayete, ADavidngel, Orozco-Levi, Mauricio, Vollmer, Ivan, Barberà, Joan A., Gomez, Federico P., Pare, Carles, Roca, Josep, Rodriguez-Roisin, Robert, Freixa, Xavier, Rodriguez, Diego A., Gimeno, Elena, Portillo, Karina, Ferrer, Jaume, Andreu, Jordi, and Pallissa, Esther
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Male ,Respiratory Mucosa ,Immunoglobulin A ,Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Pulmons -- Malalties obstructives ,Tissue-inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) ,humanos ,metaloproteasas ,Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) ,Bronchi ,Inflammation ,medicine.disease_cause ,esputo ,Microbiology ,Haemophilus influenzae ,Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ,bronquios ,inmunoglobulina A ,medicine ,Humans ,Aged ,lcsh:RC705-779 ,anciano ,Metalloproteinase ,COPD ,biology ,Research ,Sputum ,lcsh:Diseases of the respiratory system ,respiratory system ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,respiratory tract diseases ,Secretory IgA ,Immunology ,Metalloproteases ,biology.protein ,Female ,mucosa respiratoria ,medicine.symptom ,Immunoglobulines ,Bacteria ,Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) - Abstract
Background: Haemophilus influenzae is the most common colonizing bacteria of the bronchial tree in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and positive cultures for this potentially pathogenic microorganism (PPM) has been associated with local inflammation changes that may influence the relationships between H. influenzae and the bronchial mucosa. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of stable COPD patients enrolled in the Phenotype and Course of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (PAC-COPD) Study, focusing on bronchial colonization by H. influenzae, was performed. Specific IgA against the PPM was measured by optical density, and metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) using ELISA in sputum samples. Levels in patients colonized by H. influenzae and non-colonized patients were compared. Results: Sputum supernatant for the measurement of specific IgA against H. influenzae was available from 54 stable COPD patients, who showed levels of specific IgA significantly lower in colonized (n=21) than in non-colonized patients (n=33) (15 [4-37] versus 31 [10-75], p=0.033, Mann-Whitney U test). Proenzyme MMP-9 was measured in 44 patients, and it was higher in colonized (n=12, 1903 [1488-6699] ng/ml) than in non-colonized patients (n=32, 639 [373-972] ng/ml) (p < 0.001, Mann-Whitney U test). Active form of MMP-9 was also higher in colonized (126 [25-277] ng/ml) than in non-colonized patients (39 [14-68] ng/ml) (p=0.021, Mann-Whitney U test), and the molar ratio between proenzyme MMP-9 and TIMP-1 was above 1 (2.1 [0.1-12.5]) in colonized patients, significantly higher than the ratio found in non-colonized patients (0.2 [0.08-0.5]) (p=0.030, Mann-Whitney U test). Conclusions: Clinically stable COPD patients colonized by H. influenzae had lower levels of specific IgA against the microorganism and higher values of the active form of MMP-9 in their sputum supernatant than non-colonized patients. Bronchial colonization by H. influenzae may cause structural changes in the extracellular matrix through a defective defense and the production of active metalloproteinases., We thank Michael Maudsley for providing an outline for this manuscript and support in editing and journal styling. This study was funded by Fondo de Investigacion Sanitaria (PI060684/PI0901612), Fundacio Parc Tauli, Societat Catalana de Pneumologia and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias - CIBERES. CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES is an initiative of Instituto de Salud Carlos III.
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125. CORRESPONDENCE
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Coronell, Carlos, Orozco-Levi, Mauricio, and Gea, Joaquim
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- 2002
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126. Evaluación clínica de la efectividad del dispositivo FIXTRAQ en pacientes con traqueostomía en UCI
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Quintero Manzano, Neikel, Orozco Levi, Mauricio, Pizarro Gómez, Camilo-Ernesto, Uribe Caputi, Juan-Carlos, Anderson Bermon Angarita, Ramírez Sarmiento, Alba-Lucía, and López, Nidya Mireya
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Ventilación mecánica ,Innovación ,Malposición ,Traqueostomía ,Cuidado crítico ,DYNATraq ,Complicaciones ,FixTRAQ - Abstract
75 p. Cd, Introduction: Tracheostomy is a technique frequently used in Intensive Care Units (ICUs), is associated with a significant improvement of the patient, early rehabilitation, reduction of sedation requirements, analgesia, length of stay in ICU and days of MV. The tracheostomy is associated with several complications reported at different times during its use, underestimated by malposition of the tracheostomy and there is a need to guarantee the orientation and stability of the cannula due to the ineffectiveness of traditional fixation systems. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of the FixTRAQ device to maintain tracheostomy cannulas in correct alignment and fixation in adult patients with tracheostomy hospitalized in the ICU and under invasive mechanical ventilation. Methodology: Quasiexperimental study before - after. A convenience sample of 27 patients was included (n = 27); Photographic recording of the angle SIN FixTraq was taken, the device was installed and the angle with the FixTraq was registered, complications and associated clinical factors were registered. Results: The majority of the patients had typical comorbidities of adult patients, with prolonged hospitalizations (18-404 days) and all of them received mechanical ventilation of different duration (1-27 days). The device showed a significant effect (p, Introducción: La traqueostomía es una técnica frecuentemente usada en las Unidades de Cuidado Intensivo (UCI), se asocia a una mejoría significativa del paciente, rehabilitación temprana, reducción de los requerimientos de sedación, analgesia, tiempo de estancia en UCI y días de VM. La traqueostomía se asocia a diversas complicaciones reportadas en distintos momentos durante su uso, subestimados por mal-posición de la misma y existe la necesidad de garantizar la orientación y estabilidad de la cánula, debido a la inefectividad de los sistemas de fijación tradicionales. Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad del dispositivo FixTRAQ para mantener las cánulas de traqueostomía en alineación y fijación correctas en pacientes adultos con traqueostomía hospitalizados en la UCI y bajo ventilación mecánica invasiva. Metodología: Estudio cuasiexperimental antes - después. Se incluye una muestra por conveniencia de 27 pacientes (n=27); se tomó registro fotográfico del ángulo SIN FixTraq, se instala el dispositivo y se registra el ángulo CON el FixTraq, se registraron complicaciones y factores clínicos asociados. Resultados: Los pacientes tenían en su gran mayoría comorbilidades típicas de pacientes adultos, con hospitalizaciones prolongadas (18-404 días) y todos ellos recibieron ventilación mecánica de diversa duración (1-27 días). El dispositivo muestra un efecto significativo (p, Especialización, Especialista en Medicina Crítica y Cuidado Intensivo, CONTENIDO 1. INTRODUCCIÓN 15 2. JUSTIFICACIÓN Y PLANTEAMIENTO DEL PROBLEMA 16 3. OBJETIVOS 18 3.1 OBJETIVO GENERAL 18 3.2 OBJETIVOS ESPECÍFICOS 18 4. MARCO REFERENCIAL 19 4.1. TRAQUEOSTOMÍA 19 4.1.1 Definición 19 4.1.2 Indicaciones 19 4.1.3 Complicaciones 20 4.1.4 Técnicas para la realización de traqueostomías 21 4.2 DISEÑO DE PROTOTIPOS EN 3D 22 4.3 PROCESO DE INYECCIÓN DE DISPOSITIVOS 22 4.4 ANTECEDENTES INVESTIGATIVOS 26 5. HIPÓTESIS 30 5.1 HIPÓTESIS OPERATIVAS 30 6. METODOLOGÍA 31 6.1 TIPO DE ESTUDIO 31 6.1.1 Propósito. 31 6.1.2 Enfoque. 31 6.1.3 Objeto. 31 6.1.4 Diseño. 31 6.1.5 Seguimiento 31 6.1.6 Sentido 31 6.2 UNIDAD DE ESTUDIO. 31 6.2.1 Criterios de inclusión. 31 6.2.2 Criterios de exclusión. 31 6.2.3 Criterios de finalización prematura del estudio. 32 6.3 VARIABLES. 32 6.3.1 Variables descriptivas de la población 32 6.3.2 Variables relacionadas con la 33 6.4 ESTRATEGIA PROCEDIMENTAL 34 6.4.1 Instrumentos. 34 6.4.2 Recolección de Datos 37 6.4.3 Procesamiento y análisis de datos 40 7. RESULTADOS Y DISCUSIÓN 41 7.1 ANALISIS REFERENTE A LA POBLACIÓN DE ESTUDIO. 41 7.2 ANÁLISIS DE LA ESTRUCTURA DEFINITIVA DEL DISPOSITIVO Y SUS CAMBIOS REQUERIDOS 45 7.3 COMENTARIOS RESPECTO DEL PROBLEMA CLÍNICO: PREVALENCIA Y FACTORES RELACIONADOS CON LA MALA POSICIÓN DE LAS CÁNULAS DE TRAQUEOSTOMÍA. 50 7.4 COMENTARIOS RESPECTO DEL EFECTO CORRECTOR DE LA POSICIÓN DE LA CÁNULA DE TRAQUEOSTOMÍA POR EL NUEVO DISPOSITIVO 51 7.5 COMENTARIOS RESPECTO DE LA MORBILIDAD Y MORTALIDAD DE LA POBLACIÓN ESTUDIADA. 54 7.6 COMENTARIOS RESPECTO DEL USO DEL DISPOSITIVO EN PACIENTES CON MORFOBIOTIPOS EXTREMOS 55 7.7 COMENTARIOS RESPECTO DEL ARTEFACTO RADIOLÓGICO 57 7.8 COMENTARIOS RESPECTO DE LOS ASPECTOS PERCEPTUALES DEL USO DEL DISPOSITIVO. 58 7.9 COMENTARIOS RESPECTO A LAS LIMITACIONES DEL ESTUDIO. 62 8. CONCLUSIONES 63 10. REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRAFÍCAS 64 ANEXOS 64- 73, Ej. 1
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- 2017
127. Evaluación de la efectividad de un sistema de visión artificial con capacidad para alerta, auditoria y análisis del lavado de manos en la unidad de cuidado intensivo polivalente de la FCV. Instituto del corazón de Floridablanca
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Álvarez Ribero, Javier G., Orozco Levi, Mauricio, Pizarro Gómez, Camilo-Ernesto, Serpa Pérez, Piedad Cecilia, Anderson Bermon Angarita, Ramírez Sarmiento, Alba-Lucía, Navas, Alvaro, Dominguez, Clara, Caicedo, Freny, Mogollón, Melisa, and Guio, Diego
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TIC ,Análisis Microbiológico ,Lavado de Manos ,MANitor ,OMS ,Seguridad del Paciente - Abstract
67 p. Cd, La higiene de manos es la principal estrategia para reducir las infecciones intrahospitalarias. Su incumplimiento afecta a las instituciones de salud a nivel mundial. El grupo de Investigación EMICON (Colciencias, cod), cuenta con una innovación basada en tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TICs) denominada MANitor (acrónimo de “MAnos” y “moNITORización”). Esta invención es un “espejo inteligente”, que guía, registra, graba y audita el lavado de manos. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar su efectividad en un entorno hospitalario en términos de cumplimiento del lavado de manos y en unidades formadoras de colonias (UFC) en las manos de quienes acceden a la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI). Estudio cuasiexperimental en el que Se analizaron la proporción de UFC. en individuos que realizaron el lavado de sus manos, así como el cumplimiento del mismo, según criterios de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), mediante cultivos microbiológicos y videograbaciones en el lavabo al ingreso a la uci. en la situación de referencia (MANitor fuera de servicio como comparador), y los cambios asociados a la intervención (MANitor en funcionamiento). Se registraron 1333 ingresos a la UCI. El lavado completo de manos lo cumplieron solo el 12,3% de los individuos que accedieron a la UCI. El 81,4% de este cumplimiento completo se asoció al dispositivo MANitor en servicio .El lavado de manos disminuyó 85,3% el numero de UFC de las manos y, mostró una asociación (p, Hand hygiene is the main strategy for reducing nosocomial infections. Its non-compliance affects health institutions worldwide. The research group EMICON (Colciencias, cod), has an innovation based on information and communication technologies (ICTs) called MANitor (acronym of "Manos" and "moNITORización"). This invention is an "intelligent mirror", which guides, records, records and audits handwashing. This study aimed to evaluate its effectiveness in a hospital environment in terms of compliance with handwashing and colony forming units (CFU) in the hands of those who access the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). This quasiexperimental study in which the proportion of CFU was analyzed. In individuals who performed the washing of their hands, as well as the compliance with the same, according to World Health Organization (WHO) criteria, through microbiological cultures and videotapes in the lavatory upon admission to the uci. In the reference situation (MANitor out of service as a comparator), and changes associated with the intervention (MANitor in operation). There were 1333 admissions to the ICU. Complete hand washing was performed by only 12.3% of the individuals who accessed the ICU. 81.4% of this complete compliance was associated with the MANitor device in service. Handwashing reduced the number of CFUs in the hands by 85.3% and showed an association (p, Especialización, Especialista en Medicina Crítica y Cuidado Intensivo, TABLA DE CONTENIDO LISTADOS ESPECIALES 8 GLOSARIO 12 RESUMEN 13 ABSTRACT 14 1. INTRODUCCIÓN 15 2. PLANTEAMIENTO DEL PROBLEMA Y JUSTIFICACIÓN 16 3. OBJETIVOS 18 3.1. OBJETIVO GENERAL 18 3.2. OBJETIVOS ESPECÍFICOS 18 4. MARCO TEÓRICO 19 4.1. INFECCIONES ASOCIADAS A LA ATENCIÓN EN SALUD Y SU IMPACTO SOBRE LOS ENTORNOS HOSPITALARIOS 19 4.2. ESTRATEGIAS PROPUESTAS Y PRIORIZADAS POR LA OMS PARA PROMOVER LA HIGIENE DE MANOS 20 4.3. ADHERENCIA A LA ESTRATEGIA DE HIGIENE DE MANOS POR PARTE DEL PERSONAL DE SALUD. 22 4.4. AVANCES E INNOVACIÓN (SISTEMA MANITOR) 24 5. HIPÓTESIS 25 6. METODOLOGÍA 26 6.1. TIPO DE ESTUDIO 26 6.2. POBLACIÓN ESTUDIO 27 6.2.1. POBLACIÓN OBJETO 27 6.2.2. CRITERIOS DE SELECCIÓN 27 6.2.3. TAMAÑO DE MUESTRA Y MUESTREO 27 6.3. VARIABLES 28 6.3.1. MEDICIÓN DE VARIABLES PAQUETE DE TRABAJO N1 28 6.3.2. MEDICIÓN DE VARIABLES PAQUETE DE TRABAJO N2 28 6.4. ESTRATEGIA PROCEDIMENTAL 29 6.4.1. INSTRUMENTOS Y DISPOSITIVOS 31 6.4.2. RECOLECCIÓN DE LOS DATOS 31 6.4.3. PROCESAMIENTO Y ANÁLISIS DE LOS DATOS 32 6.4.4. CONSIDERACIONES ÉTICAS 32 7. RESULTADOS Y DISCUSIÓN 34 7.1. RESULTADOS 34 7.2. DISCUSIÓN 41 8. CONCLUSIONES 45 9. RECOMENDACIONES 46 10. BIBLIOGRAFÍA 57, Ej. 1
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- 2017
128. Bioimpedancia eléctrica en pacientes en pos-operatorio de Cirugía cardíaca y en pacientes sometidos a terapia ECMO: Análisis de su potencial utilidad clínica
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Vásquez Rincón, Raúl F., Orozco Levi, Mauricio, Pizarro Gómez, Camilo-Ernesto, and Llanes Pelegrin, Reimundo-Jesús
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Impedancia eléctrica ,Balance hídrico ,Cirugía cardíaca ,ECMO ,Cuidados críticos - Abstract
57 p. cd, El estudio de la composición corporal/hidratación en pacientes con enfermedades crónicas hace parte del manejo clínico actual. La BIA, no es el estándar de oro pero puede llegar a serlo puesto que es económica, segura, fácil de realizar, no invasiva, con resultados reproducibles y aplicables en todas las personas. Dado la evidencia sobre los efectos deletéreos de los balances positivos y negativos en UCI, establecer de manera objetiva el estado de hidratación en cuidados intensivos se convierte en prioridad. Objetivo: Analizar la utilidad clínica de la medición de la impedancia corporal total a través de SFBIA, en pacientes de cuidado intensivo adultos en la FCV. Materiales y métodos: Estudio de cohorte prospectiva. La selección de participantes, recolección de información y análisis se desagregó en paquetes. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo con medidas de tendencia central y de dispersión, utilizando la prueba de coeficiente de correlación de Pearson, prueba t-Student, Ji-cuadrado. Se consideró estadísticamente significativo un valor-p, The study of body corporal composition in health people and those with chronic disorders are part of the clinical management. BIA is a technique that measure conductivity at a tissue level, it is not the gold standard for total body water measure, but in real life, it could be, because it is economic, safe, easy to take, noninvasive, reproducible, and can be apply to everyone. Given the evidence about the negative side effects of positive and negative fluid balance in intensive care unit (ICU), stablish an objective way to evaluate hydration should be a priority in the ICU. Objective: To analyze the clinical utility of the measure of corporal impedance through single frequency bioimpendance (SF-BIA) in ICU patient hospitalized in the FCV ICU. Methods: Prospective cohort study. The selection of patients, taking of information and analysis was running by packages. Demographic and characteristics were described with measures of central tendency, for the bivariate analysis Pearson coefficient, t-Student. Jisquare were used. Results with values of p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant using STATA ® 12.1. Results: No changes were found in BIA related to position or ICU environment. In the first cohort Delta (pre – post) Ω=90,8, correlates with corporal index mass (CIM) and central venous pressure (CVP) p, Especialización, Especialista en Medicina Crítica y Cuidado Intensivo, CONTENIDO 1. INTRODUCCIÓN 7 2. PLANTEAMIENTO DEL PROBLEMA Y JUSTIFICACIÓN 9 3. OBJETIVOS 3.1 OBJETIVO GENERAL 3.2 OBJETIVOS ESPECÍFICOS 11 4. MARCO TEÓRICO 12 5. HIPÓTESIS 20 6. METODOLOGÍA 21 7. RESULTADOS Y DISCUSIÓN 28 8. CONCLUSIONES Y RECOMENDACIONES 47 9. BIBLIOGRAFÍA 51 ANEXO A, Ej. 1
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- 2017
129. Evaluación de la efectividad y seguridad de un sistema de Invención propia para la aspiración supraglótica continua en pacientes intubados y ventilados mecánicamente : El dispositivo 'SUPRATUBE'
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Corredor Figueredo, Marco A., Orozco Levi, Mauricio, Pizarro Gómez, Camilo-Ernesto, Martínez Vega, Ruth Aralí, Bermon Angarita, Anderson, Ramírez Sarmiento, Alba-Lucía, López, Nidya Mireya, and Pineda Parada, Magda
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Supraglotis ,Neumonía Asociada a la Ventilación Mecánica (NAVM) ,Broncoaspiración ,Aspiración de secreciones ,SUPRATUBE - Abstract
102 p. Cd, La broncoaspiración es el principal factor de riesgo para la Neumonía Asociada a la Ventilación Mecánica. En la actualidad no existe un dispositivo que permita la aspiración continua de las secreciones orofaringe en pacientes con ventilación mecánica. El sistema más difundido es la aspiración intermitente que eventualmente pueden precipitar morbilidad. Algunos estudios han demostrado que los tubos orotraqueales con succión “subglótica “disminuyen el riesgo de desarrollar NAVM; su uso no se ha extendido por costos, disponibilidad, y complicaciones locales. En consecuencia, es pertinente Evaluar la eficacia y seguridad del dispositivo de invención propia de aspiración orofaríngea continua denominado “SUPRAtube” en pacientes con intubación orotraqueal y ventilación mecánica. Ensayo clínico cruzado aleatorizado, con muestra analítica de 37 casos incluidos (n=37), los cuales cumplieron las 2 fases definidas en el estudio como referencia vs SUPRAtube, se evaluaron los hallazgos con videoendoscopias antes y después del uso del dispositivo, al igual que el volumen aspirado en cada fase para su comparación. El volumen aspirado con el tratamiento convencional fue (mediana) de 20 mililitros (ml) (rango 0-160 gramos(gr) en 24 horas de estudio y con el SUPRAtube el total de aspirado evidenciado es cinco veces superior (125 gr/24 horas, rango 25-415 ml; p, Bronchoaspiration is the main risk factor for Ventilation Associated Pneumonia (VAP). At present there is no device that allows the continuous aspiration of oropharyngeal secretions in patients with mechanical ventilation. The most widespread system is intermittent aspiration that can eventually precipitate morbidity. Some studies have shown that orotracheal tubes with "subglottic" suction decrease the risk of developing NSTEM; Its use has not been extended by costs, availability, and local complications. It is pertinent to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the SUPRAtube device to continuously aspirate oropharyngeal secretions from patients with invasive mechanical ventilation in the Adult Intensive Care Unit. Randomized crossover trial with an analytical sample of 37 cases included (n = 37), Which fulfilled the 2 phases defined in the study as reference vs SUPRAtube, the findings were evaluated with videoendoscopies before and after the use of the device, as well as the volume aspirated in each phase for comparison. The volume aspirated with the conventional treatment was (median) 20 milliliters (ml) (range 0-160 grams (gr) in 24 hours of study and with the SUPRAtube the total aspirated evidenced is five times superior (125 Adverse events were very low frequency and non-serious (erythema at site of device placement in a patient). These results are relevant from the point of view Clinical view and allow the recommendation of multicenter studies to define the impact of SUPRAtube on morbidity and mortality by VAP., Especialización, Especialista en Medicina Crítica y Cuidado Intensivo, CONTENIDO 1. INTRODUCCIÓN 16 2. JUSTIFICACIÓN 18 3. OBJETIVOS 20 3.1 OBJETIVO GENERAL 20 3.2 OBJETIVOS ESPECÍFICOS 20 4. MARCO REFERENCIAL 21 4.1 BRONCOASPIRACIÓN COMO FACTOR DE RIESGO PARA LA APARICIÓN DE NAVM 21 4.3 ANTECEDENTES INVESTIGATIVOS 23 4.3.1 Paquete de trabajo No. 1 23 4.3.2 Paquete de trabajo No. 2 23 4.3.3 Paquete de Trabajo No. 3 24 5. HIPÓTESIS 25 5.1 HIPÓTESIS OPERATIVAS 25 6. METODOLOGÍA 26 6.1 TIPO DE ESTUDIO 26 6.1.1 Propósito. 26 6.1.2 Enfoque. 26 6.1.3 Objeto. 26 6.1.4 Diseño. 26 6.1.5 Seguimiento 26 6.1.6 Sentido 26 6.2 UNIDAD DE ESTUDIO. 26 6.2.1 Criterios de inclusión. 27 6.2.2 Criterios de exclusión. 27 6.2.3 Criterios de finalización prematura del estudio. 28 6.3 VARIABLES. 28 6.3.1 Variables sociodemográficas de la población 28 6.3.2 Variables relacionadas con la eficacia del uso del SUPRAtube 29 6.3.3 Variables relacionadas con la seguridad del uso del SUPRAtube 29 6.3.4 Otras variables de interés 30 6.4 ESTRATEGIA PROCEDIMENTAL 31 6.4.1 Instrumentos. 31 6.4.2 Recolección de Datos 35 6.4.3 Procesamiento y análisis de datos 39 7. RESULTADOS Y DISCUSIÓN 40 7.1 ANÁLISIS GENERAL DE LA POBLACIÓN INCLUIDA EN EL ESTUDIO. 40 7.2 ANÁLISIS DE SEGURIDAD Y FUNCIONAMIENTO DEL DISPOSITIVO. 45 7.3 ANÁLISIS DE EFICACIA DEL DISPOSITIVO 47 7.4 ANÁLISIS DE ASOCIACIONES DE CONTENIDO ASPIRADO CON ASPECTOS CLÍNICOS RELEVANTES. 49 7.5 LIMITACIONES DEL ESTUDIO 50 8. CONCLUSIONES 52 10. REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS 53 ANEXOS 56 - 103, Ej. 1
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- 2017
130. Innovaciones en el entrenamiento de músculos respiratorios en pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) : Diseño de una válvula dual digital con incentivos visual y sonoro, diseño de un software de registro y control del entrenamiento, y evaluación del impacto de un nuevo esquema de entrenamiento corto de alta intensidad
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Cáceres Rivera, Diana Isabel, 1984, Orozco Levi, Mauricio, Marco Navarro, Ester, and Universitat Pompeu Fabra. Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut
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Dispositivo médico ,Músculos respiratorios ,Medical decive ,Respiratory muscle training ,COPD ,616.2 ,EPOC ,Ejercicios respiratorios ,Respiratory muscle - Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Respiratory muscle weakness and fatigue are related to clinical deterioration in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Respiratory muscle training (RMT) is a key therapeutic strategy in these patients. It is necessary therefore to increase its dissemination on a large scale, improve patient´s adherence and optimize the control of the implementation of training. The aim of this project was to design a RMT device including light and sound incentives, digital registration application and analysis of the training sessions, and studying the effectiveness of a new shortened RMT scheme of high intensity that could provide added value to enhance the implementation of training in patients with COPD. METHODS: From an operational point of view, researches were organized into three packages of complementary work focused on the design of a new portable dual valve with electronic lighting and auditory incentives components. The conceptualization and design of software to analyze the performance and individual continuous use of the valve, and the evaluation of the feasibility, safety and efficacy of a shortened schedule of respiratory muscle training in adult patients with COPD were realized. RESULTS: The invention of an integrated dual valve system (inspiratory and expiratory) and its calibration software, adaptation, recording, individual analysis for respiratory muscle training was developed. Interventions allowed showing that inspiratory and expiratory muscle training added value to the general physical training with a response in one or more functional variables in 86% of patients. In fact, the most important occurred in those receiving respiratory training together with high overall intensity more inspiratory and / or expiratory. Patients who perform general training + Shortened RMT of high intensity obtained significant improvements values in PImax, PEmax, Watt, Watt/VO2peak y 6mWT. (p, INTRODUCCIÓN: La debilidad y fatiga de los músculos respiratorios se relacionan con el deterioro clínico (síntomas, signos) y funcional en pacientes con Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica (EPOC). Dado que el entrenamiento muscular respiratorio (EMR) constituye una estrategia terapéutica fundamental para estos pacientes, es necesario aumentar su difusión a gran escala, mejorar la adherencia de los pacientes, y optimizar el control de la ejecución del entrenamiento. El objetivo principal de este proyecto fue diseñar un dispositivo de EMR con incentivo luminoso y sonoro, aplicación digital de registro y análisis de las sesiones de entrenamiento, y a la vez, estudiar la efectividad de un esquema de EMR de alta intensidad y corta duración que, en conjunto, ofrecieran un valor añadido para mejorar la aplicación del entrenamiento en pacientes con EPOC. MÉTODOS: Desde el punto de vista operativo, las investigaciones se organizaron en tres paquetes de trabajo complementarios dirigidas a: 1) diseño de una nueva válvula dual portátil con componentes electrónicos de incentivo lumínico y auditivo, 2) la conceptualización y diseño de un software de análisis del funcionamiento y uso individual y continuado de la válvula, y 3) la evaluación de la eficacia de un esquema acortado de EMR en pacientes con EPOC estable mediante ensayo clínico aleatorizado. RESULTADOS: Se realizó la invención y desarrollo de un sistema integrado de una válvula dual (inspiratoria y espiratoria) y su software de calibración, adecuación, registro y análisis individual para el EMR. Las intervenciones permitieron demostrar que el entrenamiento muscular inspiratorio y espiratorio aporta valor añadido al entrenamiento físico general, con una respuesta ante el entrenamiento en una o más variables funcionales en el 86% de los pacientes. Los pacientes que realizaron entrenamiento general + EMR de corta duración y alta intensidad, obtuvieron mejorías significativas en los valores de PImax, PEmax, Watt, Watt/VO2peak y 6mWT. (p
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- 2017
131. Estudio de la expresión de NKG2D y su ligando MICA en el pulmón como factor de susceptibilidad a la Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica
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Sánchez Font, Albert, Orozco-Levi, Mauricio, Curull Serrano, Víctor, and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Medicina
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MICA ,NKGZD ,hemic and immune systems ,chemical and pharmacologic phenomena ,EPOC ,616.1 ,Ciències de la Salut - Abstract
En la presente Tesis Doctoral, Estudio de la expresión de NKG2D y su ligando MICA en el pulmón como factor de susceptibilidad a la Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica, se demuestra que los ligandos del receptor NK cell group 2D (NKG2D) no se expresan de forma constitutiva en las células epiteliales bronquiales ni alveolares de sujetos sanos sin exposición al humo del tabaco ni en animales (ratones) no tratados previamente. Utilizando muestras de epitelio pulmonar de ratones expuestos al humo del tabaco y cultivos de células epiteliales expuestos a extracto de humo de tabaco in vitro, demostramos que se induce la expresión de RAET1, ligando de NKG2D, activando citotoxicidad. La expresión de MICA (ligando más potente del receptor NKG2D) tiene traducción funcional al precipitar citotoxicidad mediada por células sobre las células epiteliales pulmonares expuestas al humo del tabaco y se traduce en un aumento de la apoptosis en estas células. La expresión de ligandos de NKG2D es independiente de la expresión de receptor NKG2D en los pacientes afectos de EPOC, demostrando que la expresión del ligando es el factor limitante en la activación de los linfocitos T. En los modelos animales se establece una relación de causa-efecto entre la expresión aberrante de los ligandos de NKG2D y las alteraciones histológicas típicas del enfisema pulmonar y el bloqueo específico de la acción de MICA mediante la utilización de anticuerpos monoclonales contra su receptor NKG2D permitió prevenir la aparición de la enfermedad evaluada en términos de enfisema pulmonar. La Tesis incluye estudios de asociación en humanos, estudios de causalidad en modelos animales transgénicos condicionales, y estudios de causalidad in vitro. Los resultados tienen una aplicabilida práctica pues representan una descripción original del biomarcador MICA que, eventualmente, podría inclusive representar una nueva diana terapéutica en el futuro. La publicación de los resultados de la Tesis en la revista de amplio impacto Journal of Clinical Investigation significa que existe una aceptación por pares expertos del ámbito científico especializado en inmunología., In the present thesis, study of the expression of NKG2D and its ligand MICA in the lung as a factor of susceptibility to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, demonstrates that receptor NK cell group 2D (NKG2D) ligands are not expressed constitutive form in the bronchial and alveolar epithelial cells of healthy subjects without exposure to cigarette smoke or in animals (mice) not previously treated. Using primary murine lung epithelium isolated from mice chronically exposed to cigarette smoke and cultured epithelial cells exposed to cigarette smoke extract in vitro, we demonstrated induced expression of the NKG2D ligand retinoic acid early transcript 1 (RAET1) as well as NKG2D-mediated cytotoxicity. Furthermore, a genetic model of inducible RAET1 expression on mouse pulmonary epithelial cells yielded a severe emphysematous phenotype characterized by epithelial apoptosis and increased CTL activation, which was reversed by blocking NKG2D activation. The expression of MICA (most potent ligand NKG2D receptor) has functional translation to precipitate cytotoxicity mediated by cells on lung epithelial cells exposed to the smoke of tobacco and translates into an increase in apoptosis of cells. NKG2D ligand expression was independent of NKG2D receptor expression in COPD patients, demonstrating that ligand expression is the limiting factor in CTL activation. These results demonstrate that aberrant, persistent NKG2D ligand expression in the pulmonary epithelium contributes to the development of COPD pathologies. Our findings that NKG2D mediated CTL activation after exposure to cigarette smoke, that NKG2D ligand expression caused emphysema in transgenic mice, and that NKG2D ligands were aberrantly expressed in the pulmonary epithelium of both animal models and patients with COPD, which coincided with emphysema development, provide mechanistic insight into COPD pathogenesis. Moreover, we demonstrated that anti-NKG2D blocking antibody abrogated emphysema development in the animal model, which suggests the NKG2D pathway maybe a molecular target for complementary treatment and/or prevention of emphysema. The thesis includes association studies in humans, studies of causality in conditional transgenic animal models, and causality in vitro studies. The results have a practical aplicabilida since they represent an original description of the MICA biomarker which, eventually, could even represent a new therapeutic target in the future. The publication of the results of the thesis in the journal of broad impact Journal of Clinical Investigation means that there is an acceptance by expert pairs of science specializing in immunology.
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- 2012
132. Efectes de l'entrenament del diafragma i músculs accessoris de la inspiració en atletes d'èlit. Balanç inflamatori/anti-inflamatori i impacte funcional específic i sistèmic sobre la capacitat d'exercici
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Abeijón Insua, Benedicta, Broquetas Doñate, Juan María, Orozco-Levi, Mauricio, Drobnic Martínez, Francisco, and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Medicina
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Entrenament ,Atletes ,Ciències de la Salut ,Inspiratori - Abstract
Nuestro estudio consistió en la aplicación de un programa de entrenamiento muscular respiratorio (EMR) mediante válvula umbral a un grupo de 19 atletas de élite (7 fondistas, 7 ciclistas y 5 marchistas). Hipótesis de trabajoNuestra hipótesis fue que el EMR es capaz de aumentar la fuerza y la resistencia de los músculos respiratorios (MR) y la capacidad aeróbica total, así como desensibilizar a la disnea.ObjetivosNuestros objetivos principales fueron medir el efecto del EMR sobre la fuerza y la resistencia de los MR, así como sobre la capacidad aeróbica. También se midieron los efectos del EMR sobre la eficiencia respiratoria y la reserva ante la fatiga, así como los parámetros de daño muscular y de inflamación.Material y métodosInicialmente, se realizó una evaluación previa a los atletas consistente en la medición de: presión inspiratoria máxima (PIM), presión espiratoria máxima (PEM), fuerza en mano dominante y no dominante, una prueba de esfuerzo en cicloergómetro, y una prueba de carga máxima tolerada (CMT). En la prueba de CMT se midió la tendencia a la fatiga muscular respiratoria mediante el índice de presión-tiempo (Pti), la actividad muscular respiratoria (AMR) y la disnea mediante la escala de Börg en cada escalón de la prueba. También se realizó una medición antes y después de la prueba de CMT de citoquinas inflamatorias y marcadores de daño muscular. Concretamente, se midió IL-10, IL-6, RANTES, TNF-alfa, IL-1beta, TNF-R60, TNF-R80, IGF-I, IL-1ra y PCR. Para valorar el daño muscular, se midió CK, LDH y GOT.A todos los atletas se les facilitó una válvula inspiratoria tipo umbral y un programa de EMR de 6 semanas de duración en base a su PIM inicial. Tras el EMR, se repitió la evaluación inicial.ResultadosDentro del estudio se realizaron 3 análisis diferenciados: Un primer análisis transversal comparativo entre los atletas y un grupo de sedentarios sanos; un segundo análisis longitudinal comparando antes y después del EMR; y un tercer análisis de correlaciones.El análisis transversal comparativo con el grupo de sedentarios sanos mostró que los atletas tenían más fuerza inspiratoria y espiratoria, así como mayor resistencia de MR.En el análisis longitudinal, tras el EMR se observó un aumento de la PIM y de la CMT, sin observarse cambios en la PEM ni la fuerza en manos. Se observó también un descenso del Pti y del AMR tras el entrenamiento a una misma carga, lo que indica menor tendencia a la fatiga y mayor eficiencia muscular respiratoria. También se observó descenso de la sensación disneica. No se observaron cambios en la capacidad aeróbica. Respecto a los niveles de citoquinas inflamatorias, se observó un aumento basal de RANTES, TNF-alfa, IL-1beta y IGF-I. Se observó también una aumento basal de CK.En el análisis de correlaciones se observó que el grupo de fondistas presentó menor fuerza de MR, siendo el subgrupo que más mejoró tras el EMR., Our study consisted of the application of a respiratory muscle training (RMT) program by means of an inspiratory threshold valve to a group of 19 elite athletes (7 long-distance runners, 7 cyclists and 5 march runners)HypothesisOur hypothesis was that RMT was able to increase strength and resistance of respiratory muscles (RM), and total aerobic capacity, as well as desensitizing to dyspnoea.ObjectivesOur primary targets were to measure the effect of RMT on strength and resistance of RM, as well as on the aerobic capacity. In addition, the effects of RMT on respiratory efficiency and RM fatigue were measured, as well as muscular damage and inflammation parameters.Material and methodsAll athletes went under an initial evaluation, consisting of the measurement of: maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximal espiratory pressure (MEP), hand strength in dominant and non-dominant hand, an effort test in cicloergometer, and a maximal tolerated load (MTL) test. In this test the pressure-time index (Pti), respiratory muscle activity (RMA), and dyspnoea by the Börg scale were measured in every step of the test. In addition, a measurement of inflammatory cytokines and markers of muscular damage was performed before and after the MTL test. Concretely, we measured IL-10, IL-6, RANTES, TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, TNF-R60, TNF-R80, IGF-I, IL-1ra and PCR. In order to evaluate muscular damage, CK, LDH and GOT were measured.All athletes were given an inspiratory valve with a threshold system, and a training program of 6 weeks of duration on the basis of their initial MIP. After RMT, the initial evaluation was repeated.ResultsWithin the study 3 differentiated analyses were made: A first comparative cross-sectional analysis between the athletes group and a group of healthy sedentary; a second longitudinal analysis comparing before and after RMT; and a third correlation analysis.The cross-sectional analysis showed that athletes had higher inspiratory and espiratory strength, as well and greater RM resistance.The longitudinal analysis after RMT showed an increase of MIP and MTL, without changes in MEP or hand strength. A decrease in Pti and RMA was also seen, that reflects a minor tendency towards fatigue and greater respiratory muscle efficiency. In addition, a decrease in dyspnoeic sensation was also seen. No changes were seen in aerobic capacity. With respect to inflammatory cytokines, a basal increase in RANTES, TNF-a, IL-1b and IGF-I was seen, as well as an increase in basal CK.The correlation analysis showed that the long-distance runners had a lower RM strength, besides being the group that improved more after RMT.
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- 2008
133. Pathway to care, treatment and disease burden of pulmonary arterial hypertension: a real-world survey of physicians and patients in Latin America.
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Orozco-Levi M, Souza R, Bluro IM, Harley J, Hernández Oropeza JL, Lescano A, Meyer G, Pineda T, Ramirez A, Small M, Valencia A, and Pulido T
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- Adult, Aged, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Antihypertensive Agents therapeutic use, Brazil epidemiology, Cardiac Catheterization statistics & numerical data, Colombia, Cost of Illness, Cross-Sectional Studies, Latin America epidemiology, Mexico epidemiology, Practice Patterns, Physicians' statistics & numerical data, Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension drug therapy, Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension epidemiology, Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension therapy, Retrospective Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Hypertension, Pulmonary drug therapy, Hypertension, Pulmonary therapy, Hypertension, Pulmonary epidemiology, Quality of Life
- Abstract
Objectives: To investigate clinical characteristics, symptom profile, testing practices, treatment patterns and quality of life (QoL) among patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in Latin America., Design: Data from the Adelphi Real World PAH Disease Specific Programme, a cross-sectional survey with retrospective data collection., Setting: University/teaching hospital, regional centres, private practices and government institutions in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia and Mexico., Participants: 246 physicians provided data for 958 patients, of which 533 patients also self-reported data., Results: Mean (SD) patient age was 53.7 (17) years, 70% of patients were female and 79% were WHO functional class (WHO FC) I-II. Overall, 76% had undergone a right heart catheterisation, ranging from 92% in Argentina to 64% in Brazil (p<0.0001). Only 28% underwent a simplified risk assessment strategy in the past 12 months, ranging from 46% in Argentina to 16% in Brazil. Fatigue and dyspnoea on exertion were reported most commonly by physicians (37% and 53%) and patients (68% and 67%). Patient-physician agreement on symptom reporting was minimal-to-weak (kappa, 0.21-0.42). PAH-specific combination therapy varied across countries (21% Mexico, 30% Brazil, 70% Colombia and 79% Argentina, p<0.0001)). Overall, 73% of patients received a phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor; 52% an endothelin receptor antagonist, 15% a prostacyclin pathway agent and 11% a soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator. The mean (SD) EQ-5D (generic instrument to define quality of life)utility ranged from 0.66 (0.20) to 0.70 (0.20) across countries and the mean (SD) EQ-5D Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was 67.0 (18.10). Lower VAS and utility scores were reported among patients with higher WHO FC (p<0.05)., Conclusions: Patients reported a high burden of PAH in terms of symptoms and QoL, particularly within higher WHO FC. Low usage of risk assessment strategies and PAH-specific combination therapy was seen in Brazil and Mexico. Further research could identify barriers to prescribing optimal treatment., Competing Interests: Competing interests: TPi is an employee of Janssen and is a Janssen shareholder. MS and JH are employees of Adelphi Real World. MO-L, RS, IMB, JLHO, AL, GM, AR, AV and TPu received consulting fees from Janssen., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ Group.)
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- 2024
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134. Clinical Proof of Concept for Stabilization of Tracheostomy Tubes Using Novel DYNAtraq Device.
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Orozco-Levi M, Reyes C, Quintero N, Tiga-Loza D, Reyes M, Sanabria S, Pizarro C, De Hoyos J, Serrano N, Castillo V, and Ramírez-Sarmiento A
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Introduction: Tracheostomy is one of the most common surgical strategies in intensive care units (ICU) and provides relevant clinical benefit for multiple indications. However, the complications associated with its use range from 5 to 40% according to different series. The risk of these complications could be reduced if fixation strategies and alignment of the tracheostomy tube with respect to the tracheal axis are improved., Aim: To build a functional device of technological innovation in respiratory medicine for the fixation and alignment of tracheostomy cannula (acronym DYNAtraq) and to evaluate its feasibility and safety in a pilot study in mechanically ventilated patients., Methods: Study carried out in four phases: (1) design engineering and functional prototyping of the device; (2) study of cytotoxicity and tolerance to the force of traction and push; (3) pilot study of feasibility and safety of its use in tracheostomized and mechanically ventilated patients; and (4) health workers satisfaction study., Results: The design of the innovative DYNAtraq device included, on the one hand, a connector with very little additional dead space to be inserted between the cannula and the ventilation tubes, and, on the other hand, a shaft with two supports for adhesion to the skin of the thorax with very high tolerance (several kilograms) to pull and push. In patients, the device corrected the malpositioned tracheostomy tubes for the latero-lateral (p < 0.001) and cephalo-caudal angles (p < 0.001). Its effect was maintained throughout the follow-up time (p < 0.001). The use of DYNAtraq did not induce serious adverse events and showed a 70% protective effect for complications (RR = 0.3, p < 0.001) in patients., Conclusion: DYNAtraq is a new device for respiratory medicine that allows the stabilization, alignment and fixation of tracheostomy tubes in mechanically ventilated patients. Its use provides additional benefits to traditional forms of support as it corrects misalignment and increases tolerance to habitual or forced movements. DYNAtraq is a safe element and can reduce the complications of tracheostomy tubes., Competing Interests: The authors MOL, CR and ARS declare to be the inventors with intellectual property of the device. The patrimonial property of the device belongs to the FCV institution. MOL reports grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology of Colombia MINCIENCIAS, during the conduct of the study, and has patent licensed to ref NC2016/0002057. The authors report no other potential conflicts of interest for this work., (© 2022 Orozco-Levi et al.)
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- 2022
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135. Invention and Pilot Study of the Efficacy and Safety of the SUPRAtube Device in Continuous Supraglottic Aspiration for Intubated and Mechanically Ventilated Patients.
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Ramírez-Sarmiento A, Aya O, Cáceres-Rivera D, Reyes CF, Espitia A, Pizarro C, Gea J, Castillo VR, and Orozco-Levi M
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Background: Bronchoaspiration of content that accumulates in the supraglottic area (eg, saliva, gastroesophageal reflux) is a risk factor for ventilator-associated pneumonia. A continuous supraglottic suction system may decrease the risk of bronchoaspiration in these patients., Objective: (1) Constructing a conceptual model and functional prototype of a continuous supraglottic suction device for use in humans; (2) defining functional characteristics in ex vivo swine head models; and (3) evaluating its efficacy and safety in mechanically ventilated patients., Methods: Study conducted in three phases. First phase: definition of distances and diameters of the triangle determined by dental arch, posterior oropharynx and vallecula, and diameter of the oropharynx in axial projection; and identification of the declining area of supraglottic suction. Second phase: design engineering and functional prototype evaluated in ex vivo models. Third phase: evaluation of device use in terms of safety and efficacy in ventilated patients., Results: We obtained a final functional model of the SUPRAtube device injected into PVC for medical use. Device effectiveness in in vitro simulation showed a high and fast suction capacity of liquid and thick volumes. Study of swine heads allowed to validate the shape, size and functional fenestration of the device. Study in intubated and mechanically ventilated patients showed a high supraglottic suction capacity and the absence of local adverse events during 72 (7-240) hours of continuous operation., Conclusion: Our study describes the process of conceptualization, design and production of a practical, safe, low-cost continuous supraglottic suction device without representing antibiotic pressure, which appears to be a new complementary preventive strategy for the standard management of intubated and mechanically ventilated patients., Competing Interests: The authors ARS and MOL declare to be inventors with intellectual property of the device. The patrimonial property of the same belongs to the FCV institution. ARS reports grants from MINCIENCIAS, during the conduct of the study, and has a patent Patente Modelo de Utilidad licensed to ref NC2016/0002059. MOL reports grants from Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnologia de Colombia MINCIENCIAS, during the conduct of the study, and has a patent Patente de modelo de utilidad licensed to ref NC2016/0002059. The authors report no other potential conflicts of interest for this work., (© 2021 Ramírez-Sarmiento et al.)
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- 2021
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136. Muscle dysfunction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: update on causes and biological findings.
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Gea J, Pascual S, Casadevall C, Orozco-Levi M, and Barreiro E
- Abstract
Respiratory and/or limb muscle dysfunction, which are frequently observed in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients, contribute to their disease prognosis irrespective of the lung function. Muscle dysfunction is caused by the interaction of local and systemic factors. The key deleterious etiologic factors are pulmonary hyperinflation for the respiratory muscles and deconditioning secondary to reduced physical activity for limb muscles. Nonetheless, cigarette smoke, systemic inflammation, nutritional abnormalities, exercise, exacerbations, anabolic insufficiency, drugs and comorbidities also seem to play a relevant role. All these factors modify the phenotype of the muscles, through the induction of several biological phenomena in patients with COPD. While respiratory muscles improve their aerobic phenotype (percentage of oxidative fibers, capillarization, mitochondrial density, enzyme activity in the aerobic pathways, etc.), limb muscles exhibit the opposite phenotype. In addition, both muscle groups show oxidative stress, signs of damage and epigenetic changes. However, fiber atrophy, increased number of inflammatory cells, altered regenerative capacity; signs of apoptosis and autophagy, and an imbalance between protein synthesis and breakdown are rather characteristic features of the limb muscles, mostly in patients with reduced body weight. Despite that significant progress has been achieved in the last decades, full elucidation of the specific roles of the target biological mechanisms involved in COPD muscle dysfunction is still required. Such an achievement will be crucial to adequately tackle with this relevant clinical problem of COPD patients in the near-future.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
137. Cured meat consumption increases risk of readmission in COPD patients.
- Author
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de Batlle J, Mendez M, Romieu I, Balcells E, Benet M, Donaire-Gonzalez D, Ferrer JJ, Orozco-Levi M, Antó JM, and Garcia-Aymerich J
- Subjects
- Aged, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Respiratory Function Tests, Risk, Smoking adverse effects, Smoking physiopathology, Diet adverse effects, Eating, Meat adverse effects, Patient Readmission statistics & numerical data, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive physiopathology, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive therapy
- Abstract
Recent studies have shown that a high dietary intake of cured meat increases the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) development. However, its potential effects on COPD evolution have not been tested. We aimed to assess the association between dietary intake of cured meat and risk of COPD readmission in COPD patients. 274 COPD patients were recruited during their first COPD admission between 2004 and 2006, provided information on dietary intake of cured meat during the previous 2 yrs, and were followed until December 31, 2007 (median follow-up 2.6 yrs). Associations between cured meat intake and COPD admissions were assessed using parametric regression survival-time models. Mean ± SD age was 68 ± 8 yrs, 93% of patients were male, 42% were current smokers, mean post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV(1)) was 53 ± 16% predicted, and median cured meat intake was 23 g · day(-1). After adjusting for age, FEV(1), and total caloric intake, high cured meat intake (more than median value) increased the risk of COPD readmission (adjusted HR 2.02, 95% CI 1.31-3.12; p=0.001). High cured meat consumption increases the risk of COPD readmission in COPD patients. The assessment of the effectiveness of healthy diet advice should be considered in the future.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
138. [No to "habit", yes to "addiction". Critical analysis of a tobacco-associated euphemism].
- Author
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Fonseca F and Orozco-Levi M
- Subjects
- Drug and Narcotic Control, Ganglionic Stimulants adverse effects, Ganglionic Stimulants metabolism, Habits, Humans, Nicotine adverse effects, Nicotine metabolism, Nicotinic Agonists adverse effects, Nicotinic Agonists metabolism, Smoking adverse effects, Smoking economics, Smoking Prevention, Spain, Tobacco Use Disorder economics, Tobacco Use Disorder genetics, Tobacco Use Disorder prevention & control, Smoking psychology, Terminology as Topic, Tobacco Use Disorder psychology
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
139. Significant ventilatory functional restriction in adolescents with mild or moderate scoliosis during maximal exercise tolerance test.
- Author
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Ramírez M, Martínez-Llorens J, Bagó J, Colomina MJ, Orozco-Levi M, Càceres E, and Gea J
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Exercise Test, Humans, Exercise, Respiratory Insufficiency etiology, Scoliosis complications
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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