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The realization of semiconductor heterostructures marks a significant advancement beyond silicon technology, driving progress in high-performance optoelectronics and photonics, including high-brightness light emitters, optical communication, and quantum technologies. In less than a decade since 1997, nanowires research has expanded into new application-driven areas, highlighting a significant shift toward more challenging and exploratory research avenues. It is therefore essential to reflect on the past motivations for nanowires development, and explore the new opportunities it can enable. The advancement of heterogeneous integration using dissimilar substrates, materials, and nanowires-semiconductor/electrolyte operating platforms is ushering in new research frontiers, including the development of perovskite-embedded solar cells, photoelectrochemical (PEC) analog and digital photonic systems, such as PEC-based photodetectors and logic circuits, as well as quantum elements, such as single-photon emitters and detectors. This review offers rejuvenating perspectives on the progress of these group-III nitride nanowires, aiming to highlight the continuity of research toward high impact, use-inspired research directions in photonics and optoelectronics., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Background: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is one of the most common side effects of chemotherapy, and effective treatments for CIPN are still lacking. For this reason, there is a growing interest in complementary and alternative medicine as a potential source of nonsurgical treatments for CIPN symptoms alongside pregabalin. One such option being explored is Chuna manual therapy (CMT), a traditional Korean manual therapy. Methods: This study compares the effectiveness and safety of using only pregabalin (PG) as a conventional method of treating breast and colorectal cancer patients with CIPN symptoms with a combination of both PG and electroacupuncture (EA) or CMT, while also assessing the feasibility of future large-scale clinical studies. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, only 74 CIPN patients were recruited to this study. Twenty-five were assigned to the PG group, 26 to the PG + EA group, and 22 to the PG + CMT group for a five-week treatment and a four-week follow-up study. Results: For the primary outcome, we evaluated the mean differences in Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy/Gynecologic Oncology Group-Neurotoxicity (FACT/GOG-Ntx) compared to the baseline at week 5 (visit 4). Although we found that the PG + CMT group showed the biggest difference (-16.64 [95% CI: -25.16, -8.11]) compared to the PG group (-8.60 [95% CI: -14.93, -2.27]) and the PG + EA group (-6.73 [95% CI: -12.34, -1.13]), this finding lacked statistical significance ( p = 0.2075). In terms of safety, two patients in the PG + CMT group reported side effects: one bruise and one headache. Conclusions: The low attrition and high adherence rates of all the groups, and the similar rates of side effects among them, support the feasibility of larger-scale follow-up studies.

Purpose: This study analyzed changes in body composition and physical fitness in men with testosterone deficiency (TD) after testosterone treatment (TT) and examined the correlations of body composition and physical fitness with serum testosterone levels and hypogonadal symptoms., Materials and Methods: Seventy patients with TD were divided into control (group I, n=23) and experimental (group II, n=47) groups. Patients in the experimental group were administered intramuscular testosterone enanthate (250 mg) for six months. The aging males symptom scale (AMS) score, international prostate symptom score (IPSS), body mass index, waist circumference, and serum laboratory values were measured at baseline and at the end of the study. Bioelectrical impedance analysis was used to assess the patients' body composition. Seven types of basic exercise tests were used to evaluate the patients' physical fitness., Results: After six months, there were no significant differences in group I, while group II had significantly improved IPSS and AMS scores; increased hemoglobin, hematocrit, prostate-specific antigen, and testosterone levels and skeletal muscle mass; and waist circumference, and body fat mass. All elements of the physical fitness test were significantly improved in group II, with the exceptions of flexibility and endurance. Decreased waist circumference was correlated with changes in testosterone levels in group II, and the IPSS, cardiorespiratory fitness, and agility were correlated with improved hypogonadal symptoms., Conclusions: TT improved the hypogonadal and lower urinary tract symptoms in patients with TD and improved body composition, physical fitness, and metabolic syndrome parameters. Increased testosterone and improved hypogonadal symptoms were correlated with a decrease in waist circumference and an improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness and agility. As such, when implementing TT, we should consider whether these areas may be improved, as this can help to predict the effect., Competing Interests: The authors have nothing to disclose., (Copyright © 2024 Korean Society for Sexual Medicine and Andrology.)

The study of metabolomics in natural products using the diverse analytical instruments including GC-MS, LC-MS, and NMR is useful for the exploration of physiological and biological effects and the investigation of drug discovery and health functional foods. Cordyceps militaris has been very attractive to natural medicine as a traditional Chinese medicine, due to its various bioactive properties including anti-cancer and anti-oxidant effects. In this study, we analyzed the metabolite profile in 50% ethanol extracts of C. militaris fruit bodies from three development periods (growth period, matured period, and aging period) using 1 H-NMR, and identified 44 metabolites, which are classified as 16 amino acids, 10 organic acids, 5 carbohydrates, 3 nucleotide derivatives, and 10 other compounds. Among the three development periods of the C. militaris fruit body, the aging period showed significantly higher levels of metabolites including cordycepin, mannitol (cordycepic acid), and β-glucan. Interestingly, these bioactive metabolites are positively correlated with antitumor growth effect; the extract of the aging period showed significant inhibition of HepG2 hepatic cancer cell proliferation. These results showed that the aging period during the development of C. militaris fruit bodies was more highly enriched with bioactive metabolites that are associated with cancer cell growth inhibition.

The purpose of this study was to classify factors of symptoms and signs, which is the same implication with items of factor, from patients with stroke based on the Traditional Korean Medicine (TKM) theory by using factor analysis, and to find out the inter-relations between factors and patterns. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 2905 patients with stroke in 11 Oriental Medicine hospitals of Korea. Outcome measures comprised patterns decided by TKM doctors considering 44 items and 44 items that were based on inspection, listening and smelling, inquiry, and palpation. Factor analysis was used as statistical method for classifying 44 items, and dominant pattern of the four patterns [Qi deficiency (QD), Fire-heat (FH), Yin deficiency (YD), Dampness-phlegm (DP)] for each factor was determined by Chi-square test. Thirty-three items belonged to some factors, but 11 items did not. 14 factors were extracted. Six factors which had a negative loading were separated, and distinguished using hyphen. The fourteen factors accounted for 9.42%, 6.97%, 5.75%, 4.22%, 4.15%, 3.82%, 3.32%, 3.14%, 2.95%, 2.65%, 2.62%, 2.47%, 2.37% and 2.29% of total variance respectively, and totally 56.14%. In conclusion, there are 10 factors which belong to exclusive pattern, and 9 factors which belong to inter-related pattern. It was statistically found out that there are inter-relation between DP and QD, between DP and FH, between FH and YD, and between YD and QD for stroke patients.

Differences in the value that individual clinicians place on each clinical indicator, when performing pattern identification, can be a significant obstacle in achieving accurate and consistent pattern identification. In this study, we aimed to identify and rank the importance of clinical indicators that correspond to each pattern. During the fundamental study to standardize and objectify the identification of patterns in traditional Korean medicine (TKM) treatment for stroke (the SOPI-Stroke project), we developed the Third Standardization for Pattern Identification (K-SPI-Stroke-III), which includes 44 clinical indicators that belong to one of the four patterns (Dampness-Phlegm, Fire-Heat, Qi deficiency, and Yin deficiency). Between September 2006 and December 2010, a total of 105 TKM doctors from 11 hospitals performed four examinations on 4,012 subjects based on the clinical indicators in the K-SPI-Stroke-III, and they were asked to leave a special mark on the indicators they thought were important, regardless of the number of the indicators. A total of 1,018 patients were included in the study. Among the 44 clinical indicators of the K-SPI-Stroke-III, four indicators were highly significant in differentiating between patterns and the frequency within a pattern. In contrast, another seven indicators were almost useless. Meanwhile, six confounding indicators had outlying values for differentiating between patterns and the frequency within a pattern. In conclusion, the four significant indicators should be actively considered when identifying patterns for strokes in clinical practice. Regarding the six confounding indicators, a further study should be conducted to modify some parts of the current K-SPI-Stroke-III.