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This paper proposes a method to predict mechanical failure-mechanicsm. This method is capable of predicting failure mechanism of diverse geo-hazards, such as landslides, rock slope failures, etc. The method uses the displacement or strain divergence phenomenon in the fatal phase of failure to predict failure mechanism irrespective of failure mechanism, lithology and other parameters. Using the proposed method (RocSlope), prediction of failure mechanism of case histories was done (Rock mass failure and landslides) and laboratory studies (creep tests). In most cases, safe predictions were obtained. RocSlope, is a simple, quick and reliable practical method that revealed independency to volume of failure, lithology and failure mechanism. In addition, two empirical relations to estimate the terminal phase of failure and the critical deformation rate were developed, these practical relations complement the RocSlope method. This research will analysed rock orginally from a cool temperate region in West Hokkaido,Japan was presented. A rock slope deformations of jointed- chert rock were monitored using six surface fracturedisplacement sensors. Some movements that could be related to joint growth were observed. With the RocSlope, rock mass and rock deformations were numerically analysed and joints deformations were dominantly caused by thermal fatigue. Affects of the minor freezing on deformation of rock slope can be seen were observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clean water demands in the community that is increasingly rising must be followed by the availability of adequate water. Supply of clean water in the settlements must be provided with the quality that meets the health standards, sufficient quantities, sustainable as well as easy to get and affordable. Efforts in improving the water service especially to customers of PDAM Tirta Daroy in Kutaran and Podiamat, Alue Naga Village Banda Aceh is related with supply and demand method. The research method performed by evaluating the distribution system (supply) and the customers (demand) of the clean water. This research is in the form of data processing of a survey that conducted by adopting ArcGIS 10.3 and Epanet 2.0 software. The purpose of this research is to create a database of distribution network and customer geographically based, evaluation of distribution system and also to analyze the capacity of the distribution towards the distribution of clean water to customers. The results of the study are creation of distribution network and customers of clean water geographically database by adopting software ArcGIS10.3. The evaluation of distribution network installed toward the amount of water demand is evaluated by using software Epanet 2.0. Objects used in this research is 152 junction, 1 reservoir, 173 pipes, and one pump rated flow at the pump curve by 1.64 litre per second tailored to the needs of customers in Kutaran and Podiamat of 1,453 litre/person/second for needs an average of 150 people per litre per day. Pressure on the simulation relatively stable with the smallest value of 2,840 bar, but the level of water supply to customers less than 50% of the amount of water needed by the customer. The flow value of the pipes 150 with a speed of 0.2965 litre per second. On pipes 308 and 206 pipes there is no flow of water because there is no demand at the junction and the upstream end. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water is the natural resources uses for multi-functional for human purpose. Water reservoir the main structure to supply and distribute water to the communities. According ICOLD world water storage decrease cause of sedimentation. Sedimentation also can damage the structure reservoir and dam. This study was develop to control sedimentation activities by remove away sediment before deposition occur. Siphon model was fabricated in scale 1:40 using 3D printing. Retention wall with dimension 0.49m x 0.46m was install using silicone inside the flume. Two trapping filter with dimension 0.49m x 0.46m had been install using silicone inside the flume in front of siphon outlet to protect the pump from damage. The siphon operation using different water level 0.41m to 0.40m, 0.40m to 0.39m, 0.39m to 0.38m and 0.38m to 0.37m. Sandy silt was use for sediment materials. The sandy silt fill into the rectangular made plywood block with two bar iron use with dimension 1m x 0.49m x 0.08m to block sediment distribute out from siphon inlet when the flume fill in with the water. The pressure manometer tube had been located at siphon in let. The ideal water level for highest siphon performance on water level 0.40m to 0.39m with the highest amount sediment suction 1185g. The lowest pressure 470pa. Type of topography contour at suction inlet of siphon had been observe and identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mapping is a focal and normal errand in mechanical autonomy investigation. Building an exact guide without human help gives a few applications, for example, space missions, search and salvage, reconnaissance and can be utilized in risky regions. One application for mechanical mapping is to gauge changes in territory volume. In this venture postulation, a starter investigation of techniques for estimating territory volume by the utilization of Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) sensor. Various methods are tried, including information blending systems and relapse procedures by the utilization of Gaussian Processes. Be that as it may, for progressively exact volume estimations and better assessment of the calculations, a superior Garmin LIDAR-Lite V3 is required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zeolite Y-gelatin composite was used as a drug carrier/matrix for oral drug delivery system. Zerumbone as a model drug isolated from Zingiber Zerumbet (L) Smith rhizomes was loaded first into zeolite Y before homogenously blending with gelatin solution. The cross-linking of final composite was achieved via cross-linking with glutaraldehyde for 24 hours. Brunauer-Emmet-Teller method (BET) of pore analysis was done in order to determine zerumbone loading into zeolite Y. The effects of cross-linking were investigated using swelling test, x-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermal gravimetric analyser (TGA) analysis. BET pore analysis confirms successful zerumbone loading into zeolite Y. Swelling analyses suggested that concentration of glutaraldehyde at 0.2 v/v% is sufficient to cross-link the composite in order to withstand pH variations in human gastrointestinal tract for 24 hours. XRD analysis expressing the stabilizing effect of zeolite Y on drug as it maintains its structure even after drug loading and cross-linking does not alter the final structure of composite. However, TGA analysis verified that cross-linking improved thermal stability of the gelatin composites, therefore making it possible for oral controlled release application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Concentration of ammoniacal nitrogen at Sg. Skudai had increased due to increasing number of population and amount of chemical usage by industry in the catchment. The purpose of this study is to monitor the reduction amount of ammoniacal nitrogen by using aquatic plant (water hyacinth) and the effectiveness in reducing the ammoniacal nitrogen under climate of Malaysia at certain parameter. Parameter involve in the study are ammoniacal nitrogen, dissolve oxygen, pH, number of hyacinth plants, volume of water and depth of water. These parameters were monitored and measure once per a day for 9 days with continuous observation till 7 weeks. Sample of water and hyacinth plants water were collected at Sg. Skudai. Each of water were divided into three containers as Container A for 6 plants, Container B for 8 plants and Container C for 10 plants. Based from data collected indicate that Container C had reduce most ammoniacal nitrogen as the reduction of ammoniacal nitrogen decrease rapidly due to large amount of plant from 12.09 mg/l to 3.83 mg/l follow by Container B 12.41 mg/l to 3.54 mg/l and lastly Container A from 12.17 mg/l to 3.27 mg/l. The result obtains from day 1 until 7 weeks indicate that the retention time for each Container just in within range of day 1 until 9 as the result rapidly increase after 9 days due to nitrification process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Indonesia, cesarean section is generally performed when there are certain medical indications, as an act of ending a pregnancy with complications. Besides, it also becomes an alternative delivery without medical indication because it is considered easier and more convenient. The rate of cesarean delivery in Indonesia has exceeded the maximum WHO standard limit of 5-15%. The rate of cesarean delivery in Indonesia is 15.3% in the last 5 years. This research is analytic, with a cross-sectional approach, the sampling technique was by accidental sampling with a total of 85 respondents, carried out on May 12 - June 20, 2018, at RSUD Dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh. Data collection was done through distribution of questionnaires, then the chi-square test is performed with a 95% confidence level and a significance limit (a=0.05). Univariate analysis was obtained from 85 respondents, most respondents chose cesarean section delivery with medical indications of 70 respondents (82.4%), multipara parity of 46 respondents (54.1%), experiencing preeclampsia as many as 45 respondents (52.9%), have a history of cesarean section that is 54 respondents (63.5%), experience premature rupture of membranes that are 49 respondents (57.6%) and experience fetal distress that is 52 respondents (51.2%). Bivariate analysis showed parity (p=0.002), preeclampsia (p=0,000), history of cesarean section (p=0.003), premature rupture of membranes (p=0,000) and fetal distress (p=0,000). There is a relationship of parity, preeclampsia, history of cesarean section, premature rupture of membranes, and fetal distress with cesarean section selection with medical indications at RSUD Dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh. The need for the Hospital, especially obstetricians and gynecologists to consider cesarean section indications more to avoid labor with the cesarean section which is not a medical indication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Malaysia's commitment to a green Malaysia is unquestionable, particularly with the inception of the National Green Technology Policy a decade ago. One of the key objectives of the policy is raising the awareness of, and educating the general public on green technology since their understanding of it will influence how they receive relevant initiatives. This study, therefore, explores how green technology is portrayed in online news as it is a source of information on the subject. We asked what messages are projected, and particularly if the idea of collaborative efforts required for the success of green technology initiatives is reflected in the news. A scrutiny of 35 news pieces yielded from an internet search suggests that there is low public interest on green technology. The message conveyed to the public is that green technology is commonly the "job" of the government, with very little relevance to the individual. While notions of collaboration between key players are relayed through the news, the scarcity of reporting on the role of academia is of concern. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Effect electroplating process time on medal antique gold colour of zinc alloy material has been investigated. Keys with length of 50 mm is made of zinc alloy material were used as specimens to experiment. Gold electroplating was used to experiment. Experiment condition was conducted at 12 volt with current of 3 ampere, and at 24 volt with 5 ampere. In experiment, the variable of time is 3, 5, 8, 10 and 15 minute, respectively. The experiments of electroplating on medal antique gold colour of zinc alloy material were conducted at 13 times under controlling voltages, currents and duration of test so that it would get antique gold colour. Drying process was carried out at temperature between 100 ˚ and 150 ˚ C using a heating machine. The experiment was based on value diagram of RGB, CMYK, HSV, HSL, CIE*L*ab, CIE*L*ch, CIE*L*uv, Xyz coordinate, Yxy coordinate, and RYB. The result obtained that the colour was almost the same as antique gold colour significantly, when specimen 5 was tested at rectifier of 24 volt with current of 5 ampere in 4 minute of electroplating process and in 1.5 minute for oxidation process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles based Aluminium Interdigitated Electrode (Al IDE) was tested as pH electrodes and measured quantitatively. TiO2 nanoparticle was synthesized using sol-gel method with monoethanolamine (MEA) as a catalyst. The mixing of titanium butoxide as a precursor, ethanol as a solvent and MEA as stabilizer were stirred using magnetic stirrer under ambient temperature. Al IDE were fabricated by conventional photolithography method. TiO2 solution prepared then was deposited on Al IDE using spin-coater and the coated device were annealed at 400°C. Deposition of TiO2 solution on the fabricated Al IDE forms a sensor that promising for development of TiO2 nanoparticle based biosensors. The surface morphologies structural properties were studied using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The small amount of current measurement of this device towards hydrogen and hydroxide ions was measured by Keithley 2450 pico ammeter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prediction of Fatigue strength micro-specimen of non ferrous materials such as aluminum and copper alloys materials has been investigated using micro-fatigue testing machine under rotating bending load. The test was carried out at various specimen diameters such as 1 and 2 mm. The results show that the fatigue strength for micro-specimen with diameter of 1 and 2 mm for copper alloy material was higher than of aluminum alloy material. The fatigue strength for specimen diameter of 2 mm was higher than of specimen diameter of 1 mm. In addition, when compare the fatigue strength of copper and aluminum alloys materials was lower than of fatigue strength of steel materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to media reports, environmental pollution by heavy metals is harmful to the millions of people across the world. Apart from that, heavy metal accumulation may have an effect on animal and plants as well due to their toxicity. In agriculture sector, irrigation with high a toxicity of heavy metals will affect the growth of plant. Rice for example is grown in flooded fields thus are easily immobilized as compared to dryland crop. In fact, this heavy metal is readily available and become severe to paddy plant. Therefore, this study aims to quantify and focus on the concentrations of arsenic and zinc in paddy grains, where it will help a researcher to monitor and trace the amount of heavy metal in paddy field especially in paddy grains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The thermal environment may cause the unintended thermal stress to the solder joint which could lead to the reliability issue. This study aims to study the temperature cycling analysis of various solder materials (i.e., Sn-58Bi, Sn- 3.5Ag and Sn-9Zn) by using the finite element method. A leadless solder joint of the surface mount component was considered and the three-dimensional model was created in the simulation software. The thermo-mechanical aspects (i.e., maximum displacement, stress and strain) of lead-free solder materials were investigated. The simulation results revealed the solder material significantly affects the thermo-mechanical aspects during the temperature cycling test. The maximum stress of the leadless solder joint was concentrated around the interface region of the solder and pad. The lowest stress (195MPa) was noticed on the solder joint when the Sn-58Bi material was applied. This study is expected to provide the understanding of the thermo-mechanical aspects of various solder materials during the temperature cycling test. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditionally, the corns are commonly peeled using knife or any other cutting tools to extract the kernels from the cob before the next processes taken place. However, most of those conventional methods are time-consuming, highly risked to injury as well as resulting in less output. Thus, a new method of corn peeling is necessary to obtain a more convenient and safe cutting technique in order to eliminate the existing drawbacks. A series of idea generation and concept development stages was hence undertaken to develop a new design of corn peeler. Then, the finalized concept was interpreted as a three-dimensional (3-D) model comprising three main parts namely body, handle, and container, in which designed using a computer-aided design (CAD) software. The CAD data was then exported into a 3-D printing software to print out the product. A computational finite element analysis (FEA) was performed on the product to evaluate its performance under simulated mechanical loadings. The pre-processing settings prior to the analysis were set as follow: 1) Element type: four-nodes tetrahedral; 2) Mesh size: 3.0 mm; 3) Material properties: acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) (Young's modulus, E of 2.3 GPa and Poisson's ratio, v of 0.35); 4) Load: 650 N/mm2 (pressure); and 5) Boundary conditions: the bottom surface of the container (fixed in all directions). The FEA results exhibited that the predicted mechanical stress generated within the proposed 3-D printed design model was satisfactorily to provide a convincing response. Moreover, an actual testing was also conducted among different corn peelers and the findings depicted that the proposed product promoted an increase up to 48.7 and 33.3% in peeling time and amount of kernels extracted, respectively. Therefore, the new design of corn peeler which produced through 3-D printing technique is evident to tackle the disadvantages of existing peelers, besides the low cost and rapid processing time offered by additive manufacturing methods without compromising the quality are significantly desirable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study on fluidizations system involved with a new design of different slotted inclination angle perforated plates. The new design was to overcome the disadvantage of the conventional of perforated plate which is most of the distributor didn't have an inclination angle. Results from velocities distribution in each perforated plate are extracted. The designs are produces by using Computer-Aided Design (CAD) while studies on characteristics of air flow are be made using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Each perforated plate design was different in their types of hole (slotted), number of slotted and inclination angle in order to get the best result which respect to the tangential velocity values. The performance of the SFB was assessed in term of velocity distributions values. The higher the tangential velocity, the better the air will be distributed. The most important part to the appropriate design in the plate distributor is slotted inclination angle and the slotted number. The good results in this study were produced by the less number of the slotted on the plate distributor and low slotted inclination angle which is able to produce a high average velocity compared with the less number of slotted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, research using optimization method has gained a place in the research world. Applying in fluidization process due to determine the appropriate processing parameter setting was very lack on fluidization publication. By using Design of Experiment (DOE), it was able to analyze the data from simulation result to propose a new optimum design of spiral blade distributor. In order to determine the appropriate parameter setting, the application of optimization via full factorial design (FFD) method work to improve the parameter such as; (i) pitch length and (ii) inclination angle towards on uniform velocity distribution especially on tangential velocity and low pressure drop. Based on the statistical analysis results, the mean tangential velocity does not show a performance contribution via those parameter. However, the pressure drop results shows a significant correlation by increasing the performance of fluidization systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Breast milk (ASI) is the best natural nutrition for babies because it contains energy and substances needed during the first six months of a baby's life. However, there are times when a mother experiences problems in breastfeeding, the main obstacle is that milk production is not smooth (Saleha, 2013). Data obtained from the Lhoong Health Center in Aceh Besar District, in 2017 the target of exclusive breastfeeding was 277 people, and only 135 people gave exclusive breastfeeding (48.7%). While the number of breastfeeding mothers (infants aged 0-6 months) in the January-November 2018 period was 161 people, 92 people (57.1%) experienced fluency (57.1%), and 69 people (42.8%) were not fluent.The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with the smoothness of breastfeeding in breastfeeding mothers in the Work Area of Lhoong Health Center, Aceh Besar District. This research is analytic with cross sectional approach. The population in this study were all mothers of all breastfeeding infants aged 1-6 months, totaling 150 people. The sampling technique is done by simple random sampling with the number of samples obtained is 60 people. Data collection was carried out on 2-29 April 2019. Data analysis was performed using the chi-square test with a significance limit of 95% (P:S0.05).The results showed there was a relationship of knowledge with the smoothness of breastfeeding in breastfeeding mothers where P-value=0.001, there was an association of IMD with the smoothness of breastfeeding in breastfeeding mothers where P-value=0.029, there was a correlation between frequency of breastfeeding and smoothness of breastfeeding in breastfeeding mothers where P-value=0.005, and there is a relationship between breast care and the smoothness of breast milk in nursing mothers where P-value=0.030. It is expected that health workers can be able to carry out counseling activities about the smoothness of breast milk and also the cause of non-smooth milk so that if breast milk is smooth, the milk needs for infants can be met. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using a conventional fluidization systems might tend to use high energy consumption due to the certain parameter design on fluidization. The current study was run to give some overview on the new method which is might useful in fluidization process especially in mineral processing. By designing a combination of cyclone and the inclination angle of annular blade distributor, the gas will cause swirling flow from the cyclone plenum chamber then pass through the distributor gap and certainly achieve suitable performance in term of uniformity fluidization. Numerical simulation such as Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has been widely used to investigate the parameters that influence the system itself. The parameter design of 60 blade distributor with 15° horizontal inclination angle at different depth (0 mm, 100 mm and 200 mm) via several cone height (150 mm, 200 mm and 250 mm) blade distributor to the cyclone plenum chamber has been applied in this current studies. The CFD software is used to compute and obtain the velocity magnitude. The uniformity of velocity distribution are the crucial investigation as this will be used to determine the optimum SFB systems. Effect of 0 mm depth blade distributor to the cyclone plenum chamber with 200 mm cone height via 60 blade distributors through to 15° of horizontal inclination angle was the most suitable parameter to assist the velocity uniformity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Generally in industry, the fluidization process involves with plate distributor and used a type of perforated plate distributor as their fluidization process. In terms of observation, this type of distributor has used a large amount of energy consumption. Currently, the new design of perforated plate that involved; (i) number of slotted, (ii) slotted width, (iii) slotted length and (iv) thickness distributor has been produced and tested via Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Then, the results from the simulation in each perforated plate are been extracted and analyze by using a Design of Experiment (DOE) method through full factorial design (FFD). Results from the statistical analysis have shown a significant parameter on performance of the fluidization that was assessed by pressure drop values and velocity distributions values. The results from this statistical analysis showed a significant parameter on mean tangential velocity and pressure drop. In conclusion, by using the optimization method the new design of distributor would propose less energy consumption in future fluidization application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, there are numerous methods that involved in optimization. The aim on their researchers is to determine the appropriate processing parameters setting in the systems and process. Studies on fluidization system by using an optimisation method are very scanty. Apart from quality, the consumption energy in the fluidization systems also plays an important role. Therefore, in this study the researchers have using a Design of Experiment (DOE) method that will discrete possible values based on the data extracted from simulation analyzed. By selecting the range of distributor blade and cyclone area (0 mm, 100 mm and 200 mm) via cone height (150 mm, 200 mm and 250 mm) through 60 number of blades and 15° horizontal inclination angle, design of experiment (DOE) has been constructed by using the Full Factorial Design (FFD) approach. Based on the simulation results, data from mean of tangential velocity and pressure drop has been selected to analyze the performance of plenum chamber design in fluidization process. The results from this analysis has shown a beneficial scientific knowledge and alternative solution to the type of plenum chamber to enhance the uniformity of velocity distribution and discharge coefficient produced using optimisation technique in fluidization system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is used to analyse the mixing process inY-shaped micromixer. This study used two different species which is ethanol/water and glycerol/water to see the differences of mixing quality between them based on their diffusion coefficient. The effect of the inlet velocity and mixing angle towards the mixing intensity in the Y-shaped micromixer were investigated via COMSOL Multiphysics software. Mixing intensity quantify the mixing performance is good or bad for every parameter simulated. The finding shows that the lower the inlet velocity, the higher the mixing intensity across the micromixer. The good mixing quality was at inlet velocity of 0.0001m/s while the ideal mixing angle was 90° degree. However, the mixing quality in term of diffusion coefficient, ethanol/water and glycerol/water shows insignificant differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the UPTD Kopelma Darussalam Puskesmas mothers who have children aged≥5 years do not participate in MR vaccination due to MR vaccine issues that are classified as vaccines that contain substances that are contrary to religion (haram). In 2018 the MR vaccination at UPTD Puskesmas Kopelma Darusalam only reached 4.1%. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with maternal absence from MR vaccination in the work area of UPTD Puskesmas Kopelma Darussalam, Banda Aceh City. This research is analytic descriptive with a total sample of 83 respondents. The sampling technique is cluster sampling. Data collection was conducted from 7 to 21 May 2019. The method of data collection was by interview using a questionnaire. Statistical analysis using the chi-square test. The results showed that the relationship of maternal knowledge with MR vaccination (p-value=0,000), the relationship of family support with MR vaccination (p-value=0,000), the relationship between maternal employment status and MR vaccination (p-value=0.246), the relationship between mother's perception with MR vaccination (p-value=0,000), and the relationship between attitudes of health workers and MR vaccination (p-value=0.197. The conclusion of this study is there is a relationship between maternal knowledge, family support, maternal perceptions with MR vaccination and there is no relationship between maternal employment status and attitudes of health workers with MR vaccination. It is hoped that the Government of Aceh can increase the number of MR vaccination achievements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discharge of industrial wastewater containing heavy metals has resulted in serious problems thus effective solution to prevent such pollution is vitally needed. Adsorption technique is a popular method wastewater treatment and studies are focusing on the development of alternative activated carbons derived from biomass as alternative adsorbent with low cost, abundantly available and environment friendly. This paper goes through the treatment of biomass as activated carbon and its application in reducing heavy metals in wastewater. Such technology will reduce the cost of activated carbon production and the cost of biomass disposal as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to determine the quality and characteristics of pectin in Kepok banana peel using extraction methods. The study refers to the results of optimization (CCD) of pectin with optimum conditions for pectin extraction results predicted at pH (2.5), time and temperature (100 °C). Under optimal conditions, the actual pectin yield was 22.57%. The parameters used are equivalent weight, methoxyl content, galacturonase levels and degree of esterification, qualitative analysis of simple sugars and FTIR characteristics. The results obtained the equivalent weight level of 862.07 g / mol, methoxyl content of 3.6% and galacturonic levels or pectin purity of 77.44% and esterification degrees 37.17%. The results of the qualitative analysis of monosaccharides from kepok banana peels pectin showed the presence of arabinose, cellulose, maltose, galactose, fructose and glucose. FTIR characterization results show that functional groups consisting of alcohol groups at 3437 cm−1, C-H groups at 2920.32 cm−1, C=O groups at 1735.99 cm−1, cyclic C-C groups at 1145.75 cm−1 and C-O groups at 1016.52 cm−1. FTIR spectroscopy with each absorption at a certain wave number shows conformity to the structure of pectin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate user acceptance of a Staff Information System at TATI University College (TATIUC), a Higher Learning Institution in Malaysia, using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The evaluation will be based on the two main variables; perceive usefulness and perceive ease of use. This research adopts the criteria of perceive usefulness and perceive ease of use in collecting data from the respondents. Results indicate there are positive correlations between perceived usefulness, perceived ease-of-use and attitude towards the Staff Information System. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research was conducted to study the aggregate impact value (AIV) of fly ash geopolymer artificial aggregate at different sodium hydroxide (NaOH) concentration. This research involves five different concentrations of NaOH solution which are 6M, 8M, 10M, 12M and 14M while ratio of NaOH/NaSi2O3 is constant at 2.5. In this study, the ratio of solid to liquid is fix at 3.0. The characterization of fly ash was observed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Results show that, the sample with 12M of NaOH concentration give the lowest percentage of AIV (22.43%) which denotes a high performance of aggregate in concrete field and also contribute to high performance of concrete while 6M of NaOH concentration gives the highest percentage of AIV (26.95%). The tested results indicated that the significant potential of fly ash geopolymer aggregate as an alternative artificial aggregate in construction materials field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the highway construction industry especially for pavement base material, cement treated material is a conventional method that had been applied. Other than that, there is various types of base can be used such as cement kiln dust, reclaimed asphalt pavement, fly ash, and mine tailings. The usage of this various material can improve the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of the base it terms of the strength. It was found that the UCS is the important properties to indicate the durability of the base. This paper summarized the material and the result of various types of base materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plasma nitriding is a well-established technology. It is used on a large industrial scale, despide of some disadvantages like edge effect, uneven surface temperature, cathode spraying, double cathode effect, accidental arc discharge on the surface. In order to avoid these phenomena, with simple and effective method the necessity of using a polarized screen appeared. It is placed between the cathode piece and the anode of the device. The work is necessary to cover the studies regarding the improvement of the quality surface, following the use of the polarized screen. The samples were treated with and without polarized screen, after the SEM photos were taken and chemically analyzed with EDX probe to highlight the efficiency of the polarized screen for nitriding process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Smooth spillway is a classic design that been use for spilling the massive water flow down from the dam's reservoir. The scale-down model of the smooth spillway with the unsymmetrical shape had been investigating numerically. Due to the unsymmetrical shape, the velocity and the water surface characteristics of at the smooth chute area had been studying by using 3D numerical simulation applixxcation. Realizable κ-e (RKE) turbulence model and volume of fluid (VOF) method had been used to simulate the water flow from the upstream to the downstream of the smooth spillway. The results provide an excellent prediction of the hydraulic characteristics on unsymmetrical smooth chute region. The spanwise of water surface contours and the streamwise water volume fraction profiles were successfully predicted the uneven water surface and the standing waves development at the midplane of spillway. While the streamwise velocity distribution profile has shown slightly different profile pattern at each side of the plane. In the future work will be conducted to validate and verify the simulation results with the experiment results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Immunization is still a big problem in Indonesia. In some regions the UCI (Universal Child Immunization) target has been reached. However, unlike in Aceh, the achievement of immunization in 2016 has not reached the UCI target of only 69.1% and in 2017 there was an increase of 70%, but this figure also has not reached the UCI target. The result of the survey in Kuta Alam Puskesmas found that the immunization coverage has also not reached the UCI target of BCG of 78.8%, HB0 of 82.2%, DPT-HB-Hib 1 of 69.2% and DPT-HB-Hib 3 of 66.2%, polio by 73.8% and measles by 78.5%. Research purposes to know the relation of education, occupation, number of children, and support of family with basic immunization completeness in infant in working area of Puskesmas Darul Imarah Banda Aceh in 2019. Research methods of this study was analytic with cross sectional design. Sampling using total population technique with 64 respondents. The study was conducted on 1-12 May 2019 on mothers who had babies aged 11-12 months. Data collected through distribution of questionnaires. The result of the research showed that there was the variable of occupation at p-value=0.027, the variable of number of children at p–value=0.425, and the variable of number of children at p-value=0.495. Conclusions and suggestions there is a relationship between education, work, knowledge, family support with complete basic immunization for infants and there is no relationship between the numbers of children with complete basic immunization for babies in the work area of Puskesma Kuta Alam Banda Aceh 2019. It is expected to improve the provision of health education to the community, especially mothers who have and will have babies especially in health education about the importance of immunization and completeness of basic immunization for children [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this study was to produce and characterize green material for heat protection based on metakaolin geopolymer–MgO nanoparticles. Metakaolin geopolymer was produced through alkali activation method and acted as a binder or matrix to MgO NPs which was prepared via hydroxide precipitation followed by thermal decomposition of the hydroxide at 750°C for 2 hours. The concentration of MgO NPs was varied from 0, 4, 8 and 12% relative to the mass of metakaolin. The mixture between geopolymer and MgO NPs was molded in accordance to the characterization purposes, and cured at 70°C for 2 hours. The resulting composites were then stored at room temperature in open air for 28 days before performing any measurements. The functional groups between geopolymer species (Si – O – Al) and MgO NPs were examined by using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). The ability of the composite to contain thermal (heat) energy as a function of MgO NPs concentration was measured by using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) from 25°C to 400 °C with a heating rate at 20°C/minute. The heat resistance of the composite was measured by inserting the samples inside nabertherm furnace at 600°C as well as 800°C for 2 hours. The samples were able to withstand 600°C and 800°C and still integrated although their compressive strength were decrease. The results showed that geopolymer-MgO NPs is an excellent green composite for heat protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to determine the characteristics of silk fibers from silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) crosses from local, Japanese, Chinese & European races. This research was conducted by crossing a single cross from four races. The control variables are constant temperature, type of feed and amount of feed given. The results of this study indicate that the characterization of silk fibers obtained the highest fiber length and fiber weight data, namely in crossing Japanese Ras female with Local Race Male, namely fiber length of 1032.4 meters and fiber weight of 0.2552 grams. Whereas the best spinning yield is in crossing local race females with male Chinese race. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anemia in pregnant women will increase the risk of bleeding before and during labor, and caneven cause death of the mother and baby if the pregnant woman is suffering from severe anemia. Pregnant women who suffer from anemia are likely to experience postpartum hemorrhage. The frequency of postpartum hemorrhage is 15-120% of all deliveries. Considering the magnitude of the adverse effects of anemia on pregnant women and fetuses, it is therefore necessary sufficient attention to the problem of anemia. Data obtained from the Lampaseh Community Health Center, the number of pregnant women in 2018 was 315 people, while the number of third trimester pregnant women who experienced anemia was 80 people (52.17%). The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with the incidence of anemia in third trimester pregnant women in the Work Area of Lampaseh Public Health Center in Kuta Raja District Banda Aceh City in 2019. The population in this study were all trimester III pregnant women, amounting to 80 people. The sampling technique was done by Purposive Sampling with a sample size of 30 anemic pregnant women and 30 normal pregnant women. Data analysis was performed using the chi-square test with a significance limit of 95% (P≤0.05). The results showed there was a relationship between age (P-value=0.018), education (P-value=0.010), parity (P-value=0.004), and consumption of Fe tablets (P-value=0.002) with the incidence of anemia in trimester pregnant women III. There was no correlation between KEK status (P-value=0.421) with the incidence of anemia in third trimester pregnant women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metakaolin is one of the mainly used materials in geopolymer due to the aluminosilicate content in it. Besides that, dolomite is also materials that have aluminosilicate content which are lower than metakaolin. Because of that, the properties of metakaolin/dolomite geopolymer were studied. The parameters used for this study are solid to liquid of 0.6, alkaline activator ratio of 2.0 and sodium hydroxide of 10M based on previous studies. The metakaolin/dolomite geopolymer were prepared by mixing the solid precursor and alkaline activator using the mechanical mixer for 5 minutes and then casted in 50×50×50cm mold. The additions of dolomite into metakaolin were done by 10%, 20% and 30% by mass. The metakaolin geopolymer with no addition of dolomite act as the control for this study. The results for 7 days show that the minor addition of dolomite into metakaolin which is 10% gave better properties with 37.36 MPa compared to others. The strength was supported by the morphology analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), water absorption and density test. Morphology analysis shows the surface of lower compressive strength tends to have more pores, cracks, and unreacted materials. Other than that, increment of dolomite addition will only causes decrement of strength that is lower than the control for the geopolymer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The production of the glass fiber reinforced epoxy pipes is produced by filament winding process due to of its low costs, convenient and easy to install. The main objectives of this research is to optimize new fabricated filament winding machine and investigate the effect of winding speed. The problems for a new fabricated filament winding machine that must be optimized at first and lack of data for parameter in winding speed. The production by using filament winding process can be produce varieties of products such as tanks, pipes and vessels. The production of glass reinforced epoxy pipes of filament winding process was used different of winding speed levels. The new fabricated filament winding machine have 6 different winding speed that must be tested to get the optimum mechanical strength results. The process was stopped when the thickness of the samples is about 5.5 mm wall thickness. The samples were tested with density for physical test and compressive strength for mechanical testing. The optimum winding speed to produce high mechanical strength for this new fabricated filament winding machine is winding speed two and the angle of the winding for speed 2 is 55°. This study, helps to determine winding speed for calibrate new filament winding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In current industry, underwater concrete is one of the special type of high performance concrete in which it can perform well at least in strength, workability, service life and probably have a bright future as long as there is a need to construct bridges. With sufficient attention to concrete mix design and placement technique, the underwater concrete casting can be successfully implemented. Thus, this paper investigates the effect of different sodium hydroxide molarity towards the strength of fly ash based geopolymer for underwater concreting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a result of the urban development in the cities, the underground transport has become a priority transit route used by the population, due to the fact that it is a faster route and also due to the need to reduce the road traffic from the surface in order to improve the quality of the air (especially degraded from traffic emissions). Given the large flow of passengers, especially during peak hours, studying the quality of ambient air in underground spaces has become a necessity. Therefore, this paper presents the results of the particulate matter (PM10) measurements, in 4 subway stations in Bucharest, selected according to the flow of people passing through the areas, choosing 2 stations with low flow and 2 very congested (which are intersection railway nodes). Also, in order to identify the influence of the atmospheric air quality on the underground air and the most vulnerable areas prone to lower air quality status, the results of the air pollutant dispersion scenarios realized with the Breeze AERMO software were taken into account. In addition to high level of PM10 concentrations (above the limit permitted by the national law for surface air quality), there were performed laboratory tests in order to identify metal concentration levels (lead, cadmium, manganese, copper and iron). Thus, it has been found that PM10 derives both from the erosion of the rails and the walls of the tunnels and also from the braking system of the subway trains. Furthermore, a connection was observed between the atmospheric air quality measured near the intake ventilation system and the quality of the underground air. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vegetables are a significant component of food strategies and an important source of vitamins through their content in mineral salts and their carbohydrate intake. In this paper are analyzed various factors that can affect the ability of certain vegetable crops from Romania to adapt to different conditions, including the climatic ones. Therefore, soil samples were taken from different crops of vegetables (onion, beans and pepper) and from the water used for irrigation from the study area, located at the Vegetable Research and Development Station, Buzau, located in the south-east of Romania. The content of nutrients, the amount of humus, soil pH and other elements that can influence the development of plants were analyzed, according to relevant published literature. Also, the average air and soil temperature data, from 1961-2013, from the Buzau weather station, were analyzed in order to detect the growth trends of these parameters. Trends of increasing air and soil temperature were detected for the analyzed time span, with higher increases being detected in the decade 2001-2010. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polyethylene has wide applications as a single matrix, however it has a weakness such as low mechanical properties. Kaolin is based mineral filler that offered mechanical performance, it has been used as a cost-effective reinforcing filler for many thermoplastic materials. However, the incorporation of kaolin into thermoplastic often requires the use of compatibilizer or surface treatment to increase the mechanical performance of the composites. In this study, kaolin has been utilized as geo-filler through geopolymerization process by alkaline solution to increase the interfacial adhesion of materials in the composite. Kaolin geo-filler was found having compact structure and to improve the mechanical properties at lower filler loading. Flexural test according to ASTM D790 was performed whereas Scanning Electron Microscopy was used to observe the fracture surface. The testing and micrography are compared with the properties of raw kaolin filler on polyethylene composite. The results found that 8 % of kaolin geo-filler content is optimal for polyethylene composite and show better flexural properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of sustainable materials is greatly essential for green construction. Cement-based grout composition can be arranged by partially replacing cement content with the pozzolanic material such as fly ash, bottom ash, or others. The investigation of the utilization of fly ash replacement partially for cementitious materials of grout for pre-placed aggregate concrete was summarized in this study. This experimental study focused on investigating the appropriate grout composition in term of flow time using flow cone apparatus and compressive strength of the grout. A water-cement ratio, cement-sand ratio, fly-ash dosage in the mixture are the variable of the test. Mechanical properties of grout for pre-placed aggregate concrete, including compressive strength at 7, 14, 28, and 60 days were evaluated. The result indicated that increasing the dosage of pozzolanic material of the grout used in pre-placed aggregate concrete can lead the shorter efflux time and has a significant effect in term of hardened properties of the grout. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Development of hybrid fiber reinforced composite as sustainable alternatives material for some industrial and engineering applications have gained significant interests over past few years. The combination of two different types of reinforcing elements in a single matrix system produce a hybrid composite with special features such as biodegradability, low cost, low specific weight, and in some cases, enhance the mechanical, thermal and water absorption properties compared to single-fiber reinforced composite. In this paper, the mechanical properties (tensile properties, flexural properties and impact strength), thermal expansion and water absorption behavior of hybrid fiber-reinforced composite were reviewed and reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A major concern for any society with reinforced concrete structures is steel corrosion. Much effort has been made to minimize corrosion damages in new structures and develop corrosion protection of existing structures. The physical and mechanical of fly ash-based geopolymer are enhanced with a few factors that influence its high performance than Ordinary Portland Cement concrete in many aspects such as compressive strength, workability, exposure to aggressive environment and high temperature. This review paper focus on effect of physical and mechanical properties of fly ash based geopolymer paste on the corrosion reinforcement bar. The geopolymerization process in geopolymer paste can improve the properties of fly ash-based geopolymers. Hence, the physical and mechanical properties is important the stability and contribute high compressive strength of geopolymer and improve the corrosion resistance of reinforcement bar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, an experimental study on the thermo-mechanical properties of fly ash-metakaolin blend geopolymers is presented. Visual observations, density and mass loss and compression test were conducted on geopolymers heated in a furnace at 200 °C, 400 °C, 600 °C, 800 °C and 1000 °C with a heating rate of 10 °C/min and soaking time of 1 hours. Fly ash-metakaolin blend geopolymers possessed excellent strength of 54.7MPa at ambient temperature and degraded 23.4% to 41.9MPa when exposed 200ᵒC. The tested result show that the geopolymer can perform good residual strength (up to 23.2MPa) after 600ᵒC. The strength of geopolymers decreased to 5.8MPa with increasing temperature up to 800ᵒC. Even so, the geopolymers could withstand high temperature and remained intact. The higher mass loss due to the liberation of water from the surface, led to significant strength degradation in fly ash- metakaolin blend geopolymers. However, geopolymer gels exhibited structural stability at 1000°C, since at this temperature it promotes the reaction of the residue fly ash and metakaolin in the geopolymer samples, leading to a strength increase to 9.1MPa Employing blend fly ash and metakaolin as a precursor in the geopolymers helped to minimize the disruption effect caused by high temperature exposures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the effect of geopolymer paste on the compressive strength, water absorption and porosity. Fly ash is a waste materials produced by combustion of coal at power plant. Fly ash were mixed with alkaline activators that are sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) solutions. The alkaline activator was prepared 24 hours prior to use with the ratio of the mixture of NaOH/Na2SiO3 is 2.5 to 1. The mixture are placed in cylinder mould, compacted and kept in the mould for 24 hours until it hardened and and cured at 60 °C in the oven for 24 hours. The sample were then left for 7, 14 and 28 days before it be tested. It was observed that the fly ash geopolymer paste sample had a optimum results. The compressive strength value for 28 days was 53.92 MPa and the value of water absorption were 0.003 % and porosity were 1.829 %. The pore size decreases and the structures became denser. The porosity and permeability also decreased hence the strength potentially improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present work, a study of the effect of different solid/liquid (S/L) ratio on fly ash geopolymer was investigated. The geopolymer were prepared by mixing fly ash with alkali activator (a mixture of sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate). The S/L ratios were used 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 and 3.5 with fixed sodium silicate/sodium hydroxide ratio of 2.5 and 8M of sodium hydroxide. The geopolymers were cured at room temperature (29°C) for 24 hours and at 60°C for another 24 hours. The testing and analysis of the fly ash geopolymers were performed after 28 days. The geopolymer showed highest compressive strength (37.6MPa) with 3.0 of S/L ratio, further decreased in compressive strength (2.7MPa) was observed at 3.5. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, there are various nanomaterials embedded in construction materials to improve their mechanical performances, durability, heating resistance as well as some specific properties such as self-cleaning and healing abilities. In this context, investigations regarding the effect of SiO2 nano-particles embedded in a cement matrix on mechanical properties and microstructure were performed. For this purpose nano-SiO2 powders were obtained by sol-gel method using different molar ratios of TEOS/ethanol/water. The SiO2 particles formation was confirmed by X-ray fluorescence analyses (XRF) and their nanometric sizes by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technique. The cement based materials admixtures were obtained by using the water/binder ratio (w/b) of 0.5 and nano-SiO2 in the proportions of 0.5%, respectively 0.7 %. The distribution of nano-SiO2 particles within the cement matrix plays an essential role and governs the performance of these products. Therefore, to facilitate the nano-SiO2 particles distribution the mixtures were good homogenized in dry state. The mechanical test results showed that after 28 days of hydration the cement based materials with 0.7% nano-SiO2 content recorded better compressive strengths compared with those of the etalon (E=62MPa vs. M-NS1=72MPa). The microstructure of cement based materials highlighted the presence of Ca(OH)2, ettringite and calcium silicate hydrates as well as nano-SiO2 particles distributed into the cement matrix. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the lead content, the cathode ray tubes (CRTs) glass waste are considered a great environmental risk, as the lead ions from broken CRT glass can leach into soils when in contact with waters from landfills. Currently, the recycling techniques used for CRT glass are limited due to the different compositions of the panel, funnel and neck of the kinescope tube, however, an alternative would be their recycling in binding materials. Accordingly, the paper aims to obtain secondary raw materials that can be used in the building materials sector by using a mixture of CRT glass waste (neck and panel). The plaster mortars were obtained by replacing the sand with CRT glass (its fraction being lower than 0.31 mm) in different proportions - 10%, 20% and 30%. The specimens were mechanically tested after 1, 2 and 7 days of hardening. The compression strengths of the obtained plaster mortars were relatively similar to the reference sample. The specimens were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and the results revealed a porous structure, with frequent micro-cracks. The micrographs highlighted the presence of calcium hydrosilicates and hydroaluminates, ettringite, calcium hydroxide, calcite and some unreacted particles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The evaluation of the pull-out experimental result of the steel reinforcing bar on fly ash-based geopolymer concrete prism is presented in this study. A single reinforcing bar with the nominal diameter (db) of 13mm was pulled out from the geopolymer concrete prism. Three sizes of geopolymer concrete prism were presented, 100×100×200, 150×150×200, and 180×180×200 m3. Hence the ratio of cover thickness to diameter of the bar (c/db) were 3.4, 5.4, and 6.6. The effects of embedment length (Ld) that were 3db, 5db, and 7db were investigated. The results showed that the embedment length changed the mode of failure. The pull-out failure occurred on the specimens with the short embedment length (3db), splitting failure occurred on the long embedment length, and the bar ruptured on the large specimens with longer embedment length (7db). The highest of maximum pull-out load and the bond strength obtained were 77.58 kN and 42.13 MPa, respectively. The maximum pull-out load increased with increasing the embedment length. The bond strength decreased as the embedment length increased. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sturgeon species are a flagship species of the Danube River Basin that acts like an indicator of ecological health. They are protected by several international conventions (CITES, Habitats Directive, the Bern Convention and the Bonn Convention) and are assessed as endangered by the IUCN. Starting from 2011 the National Institute for Research and Development in Environmental Protection (INCDPM) Bucharest has carried monitoring of the Lower Danube River's sturgeon species using acoustic telemetry to quantify the pressures they face, their migration routes and behavior. The Institute employed local fisherman for scientific fishing practices and deployed its specialists for the in situ tagging procedures. As poaching is a constant threat to the sturgeon's wellbeing, the price offered per kilo of catch has steadily increased over time in order to highlight scientific fishing as a viable alternative. All the specimens that were captured were safely released back into the wild following a well-defined protocol that minimized stress during procedures. The distribution by species was as follows: 49.65% Stellate sturgeons, 28.18% Beluga sturgeons, 19.17% Sterlet sturgeons and 3 % Russian sturgeons. Analyzing the financial data has estimated a total investment required for the current monitoring programme comprised of 123.000 EUR for the catch rewards and 328.000 EUR as equipment costs. Further estimates are needed to quantify the cost of human effort, field work and maintenance of the monitoring network. We can safely estimate that these costs would add up to more than 1.000.000 EUR. At present, INCDPM is continuing the monitoring effort resulting in a unique database that can inform the decision makers of the actual conservation state of the sturgeon species so that the appropriate conservation measures can be taken. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Treated wastewater is characterized by its content of physico-chemical and microbiological contaminants and its reuse in irrigation purposes depends on the compatibility between water quality and specific requirements for different soil types/crops. This paper refers to the possibility of applying some chemical treatment processes to wastewater resulting from livestock facilities in order to develop unconventional technological schemes for wastewater treatment. This is in good agreement with the principles of sustainable development regarding the minimisation of raw materials demands by means of reusing the useful components of metallurgical wastes in the form of recovered aluminium sulphate used as coagulation agents in wastewater treatment. Another option for the removal of specific pollutants is the treatment with electrochemically generated ionic aluminium species which is advantageous as regards avoiding the introduction of additional salts in the treated effluent, as the increase of soil salinity has become a more and more common issue in the irrigation practices using reclaimed wastewater. The results have highlighted similar coagulation performances, providing a superior removal efficiency for organic substances (up to 80% BOD) and suspended matter (over 80% TDS) and the partial removal of total coliform bacteria and colour. In the current context of the need to identify new water resources for crop irrigation in areas affected by drought, the diversification of technological solutions for wastewater treatment adapted to their specific conditions is a prerequisite and the solutions proposed accordingly may represent a successful alternative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]