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1,465 results on '"Scott, James G"'

301. Supplemental Material, sj-doc-1-cpa-10.1177_0706743720982437 - Adjunctive Garcinia mangostana Linn. (Mangosteen) Pericarp for Schizophrenia: A 24-Week Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo Controlled Efficacy Trial: Péricarpe d’appoint Garcinia mangostana Linn (mangoustan) pour la schizophrénie : un essai d’efficacité de 24 semaines, à double insu, randomisé et contrôlé par placebo

Author

Alyna Turner, Baker, Andrea, Dean, Olivia M., Walker, Adam J., Seetal Dodd, Cotton, Susan M., Scott, James G., Kavanagh, Bianca E., Ashton, Melanie M., Brown, Ellie, McGrath, John J., and Berk, Michael

Subjects
FOS: Psychology, FOS: Clinical medicine, 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified, 110319 Psychiatry (incl. Psychotherapy)
Abstract

Supplemental Material, sj-docx-1-cpa-10.1177_0706743720982437 for Adjunctive Garcinia mangostana Linn. (Mangosteen) Pericarp for Schizophrenia: A 24-Week Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo Controlled Efficacy Trial: Péricarpe d’appoint Garcinia mangostana Linn (mangoustan) pour la schizophrénie : un essai d’efficacité de 24 semaines, à double insu, randomisé et contrôlé par placebo by Alyna Turner, Andrea Baker, Olivia M. Dean, Adam J. Walker, Seetal Dodd, Susan M. Cotton, James G. Scott, Bianca E. Kavanagh, Melanie M. Ashton, Ellie Brown, John J. McGrath and Michael Berk in The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry

Published
2020
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304. Monotone function estimation in the presence of extreme data coarsening: Analysis of preeclampsia and birth weight in urban Uganda

Author

Starling, Jennifer E., Aiken, Catherine E., Murray, Jared S., Nakimuli, Annettee, and Scott, James G.

Subjects
FOS: Computer and information sciences, Applications (stat.AP), Statistics - Applications
Abstract

This paper proposes a Bayesian hierarchical model to characterize the relationship between birth weight and maternal pre-eclampsia across gestation at a large maternity hospital in urban Uganda. Key scientific questions we investigate include: 1) how pre-eclampsia compares to other maternal-fetal covariates as a predictor of birth weight; and 2) whether the impact of pre-eclampsia on birthweight varies across gestation. Our model addresses several key statistical challenges: it correctly encodes the prior medical knowledge that birth weight should vary smoothly and monotonically with gestational age, yet it also avoids assumptions about functional form along with assumptions about how birth weight varies with other covariates. Our model also accounts for the fact that a high proportion (83%) of birth weights in our data set are rounded to the nearest 100 grams. Such extreme data coarsening is rare in maternity hospitals in high resource obstetrics settings but common for data sets collected in low and middle-income countries (LMICs); this introduces a substantial extra layer of uncertainty into the problem and is a major reason why we adopt a Bayesian approach. Our proposed non-parametric regression model, which we call Projective Smooth BART (psBART), builds upon the highly successful Bayesian Additive Regression Tree (BART) framework. This model captures complex nonlinear relationships and interactions, induces smoothness and monotonicity in a single target covariate, and provides a full posterior for uncertainty quantification. The results of our analysis show that pre-eclampsia is a dominant predictor of birth weight in this urban Ugandan setting, and therefore an important risk factor for perinatal mortality.

Published
2019

307. Adjunctive Garcinia mangostana Linn. (Mangosteen) Pericarp for Schizophrenia: A 24-Week Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo Controlled Efficacy Trial: Péricarpe d’appoint Garcinia mangostana Linn (mangoustan) pour la schizophrénie : un essai d’efficacité de 24 semaines, à double insu, randomisé et contrôlé par placebo

Author

Turner, Alyna, primary, Baker, Andrea, additional, Dean, Olivia M., additional, Walker, Adam J., additional, Dodd, Seetal, additional, Cotton, Susan M., additional, Scott, James G., additional, Kavanagh, Bianca E., additional, Ashton, Melanie M., additional, Brown, Ellie, additional, McGrath, John J., additional, and Berk, Michael, additional

Published
2020
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308. 16Up: Outline of a Study Investigating Wellbeing and Information and Communication Technology Use in Adolescent Twins

Author

Mitchell, Brittany L., primary, Kirk, Katherine M., additional, McAloney, Kerrie, additional, Wright, Margaret J., additional, Davenport, Tracey A., additional, Hermens, Daniel F., additional, Scott, James G., additional, McGrath, John J., additional, Gillespie, Nathan A., additional, Carpenter, Joanne S., additional, O’Callaghan, Victoria S., additional, Medland, Sarah, additional, Christensen, Helen, additional, Martin, Nicholas G., additional, Burns, Jane M., additional, and Hickie, Ian B., additional

Published
2020
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309. Effect of Sodium Benzoate vs Placebo Among Individuals With Early Psychosis

Author

Scott, James G., primary, Baker, Andrea, additional, Lim, Carmen C. W., additional, Foley, Sharon, additional, Dark, Frances, additional, Gordon, Anne, additional, Ward, David, additional, Richardson, Drew, additional, Bruxner, George, additional, Beckmann, K. Martin, additional, Hatherill, Sean, additional, Stathis, Stephen, additional, Dixon, Krystal, additional, Ryan, Alexander E., additional, McWhinney, Brett C., additional, Ungerer, Jacobus P. J., additional, Berk, Michael, additional, Dean, Olivia M., additional, Saha, Sukanta, additional, and McGrath, John, additional

Published
2020
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327. Healthcare costs and resource use associated with negative symptoms of schizophrenia: A systematic literature review.

Author

Weber, Sharon, Scott, James G., and Chatterton, Mary Lou

Subjects
*MEDICAL care costs, *ECONOMIC aspects of diseases, *AUSTRALIAN dollar, *PEOPLE with schizophrenia, *SCHIZOPHRENIA treatment, *SYSTEMATIC reviews
Abstract

Objective: To identify and describe the available literature quantifying the economic burden associated with the negative symptoms of schizophrenia.Methods: A search of five electronic databases (Medline, PsycINFO, EconLit, CINAHL, EMBASE) and hand searches of bibliographies was conducted to identify all relevant articles written in English and published from date of database inception to January 2021. Search strategies included terms for schizophrenia, negative symptoms, direct and indirect costs and health-care resource utilisation. Quality assessment of included articles was undertaken using a standardised checklist for the evaluation of cost of illness studies. Annual costs were converted to 2022 Australian dollars (A$).Results: Four hundred and thirty-six abstracts were identified for inclusion. Following screening, six unique studies utilizing data from 6293 participants with an average age of 40 were identified to inform the review. Study quality was high for four studies. All studies concluded there was a positive relationship between negative symptoms and costs or resource utilisation. Four studies providing cost data show an increase in direct costs per annum associated with negative symptoms (range A$ 4046 to 171,564). The wide range in costs was attributable to between study differences in patient characteristics and cohorts, included costs, and country of study.Conclusion: Health care costs and resource utilisation are associated with negative symptoms in people with schizophrenia. Heterogeneity prevented calculation of an overall dollar value per point increase in negative symptoms. Future research is warranted to further quantify the relationship between negative symptoms and costs, including health sector and societal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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328. Does cannabis use in adolescence predict self‐harm or suicide? Results from a Finnish Birth Cohort Study.

Author

Denissoff, Alexander, Niemelä, Solja, Scott, James G., Salom, Caroline L., Hielscher, Emily, Miettunen, Jouko, Alakokkare, Anni‐Emilia, and Mustonen, Antti

Subjects
COHORT analysis, DRUG abuse, SUICIDE, ADOLESCENCE, ADOLESCENT psychopathology
Abstract

Objective: Longitudinal studies examining the association between adolescent cannabis use and self‐harm are rare, heterogeneous and mixed in their conclusions. We study this association utilizing a large general population‐based sample with prospective data. Methods: The Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 (n = 6582) with linkage to nationwide register data was used to study the association of self‐reported cannabis use at age 15–16 years and self‐harm and suicide death until age 33 (until year 2018), based on register information. Cox regression analysis with Hazard Ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) was used. Psychiatric disorders, parental psychiatric disorders and other substance use were considered as confounders. Results: In all, 6582 (49.2% male) were included in the analysis, and 377 adolescents (5.7%) reported any cannabis use until the age of 15–16 years. Based on register information, 79 (55.7% male) had visited in health care services due to self‐harm, and 22 (90.1% male) had died by suicide. In crude analyses, adolescent cannabis use was associated with self‐harm (HR = 3.93; 95% CI 2.24–6.90). The association between cannabis use and self‐harm remained statistically significant after adjusting for sex, psychiatric disorders at baseline, frequent alcohol intoxications, other illicit drug use, and parental psychiatric disorders (HR 2.06; 95% CI 1.07–3.95). In contrast, the association of cannabis use with suicide did not reach statistical significance even in crude analysis (HR 2.60; 95% CI 0.77–8.78). Conclusion: Cannabis use in adolescence may increase risk of self‐harm independent of adolescent psychopathology and other substance use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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330. Social and Economic Costs of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Across the Lifespan.

Author

Sciberras, Emma, Streatfeild, Jared, Ceccato, Tristan, Pezzullo, Lynne, Scott, James G., Middeldorp, Christel M., Hutchins, Paul, Paterson, Roger, Bellgrove, Mark A., and Coghill, David

Subjects
EXTERNALITIES, ATTENTION-deficit hyperactivity disorder, INVESTMENT policy, JUSTICE administration
Abstract

Objective: To determine the financial and non-financial costs of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) across the lifespan. Method: The population costs of ADHD in Australia were estimated for the financial year 2018 to 2019 using a prevalence approach to cost estimation across all ages. Financial (healthcare, productivity, education and justice systems, and deadweight losses) and non-financial costs were measured (Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs)). Results: The total social and economic cost of ADHD in 2018 to 2019 were US$12.76 billion (range US$8.40 billion to US$17.44 billion, with per person costs of US$15,664 per year). Productivity costs made up 81% of the total financial costs, followed by deadweight losses (11%), and health system costs (4%). Loss in terms of wellbeing was significant (US$5.31 billion). Conclusion: There is a need to raise public awareness of the considerable socioeconomic impact and burden of ADHD in order to drive investment and policy decisions that improve identification and treatment of ADHD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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349. Association of Specific Mental Disorders With Premature Mortality in the Danish Population Using Alternative Measurement Methods

Author

Weye, Nanna, primary, Momen, Natalie C., additional, Christensen, Maria K., additional, Iburg, Kim M., additional, Dalsgaard, Søren, additional, Laursen, Thomas M., additional, Mortensen, Preben B., additional, Santomauro, Damian F., additional, Scott, James G., additional, Whiteford, Harvey A., additional, McGrath, John J., additional, and Plana-Ripoll, Oleguer, additional

Published
2020
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350. The value of early intervention in creating the new mental health system: Response to Allison et al

Author

Chanen, Andrew, primary, Yung, Alison, additional, Killackey, Eoin, additional, Hickie, Ian, additional, Coghill, David, additional, Scott, James G, additional, Scott, Elizabeth, additional, Denborough, Paul, additional, Dixon, Lisa, additional, Fisher, Leeanne, additional, Kane, John, additional, Malla, Ashok, additional, Nordentoft, Merete, additional, Pellen, Daniel, additional, Radovini, Alessandra, additional, and McGorry, Patrick, additional

Published
2020
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