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Background: The association between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and childhood body weight remains controversial, and additional study is needed, especially in Asian populations., Methods: This prospective study investigated the association between maternal glucose concentration, and GDM status and infant body weight from birth to 12 months of age. Linear mixed effects (LME) models and multiple linear regression were used to assess the longitudinal association of GDM with infant growth measured by weight-for-length z-scores (WFLZ), weight-for-age z-scores (WFAZ), and length-for-age z-scores (LFAZ) at birth, 1, 3, 6, 8, and 12 months of age., Results: Offspring born to mothers with GDM had higher WFLZ [β: 0.26 SD units (95% CI: 0.13-0.40)] across infancy than those of mothers without GDM. When stratified analysis by maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) status, the association was pronounced in normal-weight [β:0.28 SD units (95% CI: 0.11-0.45)] and overweight/obese women [β: 0.34 SD units (95% CI: 0.09-0.58)] but not in underweight women (P for interaction < 0.05). Multiple linear regression found that the effect estimate of GDM on infant WFLZ was highest at birth [β: 0.36 SD units (95% CI: 0.11-0.61)], remained significant at 1 [β: 0.22 SD units (95% CI: 0.03-0.41)] and 3 [β:0.19 SD units (95% CI: 0.01-0.37)] months of age and decreased across infancy. Maternal GDM status was not associated with infant WFAZ or LFAZ., Conclusions: Maternal GDM status was associated with infant WFLZ, but not WFAZ or LFAZ. The association between GDM status and offspring WFLZ was more pronounced in early infancy or in normal-weight and overweight/obese women. Increased public health efforts to prevent GDM in normal-weight and overweight/obese pre-pregnancy mothers are recommended to control offspring overweight or obesity.

Based on the hydrogel-AuNP supramolecular sphere (H-Au), a label-free and real-time surface plasmon resonance imaging biosensor has been developed for highly sensitive and specific determination of prostate cancer cell-derived exosomes. After integrating the signal amplification effect of the mass cumulative hydrogel and the LSPR effect of AuNPs with high specific aptamer, the SPRi biosensor for exosome detection exhibited a wide linear range from 1.00 × 10 5 to 1.00 × 10 7 particles/mL with a limit of detection of 1.00 × 10 5 particles/mL. Most importantly, with a strong correlation between the SPRi signal and the t-PSA value measured by the clinical chemiluminescence immunoassay, this biosensor displayed excellent practicability for human serum analysis, which exhibits great potential applications in disease diagnosis and bioanalysis. Prostate cancer has been one of the most threatening diseases in human life and health nowadays. In particular, as cancer metastasizes, it is more likely to cause fracture, paraplegia, and even fatal consequences. However, the predominant t-PSA test needs further improvement for the deficiencies of limited specificity and sensitivity, which is prone to false positive. As one of the noninvasive markers of liquid biopsies, exosome has the potential to be a substitute for t-PSA, which can provide specific and predictive information in disease diagnosis and prognosis. Herein, based on the hydrogel-AuNP supramolecular sphere (H-Au), a label-free and real-time surface plasmon resonance biosensor has been developed for highly sensitive and specific detection of prostate cancer cell-derived exosomes. After integrating the signal amplification effect of mass cumulative hydrogel and LSPR effect of AuNPs with high specific aptamer, this developed SPRi biosensor for exosome detection exhibited a wide linear range from 1.00 × 10 5 to 1.00 × 10 7 particles/mL with a limit of detection down to 1.00 × 10 5 particles/mL. Most importantly, with a strong correlation between the SPRi signal and the t-PSA value measured by the clinical chemiluminescence immunoassay, this biosensor displayed excellent practicability in human serum, which exhibited great potential applications in disease diagnosis and bioanalysis.

Objective: To study the effect of chrysin in inducing apoptosis of human hepatic carcinoma cells and explore the possible mechanism., Methods: Human hepatic carcinoma SMMC-7721 cells treated with DMSO or chrysin at different concentrations (5-200 μg/mL) were examined for changes in the cell proliferation using CCK-8 assay. The morphological changes of SMMC-7721 cells were observed in response to treatment with 5, 10, or 20 μg/mL chrysin, and the changes in the cell nuclei were observed using DAPI nuclear staining. Annexin Ⅴ-FITC/PI flow cytometry was used to determine the cell apoptosis rate. The changes in the apoptosis-related proteins (PARP and caspase-3) and MAPKs signal pathway were detected with Western blotting., Results: Chrysin treatment obviously suppressed the proliferation of SMMC-7721 cells in a dose-dependent manner below the concentration of 60 μg/mL. Chrysin (20 μg/mL) also caused significantly increased cell apoptosis and significant cleavage of PARP and caspase-3. Chrysin significantly activated MAPKs signaling pathway in a time-and dose-dependent manner, with the peak activation level occurring at 15 min. Pretreatment of the cells with specific inhibitors of the MAPKs pathway obviously inhibited the effect of chrysin in inducing cell apoptosis., Conclusions: Chrysin inhibits the proliferation and promotes apoptosis of SMMC-7721 cells by regulating the activation of MAPKs signaling.