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Lymph node status is a key factor in determining stage, treatment, and prognosis in cancers. Small lymph nodes in the fat-rich gastrointestinal and breast cancer specimens are easily missed in conventional sampling methods. This study examined the effectiveness of degreasing pretreatment with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in lymph node detection and its impact on the analysis of clinical treatment-related proteins and molecules. Thirty-three cases of gastrointestinal cancer specimens from radical gastrectomy and 63 cases of breast cancer specimens from modified radical mastectomy were included. After routine sampling of lymph nodes, the specimens were immersed in DMSO for 30 minutes for defatting. We assessed changes in the number of detected lymph nodes and pN staging in 33 gastrointestinal cancer specimens and 37 breast cancer specimens. Additionally, we analyzed histological characteristics, Masson's trichrome special staining, and immunohistochemistry (gastrointestinal cancer: MMR, HER2, PD-L1; breast cancer: ER, PR, AR, HER2, Ki-67, PD-L1). Molecular status was evaluated for colorectal cancer (KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, MSI) and breast cancer (HER2) in gastrointestinal cancer specimens and the remaining 26 breast cancer specimens. Compared to conventional sampling, DMSO pretreatment increased the detection rate of small lymph nodes (gastrointestinal cancer: p<0.001; breast cancer: p<0.001) and improved pN staging in one case each of gastric cancer, colon cancer, and rectal cancer (3/33, 9.1%). No significant difference in the morphology, special staining, protein, and molecular status of cancer tissue after DMSO treatment were found. Based on these results and our institutional experience, we recommend incorporating DMSO degreasing pretreatment into clinical pathological sampling practices., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Inc.)

To improve the capability of nanosecond lasers to process structures with a high aspect ratio, a new method of nanosecond laser processing in closed flowing water was proposed in this paper. The microgrooves on a stainless steel 304 surface were processed by the new method, and the influence of processing parameters on the microgrooves was studied. The comparative experiments of laser processing in still water and overflowing water were also carried out, and the unusual phenomenon of laser processing in different flowing water was discovered by a high-speed camera. The results showed that the flowing velocity played a crucial role in underwater laser processing, and that high flowing velocity could timely remove bubbles in closed flowing water, thus obtaining higher processing efficiency. As the depth of the groove increased, the bubbles firstly affected the processing of the sidewall, causing a circular transition between the sidewall and bottom surface. The reflection of the laser beam by the bubble could cause secondary processing on the sidewall, resulting in a decrease in the taper angle. Based on the above research, the microgroove with a width of 0.5 mm, aspect ratio of 3, and taper angle of 87.57° was successfully processed by a nanosecond laser in closed flowing water. Compared to conventional nanosecond laser processing, laser processing in closed flowing water was more advantageous in processing microgrooves with a small taper angle and high aspect ratio.

Background: Cisplatin (DDP) is one of the important chemotherapy drugs for patients with advanced gastric cancer and metastasis, but its resistance is a bottleneck problem that affects clinical efficacy and patient survival. Eremias multiocellata (EM) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, which has been used in the treatment of precancerous lesions, gastric cancer, liver fibrosis, and other digestive diseases. However, the mechanism of reducing chemotherapy resistance to gastric cancer is still unclear., Methods: We used the MTT assay to evaluate the proliferative viability of gastric cancer parental cell line MKN45 and its drug-resistant cell line MKN45/DDP, and compared their drug-resistance indices. The migration and invasion abilities of MKN45/DDP drug-resistant cells were evaluated using the Transwell assay. Apoptosis in MKN45/DDP drug-resistant cells was detected using flow cytometry. The effect of a combination of EM and cisplatin on the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxides (LPO) in cisplatin-resistant gastric cancer cells was detected using ROS fluorescent probes and a lipid peroxidation assay kit in conjunction with flow cytometry. The effect of EM combined with cisplatin on the level of iron ions was detected by fluorescence probe and confocal laser technique. Hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE staining) was used to detect the histopathologic morphology of drug-resistant gastric cancer in nude mice. Ferroptosis-related proteins were measured using immunohistochemistry. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to detect tumor drug resistance-related genes. The NF-κB/Snail pathway-related proteins, PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway-related proteins, and drug resistance-related proteins were detected by Western blot., Results and Conclusions: The results of in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that EM combined with DDP could effectively inhibit the migration and invasive ability of MKN45/DDP cells, as well as induce apoptosis of MKN45/DDP cells; the combination of the two drugs could significantly increase the levels of ROS, lipid peroxidation and divalent ferric ions in MKN45/DDP cells, at the same time reducing the levels of Ferroptosis-related proteins, which could induce Ferroptosis. In addition, EM combined with DDP can also exert the effect of reversing DDP resistance and increasing the sensitivity of gastric cancer drug-resistant cells to DDP by regulating the NF-κB/Snail signaling pathway, PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, and the expression of drug resistance-related proteins and genes.

The coal gangue in this dataset was subjected to a series of processes, including drying, crushing, and milling. Subsequently, the coal gangue powder was subjected to high-temperature calcination in a muffle furnace, with a heating rate of 4 ℃/min. The pozzolanic activity of coal gangue powder was investigated at various calcination temperatures (600 ℃, 700 ℃, 800 ℃, 900 ℃) and different holding times (1h, 2h). Cement mortar specimens containing calcined coal gangue powder were prepared, and their compressive and flexural strengths were tested to evaluate the reactivity of the calcined coal gangue. In addition, the Rapid, Relevant and Reliable (R3) activity test was conducted to test the reactivity. The thermogravimetric analyzer was employed to determine the TG-DTG curves of coal gangue powder. X-ray diffractometer, Fourier infrared spectrometer and scanning electron microscope were utilized to investigate the microstructure of activated coal gangue powder at different temperature ranges. These data can be used for determining the optimal calcination scheme of coal gangue to maximize its potential as a partial cement clinker replacement in cement production, thereby contributing to cost reduction and carbon emission mitigation., (© 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.)

The UAV-PDD2023 dataset consists of pavement distress images captured by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in China with more than 11,150 instances under two different weather conditions and across varying levels of construction quality. The roads in the dataset consist of highways, provincial roads, and county roads constructed under different requirements. It contains six typical types of pavement distress instances, including longitudinal cracks, transverse cracks, oblique cracks, alligator cracks, patching, and potholes. The dataset can be used to train deep learning models for automatically detecting and classifying pavement distresses using UAV images. In addition, the dataset can be used as a benchmark to evaluate the performance of different algorithms for solving tasks such as object detection, image classification, etc. The UAV-PDD2023 dataset can be downloaded for free at the URL in this paper., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships which have, or could be perceived to have, influenced the work reported in this article., (© 2023 The Authors.)

The impact of Ba-modified peanut shell biochar (Ba-PSB) on Pb(II) removal was studied and BaCl 2 was used as a modifier. It was shown that the PSB obtained at 750 °C had the best adsorption effect, and the Ba-PSB had a larger specific surface area and a good adsorption effect on Pb(II). At pH = 5, concentration was 400 mg/L, time was 14 h, and temperature was 55 °C, the loading amount of black peanut shell biochar (BPSB), red peanut shell biochar (RPSB), Ba-BPSB, and Ba-RPSB reached 128.050, 98.217, 379.330, and 364.910 mg/g, respectively. In addition, based on the non-linear fitting, it was found that the quasi-second-order kinetic model, and isothermal model could be applied to describe Pb(II) adsorption on PSB and Ba-PSB. The adsorption behavior of PSB unmodified and modified was a spontaneous process. Moreover, chemical modification of BPSB, RPSB, Ba-BPSB, and Ba-RPSB for hindering of -COOH and -OH groups revealed 81.81, 77.08, 86.90, and 83.65% removal of Pb(II), respectively, which was due to the participation of -COOH, while 17.61, 21.70, 12.77, and 15.06% was from -OH group, respectively. The increase of cation strength (Na + , K + , Ca 2+ , and Mg 2+ ) will reduce the adsorption capacity of PSB for Pb(II).

Recent advances in human blastoids have opened new avenues for modeling early human development and implantation. One limitation of our first protocol for human blastoid generation was relatively low efficiency. We now report an optimized protocol for the efficient generation of large quantities of high-fidelity human blastoids from naive pluripotent stem cells. This enabled proteomics analysis that identified phosphosite-specific signatures potentially involved in the derivation and/or maintenance of the signaling states in human blastoids. Additionally, we uncovered endometrial stromal effects in promoting trophoblast cell survival, proliferation, and syncytialization during co-culture with blastoids and blastocysts. Side-by-side single-cell RNA sequencing revealed similarities and differences in transcriptome profiles between pre-implantation blastoids and blastocysts, as well as post-implantation cultures, and uncovered a population resembling early migratory trophoblasts during co-culture with endometrial stromal cells. Our optimized protocol will facilitate broader use of human blastoids as an accessible, perturbable, scalable, and tractable model for human blastocysts., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests The authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Breast, lung, and colorectal cancer resistance to molecular targeted therapy is a major challenge that unfavorably impacts clinical outcomes leading to hundreds of thousands of deaths annually. In ERBB2+ cancers regardless of the tissue of origin, many ERBB2+ cancers are resistant to ERBB2-targeted therapy. We discovered that ERBB2+ cancer cells are enriched with poly U sequences on their 3'UTR which are mRNA-stabilizing sequences. We developed a novel technology, in which we engineered these ERBB2 mRNA-stabilizing sequences to unstable forms that successfully overwrote and outcompeted the endogenous ERBB2 mRNA-encoded message and degraded ERBB2 transcripts which led to the loss of the protein across multiple cancer cell types both in the wildtype and drug-resistance settings in vitro and in vivo , offering a unique safe novel modality to control ERBB2 mRNA and other pervasive oncogenic signals where current targeted therapies fail., Competing Interests: CA and OO are co-founders of UTR Therapeutics Inc. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Awah, Glemaud, Levine, Yang, Ansary, Dong, Ash, Zhang and Ogunwobi.)

There is a wide range of pharmacological effects for glycyrrhetinic acid (GRA). Previous studies have shown that GRA could inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells, showing a promising value in the treatment of gastric cancer (GC). Nonetheless, the precise mechanism of the effect of GRA on GC remains unclear. We explored cellular and molecular mechanisms of GRA based on network pharmacology and in vitro experimental validation. In this study, we predicted 156 potential therapeutic targets for GC with GRA from public databases. We then screened the hub targets using protein-protein interaction network (PPI) and conducted clinical correlation analysis. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment showed that GRA made anti-GC effects through multiple targets and pathways, particularly the MAPK signaling pathway. Next, molecular docking results revealed a potential interaction between GRA and MAPK3. In addition, qRT-PCR experiments revealed that 18β-GRA was able to suppress mRNA expression of KRAS , ERK1 and ERK2 in AGS cells. Western blotting results also revealed that 18β-GRA was able to suppress the expression of KRAS and p-ERK1/2 proteins in AGS cells. Additionally, immunofluorescence assays revealed that 18β-GRA inhibited p-ERK1/2 nuclear translocation in AGS cells. These results systematically reveal that 18β-GRA may have anti-tumor effects on GC by modulating the MAPK signaling pathway.

A dual-mechanism energy storage strategy is proposed, involving the electrochemical process of sodium ion battery (SIB) and sodium metal battery (SMB). This strategy is expected to achieve a higher capacity than SIB, and obtain dendrite-free growth of SMB with a well-designed anode. Here, self-constructed bismuth with "sodiophilic" framework and rapid ion transmission characteristics is employed as the sodium host (anode) integrating alloy/de-alloy and plating/stripping process that suppresses the dendrite growth and overcomes the limited capacity of traditional anode. Benefited from this, the capacity (capacity contributed by alloy and plating of sodium in total) of 2000 mAh g -1 can be reached, which can retain up to 800 h at 1 A g -1 . Also, the capacity of 3100 mAh g -1 can be achieved that is ≈7.7 times than that of alloyed-bismuth (Bi). This work proposes a dual-mechanism strategy to tackle the dilemma of high-performance sodium (Na) storage devices, which opens a new avenue for the development of next-generation energy storage device., (© 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Aluminum-ion batteries (AIBs) have attracted great attentions in recent years. Organic materials such as polythiophene (PT) are promising cathode for AIBs. However, the capacity and cyclic stability of conventional organic cathode such as PT are limited by the inadequate degree of reaction and the unstable nature of organic materials. To obtain high-performance organic cathode, a new PT with the ability of self-adaptive re-organization was prepared. During cycling, its molecular chain can be re-organized, and the polymerization mode will change from C α -C α (α-PT) to C β -C β (β-PT). This change leads to smaller steric hindrance and faster kinetics during ion insertion which can lower the reaction energy barrier and stabilize the molecular structure. Benefited by this, AIBs with this cathode can deliver a specific capacity of 180 mAh g -1 (@2 A g -1 ) and a superb stability of 100 000 cycles at 10 A g -1 . High energy density and power density can also be achieved with this cathode., (© 2022 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) undergoing interferon (IFN)-α-based therapies often exhibit a poor HBeAg serological response. Thus, there is an unmet need for new therapies aimed at CHB. This study comprised two clinical trials, including 130 CHB patients, who were treatment-naïve; in the first, 92 patients were systematically analyzed ex vivo for interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) expression and inhibitory molecules expression after receiving Peg-IFN-α-2b therapy. In our second clinical trial, 38 non-responder patients, in whom IFN-α therapy had failed, were treated with or without low-dose IL-2 for 24 weeks. We then examined the hepatitis B virus (HBV)-specific CD8 + T-cell response and the clinical outcome, in these patients. Although the majority of the participants undergoing Peg-IFN-α-2b therapy were non-responders, we observed a decrease in CD25 expression on their CD4 + T cells, suggesting that IFN-α therapy may provide a rationale for sequential IL-2 treatment without increasing regulatory T cells (Tregs). Following sequential therapy with IL-2, we demonstrated that the non-responders experienced a decrease in the numbers of Tregs and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) expression. In addition, sequential IL-2 administration rescued effective immune function, involving signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) activation. Importantly, IL-2 therapy significantly increased the frequency and function of HBV-specific CD8 + T cells, which translated into improved clinical outcomes, including HBeAg seroconversion, among the non-responder CHB patients. Our findings suggest that sequential IL-2 therapy shows efficacy in rescuing immune function in non-responder patients with refractory CHB., (© 2021. The Author(s).)

Fluoride phosphors as red components for warm white LEDs have attracted a tremendous amount of research attention. But these phosphors are extremely sensitive to moisture, which seriously limits their practical industrial applications. To tackle this problem, unlike all the straightforward preventive strategies, a reverse strategy "Good comes from bad" was successfully developed to treat the degraded K 2 SiF 6  : Mn 4+ (D-KSFM) phosphor in the present study, which not only completely restores the luminescence properties, but also significantly enhances the moisture resistance at the same time. After treatment with an oxalic acid solution as restoration modifier, the emission intensity of the D-KSFM phosphor can be restored to 103.7% of the original K 2 SiF 6  : Mn 4+ red phosphor (O-KSFM), and the moisture resistance is remarkably improved. The restored K 2 SiF 6  : Mn 4+ (R-KSFM) maintains approximately 62.3% of its initial relative emission intensity after immersing in deionized water for 300 min, while the reference commercial K 2 SiF 6  : Mn 4+ with a protective coating (C-KSFM) is only 33.2%. As a proof of general applicability, this strategy was also conducted to K 2 TiF 6  : Mn 4+ phosphor, which is less moisture-stable than K 2 SiF 6  : Mn 4+ . The luminescence intensity of the degraded K 2 TiF 6  : Mn 4+ (D-KTFM) phosphor can be restored to 162.6% of original level of the K 2 TiF 6  : Mn 4+ synthesized through a cation exchange approach without any treatment (O-KTFM). The emission intensity of the restored K 2 TiF 6  : Mn 4+ (R-KTFM) phosphor retains 62.8% of its initial emission intensity after soaking in deionized water for 300 min. Finally, the R-KSFM phosphors were packaged into white light-emitting diodes with blue InGaN chips and Y 3 Al 5 O 12  : Ce 3+ yellow phosphors. The WLEDs display excellent color rendition with higher color rendering index, lower color temperature (WLED-II: R a =83.6, R 9 =57.3, 3743 K, η l =199.68 lm/W; WLED-III: R a =90.4, R 9 =94.2, 2892 K, η l =183.3 1 m/W). The above results show that the reverse strategy can be applied in those phosphor materials with poor moisture resistance to restore luminescence properties and improve moisture resistance without excessively care about the deterioration during the production, storage and transportation., (© 2020 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

To improve absorption efficiency (AE) and subsequently improve external quantum efficiency (EQE) remains one of the significant challenges for Mn 4+ -doped red-emitting fluoride phosphors. In this study, we propose to use Mn 4+ as a part of matrix to enhance the AE of fluoride phosphors. Red-emission phosphors Cs 2 MnF 6 , Cs 2 MnF 6 :Sc 3+ , and Cs 2 MnF 6 :Si 4+ were synthesized successfully by a coprecipitation method. The Rietveld refinement of X-ray diffraction reveals that this red phosphor exhibits a cubic structure in Fm 3̅ m space group. Owing to Mn 4+ being a part of matrix, this kind of red phosphor possesses an extremely high AE, which can be promoted to 88%. The doping of Sc 3+ and Si 4+ ions into Cs 2 MnF 6 can effectively increase the luminescence intensity to 253 and 232%, respectively, relative to that of Cs 2 MnF 6 . The relative emission intensity of Cs 2 MnF 6 :5%Si 4+ red phosphor preserves about 115% when temperature rises to 175 °C. By employing Cs 2 MnF 6 :5%Si 4+ as a red-emitting component, high-performance LED-1 with Ra = 86.2, R9 = 82.1 and CCT = 3297 K, and LED-2 with an ultrawide color gamut (NTSC value of 122.3% and rec. 2020 value of 91.3%) are obtained. This work may provide a new idea to explore a new type of fluoride phosphor with high EQE for high-performance white-light-emitting diodes.

The addition of a red-emitting phosphor to YAG:Ce3+-based white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) greatly facilitates their applications in the field of high-color-rendering-index warm solid-state lighting. It is highly desirable to develop a red phosphor with satisfactory spectral features and low synthesis cost. In this study, a novel non-rare-earth and nonequivalent doping type of Cs2NbOF5:Mn4+ oxyfluoride red-emitting phosphor with high luminous efficiency was obtained via a facile room-temperature co-precipitation method, and its morphology and luminescent properties were investigated in detail. The Cs2NbOF5:Mn4+ phosphor with micro-rod-like morphology exhibited broad band absorption at blue light region (∼474 nm) and narrow bandwidth emissions at red region (∼633 nm). The color purity of the Cs2NbOF5:Mn4+ phosphor was calculated to be about 99%, and the internal quantum yield (QY) under 474 nm excitation was 63.4%. The concentration quenching of Mn4+ in Cs2NbOF5 matrix was mainly due to dipole-dipole interactions, and the activation energy of temperature quenching was calculated to be ∼0.2610 eV. The demonstration of a blue InGaN LED chip in combination with a blend of newly developed Cs2NbOF5:Mn4+ red phosphor and YAG:Ce3+ yellow phosphor greatly decreased the correlated color temperature (CCT) from 6255 to 3517 K while significantly improving the color rendering index (CRI) from 72.5 to 87.5. It deserves to be mentioned that the brand-new matrix to phosphor in the present study can be extended to various niobium/tantalum oxyfluoride series, which is very helpful for developing and designing new red phosphors.

The present paper presents the design of a remote monitoring system based on smartphone and mobile internet. The system can realize functions such as multi-physiological parameter collection, micromation of collecting equipment, real-time monitoring, remote data transmission, automatic alarm, physiological parameter analyze and Global Position System (GPS) location of patient's position. Besides acting as a receiver and transmission platform, smartphone can also process and analyze the physiological parameters, such as detection of the apnea from electrocardiogram (ECG). The system contains technologies of MCU, Bluetooth transmission, Android and Wed development, wavelet transform, mobile communication as a whole. It propels further developments of the remote mobile medical based on smartphone.